ABDOMINAL SIGN AND

SYMPTOMS
General Surgery.

Common S/S
1.Dyspepsia
2.Indigestion
3.Dysphagia
4.Odynophagia

Nausea
Vomiting
Retching
Sweating
Salivation
Pallor

5.Flatulence

Alarm-features of suggestive
Disease

Dysphagia
Weight loss
Protracted vomiting
Anorexia
Hematemesis
Malena

Causes of Vomiting

CNS related Raised intracranial pressure

vestibular disturbance
Migraine

Antibiotics

Chemotherapy
Digoxin
Immunotherapy
Incretion
Levodopa

Characteristics of the
Abdominal Pain

Site
Intensity
Duration frequency
Aggravating And reliving factors
Associated Symptoms including non
gastrointestinal symptom
Abdominal Wall involved pain:
Nerve Entrapment
External Hernias

Clinical Examination

Inspection
Abdominal Distension(Due to faeces if it is then we must

look for it)

Palpation
A succussion Splash suggest( Gastric outlet obstruction)

If the patient has not drunk for 2-3 hrs. The splash fluid
in the stomach can be heard with a stethoscope.

Percussion
Fluid thrill and shifting dullness is done to diagnose

ascites.

Auscultation
Bowel sound sometimes necessary to check bowel

movement.(Intestinal Obstruction)

Examination of the colon

Proctoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy
Colonoscopy