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Form 5 Chapter 2
2003
Paper No.
P2
Type of
question
Question No
2004
P3
P2
E
2005
P3
P2
E
2006
P3
P2
E
2007
P3
P2
E
2008
P3
E
9
P2
E
S
4
P3
E
STRUCTURED QUESTIONS
1
SPM 2003/P2/Q4
Figure 4 shows the set-up of apparatus for the preparation of ethyl ethanoate from the
reaction of ethanol with ethanoic acid.
(a)
On the Liebig condenser in Figure 4, mark X to indicate the place where water flows
in and Y where water flows out.
[1 mark]
(b)
[2 marks]
(i) Name the reaction for the preparation of ethyl ethanoate.
.
[1 mark]
(ii) Write the chemical equation for the reaction in (c)(i).
(c)
.
[1 mark]
The experiment is repeated by replacing ethanol with propanol
.
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Form 5 Chapter 2
[1 mark]
(ii) State one physical property of the ester.
[1 mark]
(d)
The flow chart below shows the conversion of ethanol to ethane and ethanol to
ethanoic acid.
(i) Process I.
..
[1 mark]
(ii) Process II
(f)
[1 mark]
An alkene has a structural formula as shown below
SPM 2004/P2/Q6
Figure 6 shows the reaction in the preparation of margarine.
(a)
[1 mark]
(ii) State one effect of this process on the vegetable oil.
..
[1 mark
]
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(b)
Form 5 Chapter 2
(i) Name catalyst X and state the range of temperature Y in the production of
margarine.
Catalyst X:
Temperature Y: ........ oC.
[2 marks]
[Concept based on Chapter 1: Rate of reaction]
(ii) Based on the collision theory, explain the effect of catalyst X and temperature Y
in the production of margarine.
.
[3 marks]
(iii) Write the chemical formula for margarine in Figure 6.
[1 mark]
Name one example of a vegetable oil used in the production of margarine.
(c)
..
[1 mark]
3
SPM 2008/P2/Q4
The following information is about the compound C2H5OH.
Undergoes combustion
(a)
(b)
[1 mark]
What is the general formula for the homologous series of this compound?
..
[1 mark]
(c)
One mole of this compound undergoes complete combustion to form gas X and water
as shown below.
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Form 5 Chapter 2
(i)
(ii)
[1 mark]
What are the values of m and n?
m = ..
n = .
[2marks]
(d)
Compound C2H5OH reacts with ethanoic acid to produce compound Y which has a
sweet pleasant smell.
(i)
State the name of compound Y.
(ii)
[1 mark]
Draw the structural formula of compound Y.
[1 mark]
(e)
(ii)
...
[1 mark]
Draw an apparatus set-up for this dehydration reaction to collect ethane.
[2 marks]
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Form 5 Chapter 2
SPM 2008/P3/Q1
Diagram 1 shows three sets, Set I, Set II and Set III, of the apparatus set-up for an
experiment to investigate the effect of ethanoic acid and ammonia solution on the
coagulation of latex.
(a)
..
[3 marks]
(b)
Record the time taken for the latex to coagulate in Set I and Set III.
Set I : ..
Set III: ..
[3 marks]
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Form 5 Chapter 2
(c) Construct a table to record the time taken for coagulation in Set I and Set III.
[3 marks]
(d)
State one observation that can be obtained from each set of this experiment.
Set I: .
Set II: .
(e)
Set III: .
[3 marks]
State the operational definition for the coagulation of latex.
..
..
(f)
(g)
[3 marks]
For this experiment, state:
(i)
The manipulated variable
(ii)
(iii)
(i)
.
[3 marks]
Excess hydrochloric acid is added to the beaker in Set II after 2:00 p.m. What
observation can be made about the latex?
(ii)
.
[3 marks]
Explain the answer in 1(g)(i)
..
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Form 5 Chapter 2
..
.
[3 marks]
(h)
(i)
.
[3 marks]
(i)
[Concept: F5 Chapter 1: Rate of reaction]
Explain why the latex in Set I coagulates faster than the latex in Set III.
..
(ii)
..
[3 marks]
The following is a list of chemical substances:
Nitric acid
Sodium hydroxide
Methanoic acid
Potassium hydroxide
Classify these substances into substances that can coagulate latex and
substances that cannot coagulate latex.
[3 marks]
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Form 5 Chapter 2
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
Heat supplied is uniform (or prevents the solution from evaporating too fast)
(i)
Esterification
(ii)
C2H5OH + CH3COOH CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
(i)
Propyl ethanoate
(ii)
[Note: Choose any one of the following answers]
1. Fruity smell
2. Colourless liquid
3. Low boiling point (volatile) 4. Insoluble in water
(i)
C2H5OH C2H4 + H2O
(ii)
C2H5OH + 2[O] CH3COOH + H2O
Butane
Question 2 2004/P2/Q6
(a) (i)
Hydrogenation
(ii)
Vegetable oil changes from liquid to solid (or changes vegetable oil from unsaturated
fats to saturated fats or changes double bond in vegetable oil molecule to single
bond)
(b) (i)
Catalyst X : Nickel (or platinum)
Temperature : 100oC (or 200oC)
1. Presence of catalyst reduces the activation energy
(ii)
2. At a high temperature, particles possess high kinetic energy and
3. hence effective collision increases and rate of reaction increases
(iii)
or
(c)
Palm oil (or coconut oil or corn oil or other named oil example)
Question 3 2008/P2/Q4
(a) Ethanol
(b) CnH2n+1OH
(c) (i)
Carbon dioxide
(ii)
m=3 ,n=2
(d) (i)
Ethyl ethanoate
(ii)
(e)
(i)
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Form 5 Chapter 2
(ii)
Question 4 2008/P3/Q1
(a) Acid coagulates latex while alkali does not coagulate latex.
