CHAPTER 8:

SALT
-Ionic compound when
hydrogen ion from acid is
replaced with metal ion
or ammonium ion

SOLUBILITY OF SALT
SALT

SOLUBILITY

Nitrate salt

All SOLUBLE

Sulphate salt

All SOLUBLE except Ca, Pb, Ba

Chloride salt

All SOLUBLE except Pb, Ag

Carbonate
salt

All INSOLUBLE except K, Na, NH4

Oxides &
Hydroxides

All INSOLUBLE except K, Na, NH4,

METAL ION

Na
K
Mg
Ca
Al
Zn
Fe
Pb
Cu
Ag
NH
Ba

SULPHATE SALT
(SO4)

CHLORIDE SALT
(Cl )

NITRATE SALT
(NO3)

CARBONATE
SALT (CO3)

PREPARATION OF SOLUBLE SALTS

TITRATION,
CRYSTALLISATION &
RECRYSTALLISATION

FILTRATION,
CRYSTALLISATION &
RECRYSTALLISATION

ACID+ALKALISALT+H2

ACID+METAL OXIDE SALT+H2O

ACID+MTL CARBONATE SALT+CO2+H2O
ACID+METAL SALT+H2

K, Na, NH4

OTHER THAN K, Na, NH4

Add acid to the alkali until

it is neutral with the help of
an indicator
Repeat the procedure

without using an indicator

Add metal/metal oxide/metal carbonate to

the acid & heat it until some of it no
longer dissolves. This mean all the acid is
reacted with metal/metal oxide/metal
carbonate
Filter to remove excess solid(residue)

Evaporate the filtrate until it bcomes a saturated solution

Dip in glass rod, ifcrystals are formed immediately, the solution is saturated
cool at room temperature
Filter & dry the salt crystal by using filter paper

PREPARATION OF INSOLUBLE SALTS

An insoluble salt can be prepared by a precipitation
method through a double decomposition method
In this 2 aqueous solution of 2 different soluble salts are
mixed together to form the insoluble salt. The insoluble
salt is formed as a precipitate and can be obtained by
filtration.
The 1st solution must have a solute which contains the
cation of the insoluble salt
The 2nd solution must have a soluble salt which contains
the anion of the insoluble salt

PREPARATION OF INSOLUBLE
SALTS
DOUBLE DECOMPOSITION REACTION
PRECIPITATION METHOD

Mix 2 solution containing cation and anion of

the insoluble salts
Stir wif glass rod
Filter using filter funnel
Rinse the residue wif distilled water (to
remove the impurities)
Dry the residue with filter funnel