April 2015

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April 1-40_ram1.qxd 3/31/2015 4:59 PM Page 2
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Website : vartmansahitya.com
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fdIY CXWZX Bf fff IYf dfVff WX fff ff dIY fWXfa IYe fSaXfSXfff
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ffWX fe fWXe fe dIY fZ WXQe IY CXQc IZY ffZfZ fZ fOXfZ fZ fQf ffffZ
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ffdfIY fZOXe fZ fbf fWXe ff IZYUf VfIY CXffSXf IYSXfZ fSX QfQe
MXIY QZfe WX`kfffIY fIYf ff IYSXf, fWXIZY fff fOXel (122)
Bf LMXZ fZ Uff fZ Qffffa IYe fcSXe fbfe fbff ffe WX`
fWXbf ffSXZ EZfZ fiIYSXf W`X Bf AffIYff fZ d fOXff IYf
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fUff CXWXfZ JOXZ dIYE UZ dUfcdf ffSXfff SXff IZY Vff
kffafiQfdfIY QfZ ASX ffSXfef fbdffl fZ fIYSX df WXfZ WX`
BfIZY ffQ AffIYff IZY QcfSXZ fff fZ ffSXffff dfffdSXf IYSXfZ
WXbE fb IYe fPXe WXbB IYWXffe fZ UZ fPXfZ f AffZ WX` fSX fe.Ef.fc. fZ
fffUfQ fZ fdSXdff WXfZ WX` fcSXZ dUVf fZ WXe Bf dUffSXffSXf IYf
ffeSX fiffU ff ffff IZY fcf fZ ffIY Affe fSXRY AfIYdff
dIYff ff fbffeSXff e fZ Bf ffZ fSX OXMXIYSX IYff dIYff fSX CXfIYf
fWXff fe WX fff f` dUVfZff f IYSXfZ WXbE IbYL CXSXf IiYfVf:
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IYSXfZ fZ, dIYfb WXSX AIY fZ CXfSX fiQZVf fZ Qdff IZY DYfSX PXfE ffZ
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CXdff fWXe ffff ff .... f`fZ EIY fff fff dfJf ff, dffZ EIY
fWX fWX CXfZJ dIYff ff kEZfZ fdfUfdQf IZY ffUcQ OXfg.
AfafZOXIYSX `fZ EIY Qdff fZ ffSXf IYf fdUfff dfJf ffl fff
LffZ fZ fWXfZ fSZXi fiffQ dfWXf fZ Bf Uff IY dfIYfUf dQff
CXf fff f`fZ dfIbYf fff fWXe dQff dIY EZff f WXbAf?
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ffMXe IYe dfffWX fZ OXfg. AfafZOXIYSX IYf IYB fWXU fWXe ff fbUf fff
fZ LffZ Uffe ffffie IZY fdSXfffUYf fbfZ fWX fe fifef WXbAf dIY
f IYB CXf fdf IYf fdf Qdff fSX dIYE ffZ UffZ
AffffSX fSX dfJff ff ffff WX`, f UWX fff fbffSXIY IYWXffff
WX`, dIYfb UWXe fff f IYB Qdff dfJff ff ffff WX`, f CXfZ
fdfUfQe fff dfff fff WX`l (170-71)
kdIYfb f fZSXZ DYfSX fdfUfQe WXfZ IYf AfSXf fSXf ff AfSXf
fffZ fff, f fbfZ AffSX fffdfIY feOXf fZ fZSX dfffl(170)
kfeSXZ- feSXZ fff (Uf) fff IYfMX ( fdf) IYe AUffSXff
fffffIY WXIYSX fZSXZ ffffZ AffZ ffel (171)
kfff fb IY fWXe fffZ fZ fdQ EZff WXff f UZ fdf
fUff IZY ffSXZ fZ fWXbf IbYL dfJ ffZl (171)
kIYff fff dfJfZ WX` ffff Affe fZ IbYf 80 WXfSX f`dfIY
fZ, dffZ 28 WXfSX SXffcf, 23 WXfSX fifff fff 13 WXfSX
fbfffff fZ dff fdff fZ dfRY ffaf WXfSX ff fZ AffZ fWXf
Afff IZY ffUcQ ffMXe fZ f` fcJ fff SXWXf DYfSX fZ fdfUfQe

WXfZ UffZ AfSXf fZ f` dLf-dff WXfZ fff ff CXf fff fZSXe
fff fZ AffZ fff ff dIY Uf fff IZY ffff fZ ffSXf fZ
fffUfQe fUff fffc WXff AffU-ff WX`l (172)
fff fcSXfef fcae ASX CXffZ CXfe fffA fZ ffe-ffadf
fdSXdff fZ ASX AffZ fff fZ CXWXfZ fWXbf IYfff IYf dfff fcSXZ
dUVf IY dQff QSXAff WXff fWX WX` dIY dfIZY ffffZ ffff
fOXe WXfe WX`, CXfe fSX UWX dfff IYSXff WX` fff ffSXf IYe fdf
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fiIYMX dIYff ff fbffeSXff e fZ ASX BfIYf WXf CWZX OXfg.
AfafZOXIYSX IZY fff WXe dfff ff ffSXf fZ SXWXfZ WXbE fff fZ OXfg.
AfafZOXIYSX fIY Afff dfff IYf dUIYff WXe IYWXf fEff OXfg.
AfafZOXIYSX fZ AffZ dfff fZ CXf ffSXZ fUff fZ Y-f-Y WXfZ IYf
fifff dIYff ff dffZ ffSXf cf SXWXf fffdf fZQ, ff fZQ,
AfdfIY fZQ, IYf ASX fffiQfdfIYff ASX BfdfE OXfg. AfafZOXIYSX
IYe SXfWX fffZ fb fi. fbffeSXff e IZY IYSXef WX fE
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fWX fZSXf fWXff AUfSX ff IiYfdffdfff IZY fbSXff fi fbffeSXff
AffIYe Adff ffff fe fbfZ IbYL fff QZ fB
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fifeff IY WXfZVff ff IYf CXfWXfSX dffff ffdWXE
fQf :
1. fbQdWXff - SXfIYff fiIYfVff, fWXff fIYSXf
2. fdfIYdfIYf - SXfIYff fiIYfVff, fWXff fIYSXf
fafIY : 202-OXe, ffcSX dfWXfSX-1,
ffIZYMX ff, fB dQfe-110091
fWXffe ffdWXf
fafffe ffdWXf IZY ffff ff*

