Magnesium Deficiency

Magnesium
Deficiency
Table
of
Contents
Part I
Introduction.........................................................................................................................................................5
General Information about Magnesium as Pertaining To - Diet: .......................................................6
Diet................................................................................................................................................................................................. 6
Macronutrients and micronutrients................................................................................................................................... 6
Macronutrients........................................................................................................................................................................... 6
Micronutrients............................................................................................................................................................................. 7
General Information about Magnesium as Pertaining To - Stress: ................................................ 10

Stress.............................................................................................................................................................................................10
Biochemical And Emotional................................................................................................................................................10
Chronic Inflammation and Systemic Stress..................................................................................................................12
General Information about Magnesium as Pertaining To - Drugs: ................................................ 18

Drugs.............................................................................................................................................................................................18
Drugs Deplete Magnesium..................................................................................................................................................18
Part 2
Introduction...................................................................................................................................................... 21
Do I get enough magnesium?............................................................................................................................................21
Do I get enough magnesium?............................................................................................................................................21
* What to do?.............................................................................................................................................................................22
* How important is magnesium to life?.........................................................................................................................22
Signs Of Magnesium Deficiency................................................................................................................... 25

* 10 Signs to Watch For:........................................................................................................................................................25
Diet................................................................................................................................................................................................25
Stress.............................................................................................................................................................................................26
Drug Interactions.....................................................................................................................................................................26
Other Reasons...........................................................................................................................................................................27
* How can you know for certain if you have a deficiency?...................................................................................29
* What can you do to increase magnesium intake?.................................................................................................30
* Signs of Magnesium Deficiency.....................................................................................................................................31
Part 3
Introduction...................................................................................................................................................... 35
Statistics on Magnesium Deficiency........................................................................................................... 37
Why are many magnesium deficiencies not recognized?......................................................................39
Explanation #1: Accurate magnesium tests are not available...............................................................................39
Explanation #2: Magnesium assists other functions............................................................................................. 40
Explanation #3: Magnesium cannot be patented......................................................................................................41
Correcting Widespread Deficiencies: An Urgent Matter....................................................................44
Part 4
Introduction...................................................................................................................................................... 47
Magnesium depletion in healthy individuals can be caused by:.........................................................48
(a) Depletion of Magnesium in the Diet/ Low Magnesium Diets/Processed Foods and Sodas.............48
(b) Soft Water and Magnesium..........................................................................................................................................48
(c) Calcium Supplements.....................................................................................................................................................49
(d) Prescriptions and Over the Counter Medications...............................................................................................49
Some conditions can increase vulnerability to deficiency, including:............................................ 51

(a) Alcohol and other Addictions......................................................................................................................................51
(b) Illness, Stress and Aging as Causes of Low Magnesium...................................................................................51
(c) Digestive and Genetic Disorders.................................................................................................................................52
Know Your Risk Factors................................................................................................................................. 53
Magnesium Deficiency
Part I
The articles include:
(1) Introduction...5
(2) General information about magnesium deficiency as
pertaining to: Diet...6
pertaining to: Stress...10
pertaining to: Drugs...18
Article (1)
Introduction
Magnesium is an abundant mineral in the body and is absolutely
essential to good health.
Approximately 50 %of total body magnesium is found in the bone. The other half is found
predominantly inside cells of body tissues and organs. Only 1% or less of magnesium is found in
blood. Yet it must be noted that the body works very hard to keep these blood levels of magnesium
constant.
Magnesium is involved in almost every bodily function participating

in more than 300 biochemical reactions, according to the National
Institute of health.
It is vital to wound healing; growth; immune system functions; temperature regulations; brain
and nerve actions; and muscle action, including heart and skeletal muscle, smooth and striated
muscle.Magnesium is important and required for the production of A.T.P. (adenosine triphosphate).
This is the molecule, (power cell) on which the body depends to perform nearly all of our bodily
functions.
It is not an exaggeration to say that today there is an epidemic of magnesium deficiency. Back
in 1994, Dr Alan Gabys booklet was published and was called simply -Magnesium. Since then
many more books and articles have been published on the importance of magnesium. According
to Dr. Alan Gaby M.D. an expert on the subject, he says in his booklet Magnesium (1) that there
are 3 basic reasons why magnesium deficiency is a concern today. It is because of diet, stress, and
drug interactions.
References for: Magnesium Deficiency-Part I / Introduction

