+

UniKL MICET
FYP SEMINAR
THESIS FORMATTING
OCTOBER 2015

Prepared by:
DR NORZAHIR SAPAWE
FYP Campus Coordinator, MICET
07th October 2015

+ Agenda
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Typing and Font

Margins
Spacing
Numbering Chapters and Sub-sections
Pagination
Tables
Figures
Equations and Formulae
Reference Style

Please refer and download from

UniKL MICET E-Learning homepage
(http://elearn.micet.unikl.edu.my/)
all the necessary guidelines & manuals.

Typing and Fonts

Paragraphs must be JUSTIFIED and use font Arial Size 11

+ Margins

For the entire thesis

including appendices, references,
preliminaries page, etc. the margins are:
Left (binding edge): 1.5 inch
Right: 1 inch
Top: 1 inch
Counted as
1 but NOT
printed
Bottom: 1 inch
*There is 1 exception (2 inch margin for the
top of the 1st page of NEW CHAPTER)

Spacing

1.

Spacing throughout thesis must be 1.5 line spacing. This

includes:
i.
Spacing between title of sub-section and first line of
text.
ii.
Spacing between paragraphs.
iii. Spacing between last line of text and a table, or a figure
or an illustration.

2.

2 x 1.5 line spacing is needed for these cases:

i.
Spacing between chapter number and title.
ii.
Spacing between title and first line of text.
iii. Spacing between last line of text with title of a
subsection.

Spacing
1.

2.

3.

Number and title of sub-section should be aligned with the left

margin.
First line of paragraph should be indented by 0.5 inch from the
LEFT margin.
A new paragraph should NOT begin on the last line of a page

First line: 0.5

inch indent

Start at
next page

+ Example: Cover Page

1 inch
4 x single line
spacing
Title

10 x single line
spacing
Name

20 x single
line spacing

1.5
inch

1
inch
4 x single line spacing

1 inch

Example: Thesis Spine

Take note !
Correction from UniKL
Thesis Manual
0.1
inch

AHMAD SAUFI MD YAAKOB Bac. of Chem. Eng. Tech. (Food) 2008 UniKL

0.1
inch

Bac. of Chem. Eng. Tech. (Hons) in Food

Bac. of Chem. Eng. Tech. (Hons) in Polymer
Bac. of Chem. Eng. Tech. (Hons) in Biosystem
Bac. of Chem. Eng. Tech. (Hons) in Bioprocess
Bac. of Chem. Eng. Tech. (Hons) in Environment
Bac. of Chem. Eng. Tech. (Hons) in Process

Example: Front page

1 inch
4 x single line
spacing
Title
8 x single line
spacing
Name
ID No
8 x single line
spacing

1.5
inch

8 x single line
spacing

8 x single line
spacing

1 inch

1
inch

10

Example: Front page

11

Take note !
Correction from UniKL
Thesis Manual
A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the
requirements for the award of the degree of
Bachelor of Chemical Engineering
Technology (Hons.) in Process

Bachelor of Chemical Engineering Technology (Hons.) in Food

Bachelor of Chemical Engineering Technology (Hons.) in Polymer
Bachelor of Chemical Engineering Technology (Hons.) in Biosystem
Bachelor of Chemical Engineering Technology (Hons.) in Bioprocess
Bachelor of Chemical Engineering Technology (Hons.) in Environment
Bachelor of Chemical Engineering Technology (Hons.) in Process

Example:
New
Chapter
(Take Note!)

1 inch

Note:
Exception
in margin!

1 inch
2 x 1.5 line spacing

2 x 1.5 line spacing

First line:
0.5 inch
indent

1.5 line spacing

1.5 line spacing

2 x 1.5 line spacing

1
inch

1.5
inch

1 inch

12

Numbering Chapters and

Sub-sections
1.

2.

3.

13

All chapters and sub-sections must be labeled

and numbered.
The chapters are numbered using Arabic numeric
(Chapter 1, Chapter 2, etc.)
Sub-sections NO NEED to be indented but must be
arranged NOT more than 4 levels:

2
2.1
2.1.1
2.1.1.1

First level (Title of the chapter)

Second level (Title of the sub-section)
Third level (Title of the sub-sub-section)
Fourth level (Title of the sub-sub-subsection)

First level:
Chapter title

Second level:
Title of sub-section

Third level:
Title of sub-sub-section

Example:
New
Chapter
(Take Note!)

14

Pagination: Preliminary Pages

15

Page numbers should be printed at the RIGHT bottom of page

(footer)
Preliminary pages of a thesis, starting from title page should be
numbered using small letter Roman numeric (i, ii, iii..).
The first page should be the front page. This page should be
counted i but should NOT be printed.

+ Pagination: Preliminary pages

Preliminary Pages of
a Thesis

16

Front Page

Counted as
i but NOT
printed

Pagination: Texts

17

The texts should be numbered using Arabic numerals

(1,2,3).
The first page of text should be counted 1 but the number
should NOT be printed.
Similarly, the 1st page of all chapters should be counted but
NOT be printed.

Tables

18

All tables must be numbered using Arabic numerals.