fbfQSX fWX kfcSXl
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fafadff ffffA Efa dfdff IZY ffSZX fZ AdfIY fff fWXe WbXB BfdfE f f f` dfLXfZ ffff
ff IZY ffdWXf IYf dfff fZJf-fJf QZff ffWXff WacX ASX f WXe CXfIYf BdfWXff fifbf IYSXff
ffWXff WacX, fdIY IbYLX fafadff ffffA Efa dfdff IZY ffSZX fZ fff IYSXff ffWXff WacX fdIY
BfIYf fafaf fffe QdMX ff dfIYff fZ fbOXf WbXAf W`X dfffff IZY fVfff WXffSZX ffdWXf Efa ffff
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fB fffVf EIY fOXe fffQe IZY ffQ IYf ffff, fE faff, fE ffffdfIY dfSXf! IZYff ffSXf
WXe fOXe CXff-fbff fZ fWXe fbfSXf ff; fafcf dfVf fOZX DYWXffWX-fffQe Efa fdSXfff fZ fbfSXf
ff ff fbfSX SXWXf ff...
...dfef dfVf fb IZY ff fZ dWXSXdVfff Efa ffffffIYe IYe fffWXe, MXfgdff IYe ffffffQe IiYfadf IZY ff, 1949 fZ fef IYe IiYfadf IYf fafcf
WXff fff Af Bf fiIYfSX IZY fdSXfff dfWXfZ ffbf IZY dfVfff fZ Q fifdff IY ff dQff EIY ASX ffffffQe IiYfadf fZ dfVfff, fb,
RYffeffQ, fffeffQ, fffiff, facfeffQ, fafiQffffQ IYf dfSXf ASX QcfSXe ASX f`Qf WbXB fZffe Efa dfSXfIYff IYf AWXfff, CXQffe
AfffefffaffSX IYe BWXe dfdff fZ dIYfe fe ffff IYe fdfdfdff IY ffcfZ faffSX IZY fff fOX dQff ffSXfef ffff ff dfVfZf Yf
fZ fafffe ffff IY fe dfffff IZY fVfff Aff fZ fWXe dfffSXf ff fIYff df:faQZWX fifZIY ffff IYf dffe faffSX, AafdfSXf fWbXf
fWXffcf W`X, CXfIZY fifafef ffdWXf IZY fff AffVfIY fafaf W`X, IYfb fdff fZ dIYfe fe ffff IZY ffdWXf IY dfVf fZfff IZY fff fOZX
dfff CXf fSX dfffSX IYSXff CXfIYe ffffA Efa dfdff IYe AfWZXfff IYSXff W`X fZWXY fbf fZ WXe SXfffedf, BdfWXff Efa faIYdf IZY Aafff
fWX fff fMX WX fB fe, dRYSX CXfIZY fVfff f CXfSX AffbdfIY QSX fIY fWabXffZ fSX fZ AffVfIYffEa fPXe W`X fB ffffEa Efa dfdfffa fOXe
fZfe IZY fff fQfe W`X
dfffff fIY Bf VfffQe IZY fafffe ffdWXf fZ fdQ fSaXfSXf fZ fbOZX IYWXe-IYWe AfffdfIY Efa SXWXfffQe ffdWXf IYf CXQf WbXAf ff f
BfIZY fff-fff SXfffe Efa fifdfVfef ffdWXf IZY fff fZ EIY dffff IY ff dQff ff ASX CXffZ dfffSXffSXffIY fSX fSX fifdfVfef fZfff
WXe fifbJ ffe fe ffdWXf IZY Aafff fbffSXffQe fifdf IY fe BffZ fWbXf Aff fWXe dIYff ff fIYff fWX Bf fifdf IYe fcdfIYf IZY Yf
fZ WXe feIYf WXfe W`X CXfIYf IYfSXf dfidMXVf fffiff IYf dfSXf, ffafff faff, Af ff fZfffEa Efa dfVf IYe fIYffef dfdf fe W`X
Bf fiIYfSX dfffff fIY ffdWXf fZ WXf Bf ffffA Efa dfdff IZY faf fWabXffZ W`X ASX dfffff Bf fiIYfSX IYe fffQe W`X f faffdff IY
AffZff fIY ffOX QZfe W`X Bf dfff fZ faffdff fZ dffbf ffdWXf IYf fff dIYff W`X IZYff fafffe fZ WXe 500 IZY ffff IYWXfdfffa
dfJe fB W`X CXQc, WXQe Efa Af ffffA fZ fe faffdff fZ fdff ffdWXf IYf fff dIYff fiff: fWX IYWXf ffff W`X dIY fafffe ffff fZ Bf
ffff IY fifbf IYSXfe CXffe fOXe SXfff ffffZ fWXe AfB dfffe fOXe fffQe IY faffdff fZ fWXf dIYff
IYB ffSX dIYfe ffffdfIY faIYdf fZ Bf fiIYfSX IYf ffdWXf QdMXffSX WXff W`X dffIYf AfafdSXIY dfffSX Afef WXff W`X, dffIY f,
