CHEMICAL TESTING

Michael Pope 11M

 Flame Test: Metal Part
Procedure Results
• Stick a piece of • Lithium  Red
nichrome wire into • Sodium  Yellow
Hydrochloric acid. • Potassium  Lilac
• Then dip into • Calcium  Brick Red
compound and burn
• BariumApple Green
in Bunsen Burner
• Copper Blue/Green
 TESTING FOR A SULPHATE
Procedure Results
• To suspect sulphate • A white precipitate of
add HCl and Barium Barium Sulphate is
chloride solution formed
TEST FOR Cu²+ Fe²+ and Fe³+
• Add Sodium • Cu²+ gives a blue
Hydroxide to metal precipitate of Cu(OH)2
• Fe²+ gives a Green
Precipitate of Fe(OH)2
• Fe³+ gives a Brown
precipitate of Fe(OH)3
 TESTING FOR A CARBONATE
CaCO3²¯
• Procedure • Result
• A colourless gas-
CO2 is EVOLVED
which turns lime
water milky.
 TESTING FOR CARBONATE
• CuCO3 • ZnCO3
• Heat CuCO3 in • Heat ZnCO3 in
combustion tube combustion tube
• Starts green then • Starts white then
turns black when turns yellow when hot
copper oxide formed and back to white
when cold
TESTNG FOR NITRATE ION NO3¯
• Add NaOH/ • Ammonia gas is
aluminium powder evolved which turns
• Test the colourless damp red litmus
gas with damp red paper blue.
litmus paper
 TESTING FOR Al³+ Ca²+ Mg²+
IONS
• Add NaOH • All give a white
precipitate but
aluminium Al(OH)3
dissolves in excess
NaOH
 TESTING FOR CHLORIDE,
BROMIDE, IODIDE IONS
• To suspect halide ions,
add nitric acid followed by
silver nitrate
• Check the solubility of the
precipitate in Ammonia
• White precipitate soluble
in ammonia is Silver
Chloride- Chloride ion
present
• Cream precipitate-
slightly soluble in
ammonia is Silver
Bromide- Bromide ion
present
• Yellow precipitate-
insoluble in ammonia is
Silver iodide- iodide ion
present