Benchmark#5:AnsweringYourResearchQuestions

DueDate:May13,2016

Directions:
UsingyourresearchandCornellNotes,use
thebest
informationyoufoundfrom
yoursourcestoansweryourresearchquestions.Followthestepsbelow:

1) CopyandpastethesourcesyouusedforyournotesintotheSourceboxandnumber
eachsource
2) Takethequestionsyouusedduringyourresearchandpasteonequestionintoeachrow
onthelefthandside
3) Answerthequestionsontherighthandsideofthetable(providesourcenumbersfor
whereyoufoundyouranswers)
4) Figureoutwhatyouandyourgroupstillneedstolearnandresearchmoreaboutand
whatnewquestionsyouhave.

Mr.RutherfordsExample:

Sources
1)
http://education.nationalgeographic.org/activity/technologyandcontrolancientrom
e/
2)
http://rome.mrdonn.org/achievements.html
3)
http://rome.mrdonn.org/romanroads.html
4)
http://www.knowtheromans.co.uk/Categories/SubCatagories/Inventions/
5)
http://www.history.com/news/historylists/10innovationsthatbuiltancientrome
6)
http://www.historyforkids.net/romanscience.html
7)
http://www.scientiareview.org/pdfs/258.pdf
8)
http://www.ducksters.com/history/ancient_roman_engineering.php
9)
http://www.ngkids.co.uk/history/10factsabouttheancientRomans
10)
http://www.dkfindout.com/us/history/ancientrome/

QuestionsandAnswers:
1)Whatinventions/innovations TheRomansinventedandinnovatedaqueducts,roads,arches,
didtheancientRomans
amphitheatersandconcrete.(Sources1,3,5)TheRomansalso
create?
inventedandinnovatedsewersystemsandtheJulianCalendar
(Sources2,4)

Whatdoyoustillneedtolearnmoreabout?
Questionyoustillhave:

HowweretheRomaninventionsbuilt?

Informationyoustillneedtolearn

Istillneedtolearnmoreabouthowthese

WhatmaterialsdidtheRomansusetobuildthese
inventions

inventionsworkedandwhattheywereusedfor.
Ialsoneedtofindoutthecausesofbuildingthese
inventionsandinnovationsandtheeffectsthese
innovationshadonRomans
.

YourWork

Sources

http://www.ancient.eu/Punic_Wars/
http://www.ancientmilitary.com/romanweapons.htm
http://www.primaryhomeworkhelp.co.uk/romans/weapons.html
http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/ancientrome/theromanarmyandwarfare/
http://www.primaryhomeworkhelp.co.uk/romans/equipment.html
http://www.primaryhomeworkhelp.co.uk/romans/formation.html
http://www.ducksters.com/history/ancient_roman_wars_battles.php
http://www.ducksters.com/history/ancient_roman_wars_battles.php

QuestionsandAnswers:
Questions

Answers(Source#)

WhatancientRoman
generalsandemperors
wereinvolvedduringthe
Romanwars?

WithintheRomanswars,KingHieroIIofSyracuse(akingwhoasked
CarthageandRomeforhelp)andCarthaginianGeneralHamilcarBarca
(GeneralwhofoughtforCarthagetocontrolSicily)wereinvolvedduring
the1stPunicWar.Also,CarthaginianGeneralHannibal(defeated
severalarmiesinseparatebattles,andbroughtwarelephantsacrossthe
AlpstodestroyRomeoneofGeneralHamilcarBarcasson)inthe2nd
PunicWar.Andlastly,RomanGeneralScipioAfricanus(attacked
Carthageforthreeyearsandburneditintotheground)wasinvolvedin
the3ndPunicWar.(Sources#1,2,3,).

WhatwereancientRoman
warequipment?