IYWXffe, CXffff, fWXfIYffffIY dfffSX f`fe dfffA IYe AffVfIYff WXfe W`X fafffe ffff EIY ffSX fWXe AfZIY ffSX Bf fiIYfSX IYe
* feffe VfQe IZY CXfSXf IZY 50 fff
dfdff fZ fbfSXf W`X 1984 IZY QSX IZY f WXf dfIYMXff fffe W`X
IYfb fafffe BffZ fOZX QbJfaf IY fWXf IYSX fZff W`X BffZ fbfSX IYSX
fbf: kQbffZ-ffbfZ Adffl IZY AffZff Efa Afff IY fff fZff
W`X IYfb Bf fiIYfSX IZY QbJfaf fZ fZ fWX CXffe fOXe f SXfff
dfVfZffff CXffff IYf fff fWXe IYSX ffff ffdIY Bf fiIYfSX IYe
dfVfZf dfdf IYf fafaf CXffff IZY fff WXe fbOXff W`X Emff fWXe W`X
dIY dfffff l84 IYe fffQe IZY dfff fZ CXffff dfJZ fWXe fE
IYfb dff fWXfIYffffIY CXffff IYe dfdf WXfe W`X, fafffe fZ
CXfIZY Afff IY WXf feIYfSX IYSXff ffWZXfZ ffdIY Af ffffA
fZ Bf fiIYfSX IYe SXfffEa Adff fZ AfB Bf fff IY dfVfZf fSX
fZ f`fZ BfdfE fff fZ Vffdff dIYff W`X dIY Af faffSX dff QSX fZ
fbfSX SXWXf W`X ff WXffSZX AffZ ffff fZ f fdSXfff QdMXffSX WXfZ W`X
CXfIYf AfafdSXIY dfffSX IYWXffe Afff CXffff IYe fafffffA fZ
fafadff W`X, IYfb Emfe IYWXffe ff CXffff ffffZ fWXe Af SXWXf
dffIZY fefSX AfafdSXIY dfffSX IYe fWXfff IYe ASX AdfIY Ydf
fiIYMX IYe fB WX IZYff fSXfff fWX fafc IYe IYWXfdfffa, fbSXQfff
fWX IYf kfSXffl, SXfffYf AfJe IYf kIYNZX JOXIY fWXl Afff
RYf fffa IZY CXffff WXe IYfRYe fWXe W`X IYfIYf, IYffc, VffJf
Efa ffZdfdff f`fZ CXffffIYfSX Bf AfafdSXIY dfffSX IYe fZfff
IZY fff WXe AffZ ff IYe SXfff IYSXfZ fZ Bf AfafdSXIY dfffSX IY
IYfIYf, IYffc ff WXffSXe ffff fZ RYf fffa IYe fSXWX fe dfff ff
fIYff W`X fbf f Bf AfafdSXIY dfffSX IY dfffSXffSXffIY fSX fZ
ffffZ ASX CXffff dfff fZ fifffVfffe PaXf fZ fifbf IYSXfZ IYf
W`X
dfffff IZY fVfff IYe dff Q fifdff IYe ASX AfSaXf fZ f`fZ
faIZYf dIYff W`X, CXffZ fZ fifdfVfef fifdf WXffSZX ffdWXf IYe fifbJ
fifdf fffe W`X faffWX fZJ IYe fbfIY ffdWXfff (1958) IZY
fiIYfdVff WXfZ WXe fafffe fZ BfZ ffdWXdfIY Efa ffffdfIY AfffSX
fiff WX fffZ W`X CXfIZY fVfff kfZJ-dIYVff fWX ffQ-dfffQl
dfffSX IZY AafSX IZY ffffcQ f`fadfIY fifdfVfef fZfff IY
dfIYdff IYSXff W`X SXfQSX SXdf, fZffaf fWX dff, ffQSX fWX
SXfWXe IYe ffeff fffffQe dfSXfe dfffSXIY fZ fiff-fSXf faffQ
ffdff IYSXfe, fE dfffSXIY IYe fff IYe fafffffA IY fffVffe
dfIYdff WXfe W`X AfSXfWX, AffbdfIYff, fffZief ff fZ ffffZf
ffdff IYSXfe fafffe fSaXfSXf IYe fWXfff IYe ASX AfIYdff WXfZ W`X
fWXf fWX IZY IYdfff-fafiWX fcWZX (QSXfffZ) fIY fifdfVfefff IZY
fff fidffff IYe fff Efa ffdWXf IYe fdfVfefff fe ffe SXWXfe
W`X fWX Afff fbfZWXOZX (faQZVfZ) fIY AffZ IYdf IY Bfe Yf fZ
dfIYdff IYSXfe W`X Af: Af dfffA IYf fe Bfe Yf fZ dfVfZff
dIYff ff fIYff W`X QcfSXe fifdf dffIYe ASX AfSaXf fZ f`fZ faIZYf
dIYff ff dfffZ fZ AdffffQ, EfOX Efa Af Bf fiIYfSX IYe
fifdff IYf dfIYff WbXAf dffIYf CXQf fcSXf IZY ffdWXf, QVff Efa
ffffVfff IZY Aafff WbXAf AffbdfIYff Afff AffbdfIYffffQ
IYe fZfff IYf AfffSX fffZ WXe CXWXfZ WXffSZX ffdWXf IY fiffdff
IYSXff AfSaXf IYSX dQff
Bf ffff IY fdfIY feLZX fIY fffff AffVfIY W`X 1932