(b) Set I: 5 minutes
Set II: 6 hours or 300 minutes
(c)
Set
Time taken / minute
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)
III
300
(i)
Latex in Set I coagulates faster than the latex in Set III because the concentration
of H+ ions is higher in Set I.
(ii)
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Form 5 Chapter 2
2003
Paper No.
P2
Type of
question
Question No
2004
P3
P2
E
2005
P3
P2
E
2006
P3
P2
E
2007
P3
P2
E
2008
P3
E
9
P2
E
S
4
P3
E
S
1
2004/P2/Section B/Q2
Figure 2.1 shows changes of a carbon compound involving a series of reactions.
(a)
(b)
[4 marks]
Carbon 85.7%
Hydrogen 14.3%
Relative molecular mass = 42
Relative atomic mass of H = 1 and C = 12
(i)
Table 2.2 shows the results of a test to differentiate between alkene Y and
propane.
Procedure
Observation
Bromine water is
added to alkene Y
Brown colour is
decolourized
Bromine water is
added to propane
10
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Form 5 Chapter 2
(ii)
Procedure
Observation
SPM 2007/P2/Q9
(a) Diagram 9 shows how compound G is formed from an alkene.
Alkene + H2O
Phosphoric acid
300oC, 60 atm
Compound F
Porcelain chips
Heat
Compound G + H2O
(i)
Diagram 9
Name one alkene that has less than four carbon atoms. Draw its structural
formula
[2 marks]
(ii)
(iii)
11
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Form 5 Chapter 2
[6 marks]
(b)
Alkene, alcohols and carboxylic acids are three different homologous series.
Construct a table to show the general formula, the functional group and the name
of a member in each of the series.
[10 marks]
SPM 2004/P3/Q3
The fruits in Figure 3.1 produce natural esters which have various tastes and scents.
FIGURE 3.1
Esters can be produced in the laboratory when an alcohol reacts with a carboxylic
acid.
Table 3.2 shows types of alcohol and carboxylic acid used to produce various esters.
These esters have a similar scent to the esters in fruits.
Alcohol
Ethanol
Methanol
Octanol
Pentanol
Carboxylic acid
Butanoic acid
Butanoic acid
Ethanopic acid
Ethanoic acid
Ester
Ethyl butanoate
Methyl butanoate
Octyl ethanoate
Pentyl ethanoate
Fruit
Pineapple
Apple
Orange
Banana
TABLE 3.2
You are required to prepare two different types of ester using the same carboxylic
acid with different alcohols. The two esters must be chosen from those shown in Table
3.2.
Use the information in Table 3.2 to plan a laboratory experiment to prepare the esters
and describe their scents.
Your explanation should include all the followings:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
12
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1.
Form 5 Chapter 2
SPM 2006/P3/Q2
Diagram 2 shows the stretching phases of a vulcanized rubber and an unvulcanized
rubber strands.
Plan an experiment to compare one characteristic shown in Diagram 2 for both types
of rubber.
Your planning should include the following aspects:
(a) Aim of experiment
(b) All the variables
(c) Statement of the hypothesis
(d) List of substances and apparatus
(e) Procedure of the experiment
(f) Tabulation of data.
[17 marks]
13
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Form 5 Chapter 2
Propan-1-ol
(b)
Propan-2-ol
(i)
85.7
No. of mol of carbon atom = 12 = 7.083
14.3
No. of mol of hydrogen atom = 1 = 14.1
No. of mol of carbon atom
No. of mol of hydrogen atom
1
7.083
(integer)
14.3 2 (integer)
(c)
(iii)
(iv)
Propene
CnH2n
(i)
(ii)
Question 2 2007/P2/Q9
(a)
(i)
14
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Ethene
Form 5 Chapter 2
(ii)
Compound F is ethanol
Compound G is ethene
(iii)
Homologous
series
Alkene
CnH2n
Alcohol
CnH2n+1OH
Carboxylic
acid
CnH2n+1COOH
General formula
Functional group
Carbon carbon
double bonds
(or C = C)
Hydroxyl group
(or OH )
Carboxyl group
(or COOH)
Member
Ethene
Ethanol
Ethanoic acid
Question 3 2004/P3/Q3
(a) Aim
To prepare two different types of ester using the same carboxylic acid with
different alcohols and describe their scents.
(b)
Hypothesis
Different alcohol produces different ester.
(c)
Substances
Methanol, ethanol, butanoic acid, concentrated sulphuric acid.
Apparatus
Measuring cylinder, test tubes, beakers, round bottom flask, Bunsen burner, dropper,
retort stand, test tube holder, condenser Liebig
(d)
Procedure
1. Using a measuring cylinder, 25 cm3 of methanol and 50 cm3 of butanoic acid is
separately measured and poured into a round bottom flask.
2. The mixture is then stirred.
3. Using a dropper, 10 drops of concentrated sulphuric acid is added and the
15
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Form 5 Chapter 2
Tabulation of data
Alcohol
Carboxylic acid
Scent
Question 4 2006/P3/Q2
(a) Aim of experiment
To compare the elasticity of vulcanized and unvulcanized rubber.
(b)
(c)
(d)
Substances
Vulcanized rubber strip, unvulcanized rubber strip
Apparatus
Retort stand and clamps, Bulldog clips, metre rule, 50 g weight
(e)
Procedure
[Please refer to Practical chemistry book page 63 for complete diagram and
procedure.]
(f)
Tabulation of data
Length with weight
/cm
Initial length / cm
Vulcanized
rubber
Unvulcanized
rubber
16