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    The Provisional Government and Rise of The Soviet: Dual Authority

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    The document summarizes the political situation in Russia in 1917 following the February Revolution, when both the Provisional Government and Petrograd Soviet vied for power in a period of "dual authority". It describes the establishment of the Provisional Government and its reforms, as well as the growing power of workers' soviets represented by the Petrograd Soviet. As the year progressed, the soviets' influence expanded across Russia, weakening the Provisional Government, which struggled to maintain control as the country moved towards the October Revolution.

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    The Provisional Government and Rise of The Soviet: Dual Authority

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    122 views22 pages
    The document summarizes the political situation in Russia in 1917 following the February Revolution, when both the Provisional Government and Petrograd Soviet vied for power in a period of "dual authority". It describes the establishment of the Provisional Government and its reforms, as well as the growing power of workers' soviets represented by the Petrograd Soviet. As the year progressed, the soviets' influence expanded across Russia, weakening the Provisional Government, which struggled to maintain control as the country moved towards the October Revolution.

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    The document summarizes the political situation in Russia in 1917 following the February Revolution, when both the Provisional Government and Petrograd Soviet vied for power in a period of "dual authority". It describes the establishment of the Provisional Government and its reforms, as well as the growing power of workers' soviets represented by the Petrograd Soviet. As the year progressed, the soviets' influence expanded across Russia, weakening the Provisional Government, which struggled to maintain control as the country moved towards the October Revolution.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    122 views22 pages

    The Provisional Government and Rise of The Soviet: Dual Authority

    Uploaded by

    api-317126828
    The document summarizes the political situation in Russia in 1917 following the February Revolution, when both the Provisional Government and Petrograd Soviet vied for power in a period of "dual authority". It describes the establishment of the Provisional Government and its reforms, as well as the growing power of workers' soviets represented by the Petrograd Soviet. As the year progressed, the soviets' influence expanded across Russia, weakening the Provisional Government, which struggled to maintain control as the country moved towards the October Revolution.

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    of 22

    The Provisional Government

    and Rise of the Soviet


    Dual Authority

    International Womens Day Protests, Petrograd


    23 Feb 1917

    Impact of the February Revolution


    The February Revolution had many striking features that distinguish it
    from other revolutionary upheavals. But the most striking of all was the
    remarkable rapidity with which the Russian state fell apart The
    instant the monarch withdrew the wires snapped and the whole
    structure collapsed in a heap.
    Richard Pipes, The Russian Revolution (1990)

    Soviet

    Provisional Government

    Provisional Government
    Made up of 12 members of the Duma
    Most supported constitutional monarchy
    Intended to be temporary

    Alexander Kerensky
    Socialist Revolutionary Party

    Prince Lvov
    Constitutional Democratic Party

    Provisional Government Reforms


    Basic freedoms of speech, press, assembly and unions
    Amnesty for political prisoners

    Socialist
    Revolutionaries

    Mensheviks
    Bolsheviks

    Petrograd Soviet

    February Revolution protesters


    Kronstadt
    Sailors

    Soldier
    Group

    Putilov
    Factory

    Other
    factories

    Postal
    Workers

    Rail
    Workers

    Soviet

    Provisional
    Government

    Countersign of Order

    Order

    Soldiers, Sailors, Factory


    Workers, Transport Workers,
    Postal Workers
    Petrograd Soviet Order No 1, 1 March 1917

    Dual Authority
    Soviet

    Provisional Government

    Must hold elections for a new


    Constituent Assembly

    Must hold elections for a new


    Constituent Assembly

    Key freedoms for the people

    Key freedoms for the people

    Only defensive operations in


    the war and end it ASAP
    without loss of Russian
    territory

    Continue full offensive


    commitment to the war

    Petrograd Soviet

    Kronstadt
    Sailors

    Soldier
    Group

    Putilov
    Factory

    Other
    factories

    Postal
    Workers

    Rail
    Workers

    Executive Committee of the Tiflis Soviet, 1917

    Congress of Soviets

    Petrograd Soviet
    Kronstadt
    Sailors

    Soldier
    Group

    Putilov
    Factory

    Other
    factories

    Riga Soviet

    Kiev Soviet
    Postal
    Workers

    Rail
    Workers

    Sailors

    Vologda Soviet

    Soldier
    Group

    Moscow Soviet
    Factory

    Perm Soviet

    Other
    factories

    Sailors

    Postal
    Workers

    Soldier
    Group

    Factory

    Rail
    Workers

    Other
    factories

    Postal
    Workers

    Rail
    Workers

    Pskov Soviet

    Omsk Soviet
    Kharkov Soviet
    Tomsk Soviet

    Tiflis Soviet

    AND MANY MORE

    Provisional
    Government

    Who had control of Russia in 1917?


    Christian suggests that the Provisional Government alienated its
    supporters rapidly by introducing policies aimed at pleasing both the
    upper-class and supporters of the Soviet.
    The result was to alienate both groups.
    David Christian, Power and Privilege (1989)

    Who had control of Russia during 1917?


    Lockhart wrote that neither the Duma nor the intelligentsia had any
    control of the situation. He indicates the February revolution had been
    a revolution of the people. Only the group able to meet the needs of
    the people would gain their support.
    RH Bruce Lockhart, Memoirs of a British Agent (1932)

    Who had control of Russia in 1917?


    Guchkov admitted the Provisional Government had no real power and
    the Soviet held the most important elements of actual power, such as
    troops, railroads, postal and telegraph service.
    Alexander Guchkov, the Minister for War in the Provisional
    Government, written in a letter dated 22 March 1917

    By July 1917, the Provisional Government was struggling to maintain


    control of Russia

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