fZ fdfff QZVf IZY fZJIY faf IYe IYfgRiZYf fZ dfVf fifdfVfef
fZfff fZ fWXfZ fWX fiVf CXfSX IYSX Afff ff ffffffQe ffff,
fffffQ Afff AffbdfIYff? ASX Bf fiIYfSX AffbdfIYff IY
facfeffQ IZY fff fOX dQff fff fWX ffff ff ffff IbYLX fdMXf
Yf ffSXf IYSX fff fff BffZ fcSXf IZY fffffdQf IZY ff EIY
fWXf LXZXOX Qe fiZf, ffMXSX fZffdff, AOXf, AfZMX ffgJ Efa
fifVfe IZY ff ffff fcf Yf fZ dfffdQf WbXAf, fdIY
AffbdfIYff IY IZYff facfeffQ IZY fff fafadff fWXe dIYff ff
fIYff, fdIY AffbdfIYff Efa ffefff ffdWXdfIY fff IZY dfE
AffVfIY WX fE fZ fffffQ IY fe IZYff ffdfIYe ASX
dffafffQe QdMX fIY fedff fWXe SXJf ff fIYff
dfffff IZY fVfff f fffffQe faIYf fafffe ffff fZ ffffZ
Afff CXfIYf AfSaXdfIY Yf AdfIYfSX ffdfIYe ff dffafffQe
ff, BfedfE fifdfVfefff IY fe CXfe IZY fff fOXf fff
fifdfVfefff Efa fifdfffQ IZY ff AafSX IYe fe Jf fWXe IYe fB
BfedfE AffbdfIYff IZY fff fe EIY dfSXf IYf fafaf ffdff WX
fff fdVff fZ AffbdfIYff Efa AffbdfIYffffQ IZY ff fe fWbXf
ffffZf WX fff ff fdIY facfeffQ IYe fWX AffVfIYff fe
BfdfE fafffe fZ fe fWX dfSXf ffdff WXfZ fff AffbdfIYff Efa
AffbdfIYffffQ IZY ff fWX ff ffffZf ffSX Afff ff
fiffVfefff IZY fff AffbdfIYff IYe fff IYe fB f ffff fWX
AffbdfIYff IZY fff fbOX fB dffIZY dfffSXffSXffIY AfffSX IZYff
fWXfffSX IY CXf AdfIY faIYdf IZY fff fafadff fZ dffIYf
ffgOXf facfeffQe dfIYff Efa fcSXf IYe faIYdf fZ Afff ff BfdfE
ffVf SXfffe ffdfIYe fifdfffQ IZY WXe dfY dfiWX fWXe IYSXff W`X
fdIY Bf AffbdfIYffffQ IZY dfY fe dfiWX IYSXff W`X ASX Affe
IYdfff fZ fE IiYfadfIYfSXe IYffVfff IYe fZfff IZY fff fbOX ffff
W`X dVffIbYffSX fe CXf fifdfffQe Efa AffbdfIYffffQe IYffVfff
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fffZief ff Efa IYffVfff IZY dfY W`X f fafffe faIYdf Efa
CXfIZY dfWX IY fbff SXWXf ff, dfVfZf Yf fZ AffbdfIYffffQe
IYffVfff f fifdf IYf dfSXf IYSX SXWXf ff, dffIZY fff fafffe
faIYdf IYf AffZff fWXSXfB fZ fbOXf WbXAf W`X ffVf AffbdfIY IYff
dfff IY Afffff W`X, IYfb AffbdfIYffffQ IY fWXe, Bfe fiIYfSX CXf
fff IZY ffWXf fZ IYB dIYf IZY dfSXf dfIYdff WX fffZ W`X
WXSXfff fWX AffbdfIYff Efa AffbdfIYffffQ IZY ff fOXfOX
WXIYSX IbYLX fff IZY dfE IYB dfSXf IYf dVfIYfSX WX fffZ W`X fWX
fifdf IYf kf fbfZ f LXffZl (f fcf fZ f LXfaf fZ) ASX kfOZX QZ fRZY
CXfZl (fOXIY IZY ffZ fSX) ffQ fZ kf` f fef fffl fZ BfdfE dfSXf
IYSXfZ fffZ W`X fdIY fdVff fZ MXe.Ef. BdffMX IZY fff fbOXe
AffbdfIY fifdf fZ fWX dfSXf dfIYdff WX fff ff ffZ WXe ffQ fZ
fWX EIY ffSX fbf: fifdf fZ Affe ffWX fffVf fZfZ W`X IYfb ff fWX
kfff QefZ ffffl (ffff QeE ffff) ASX kYJ fZ dSXVfel (YJ Efa
FYdf) f`fe fdff fafe IYdfffEa dfJfZ W`X f Bf ffQ-dfffQ fZ
dIYffSXf IYSXIZY Affe fidfff IZYff SXfff fZ fffVf IYSXfZ W` dffIYf

