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    Abhinav
    This document discusses an embedded system project that controls relays. It begins with introductions to embedded systems, their characteristics and classifications. It then describes the hardware and software components used in the project, including a transformer, voltage regulator, microcontroller, LCD, relay driver, and relays. The schematic diagram and working of the system are explained. Testing procedures and future improvements are also outlined. The document provides an overview of the key elements and functioning of an embedded relay control system.

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    Contents

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    Abhinav
    13 views4 pages
    This document discusses an embedded system project that controls relays. It begins with introductions to embedded systems, their characteristics and classifications. It then describes the hardware and software components used in the project, including a transformer, voltage regulator, microcontroller, LCD, relay driver, and relays. The schematic diagram and working of the system are explained. Testing procedures and future improvements are also outlined. The document provides an overview of the key elements and functioning of an embedded relay control system.

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    This document discusses an embedded system project that controls relays. It begins with introductions to embedded systems, their characteristics and classifications. It then describes the hardware and software components used in the project, including a transformer, voltage regulator, microcontroller, LCD, relay driver, and relays. The schematic diagram and working of the system are explained. Testing procedures and future improvements are also outlined. The document provides an overview of the key elements and functioning of an embedded relay control system.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    13 views4 pages

    Contents

    Uploaded by

    Abhinav
    This document discusses an embedded system project that controls relays. It begins with introductions to embedded systems, their characteristics and classifications. It then describes the hardware and software components used in the project, including a transformer, voltage regulator, microcontroller, LCD, relay driver, and relays. The schematic diagram and working of the system are explained. Testing procedures and future improvements are also outlined. The document provides an overview of the key elements and functioning of an embedded relay control system.

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    of 4

    CONTENTS

    CHAPTER

    PAGE NO.

    1.INTRODUCTION........1
    2.INTRODUCTION TO EMBEDDED SYSTEM2
    2.1.WHAT IS EMBEDDED SYSTEM...2
    2.2. SYSTEM DESIGN CALL2
    2.3. EMBEDDED SYSTEM CYCLE..3
    2.4. CHRACTERISTICS OF EMBEDDED SYSTEM3-4
    2.5. APPLICATION.4
    2.6. CLASSIFICATION...4
    2.7. RTS CLASSIFICATION...4
    2.7.1. HARD REAL TIME SYSTEM.4
    2.7.2. SOFT REAL TIME SYSTEM..5

    3.PROJECT BLOCK DIAGRAM...6


    4.HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS..7
    5.TRANSFORMER.8
    5.1 IDEAL POWER EQUATION..9

    6.VOLTAGE REGULATOR 7805.10


    6.1 FEATURES...............................................................................................................10
    6.2 DISCRIPTION...10
    6.3 INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAM.....................................................11
    6.4 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RANGE..................11

    7.RECTIFIERS..12
    8.FILTERS.13

    9.ATMEGA 328P...14
    9.1.TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS...15
    9.2.ATMEGA328P BLOCK DIAGRAM.17-18
    9.3.APPLICATION18

    10.ARDUINO UNO.19-20
    10.1.POWER..21
    10.2.MEMORY..21
    10.3.INPUT AND OUTPUT..22
    10.4.COMMUNICATION.23
    10.5.PROGRAMMING..23
    10.6.USB OVER CIRCUIT PROTECTION..24
    10.7.PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS...24
    10.8.AUTOMATIC (SOFTWARE) RESET.24-25
    10.9.DEVELOPMENT...25
    10.10.HARDWARE..25-27
    10.11.SOFTWARE27-28
    10.12.APPLICATION28

    11.LCD29
    11.1.DISCRIPTION...29
    11.2.PROS..29
    11.3.LCD BACKGROUND...29
    11.4.44780 LCD BACKGROUND...30-31

    12.ULN200332
    12.1.RELAY DRIVER...32
    12.2.DISCRIPTION32

    12.3.FEATURES33
    12.4.PIN DIAGRAM34-35
    12.5.FEATURES OF DRIVER..35

    13.RELAY.36-38
    13.1.APPLICATION OF RELAY.38

    14.DIODE(IN4003)39
    14.1.PN-JUNCTION OPERATION..40
    14.2.CURRENT FLOW IN N TYPE MATTERIAL.40
    14.3.CURRENT FLOW IN P TYPE MATTERIAL..41

    15. RESISTORS...42-43
    15.2 UNITS44

    16.CAPACITOR...45-47
    16.1.THEORY OF OPERATION.47-48
    16.2.ENERGY STORAGE.48
    16.3.CURRENT VOLTAGE RELATION.49

    17. SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM.50


    17.1.OPERATION..51
    17.1.1.POWER SUPPLY...51
    17.1.2.ULN200351
    17.1.3.RESISTOR AND SWITCH(CABLE PART).52

    17.2.OPERATION PROCEDURE..53

    18. ALGORITHM &


    FLOWCHART..54
    18.1 ALGORITHM..54
    18.2 FLOWCHART.....54

    19.HARDWARE TESTING.55
    19.1.CONTINUITY TEST.55
    19.2.POWER ON TEST56

    20.CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE...57


    20.1 CONCLUSION..57
    20.2 FUTURE SCOPE57

    REFERENCES..58

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