(1) Gaby A. Magnesium: New Canaan, CT: Keats Publishing; 1994.
Article (2)
General Information
Magnesium
To - Diet:
about
as
Pertaining
Diet
Macronutrients and micronutrients
There is a lot less magnesium in the food we eat today then there
was 100 years ago.
For example in our bleached white flour, (not to mention the toxic chemicals) taken from
whole wheat, 85% of the magnesium is removed. Refined sugar (not to mention its role in cancer)
which comprises about 19% of the calories in the American diet has been completely stripped of
magnesium that occurs naturally in sugarcane. In addition to that, our farming soil is also depleted
of this vital mineral. One reason the quality of our soil has deteriorated is because of the use of
fertilizers. Lets talk about the soil, plants and minerals for a moment. There are some 16 chemical
elements known for the growth of most plants. These 16 chemical elements are divided into two
main groups: non- mineral and mineral. The non- mineral nutrients are found in air and water.
They are: hydrogen (H), oxygen (o) and carbon (c). In a process called photosynthesis, plants use
the energy from the sun to change carbon and oxygen (combined, these two non-mineral nutrients
form carbon dioxide (CO-2)) along with water into starches and sugars. The three non-mineral
nutrients: carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, come from the air and the water. The 13 mineral nutrients
that are left from the 16 chemical elements come from the soil. Lets expound on this for a moment.
These mineral nutrients are divided into two groups: (1) Macronutrients and (2) Micronutrients.
Macronutrients
Macronutrients are divided into two groups called the primary and secondary nutrients. The
primary nutrients are nitrogen (n), phosphorus (p), and potassium (k). These 3 primary nutrients
are usually lacking from the soil first. Plants and crops use large amounts of these primary nutrients
for their growth and survival. The secondary nutrients are calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and sulfur
(s), and even though at times there may be a sufficient amount of these secondary nutrients,
magnesium and calcium may be added when lime is applied to acidic soils. Dr. Carolyn Dean, M.D.,
N.D., brings out in her book The Magnesium Miracle, that:
Calcium and magnesium share equal importance in our bodies.

Dr. Dean goes on to relate what can happen in our bodies if that balance is not met. (Dr. Deans
book can be purchased on this Burts Remedies web site). What is important to keep in mind here
is that there needs to be the right balance between potassium and magnesium as well. Potassium
is absorbed by plants in larger amounts than any other mineral except for nitrogen and maybe
calcium at times. Potassium helps in the building of protein, photosynthesis, and disease reduction.
However it has to be noted that magnesium is PART OF CHLOROPHYLL which is in all green plants
and essential for photosynthesis.
(For more information on magnesium and chlorophyll see Burts Remedies article on How
Important is Magnesium to Life found in the introduction as part of Magnesium Deficiency-Part
II.)
Magnesium also activates many plant enzymes that are needed for growth. As you read on, you
will see how important this balance between potassium and magnesium is, especially when you
throw in fertilizers.
Micronutrients
The micronutrients are the trace or minor elements essential for plant growth. Only a very
small (micro) amount of these nutrients are needed. These micronutrients would include boron (B),
copper (Cu), iron (Fe), chloride (Cl), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), and zinc (Zn).
These mineral nutrients are dissolved in the water and can now be absorbed through the
plants roots. This means that if there is not enough of these nutrients in the soil the plant will
not be healthy. This is why farmers and gardeners now add chemical fertilizers. It doesnt take
a rocket scientist to figure out that if the soil is depleted of the vital nutrients we need, so that
fertilizer has to be added, than we may not be getting all the nutrients that we need from our food.
These chemical fertilizers (In the future See Burts Remedies will have articles on Toxins/Heavy
Metals and Chemicals) contain large amounts of potassium. Potassium works antagonistically
with magnesium, which is interesting since in the body, magnesium, according to Dr. Gaby in his
booklet Magnesium says:
Magnesium is essential to the maintenance of an adequate