Afff f`fZ CXfSX AffbdfIY QdMX fSXf AdfIY fffIY Yf fZ dIYff
ff fIYff W`X
1970 IZY fVfff fafffe ffdWXf IZY fff fafadff f ffffEa
Efa dfdfffa ffffZ AfB W`X CXffZ fZ IYB ffffEa SXffffIY ffdWXf
fZ fafadff W`X Efa IbYLX AffffffIY fff IZY fff ffZ WXe Qf
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fff ASX dfff IYf dUff ff fff ff Bfe fZ AffQe IZY
AfQff IZY fffiffUfQ-dUSXfe fdSXf fZ fIYfSXffIY U`ffdSXIY
dUfVf IY OXf ff
fef IZY QVfIY fZ AdJf ffSXfef IYffiZf fZ AfdfIY fiVf IY
fWXU QZff VfbY dIYff ASX 1931 fZ BffZ AfdfIY IYffIiYf ASX
ffaf fff ffQ 1936 fZ IYdf-IYffIiYf IYe ffff IYe Uffff

fifdf IZY ff IZY fff-fff AfdfIY dUIYff IYe SXffedf, CXZVf
ASX CXfIZY AfffSXfcf QVff fffe dUfVf fZ df dUffSXffSXf IY
fiffUe fffff CXffZ SXff IYe fcdfIYf IY fiff ffff fff SXff
IY ffSXf IZY ff fZ kAfUVfIY fbSXfBl fWXe fdIY kAfUVfIY
fffl ffff ASX BfIZY IYfffZf IY fffIY EU dfSXfSX
fUfffUZVfe Yf fZ QZJff VfbY IYSX dQff Bfe fNXfcdf fZ 1938
WXdSXfbSXf IYffiZf AdfUZVff fZ SXfMXef dfff fdfdf ff fZVfff
ffff IYfZMXe IYf fNXf dIYff fff BfIYf ffffdIY-AfdfIY
QVff dfdVff Yf fZ fifdfVfef ff CXfSXfSX dUfVf, fUfQ ASX
UfQ-dUUfQ fZ fff AfffdSXf dUIYff IY fUff SXfff ffff
Bfe IiYf fZ 1950 fZ fff Afff IYf fNXf WXbAf IYffiZf IYe
fiffUVfffe U`ffdSXIY QdMX WXe Afff IYe fffIY Vfdf fe fSafb
Bf QdMX IYf ffffdIY AfffSX VfWXSXe, fPXZ-dfJZ IYffiZfe IbYfef
IZY U`ffdSXIY fidVfff ASX fidffff fIY fedff fe
fdSXfffUYf fff Afff df dUffSX, AUffSXff IY fZIYSX
fff, CXfZ AfZdff fefe fRYfff fWXe dffe
Afff fZ ffNX fff fZ AfZIY fbdfffQe fiVf IY LbAf ASX
CXfIYe dUUZfff IYe fZdIYf BfIZY fff fffZ fOXe fcfff
LfIY IYSX ffffZ AfB UWX BfIYf Afff WXe AdfNXff ff fcSXe
fff IYf SX ffbdff/fffdff dUfSXf fSX ff Bf dUffSX fZ
ff-Af IZY ff IYe fcf CXfZff IYe RYff:, fedfff BfffQfSXe
ASX fdIY ffIYf IZY ffUcQ fff Afff fdSXfffIYfSXe fWXe
fff
fff Afff ASX fedf Afff IZY fef fdfIY AfSX
dQJfB fOXff WX` CXf fSX fiIYfVf OXffff YSXe WX` fff Afff
ffff OXZPX QVfIY IZY U`ffdSXIY-fdIY dUfVf IZY ff fZ CXf IYSX
EIY fiIYfSX fZ SXfMXef fWXfdf IYf dWXff fff ff fIYffef
fcaeUfQe Uf fZ fe fff AfffdSXf dUIYff IYe fidIiYff fZ
AfWXfdf ff fWXe IYe fe
BfIYf EIY CXQfWXSXf QZVf IZY CXffdff ASX CXffZ bOXZ
fIYfeIYVffWX fSXf fffffafSX ffafZ fff IYf fiffU ff fWXfa EIY
ASX fff fff QZfZ ff WX` dIY fZVfff ffff IYfZMXe IYe fSXRY
fZ 1948 fIY IYB fe NXf fiffU ffffZ fWXe SXJf fff, fdIY
ffafZ fff IZY dfffffA1 fSXf 15 Ufef AfdfIY dfff IYf
fiffU Q JOX fZ fZVf dIYff fZVfff ffff IYfZMXe IYf SX
dUfSXf fSX ff f ffafZ fff fZ CXffQf ff fafdf-SXff IY Afff
CXZVf fffff 15 Uf fZ BffZ IYdf CXffQf IYf ff 130
fidfVff, AdfIY CXffQf IYf 500 fidfVff ASX fZUf fZf IYf
200 fidfVff SXJf
Bf fWXUfIYffe fiffU IZY fbffdfIY 15 Uf fZ fIYf fSXZfc
CXffQ fZ IYdf IYf AVf 53 fidfVff fZ fMX IYSX 40 fdIY CXf
IYf AVf 17 fidfVff fZ fPXIYSX 35 fidfVff WXff ff fZdIYf, Bf
fff IY fIYffef SXffedfIY fifb Uf IZY fIYSXeff ffe ff
fZ dfSXZ fZ JfdSX IYSX dQff ffSXfef IYfbdfMX ffMXe IZY dfffIYfSX
fe.MXe. SXfdQUZ fZ BfIYe Afffff IYSXfZ WXbE IYWXf dIY BffZ dUSXff
IZY ff IY fcSXe fSXWX fZ AfQZJf dIYff fff WX`2 Bf fSXWX IYe
AfffffA IZY ffQ ffafZ fff IZY dfffffA fZ Affe fff IYf
QcfSXf dWXff fSXe dIYff dffZ dUfSXf IZY ff IY fafdff dIYff
fff ff ffSXfef fff fZ fe ffafZ fff ASX BfIZY fff Af
fffffafSX fiffU IY fafeSX ff ffff fZ QcSX fifff fffff ff ff
IZY dfffIYfSX QefQfff CXfffff IZY AfbffSX, k1944-46 IZY
fef AfZIY f`SX-fSXIYfSXe fffA IYf fiIYfVff WXbAf ffafZ fff
IZY 1944 fZ fiIYfVff fZ fWX dffdfff VfbY WXAf BfIZY ffQ
kfefbf fffl ASX kfffeUfQe fffl ffffZ AfB BffZ fZ
dIYfe fe fSXWX fZ ff ff fff IYe AfdfIY fdfdUdff IY
fiffdUf fWXe dIYff3 fZdIYf CXfffff fZ AffZ fff IYWXe
UWX fSXfff WX`, kCXffZ IbYL fffZ ffff IY fidffdff IYSXfe
fe CXfIZY dfIYf fZ fff AffZff IZY dfIYf fZ AdfIY
ffUWXfdSXIY WXfZ IYe faffUff fe BfIZY ffUcQ BffZ fZ dIYfe fZ
QZVf IZY EIYeIYf fffIY dUIYff IYe fUeSX fifbf fWXe IYel4
fdWXSXf fSX fSX CXfffff IYf fffff WX` dIY Bf fef fffA IZY
UÌYdfIY fiffU IY df CXfZff IYf dVfIYfSX fffff fff, UWX
Afbdff ff AfSX U`ffdSXIY IYSXff fZ dfIYf IYSX fZVfff ffdff
IYfZMXe fUfffUZVfe QdMX Affffe f fff IYf UYf ASX
fdSXfff Qf fdUff fffSXedfIYf IZY fff fSX ffSXfef ffff IY
fidffdff IYSXfZ Ufff ASX dUIYff IYe QdMX fZ AdfIY
fdSXfffIYfSXe WXff CXfffff fZ ffafZ/fefbf/ffafeUfQe fffA
IYe CXfZff IYf EIY IYfSXf BffZ AafdfdWXf IYfSXe IY ffff UZ
dfJfZ WX`, kCXWXfZ QZVf IZY AfdfIY dUIYff IZY dfE dIYfe
f`fdfIY AfffSXfcf fffIY IYf fcfeIYSXf fWXe dIYff AffZAffZ fffdfIY SXU`fZ IZY fbffdfIY fffffZ ff fcUffbfff dfffdSXf
dIYE fE5
dfIYff: fff-dffff IYe fidIiYff fZ fdIY dUIYfffff
SXWXe fdUff fffSXedfIYf fZ WXfZ AffZ ffff IZY fidf f BfffQfSX
WXfZ dQff f WXe Y-f-Y BfIYf fdSXfff WXf ffNX Uf fIY QZJfZ
SXWXZ fff Afff QZVf IZY f`SX-SXff AdfIYffA, AfVffdff,
fffVffdff IYf AffZ QffSXZ fZ dUdfff IYSXff SXWXf UZ EIY WXe
dQVff fZ fffZ SXWXZ CXfIYe feff f NXeIY fe fSXafb dfff U`ffdSXIY
fcUffiWX IYf dVfIYfSX ff ffff fZ Afe IZY QVfIY fIY dfe fcae,
dfe fUfff, dfe CXf IY f f ffffdIY U`fff dffe f WXe
CXffZ AffdUVfff ff SXff IYe fSXRY fZ CXfIYe fIYeQfSXe IbYL
Bf AQf fZ WXfe SXWXe `fZ UZ dfLfZ QSXUfZ fZ fbf IYSX
AffUff IY fidffffe fff QZfZ Uffe ffIYf WX
dfdVff Yf fZ AfdfIY dUIYff IZY IiYf fSX SXff IYf dffff
WXff ffdWXE dffZ fifIYdfIY fffff IYf QWXf ffUdfIY dWXf
EU ffffffUfQe ff IZY dfE WX Bf CXZVf EU fidIiYff fZ
SXffedfIY QVff IYf fWXU fPX fff WX` fZdIYf fcIY Bf fff fZ
WXbB dIY IY`fZ dfe CXf IY dUIYff IZY IiYf fZ fWXffIY fffff
fE QefQfff CXfffff dfJfZ WX` dIY kWXffZ fff-dffff IYe
df fdf IY Afffff WX` ASX Yfe AfQVf fSX AfffdSXf WX`

