-

-1-1 ): (Mother Board

.
Main Board



.

-2-1 :
.

.1
.2 .

.3 ... .
.4
.
.5 (
....) .
.6 :

.7 :
.
.8
( ... )

-3-1 :

( )

)...

( )IBM
:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

20 ATX Pin 24
FDD
IDE
North Bridge
South Bridge

PCI
AGP PCI-Express
ATX 12V

IDE
AGP
PCI




USB
3

4-1 Motherboard
:
- 1 Capacitors
- 2 BIOS
-3 Voltage regulators
- 4 Battery
- 5 .

-1 Capacitors

.
:

A-Open
ECS
Shuttle
MSI
VIA
Abit

1-1
.
POST .
Memory Test .
Health Alarm hi-low siren
BIOS .
Microprocessor front
panel indicators .
Boot-up
Setup .
.

complex graphics
Setup
.
Filter Circuits
:

Over-

current Protection ATX Power Supply

Voltage Regulators .

parasitic

oscillations over-current overheating

Premature failure .
Coil ATX socket
Coil

overheating

Leakage Filter Capacitors

Filter Capacitors
.
.

-2 BIOS
jumpers BIOS

BIOS jumper BIOS

Protected

BIOS
Restart
Processor socket /slot .
Beep BIOS
.
BIOS

BIOS IC DIP 32

socket

IC Socket BIOS sticker

BIOS

Award Phoenix AMI BIOS

BIOS PLCC

BIOS Socket IC Socket

.
BIOS

EEPROM Programmer

BIOS Socket
.
notch

BIOS

Socket Socket
. Socket

BIOS

BIOS
Hardware ( CPU
) BIOS .
BIOS . *.bin
.

 -
BIOS . PnP

BIOS

BIOS

. BIOS

-3 Voltage regulators
voltage regulators
. .
:
Electrolytic capacitors .
Battery .
. Motherboard
Physical check
.
:
.

Overheating
. overheating
ICs IC
Sockets

bent legs

.
Jumpers CPU

.

-4 Battery
CMOS

:
Non-Rechargeable Lithium
Rechargeable NiCad NiCad

CMOS Checksum Error

CMOS Battery Low .

. CR2032
.
Lithium NiCad

. .

.
0V
.
:
.

-5
1-5 :
(
6.3 v 1500 uF 3500 uF
4 8
chip 8

power ) P4
2-5 : BIOS
1x +

3-5

-1
-2 8
8 L
.
4-5 :

P4
. short

10