potassium level.
This is extremely important because potassium is intricately involved in the muscle function of
the heart. In the soil, large amounts of these inorganic fertilizers (in order to produce a higher yield
of crops) are low in magnesium, like nitrates, phosphate, and potassium salts, and drain the soil of
magnesium. Traditionally farmers use to increase the mineral content in the soil by using natural
fertilizers such as manure and compost.
In addition, the use of ammonia as a fertilizer causes magnesium to be leached from the soil. The
problem with this statement about the soil being depleted of magnesium is that many scientists
and nutritionists challenge this statement. Their textbooks will tell you that the mineral deficient
soil may lower crop yield but will not reduce the nutritional quality of crops that do grow. However,
according to some authorities, they do not understand or except the concept that the soil directly
affects the mineral content in the foods grown in that soil. This was Dr. Gabys strong argument
back then about magnesium depletion in the soil. The facts tell the truth. Here is a case in point.
In the Goiter belt of the mid-west U.S., the soil is deficient of iodine thus the food grown is
iodine deficient. The food grown does not contain enough Iodine to meet necessary requirements.
This has lead to an epidemic of Goiters in the population living in that area of the U.S. A further
case in point is that of dairy cattle and horses. If the pastures are deficient of minerals such as
selenium and magnesium they can get what is called grass-staggers. Grass-staggers is a
condition characterized by an unsteady gait; muscle twitching; and muscle spasms. This condition
is remedied by supplementing their diet with magnesium and selenium, or adding these minerals
to the soil, thus improving the soil and food connection. This adds up to one thing, if our food
supply starts out magnesium deficient, by the time our food is processed one can only imagine
how depleted in magnesium it really is.
Dr. Carolyn Dean, in her book The Magnesium Miracle, also talks about a French biochemist
farmer Andre Voisin, who wrote a book called Grass Tetany (hypomagnesaemia), a metabolic
disease in cattle and goats, caused by a deficiency of magnesium in the soil.(2)
The 2005 Life Extension magazine featured Paul Mason. Paul has pioneered as an outspoken
spoke person trying to get the public aware of magnesium depletion in their diet, and the
consequences of it. Paul Mason is telling the world that consuming more magnesium could save
21 million lives a year. Mr. Mason says
Regrettably only a few have bothered to pay attention.
References for: Magnesium Deficiency-Part I

General Information about Magnesium as Pertaining To-Diet, Stress, and Drugs
(1) Mildred S. Seelig, M.D., MPH, Master, American College of Nutrition, and Andrea Rosanoff, PhD,
(2) Dean C. The Magnesium Miracle. New York: Ballantine Books; 2007.
(3)http://www.mgwater.com/index.shtml
(4) http://www.lef.org/magazine/mag2005/sep2005_awsi_01.htm
(5) Gaby A. Magnesium: How an important mineral helps prevent heart attacks and relieve stress. New Canaan, CT: Keats
Publishing; 1994.
(6)http://www.agr.state.nc.us/cyber/kidswrld/plant/nutrient.htm
(7)Sircus Mark. Transdermal Magnesium Therapy.Chandler AZ: Phaelos Books; 2007
(8)http:// IMVA Chronic Inflammation and Systemic Stress.com
(9)Raab W. Cardio Toxic effects of emotional, socioeconomic, and environmental stresses. In Bajusz E, Rona G (eds.)
Myocardiology, vol I, 197, pp. 707-713.
(10)Henrote JG. Type A behavior and magnesium metabolism. Magnesium 1986;5-201-210.
Article (3)
General Information about Magnesium

