Enzymes and Immunoassay

General principles, antigen antibody interactions.

Quantitative and qualitative analysis of antigen, Hapten
inhibition test, immunodiffusion, immunoelectrophoresis.
Enzyme immunoassayELISA and RIA, Fluorescence
immunoassay techniquessubstrate
techniques substrate labeled and delayed
enhanced lanthanide fluorescence immunoassay, flow
cycloflourimetry and fluorescence activated cell sorting.
Western
blotting,
Biosensors
and
chemosensors,
amperometeric, potentiometric and colorimetric biosensors.

Dr. John P R, Asst. Professor, GVC, Palakkad

Antibody (Ab) is a large Yshaped protein used by the immune

y
g
g target,
g , called
system
to recognize
and neutralize a foreign
antigen.
Antigen is a substance that evokes the production of one or more
antibodies. Each antibody binds to a specific antigen by way of an
interaction similar to the fit between a lock and a key. The
immune system will try to destroy or neutralize any antigen that
is recognized as a foreign and potentially harmful invader. The
term originally came from antibody generator. .
Dr. John P R, Asst. Professor, GVC, Palakkad

Dr. John P R, Asst. Professor, GVC, Palakkad

Structureofanantibody

Dr. John P R, Asst. Professor, GVC, Palakkad

Immunoassay
y An immunoassay is a test that uses antibody and

antigen
g
complexes
p
as a means of ggeneratingg a
measurable result.
y Anantibody:antigencomplexisalsoknownasan

i
immunocomplex.
l

Dr. John P R, Asst. Professor, GVC, Palakkad

I
Immunoassay

Immuno refers to an immune response that causes the

y Immuno
body to generate antibodies
y assay refers to a test.
y Thus,

an immunoassay is a test that utilizes

immunocomplexing when antibodies and antigens are
b
brought
ht together
t th

Dr. John P R, Asst. Professor, GVC, Palakkad