ASX UWX fWX (QefIYffef EU ffIYfdfIY AfIYfffA/dfe EU
ffUdfIY fZf IZY fef) ffbff fffE SXJfZ fZ dURYf WX fB
WX`l6 ffbf fff IYf dUVfZff IYSXfZ WXbE CXfffff fZ 26
AMXcfSX, 1964 IY dfJf ff dIY kffUdfIY EaU dfe fZf IZY
fef AffMXf dIYff fff WX`, UWX IZYUf f`fdfIY AfffSX fSX WX`
ASX BffZ Qf fZf IYe fcfIYfdfIY CXffdff, Uffff
ffffA fff fdUf IYe fffUffA fSX dUffSX fWXe dIYff fff
ffSXf fZ fiff dfQZVfe dffZVf IZY Yfff: 1980-2010

(AfZdSXIYe OXfgfS ASXf fZ)
ff
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
dffZVf IYf
Affff (dfff)
0.08
0.09
0.07
0.01
0.02
0.11
0.12
0.21
0.09
0.25
0.24
0.08
0.25
0.53
0.97
2.15
2.53
3.62
2.63
2.17
3.59
5.48
5.63
4.32
5.78
7.62
20.33
25.35
42.55
35.65
24.64
dfLXfZ ff IZY
fbIYfffZ WbXAf
fdSXfff fidfVff fZ
0
13
-22
-86
100
450
9
75
-57
178
-4
-67
213
112
83
122
18
43
-27
-17
65
53
3
-23
34
32
167
25
68
-16
-31
pf: AaIYMXfOXM`XMX, fOX dOXfZfffZMX BaOXeIZYMXf, fOX fÌY, 23 fB, 2012 IY

Aadff ffSX fbffSZX fE AfaIYOZX
ffSXf fZ fiff dfQZVfe dffZVf Affff IYe

ffdfIY Aff fd QSX: 1980-2010
(AfZdSXIYe OXfgfSX ASXf fZ ASX fd QSX fidfVff fZ)
dfff dffZVf fd QSX

fiffWX
0.12
66.00
fbffSX fZ fWXfZ IYe Afdf
1980-1990
Afdf
fbffSX fZ ffQ IYe Afdf
10.30
48.45
2.05
67.84
17.74
31.00
6.36
48.68
1992-2010
fbffS IYf fWXff
QVfIY 1992-2000
fbffS IYf QcfSXf
QVfIY 2001-2010
fafcf Afdf 1980-2010
pf: DYfSX IYe ffdfIYf fZ dQE fE AfaIYOX IZY AfffSX fSX IYe fB ffff IZY AfbffSX
WX`l7 Bfe fcfff fZ ffffbSX ff IYSX fff Afff IY dfRYf,

dfdIiYf ASX dfQfef fff dQff fQffe fdSXdfdff EU AfdfIY
ffIYf IZY ffffZ Afff AfWXff IYe fSXWX dQJfZ fff fcaeUfQe
dUVf ffSXf IZY ffSX ASX, kAdfSXZIYffl IYf f`ff fZIYSX JOXf ff,
fZdIYf fff Afff fffUfQ IZY ff fZ RYfZ fedff ffff
IZY dUfSXf fZ QZVf IY fffdfIY ffbMX SXJff ffWXff ff BWXe
fdSXdfdff fZ ffSXf IY U`VfeIYSXf EU CXQfSXeIYSXf IZY QSX fZ
Vffdff WXfZ IZY dfE fff IYSX dQff QZVf fZ ffWXSX IYe fcae ASX
ffWXSX fZ dfUZVf IYe AfUVfIYff fWXfcf WXfZ ffe
Qbfff fZ fWX ff fedfff fdSXUff fff Afff IZY fefSX fZ
fWXe WX IYSX IYffffdfIYf IZY SXffedfIY QVff fZ WXbAf fdSXUff
IYSXfZ fff QefIYffef JfIYf fWXe ff ASX f IYB dfff ff f WXe
CXffZ WXfZ UffZ dJf, CXfIZY ffffdIY, AfdfIY
(fIYfSXffIY) fiffU fZ dffMXfZ IYe fff fe dUIYff IZY dfE
fWX WXfbfff IcYQ fe BfdfE fdVff IZY dfIY MXÌY fSXf fdf
AfaIYOXZ, fedfffa ASX fWXfa fIY dIY CXf fedff IYe AfffffEa fe
WXf fdIY ff fZ Afffdff IYSXfZ SXWXZ WXffSXf fdIY ffQff
dfRY Bfff SXWXf dIY WXf CXWXZ AffZ fZMX fSX AffZ WXff fZ dfJfZ
SXWXZ ASX CXfIZY AfbIYcf fffZ IYe IYdVfVf IYSXfZ SXWXZ
fff Afff fZ Bf fdSXdfdf IY f f fQffZ IYe ffff fe
f WXe CXffZ ffSXfef ffff IZY fff ffUf f`NXffZ IYe fdIY
BLf Vfdf fe ASX fWXe BfIZY UfffdUIY Af ASX fedf Afff
IZY dffff IYf IYfSXf fff fff fedf Afff IY AfMXff,
VfIYf ASX dffiffdUff IZY fZSXZ fZ SXJZ WXbE WX` CXfZ fe fffff YSXe
WX` f fifffffe fSXZi fQe fZ 15 Aff, 2014 IY fff
Afff IZY Af IYe ffff IYe f fWX EIY fbSXffZ AfdfIY QVff ASX
fidIiYff IZY fidf AfWXfdf fe Bf AfWXfdf fSX EIY fafe fWXf,
dUfVf ASX UfQ-dUUfQ IYe AfUVfIYff fe fWXe WXbB Bf
dUfVf IZY AffU fZ Bf fSXfff IYf dUIYff fcfYf fZ

