Separation Processes

CHE-309

LLE Equipments
Lecture (20)

Topic Covered

Seader, 2nd edn, CH 8, Section 8.1.

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Equipments Classification

Mechanical
Agitated

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Fluid
Movement

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(A) Fluid Movement

Mixer Settler

Spray Column
A

Packed Column
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Plate Column
4

Mixer Settler

Mixing

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Settling

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MIXER

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Mixing step is done in an

agitated vessel.
One liquid phase is
dispersed in the form of
small droplets into other
liquid phase.
Emulsion is taken out after
specific interval.

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SETTLER

Settling step is performed in a separate vessel.

Vessel is called as settler or decanter.
Settling is achieved by gravity.

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Problem in Settling
Due to intense mixing , the droplet size falls
below 1-1.5um.
This will increase the settling time.
To overcome this issue, coalescers, chemical
treatment or electrostatic forces are applied.

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Spray Column
Spray nozzles are used to generate droplets of
dispersed phase.
Large throughput can be handled.
Due to back-mixing, rarely used.
Useful for system that needs 1/2 stages.
Low cost.

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Spray Column

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10

Packed Column
Packings are used as they improve mass
transfer by increasing interfacial area.
It also has problem of back-mixing.
Used for few stages.

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11

(B) Mechanical Devices

High
surface
tension

Mechanical
Devices
Low
density
difference

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Assignment # 3
Write a brief summary of the following;
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Plate column
Scheibel Column
Rotating Disk Contractor
Karr Column
POD Extractor
Design Considerations for LLE (Equipment+
Solvent)

Deadline: 10May2016 ( 11:00 am) [ Hard+ Soft Form]

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13