To - Stress:
as
Pertaining
Stress
Biochemical And Emotional
Today we live in a very toxic world (In the future Burts Remedies will have articles on Toxins/
Heavy Metals and Chemicals). We are bombarded by tens of thousands of chemical pollutants
every single day.
As Dr. Gaby points out, how can one think for a moment that these pollutants would not interfere
with the absorption and utilization of essential nutrients such as magnesium?One of the toxic
metals, aluminum, for example, is known to compete for magnesium-binding sites in the body.
This can be interpreted this way:
If aluminum from chemical pollutants, grab enough magnesiumsites in the body, this can block the normal biochemical functions of
magnesium.
The implications here are staggering because of the wide spread exposure to aluminum
anywhere from antacids (aluminum being the leading ingredient) and acid rain. Acid rain dissolves
aluminums from the bed rock, resulting in very high aluminum concentrations in the ground water.
The continued bombardment of absorbable aluminum plays a significant impact on the magnesium
in our bodies. The more our body absorbs this aluminum that binds with magnesium sites, the less
magnesium we have in our body. (9), (10)
Lead, another toxin) can also deplete our magnesium.The assault on our bodies from biochemical
pollutants accounts for part of our stress. We will talk about chronic stress in a moment under
Chronic Inflammation and systemic Stress in this article. The fast pace, as well as the space age
technology in which we live, makes its contribution to bodily stresses. Todays life style engenders
a great deal of emotional and mental stress. This includes traffic jams; dysfunctional relationships;
demanding jobs; and financial money worries, not to mention hyperactive children. All this adds
up to one thing- STRESS. Our modern, sometimes forgotten stresses are noise pollution; electrical
appliances; fluorescent lights; and everything else that goes with it.
10
How does our body cope with such types of stress? Our bodies respond by releasing epinephrine
(adrenaline) and cortisol (cortisone like substance). Both epinephrine and cortisol can cause
magnesium to be released from cells and then excreted in the urine. The greater the stress the
more magnesium loss, especially true with those with type A personality. (10) This all adds up.The
combined effects of a diet lacking in magnesium, environmental pollution and unprecedented
mental stress, continues to lead to a wide spread magnesium deficiency.
Dr. Carolyn Dean the author of The Magnesium Miracle has much to say about the need for
magnesium when it comes to stress management and stress relief.
Watch video of Dr. Shawn Benzinger, the health expert, as he gives Dr. Carolyn Deans book
The Magnesium Miracle a high rating Review. (2) (See this video at: Burts Remedies Videos
on Magnesium)
Dr. Dean has been coined the Doctor of the Future and rightly so. As Doctor Dean puts it:
Stress causes magnesium deficiency and a lack of magnesium

magnifies stress.
Dr. Dean points out that when we are under stress, our adrenal glands are overworked.
Nutritional magnesium supports our adrenal glands. The adrenal glands are triangular in shape.
They are part of the endocrine system. The adrenal glands are also known as the suprarenal
glands. These glands sit on top of the kidneys and are primarily responsible for releasing hormones
in conjunction with stress.
Dr. Seelig MD in her book The Magnesium Factor (1), makes mention that this vital nutrient,
magnesium, is inadequate at a time when it is needed the most. Because of todays modern,
stressful lifestyle, we are exposed to more chemicals than ever before. What effect does our
diet, stressful lifestyle, and prescription drugs, have on our cells and the need for magnesium?
Magnesium, as Dr. Seelig brings out, is a very important component of cell membranes. What goes
in and out of the cell depends largely on these cell membranes. Magnesium is crucial for mineral
balance. It is absolutely vital that magnesium and potassium molecules are kept inside the cell,
where-as calcium and sodium ions are kept outside the cell wall. Even though these 4 minerals
are plentiful and together become electrolytes, magnesium is still a top dog because magnesium is
crucial to their specialized distribution.
If the levels of magnesium inside the cell fall below normal, it could
get ugly.
11
This means magnesium and potassium will leak out and calcium and sodium will rush inside
the cell. The consequences could be seriously dangerous for both the heart and blood vessels.
Therefore, it is critical that the delicate balance of homeostasis between magnesium and calcium
inside an outside the cell is maintained. Dr. Seelig makes it quite clear that high levels of calcium
inside the cell due to low levels of magnesium inside the cell will cause physical changes inside the
cell, such as calcification. This is not good and could interfere with proper cell function. It cannot
be emphasized enough form all the experts on magnesium, that magnesium adequacies should be
a top priority to all of us if we want to stay healthy. (1), (2) TheMagnesium Factor, by Dr. Mildred
S. Seelig, and Dr. Deans book The Magnesium Miracle is a must read.
But if there is a magnesium deficiency why are we not being told about it by the media and
the medical community? Dr. Sircus tells us that one reason we dont really know that we are
Magnesium deficient is because there is no true testing for it. He feels that blood testing does not
really give the accurate story.
We encourage you to go to the official site of the Nutritional Magnesium Association and
learn more about magnesium and magnesium deficiency. Also when you get on the site please
watch Doctor Deans video on magnesium and heart health.
Chronic Inflammation and Systemic Stress