IYffffdfIYf IYe ff, fdSXdfdff IZY AfbffSX YSXf fSX dffSX
WX fff WX` BfIYe QcfSXe fffZ fOXe IYfe dUfSXf IZY fUff fZ
AdfIY CXffQf IZY fUff fSX ff QZff WX`
Ufbf: Afff IZY ffffZ fUCXQfSXffUfQe AfdfIY fedf ASX
AfdfIY fffUSXf fZ WXfa ffadf-SXfff IY fiffdfIYff QZff WX` fWXe
ffd IZY dUfSXf IZY fQf fZ ffSXfef SXff IYe ffe Af SXWXe
fWXfdf (ffffff IYf ffff ASX dffaf) IZY fff ffbff
ffdff IYSXfZ IYf fiVf WX` fedf Afff fZ CXf AfZIY fiVf IY
fafdff dIYff WX` ffSXfef SXff IZY SXffedfIY dfdf fSX
fQfUfQ IYf dVfIYfSX fZ BffZ dUIYff IYe fidIiYff fZ ffef PXfafZ
IYe fiffdfIYff ASX CXffdfff ffdff IYSXff Vffdff WX` SXff IYe
fffeQfSXe EU fZfef fdSXfQ IZY fSXf AfdfIY-ffffdIY fUff
IYe dUdUfff IY Uf fSXeIZY fZ ffdff IYSXfZ IYe IYdVfVf VfbY
IYe WX` fSXfb SXff IYe fifbJff ASX Afdfff Bf Qf fSX fff SXWXZ
fWX BfZ fbdfdVff IYSXff fOXZff fbSXffe dUffSXffSXfA IZY QbfdSXfff
fZ ffSXfef fdIYff f fIY fWXe dfIYffe WX` dUIYff IYe fedf
ASX QVff fSX Uf fWXf fWXe WX fIYfe WX` QZVf IYf EIY fOXf
fdIY Uf fedf Afff IZY dfff ASX CXfIYe fcdfIYf fSX ff WX`
fWX ff f CXfIYe dfdIiYfff IYf fdSXfff WX` ff fUCXQfSXUfQ IZY
fiffU fZ fff fdIY Afff IYf Qf WXe dfdf NXeIY fWXe WX`
fedf Afff fZ AfZff EIY dfIY-MXÌY IYe fSXWX IYff IYSXfZ IYf WX`
BfIZY QffSXZ fZ dUffSX IYe BfdfE AfUVfIYff WX` dIY dfe
fce IYf CXffSX ffSXf fZ WXbAf WX` CXfZ SXff IZY dfQZVff EU
ffUf fZ WXe dUIYff fidIiYff IYf fffeQfSX ffff WX` 2014 fZ
ffSXf IZY 100 fffZ ffe ff IZY fff 346 dfdfff OXfgfSX IYe
fdff fce WX` fOXf fUff WX` dIY dfe fce ASX CXf, dUQZVfe
dUdfUZVf EU ffUdfIY fZf IYe Af dfffef dfdf IY dIYf
fiIYfSX fedf Afff dfQZdVff IYSX fffe WX` fWX f fdUf WXe ffffZff
fff Afff fdQ EIY dfSXZ fSX ff f fedf Afff QcfSXZ dfSXZ fSX
SXWXZ fWX QcSXfffe QdMX fZ WXfdfIYfSXIY WXff fSXefe, Affffff,
fZSXffSXe, fZdff Affbff, ffffdIY fff IZY fiVf IYf dfQff
EIY AfdfIY QVff IZY fWXf WXe IYSXff ffbdff WXff dfRY dUIYff
ASX Ud IZY UfffdUIY fWX fdSXfff fSX BfZ fWXe LOXf f
fIYff WX` fWX QVff ff WX? QefQfff CXfffff fZ ffNX IZY QVfIY
fZ fff IYWXe fe ff ffZ WXe CXfZ CXfZff IYf dVfIYfSX WXff fOXf
ff fZdIYf Af fQfe U`dVfIY ASX fSXZfc fdSXdfdff fZ CXfIYe
fiffdfIYff fWXe fIYfSXe f fIYfe WX` CXfIZY AfbffSX, kfdVffe
QZVf fZ SXffedfIY Qf IY ffffff: Qdffffe ff Uffffe
IYWXIYSX fbIYfSXf fff WX` ffSXf fZ fe dUdff SXffedfIY Qf IYe
dUdVfMXffA ASX CXZVf IY fcdff IYSXfZ IZY dfE Bf VfQfUfe
IY AdfIYfdfIY ffff fZ fiff dIYff ffZ fff WX`
IYfb fWX fZfe-dUfff ffSXf IYe SXffedf IYe fWXe IYfff
fWXe QZff WXf EZff IZYUf BfdfE fWXe IYWXfZ dIY fWXfa EZfZ Qf WX`
Adf-Qdff fZ fZIYSX Adf-Uff IZY fef IZY dUdUf dUffSX IYf
fidfdfdfU IYSXfZ WX`, fdIY BfdfE IYWXfZ WX` dIY Bf Qf IZY

