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Permutation Combination
Permutation Combination
Multiplication
Rules
PERMUTATIONS
The order of the
in the chosen
AND objects
set is ____ taken
into consideration
COMBINATIONS
Permutations
Combinations
NAME:
If event.
A occurs in r
CLASS:
The number of combination
of r objects taken from n
different objects given
PERMUTATIONS
AND
The
number of permutations
The number of
permutation of n different
objects is n! where
n! = n( n-1)( n-2)x2x1
COMBINATIONS
Permutations
Multiplication Rule
If event A can occur in r possible ways and event B can occur in s possible
ways, there are r x s possible ways for both events to occur.
Examples
1. Liens Shoe Shops sells 7 different styles of sport shoes, each available in 2
colors (black or brown). How many combinations of color and style are there?
2. If there are 4 ways to go from Pulau Pinang to Kuala Lumpur and there are 3
ways to go from Kuala Lumpur to Batu Pahat, how many different ways are
there to go from Pulau Pinang, passing through Kuala Lumpur?
1.
Sarah has 3 blouses, 2 scarves and 4 pairs of Skirts. How many different
outfits can she put together?
2.
Mr. Nathan wants to create a 3-digit lock combination for his security box
and the digits may be repeated. How many different combinations are
possible?
Exercise
2. Determining the number of permutations of n different objects
2
PERMUTATION
A permutation is an arrangement of objects in different orders.
The order of the arrangement is important.
FACTORIAL
For any positive integer n,
n! = n (n 1)(n 2) (n 3) ...(3)(2)(1)
n! = n P n
0! = 1
Examples
1. 3! =
2. 10! =
3. How many ways are there to lay six balls with the colors of purple, blue,
pink, orange, green and yellow?
Exercise
3. Determining the number of permutations of n different objects taken r at
a time
Pr
n!
n r !
Examples
1.
A key pad lock has 10 different digits. How many possible codes are there
if a sequence of 5 different digits must be chosen in order to open the lock?
2.
3.
A manager is supposed to send two of his five workers to two newly set-up
departments (either Department A or Department B). How many different
choices does he have?
4.
5.
How many 4-digit numerals can be made from the digits of 2345678 if a
digit can appear just once in a numeral?
Exercise
Skill Practice 3 (Page 150)
2. In how many ways can a bride and a groom line up for a photograph
together with their 5 family members if the bride and groom must stand next
to each other?
3. How many 5-digit odd numbers can you make of the digit 0, 5, 6, 7, 8?
2.
3.
Seven boys and six girls are the numbers of the Chess Club. In how many
ways can a president, a vice president, a secretary, and a treasurer be elected
if the president and treasurer must be boys and the vice-president and
secretary must be girls?
In how many ways can Julie arrange 5 letters from the word SELANGOR
if she
must choose a vowel as the first letter and every letter can appear just once?
4.
Pn. Renita has 5 different figurines and 6 different display plates. She
wants to arrange in a line 3 of the figurines and 2 of the display plates on hr
console table. In how many ways can she arrange the figurines and the
display plates if the figurines must be placed together and the display plates
must be placed together?
5.
If a four digit number is formed from the digit 56789 with no repetitions,
how many of these four digit numbers will have values between 5000 and
8000?
Cr
n!
r!(n r )!
Examples:
1.
There are three types of fruits: apple, banana and chiku. Damia wants to
eat any two of the fruits. How many choices does Damia have in selecting
the fruits she wants to eat?
2.
In how many ways can Lucy select a sample of five chocolates from a box
of nine chocolates?
3.
Ravi has, in his pocket, a 50 sen coin, a 20 sen coin, a 10 sen coin, a 5
sen coin and a 1 sen coin. If he reaches into his pocket and pulls out two
coins, how many different selections may he have?
4.
In how many ways can a committee of twelve people elect three leaders,
whose duties are all the same?
5. In how many ways can En. Rahman pick 11 soccer players out of 20-player
team?
Examples:
1.
A bag contains 6 yellow marbles and 3 blues marbles. In how many ways
can Angie draw 5 yellow marbles and 2 blue marbles from the bag?
2.
3.
4.
There are 10 top managers in a company. How many ways are there to
form a decision group of 7 top managers if it must consist of the President
and Vice President?
possible
arrangements
(a) if all the three boys have to be seated together.
(b) a boy has to be seated at the centre.
Answer:
(a)5040 (b)2880
2. Find the number of the arrangement of all nine letters of word SELECTION in
which
the two letters E are not next to each other
Answer:282240
3. Calculate the number of four digit even number can be formed from the digits
3, 4, 5,
6 and 9 without repetitions.
Answer:48
4. Three alphabets are chosen from the word WALID. Find the number of
possible
choice if
6.
Refrigerators
Refrigerators
TV
TV
TV
Diagram 1
A code is to be formed using those letters and digits. The code must consist
of 3
letters followed by 2 digits. How many codes can be formed if no letter or digit
is
repeated in each code ?
Answer:144
8. A debating team consists of 5 students. These 5 students are chosen from 4
monitors,
2 assistant monitors and 6 prefects. Calculate the number of different ways
the team
can be formed if (a) there is no restriction
(b) the team contains only one monitor and exactly 3
prefects
Answer:
(a)792 (b)160
10
A code is to be formed using those letters and digits. The code must consist of 3
letters followed by 2 digits. How many codes can be formed if no letter or digit is
repeated in each code ?
[ 3 marks]
4 boys
ii.
[ 4 marks]
2004,Paper 1
3. Diagram below five cards of different letters.
11
i.
ii.
[ 4 marks]
2005, Paper 1
4. A debating team consists of 5 students. These 5 students are chosen from 4
monitors, 2 assistant monitors and 6 prefects. Calculate the number of different
ways the team can be formed if
i.
There is no restriction
ii.
12
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