According to Dr. Mark Sircus Ac., OMD and Director of the International Medical Veritas
Association (IMVA) in his four part articles on Inflammation and Systemic Stress, (8) he goes on
to say that:
In the final analysis there is no single medical or nutritional agent

that has the power to both treat and prevent chronic inflammatory
conditions. Magnesium acts as a general cell tonic while it reduces
inflammatory and systemic stress.
This brings us to a stress of a different nature. We are not talking about every-day life style
stress and anxiety here. Yes its true that as we deal with all of lifes trials, and challenges every
day, we can be bombarded with mental and emotional stress, which of course may contribute
to systemic stress according to many authorities on the subject. What we are really talking about
here is systemic or chronic stress, brought on by inflammation. The factors that contribute toward
chronic inflammation are found in both our internal and external environment as Dr. Sircus points
out. This could include excessive levels of hormones such as insulin, and emotional stress as we just
12
talked about, or environmental toxins such as heavy metals and chemicals that we are exposed to
every day. (See Burts Remedies articles on Toxins/Heavy Metals and Chemicals.) Other triggers
of inflammation could be free radical damage, including viral, bacterial, fungal as well as other
pathogenic infections. Then we have as Dr. Sircus mentions:
Obesity, over consumption of hydrogenated oils, periodontal

disease, radiation exposure, smoking, spirochetes such as the borrelia
that causes Lyme Disease, and certain pharmacological drugs.
We do not want to confuse acute inflammation with chronic inflammation. Acute inflammation
can be a good thing. It is brought on by a short term immune response.
NOTE: Burts Remedies article on Our Amazing Immune System is not up yet.
The innate immunity is comprised of hereditary components. These components are always
there to provide an immediate defense. This is the first line of defense to ward off pathogens.
Inflammation then in this innate immune response is a localized protective response of the bodies
living tissue to injury, infection, irritation, or allergy. This inflammation which is part of the nonspecific first line of defense can be characterized by redness, heat, swelling, and pain. For example, if
you cut yourself you can be exposed to foreign microorganisms. When that happens, the immune
system will respond. It WILL IDENTIFY any dangerous foreign substance, and not misidentify it for
its own self cells. So when these non self foreign bodies threaten, the bodies innate immune
system will go into action , and repair any damage done as a result of the microbe invasion. The
bodys innate immune system releases pro-inflammatory compounds. In part three of his article on
Inflammation and Systemic Stress, Dr Sircus shows how inflammation works and that initially it
is a good thing working with our immune system. For example when the immune system responds
say to an irritant this in turn will cause inflammation. Take for example if you sprain your ankle. As
Dr Sircus explains it, your immune system will now create a protein called a Circulating Immune
Complex or CIC for short. This protein will arrive at the injured area and now cause pain and swelling
around the sprained ankle. But then our amazing immune system will send proteins to the site to
shut off these pro-inflammatory compounds.
Our major concern here is chronic inflammation. This can occur when the body does not shut
off those pro-inflammatory compounds. This chronic inflammation can become evident in acute
inflammation in the body when the individual shows an increased level of pro-inflammatory markers
in the blood. One such marker is the C-reactive protein. There are other markers as well. The big
difference between acute inflammation and chronic inflammation is this: In acute inflammation
13
those markers such as the C-reactive protein do not show up any more when the job is done. In
chronic inflammation, those elevated markers are still there. THEY DONT SHUT OFF.
Dr.Marcelle Pick RNC,MSM,OB/GYN NP and co-founder of Women to Women helps us to