AfZIY IYffIiYf Bf YPX AfffSX fSX dUffY dIYfe fe fZfe IZY
Afff fWXe AffZ ... Bf fiIYfSX WXf EIY ASX fZfe dUfff IYSX
fIYfZ WX` kfdSXUffZLbl ASX kAfdSXUffZLbll8 fedf Afff IY
fdSXUffZLb IYe fSXWX fcdfIYf dfffff ffdWXE BfIZY ffffZ fef
dUdVfMX fbfdfffa WX` dWXZ fffdff IYSXfZ ASX df fSX fMXff
IZY fff fiIYfVf OXfffZ IYe AfUVfIYff WX`
(1) fcadIY SXff dfRY dUIYff IYe fidIiYff fZ fffSX IYf fWXffIY
f WX IYSX dfffIY, dfQZVfIY ASX fWXfffe fef WX`, BfdfE
AfdfIY fZf fZ BfIYe fcdfIYf ASX QfQff fff SXWXZ
(2) fifIYdfIY fffff IYf CXfff dUfSXf IZY ffffffUfQe QVff
IZY AfffSX fSX WXe WX
(3) U`dVfIY fcaeUfQe dfff ASX ffSXfef fdSXdfdff IZY fef
IZY AfSX fZ CXfZ fUff fff, face IZY IZYieIYSXf-dUIZYieIYSXf
IZY dUfVf, ff fbffSX IYf fUff ASX fSXafSXf EU eUf fcf fSX
ff fcae IYe fIYdf IZY IbYfiffU IYf dfSXfIYSXf WX8
dfIY MXÌY IZY Yf fZ fedf Afff IZY AfdfIY dUfVf IY Affe
dUSXfff fZ IYMXfZ IYe fWX fbOXfZ IYe AfUVfIYff WX` AfdfIY
ffIY Qfff NXZfOXe fZ EIY fefSXZ ffgOXf IYe fff IYe fe
fffUfQ ASX fcaeUfQ fZ dff fIY IYfffUfQ fSX AfffdSXf
WX` Bf ffgOXf IY fcae IYe feNX IYe fUfSXe IYSX fiff fWXe dIYff f
fIYff WX` fedf Afff IY fcfIYff IYe U`ffdSXIY fcfffA fZ
fbf WXIYSX fUCXQfSXffUfQ IZY fffIYfSXe ASX WXfdfIYfSXIY ff IY
QZJfZ WXbE I`YfZ ffSXffcfIY ffffff fiffdUf IYSXff WX`, CXfIYe
fWXe fRYfff CXfIZY dfIY-MXÌY WXfZ IYe fffIYff ffdff IYSXZfe
faffUffA IZY fef fedf Afff IY EIY dUfVf fSXf Affe
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Email : vartmansahitya.patrika@gmail.com
Website : vartmansahitya.com
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kffffa fbfff fff IYfeSX / SXff fff dfdJ dfff VfSXeSXl
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faff IZY fff CXfIYf fIY-feff ffdffffe ffff fZ dff W`X
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dfdff f JadOXf WXfe SXWXe W`X CXfSX AffbdfIY fbf fZ IYB Emfe
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fbSXfQfffQ (CX.fi.)244001
f.:- 09412448574
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fWXUfcf ff fff W`X `fZ fff fZ ffSX fdfff U`fZ WXe fIYdSXf
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fbSXIYfSX OXfg. fSXf fiffQ (dVffff) IY CXfIZY IYff ffiWX kEIY fZOX
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fUfQe fZfff CXfIYe IYdUffA fZ dQJfB QZfe WX` AffZ fff IYe
dMXfffA IZY fff CXfIYe IYdUffA fZ fffUef fSXIYfSX ASX
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dUVffff dfffNXe fZ fdf VfZf fi. IbaYUSXfff fWX IYe f:fiIYfdVff
Q fbfIY, kfff fUfQl fff kfUffSXf ASX dWXQe ffdWXfl IYf
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Afff dIYff WX` ASX dWXQe ffdWXf IYe ffe dUffA fSX dUWXff
QdMX OXffe WX` IbaYUSXfff dfWX IZYUf fZJIY WXe fWXe EIY fdIiYf
ffffdIY IYfe fe fZ, CXWXfZ fWXUfcf U`ffdSXIY fiVf fSX fWXbf
fSXf ASX fWX ffff Vf`fe fZ fZJf dIYff CXfIYf CXZVf Affe
fff IY fffffSXf ASX fffff ffNXIY fIY fWabXffff ff fff
fUfQ fZ IbaYUSXfff fWX fZ SXffedf, fff ff IYe fcdfIYf `fZ
dUff IZY AffUf ffdWXf-fIYdf ASX fff IZY fiZSXIY fdff
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fWXUfcf fbfIY IY ffNXIY IZY dfE fifbf dIYff WX`
IYffIiYf IYf fffff fi. SXfeUfff Vfbf fZ dIYff fOXe
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dfWX, fiQef IbYffSX ffZff, ffbIY WXbf`f, UZQ fiIYfVf Adffff,
AQbf Afef, Ef.B. bf`SXe, Vffbfff, QZfZi IbYffSX fb~f, ffZi
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fifbdf: OXfg. QZfZi IbYffSX fb~f
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April 1-40_ram1.

qxd 3/31/2015 4:59 PM Page 1

ASX ff IYe fdfIYf

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April 1-40_ram1.qxd 3/31/2015 4:59 PM Page 2

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April 1-40_ram1.qxd 3/31/2015 4:59 PM Page 7

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April 1-40_ram1.qxd 3/31/2015 4:59 PM Page 9

April 1-40_ram1.qxd 3/31/2015 4:59 PM Page 10

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April 1-40_ram1.qxd 3/31/2015 4:59 PM Page 15

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April 1-40_ram1.qxd 3/31/2015 4:59 PM Page 18

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April 1-40_ram1.qxd 3/31/2015 4:59 PM Page 19

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April 1-40_ram1.qxd 3/31/2015 4:59 PM Page 20

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