JMJ

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Church History

CHAPTER 4
IMPORTANT PEOPLE & TERMS
SECTION 1
a)

Constantine - __________________________________________________________

He
was the first Christian emperor and he United the Roman Empire under a single
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authority
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b)

Battle of the Milvian Bridge - ______________________________________________

The battle in 312 between Constantine and Maxentius which would decide which co _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________!
! emperor would control the city of Rome and the western Roman Empire. At this battle
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Constantine was victorious after receiving a vision of a religious symbol and painting it on
his armies armor

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!
c)
Edict of Milan - _________________________________________________________

Constantine's edict which legalized Christianity in the Roman Empire

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!
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!
!

d)

usury - ________________________________________________________________

Lending money at an excessive interest rate

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!
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e)

Constantinople - ________________________________________________________

Capital of the Roman Empire after Constantine became emperor

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!
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SECTION 2
a)

St. Helena - ____________________________________________________________

Mother of Constantine found the true cross of Christ and other relics from the
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! crucifixion.
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b)

the True Cross of Christ - ________________________________________________

The pieces of the cross upon which Jesus Christ was crucified
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!
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!

c)

Way of the Cross (Via Dolorosa) - __________________________________________

The original stations of the cross that Jesus walked along the streets in Jerusalem
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!
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!

SECTION 3
a)

Arius - ________________________________________________________________

Egyptian priest created a school of thought that Jesus was not God

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!
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b)
Arianism - _____________________________________________________________

The belief that Jesus was not God and not Devine
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!
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c)

Logos - _______________________________________________________________

Has
many meanings but primarily means word, wisdom, logic or reason. St. John calls
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!Jesus the logos of God meaning the word of God
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d)

Council of Nicaea - ______________________________________________________

The
first ecumenical council in the churches history. Called for in 325 by the emperor
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!Constantine in order to solve the Arian controversy
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e)

ecumenical council - _____________________________________________________

The
world wide meeting of the church's magisterium under the authority of the pope in order
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to
! discuss issues pertaining to the universal church
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f)

consubstantial - _________________________________________________________

Being of the same substance or nature God the father is consubstantial with God the
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! son because they both have a Devine nature
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g)

creed - _______________________________________________________________

The statement of belief

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!
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h)

Nicene Creed - _________________________________________________________

The creed established at the council of Nicaea and later completed at the council of
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!Constantinople
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i)

Council of Constantinople - ________________________________________________

This council finalized the nicene creed which we say at mass on Sunday's
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!
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!

SECTION 4
a)

Church Father - _________________________________________________________

Were influential Christian teachers theologians and apologists, some church fathers
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!clergy, but not all some church fathers are canonized
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b)

Patristic period - ________________________________________________________

The
time were the church fathers gave the church teachings on the faith, especially
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!
teachings
on hard to understand concepts
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!
c)

Doctor of the Church - ___________________________________________________

A
persons who contributed a great deal of the churches teachings on important
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!theologian teachings. The title is bestowed upon a person by the pope after their death
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SECTION 5
a)

St. Athanasius - ________________________________________________________

Father of orthodoxy
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!
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b)

the Incarnation - ________________________________________________________

When God the son took on human flesh

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!
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!

SECTION 6
!
a)

St. Nicholas - ___________________________________________________

Bishop at the council of Nicaea, basis of modern Santa Claus tradition

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!
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!
b)
pallium - ______________________________________________________________

Item worn over the shoulder of an important bishop. Symbolizes his authority as an
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!archbishop
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SECTION 7
a)

St. Jerome - __________________________________________________________

Translated the Hebrew and Greek scriptures into the Latin voltages
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!
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b)

asceticism - __________________________________________________________

Self
discipline particularly fasting or other body penances, in order to obtain virtue. The
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word
is derived from the word ascesis which means struggle
!
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!
c)
the Vulgate - ___________________________________________________________

St.
Jerome's latin translation of the bible, translated from Greek and Hebrew
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!
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!

SECTION 8

a)

Origen - _______________________________________________________________

Early
church fathers developed lectio divina, has not been canonized because of his
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!
controversial
beliefs in universal salvation
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!
b)
Lectio Divina - __________________________________________________________

A practice of reading a piece of scripture in four dierent stages, used for spiritual
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!purposes
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c)

universal salvation - _____________________________________________________

Origins controversial idea that at the end of the world, all creatures will be saved by
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! God even those who choose not to follow him
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!

SECTION 9
!
a)

St. Hilary of Poitiers - ____________________________________________________

Doctor of the church, fought Arianism in the west

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!
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SECTION 10

a)

St. John Chrysostom - ___________________________________________________

Patron saint of education preachers and Constantinople. Called the golden mouth, Doctor
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!of the church and father of the church
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b)

Patriarch of Constantinople - ______________________________________________

The
most prominent position for a bishop to hold in eastern Christianity, head of all the
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church's
in the eastern empire
!
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SECTION 11
a)

St. Augustine of Hippo - __________________________________________________

Father
and Doctor of the church one of the most influential men in church history
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!
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b)

St. Monica - ___________________________________________________________

Mother of Saint Augustine she prayed for his conversion her entire life
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!
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c)

Confessions - __________________________________________________________

Augustine's account of his personal spiritual journey and how he had repelled the
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! grace of God early in his life
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d)

Manichaeism - _________________________________________________________

A
heresy religion that beliefs in two opposing forces good and evil. The body desires
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!
evil
things and the soul desires good things
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e)

Donatism - ____________________________________________________________

A heresy that belief that the eectiveness of the sacrament corresponding with the
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!holiness of the priest
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f)

City of God - ___________________________________________________________

A work
by St. Augustine where he wrote about two cities one heavenly and one earthly. The
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earthly
city representing the world and society in general and focused on societies sin and
!
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selfishness
and the heavenly city was a holy and self less city.
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g)

Pelagianism - __________________________________________________________

Deny the presence of original sin, they also believe that humanity could be sanctified
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!without the assistance of grace
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h)

On Christian Doctrine - ___________________________________________________

The
first comprehensive guide about what the Church teaches written by St. Augustine
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!
___________________________________________________________________________!
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SECTION 12
a)

barbarians - ____________________________________________________________

War like nomadic tribes living beyond the border of the Roman Empire, responsible for the
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!fall of the Roman Empire
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b)

Odoacer - _____________________________________________________________

Visigoth
leader credited with the final sack that ended the Roman Empire in 476 AD
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!
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c)

Attila the Hun - _________________________________________________________

He
was the leader of the barbarian tribe and he was turned back by Pope St. Leo when he
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!
tried
to attack the Roman Empire
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d)

Genseric - _____________________________________________________________

Leader of the vandals. Sacked Rome in 455

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!
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e)

evangelization - _________________________________________________________

From the Greek meaning to spread the gospel

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!
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SECTION 13
a)

Pope St. Leo the Great - __________________________________________________

Stopped Attila the Hun from invading Rome

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!
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b)

Tomb of Leo - ______________________________________________________

St. Leo's book where he clarified the teachings of the church on the two natures of
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! Christ
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