Hypothetical

Syllogisms
Text

Text

Hypothetical
Syllogisms
is a syllogism that contains a hypothetical
statement as one of its premises.
Example:
If I do not wake up, then I cannot go to
work. If I cannot go to work, then I will not
get paid.

Text

Hypothetical
Syllogisms

KINDS OF HYPOTHETICAL SYLLOGISM

Conditional Syllogism (If, then)
Disjunctive Syllogism (Either, or)
Conjunctive Syllogism (Not both, and)

Text

Conditional
Syllogisms

is a syllogism in which the major premise

is a conditional statement.
TYPES OF CONDITIONAL SYLLOGISM
Mixed Conditional
Purely Conditional

Text

Conditional
Syllogisms

A conditional statement is a compound statement of

which one member (the then clause) asserts
something as true on the condition that the other
member (the if clause) is true.
If it is raining, the ground will be wet.
- The if clause or its equivalent is called the
antecedent.
- The then clause or its equivalent is called the
consequent.

Text

Rules on Conditional
Syllogism
1.

Modus ponens
-If the antecedent is true and the sequence is valid, the
consequent is true.
Example:
If it rains, then the ground will be wet.

A>C

It rained
Therefore, the ground is wet.

A
C

Text

Rules on Conditional
Syllogism
2. Modus Tollens
-If the consequent is false and the sequence is valid, the
antecedent is false.
Example:
If it rains, then the ground will be wet.
The ground is not wet
Therefore, it did not rain.

A>C
--C
--A

Text

Rules on Conditional
Syllogism
3. The fallacy of denying the antecedent
A conditional syllogism is invalid if the minor premise denies the
antecedent.
Example:
If it rains, then the ground will be wet.
It did not rain.
Therefore, the ground is not wet.

A>C
--A
--C

Text

Rules on Conditional
Syllogism
3. The fallacy of affirming the consequent
A conditional syllogism is invalid if the minor premise denies the
antecedent.
Example:
If it rains, then the ground will be wet.

A>C

The ground is wet.

Therefore, it rained.