Techno

logy

Activated Sludge
.

(bulking sludge
problem)

()

(
Jenkins et al., 1993 ATV working group 2.6.1, 1989)

>>> 064

August-September 2010, Vol.37 No.212

Energy & Environment Techno

logy

4.

Casey et al. (1994)
F/M ratio
Anoxic/Oxic

2.0 /

>>

>>

1. Ultrasonic Technique

Ultrasonic
Chu
et al. (2001) Ultrasonic

Ultrasonic

2.

(completely-mixed)
Step Feed
(plug-flow) (
1)
(Michael, 2003)

3.

Positive Displacement Pump Screw Pump

1.


Synthesis Polymer

Cationic
Anionic Polymer
Polymer
Jar Test

( 2)
Polymer Overdose

2 Jar Test Polymer

August-September 2010, Vol.37 No.212

065 <<<

Techno Energy & Environment

logy

Inorganic Coagulant
Ferric Chloride Alum ()
SVI
Finger (1973) Alum
60 / 3
SVI 130 / 90
/
3
2.

By-Product Trihalomethane

3. Hydrogen Peroxide
H2O2


(rapid mixing)
H2O2
Oxidation/Reduction




4.
(H2S) Long Chain Fatty Acid
Fat, Oil Soap (ATV working group
2.6.1, 1989) (
) >>> 066

August-September 2010, Vol.37 No.212

Thiothrix
Type 021N
5.

100 : 5 : 1

6.

7.

>>

Selector

(loading) Floc-Former
Floc-Former
(Michael, 2003)
3


Secondary
Clarifier
Selectors

Secondary
Main Aeration
Effluent

Basin



RAS



(selector)
WAS
3 :Jenskins

et al. (1993)




3
( , 2539)
1. (aerobic selector)

2. (anoxic selector)

Energy & Environment Techno

logy

3. (anaerobic selector)
(fermentation)

Jenskins et al. (1993)

1. F/M ratio
F/M 3 / MLSS/ SVI
100-150 /
2.

Floc-Former
FlocFormer
3. 50-60
O2/ MLVSS/ 15-25
1-2 /
4.


10 30
SVI
-

Michael (2003)

15-30
70-80
Still et al. (1996)
1

Selectors Effective
S.natans
Type 1701
N.limicola
H.hydrossis
Type 021N
Thiothrix spp.
Type 1851
Nocadia spp.

Readily Biodegradable
COD


F/M ratio

S. natans
Thiothrix spp.
Kinetic Models

Chevakidagarn (2002)

(32 )
SVI
Mamais et al. (1998)

Microthrix parvicella
Fainsod (1999)

Nocardia Forming


Jenskins et al. (1993)

1

Selectors Not Always Effective

Type 0041
Type 0675
Type 0092
M.parvicella

: Jenskins et al. (1993)

August-September 2010, Vol.37 No.212

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Techno Energy & Environment

logy

Techno

logy

1. . 2539.
. :
.
2. ATV Working Group 2.6.1. 1989.
Prevention and Control of Bulking Sludge and
scum. ATV Technical Committee 2.6.1. (aerobic
biological wastewater treatment processes).
Korrespondenz Abwasser 36: 165-175.
3. Casey, T.G., Wentzel, M.C., Ekama,
G.A., Loewenthal, R.E. and Marais, G.v.R. 1994. An
Hypothesis For The Cause And Control Of AnoxicAerobic (Aa) Filament Bulking In Nitrogen
Removal Activated Sludge System. Wat. Sci. Tech.
29(7): 203-212.

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August-September 2010, Vol.37 No.212

4. Chevakidagarn, P. 2002. Upgrading

The Conventional Activated Sludge Process Under
Tropical Temperature Conditions, Dissertation,
Ruhr-Universitaet Bochum, Germany.
5. Chu, L. B., Zhang, W. X., Li, X. and
Yang, F. W. 2005. Simultaneous Removal Of
Organic Substances And Nitrogen Using A
Membrane Bioreactor Seeded With Anaerobic
Granular Sludge Under Oxygen-Limited Conditions. Desalination 172: 271-280.
6. Eikelboom, D.H., Andreadakis, A.
and Andreasen, K. 1998. Survey Of Filamentous
Populations In Nutrient Removal Plants In Four
European Countries. Journal Water Science and
Technology. 37(4/5): 281-289.
7. Fainsod, A., Pagilla, K.R., Jenkins,
D., Pitt, P.A. and Mamais, D. 1999. The Effect Of
Anaerobic Selectors On Nocardioform Organism
Growth In Activated Sludge. Wat. Env. Res. 71(6):
1151-1157.
8. Finger, R.E. 1973. Solids Control In
Activated Sludge Plants With Alum. J.Wat.
Polln.Control Fedn., 45: 1654.

9. Jenkins D., Richard M.G. and

Daigger G.T. 1993. Manual on the Causes and
Control of Activated Sludge Bulking and Foaming.
Second edition. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton Ann
Arbor London Tokyo
10. Michael Richard. 2003. Activated
Sludge Microbiology Problems And Their Control.
Presented at the 20 th Annual USEPA National
Operator Trainers Conference. Buffalo, NY, June 8,
2003.
11. Still, DA., Ekama, GA., Wentzel,
MC., Casey, TG and Marais, GvR. 1996. Filamentous organism bulking in nutrient removal activated
sludge system. Paper 2: Stimulation of the selector
effect under aerobic conditions. Water SA. 22(2):
97-114.