A caption should be positioned at the TOP of the table.
If caption is in a SINGLE line, it should be CENTRED. If
the caption more than a line, it should be ALIGN to
LEFT.
Table must be numbered with respect to the chapter.
For example, Table 3.5 is the 5th table that appears in
Chapter 3.
The caption Table and number must be in BOLD.
(Example: Table 4.1 Liquid constituents in LCMS)
Spacing between the last line of a text and a table or
table with the first line of text should be 1 x 1.5 line
spacing.
All tables must be listed in List of Tables page.

+
Single line:
Centred

Example:
Tables

1.5 line spacing

1.5 line spacing

Remember: Table and

Number must be in Bold.
Example:
Table 4.1 Liquid constituents
quantified by HLC

1.5 line spacing

>1 line:
Aligned to left

19

Example:
List of
Tables

1 inch
4 x single line
spacing
4 x single line
spacing
2 x single line
spacing

1.5
inch

1
inch

1 inch

20

Figures

21

All figures must be numbered using Arabic numerals.

A caption should be positioned at the BOTTOM of the
figure.
If caption is in a SINGLE line, it should be CENTRED. If
the caption more than a line, it should be ALIGN to
LEFT.
Figures must be numbered with respect to the chapter.
For example, Fig. 3.5 is the 5th Figure that appears in
Chapter 3.
The caption Figure and number must be in BOLD.
(Example: Fig. 4.1 Liquid constituents in LCMS)
Spacing between the last line of a text and a figure
should be 1 x 1.5 line spacing.
All figures must be listed in List of Figures page.

1.5 line spacing

Example:
Figures

1.5 line spacing

Single line:
Centred

Remember: Fig. and Number

must be in Bold.
Example:
Fig. 4.1 Experimental
apparatus 1
1.5 line spacing

>1 line:
Aligned to left

22

1 inch

Example:
List of
Figures

4 x single line
spacing
4 x single line
spacing
2 x single line
spacing

1.5
inch

1
inch

1 inch

23

+ Equations and Formulae

Equations and formulae should be typed clearly

using appropriate Equation editor.
Must be numbered in order with respect to the
chapter.
For example Equation 6.11 is the 11th equation
appears in Chapter 6.

24

+ Equation Editor

25

References

26

We are currently using APA (American

Psychological Association)
Referencing System.
Authors names are listed using
surname (Family name) followed by
initials.
We will focus on identifying surname
(family name) and also how to
reference journal articles, books and
online resources.

References: Journal Articles

27

In journal articles, the given names will most commonly be written first,
followed by the family name (or surname). For example below, the surname
is Savage. This journal only has 1 author.

In text citation:
Savage (1999) reported that Water near its critical point can serve as an
environmentally benign solvent, a reactant, and a catalyst in organic chemical reactions
OR
The ion product, or dissociation constant for water as it approaches the critical point, is
about 3 orders of magnitude higher than it is for ambient liquid water (Savage, 1999).

Reference List:
Savage, P.E. (1999). Organic chemical reaction in supercritical water. Chem. Rev. 99,
603621.

References: Journal Articles

28

For example below, the surnames are Sapawe and Hanafi. This journal has 2 authors.

In text citation:
Sapawe and Hanafi (2015) concludes Introduction of Zr and Zn onto HY zeolite by
electrochemical method shows excellent photodecolorization of methylene blue
OR
The study established a new structural model of catalyst (Sapawe & Hanafi, 2015).

Reference List:
Sapawe, N., & Hanafi, M.F. (2015). Facile one-pot electrosynthesis of high photoreactive
hexacoordinated Si with Zr and Zn catalyst. RSC Advances. 5, 635642.

References: Journal Articles

For example below, this journal has more than 2 authors.

29

In text citation:
The study by Sapawe et al. (2012) concludes The presence of more Si-O-Zr bonds in
the HY framework through isomorphous substitution inhibits the photoreaction
OR
Their study established that the production of methane gas from wood chips was
significantly enhanced by the pretreatment methods (Take et al., 2006).

Reference List:
Sapawe, N., Jalil, A.A., Triwahyono, S., Adam, S.H., Jaafar, N.F., & Satar, M.A.H. (2012).
Isomorphous substitution of Zr in the framework of aluminosilicate HY by an
electrochemical method: Evaluation by methylene blue decolorization. Appl. Catal. B:
Environ. 125, 311323.

References List: Book

30

Reference List:
Felder, R.M., & Rousseau, R.W. (2000). Elementary Principles of Chemical
Processes. (3rd Edition). New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

References List:
Article in a Book

31

Reference List:
Matsumura, Y., & Yong, T.L.K. (2014). Production of chemicals in supercritical water. In
Fang, Z., & Xu, C.C. (Ed), Near-critical and supercritical water and their applications for
biorefineries. (pg. 427437). New York: Springer

References List: Source from Internet

32

(www.nrel.gov/biomass/pdfs/42622.pdf).

Reference List:
Sluiter, A., Hames, B., Ruiz, R., Scarlata, C., Sluiter, J. & Templeton, D. (2008).
Determination of ash in biomass. [Online]. [Accessed 28-10-2014]. Available from
world wide web: www.nrel.gov/biomass/pdfs/42622.pdf.

1 inch

Reference List

33

1 x 1.5 line spacing

2nd line:
0.5 inch
indent

1.5
inch

Take note !
Addition to the
UniKL MICET Thesis
Manual

1 x 1.5 line spacing

1
inch

References
listed based
on
alphabetical
order

Tips to manage references database

Suggestions:
Named the source file with the
name of the author(s) and title

34

Thank You
Good Luck!
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