TheancientRomanlegionariesusedgreatequipmentthathelped
themselvessurviveandstayalivethroughoutwarsandbattles.Suchas
thegladius(mostusedswordforslashingandstabbing),spatha(a
longerswordusedforthrusting),pilum(aspearthatcangothroughthe
shieldandkillthepersonbehinditwhenthrown),hasta(spearthatis6.5
feetlongwithanironheadandashaftmadeofash),pugio(dagger),

plumbata(dart),javelin(longspearforgreatdistances),sagittarius
(compositebows),cassis(helmetusedforprotectionanddesignednot
toblockthepersonsview),loricasegmentata(flexiblebutheavyarmor
thatismadeofmetalstripsgrasptogetherwithleatherstraps),focale
andcingulum(scarfandtunicusedforextraprotection),scutum
(semicircleshielddesignedforthesoldiertodeflectanweapontoone
side),redbattlecloak,andcaligae(strongandlightfootwear,having
hobnailsinthesolestohelpthemsurvivemilesofmarching)(Sources#
3,4,5,7).

WhatwerePunicwar
customs?

OneofthePunicwarcustomswasthattheCarthaginiansusedwar
elephantstodefeatRomanlegionaries.(Source#1)

Whowereinvolvedduring
theancientRomanwars?

DuringtheBattleofCynoscephalae,MacedonianandRomanarmies
fought.Additionally,inthe3rdServileWar,Spartacusandhisrebellion
foughtagainstRomansoldiers.WhileinCaesarsCivilWar,Julius
CaesarfoughttheRomanSenatetoendtheRomanRepublic.Also,the
BattleofActiumwasawaraboutOctaviansarmycommandedby
MarcusAgrippafightingMarcAnthonyandQueenCleopatraVIIsforces,
whichresultedOctaviantobethefirstemperorofRome.(Sources#2)

WhatcausedthePunic
Wars?

ThePunicWarswereaseriesofbattlesbetweenCarthageandRome,
andiscausedbydevelopmentandpoweroftheirempire.The1stPunic
WarwascausedbecauseofcontrolandpoweroverSicily.Whilethe2nd
PunicWaroccursincebothRomeandCarthagewanttoconquerSpain.
Andlastlythe3rdPunicWar,whichwascausedbyabrokentreaty
amongRomeandCarthage.(Source#1,2,3)

Whathappenedafterthe
PunicWars?

AfterthePunicWars,Romealteredintoanempire,givingthemgreat
powertoconquernationsandcountries,whileCarthagewasdestroyed.
(Source#1)

Whatorwhowere
assistantsintheRoman
army?

Auxiliarieswhoareparttimesoldiers,aidedandassistedlegionaries
duringbattle(Source#8)

Howmanymenwereinawar?

ARomanarmyledbyalegatusconsist5000to6000legionaries
(soldiers),whileacohorthas500to600legionaries,and80to100
soldierswerecommandedbyacenturion(Source#8).

Howwerementrained?

Romanarmyrecruitsweretrainedseverely,theywerepunishedifthey
failedintrainingsessions.Butwheninbattle,theywereinthefrontto
gainexperience,confidence,andcourage.(Source#8)

ADDMOREROWSFORQUESTIONSIFYOUNEEDTO.


Whatdoyoustillneedtolearnmoreabout?
Questionsyoustillhave:

WhatinventionsdidtheRomansused
duringwar?
Howmanymenwereusedduringwar?
WhatcausedotherRomanWarsbesides
thePunicWars?
WhatwereadditionalRomanwarfare
tactics?
WhowereassassinatedduringtheRoman
wars?
HowwereancientRomanwareducations
systemsused?
WhowerefamousRomangeneralsand
emperors?
Howweaponswereused?
WhathappenedafterRomanwars?
Howmanygeneralswereinawar?
WhowereRomanlegionariesthatfought
onseas?
Whathappenedtogeneralsafterwar?

Informationyoustillneedtolearn

Ineedtolearnhowandwhyweretheseinventionsused
forwar.
Ialsoneedtolearninformationonhowmanymenwere
usedinwar.
IneedtolearnwhatcausedotherRomanWars.
IneedtolearnmoreRomanwarfaretactics.
Ineedtolearnaboutfamousleaderswhowere
assassinatedduringtheRomanwars.
IneedtolearnhowwereancientRomanwareducations
wereused.
IneedtolearnfamousRomangeneralsandemperors.
IneedtolearnhowRomanweaponswereused.
IneedtolearnwhathappenedaftertheRomanwars.
Ineedtolearnhowmanygeneralswereinawar.
IneedtolearninformationaboutRomanlegionariesthat
foughtoverseas.
Ineedtolearnaboutgeneralsafterwar.