appreciate the far reaching effects of chronic inflammation and the host of modern diseases and
conditions it is connected with. As she puts it:
It can lead to serious metabolic breakdown with vast implications

for your long term health.
These modern diseases and conditions can include obesity, diabetes or as some have coined itdiabesity. Other conditions and diseases resulting from chronic inflammation is atherosclerosis,
and high blood pressure as well as Alzheimers, osteoporosis, Parkinsons disease, cancer, and even
depression. As Marcelle Pick further puts it, you:
Need a healthy balance of inflammation to stay healthy.

There needs to be a constant communication within both the innate and acquired immune
system to maintain a metabolic balance in the body. If your body is constantly on the defensive
because the inflammatory call-to-action messages from the immune system, and are not shut off,
what happens? It means trouble in River City as the saying goes.
Not only is our immune system compromised but our overall health
is compromised as well.
This is because inflammation takes its toll on our bodys energy and resources as Marcelle
Pick points out. She further describes how this constant low-grade flow of powerful inflammatory
markers wreck-havoc to the body in time, with far reaching consequences. With the balance of the
immune system disrupted, the immunes systems hyperactivity can self-perpetuate and quickly
spiral into disease notes Marcelle. We are talking about metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes.
As Dr. Circus describes it:
Inflammation and systemic stress are central attributes of many

pathological conditions.
To read Dr. Marcelle Picks articles on chronic inflammation search the web for Women to
Women/ Chronic Inflammation.
14
Again it could include obesity, atherosclerosis, high blood pressure, Alzheimers disease,
osteoporosis, Parkinsons disease, cancer, depression, and to add to that, even disorders such as
rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, eczema and a host of others. Chronic inflammation
and systemic stress can even set the stage for autoimmune diseases such as lupus, multiple sclerosis,
and scleroderma. Dr. Sircus makes it clear in part 2 of his article on Inflammation and Systemic
Stress, that:
When the bodys immune system turns on itself, as in the case of

Autoimmune diseases, the result is cellular chaos, and what is even
more disturbing is that this process may be happening year after
year without even being aware of it.
Right now we need to ask this all important question. What is the under lying causes of
systematic or chronic inflammation on the body? As was mentioned earlier on in this article, we are
all exposed one way or another to environmental chemical pollutants. Whether we want to accept
that fact or not, we live in a HIGHLY TOXIC WORLD.
(Coming Soon: Burts Remedies articles on Toxins/ Heavy Metals and Chemicals; Plastic/
Chemicals and our Health; Lead Poisoning-Why is lead poisoning a concern for us today
?; Mercury Poisoning and related mercury articles; Lead Poisoning; Arsenic Poisoning;
Cadmium Poisoning; Toxins /Heavy Metals /Chemicals in Tobacco and cigarette smoke
and related tobacco articles)
15
Many of the refined commercialized foods today containing pesticides, preservatives and other
additives. Chemicals are stripping our food of nutrients. These industrialized foods are replacing the
foods that use to be naturally wholesome anti-inflammatory foods. This toxic overload adds up to
one thing-inflammation and chronic stress to the body. Dr. Sircus and other authorities have dug
even deeper. Yes research is showing that there are many factors that trigger chronic inflammation.
We have our internal environment as well as our external environment. We already touched on this
quoting Dr. Sircus, from pathogenic - infections (internal environment) to heavy metal toxins and
chemicals (external environment). Dr. Sircus digs down to the central mediating factor. As Dr.
Sircus describes it, he strongly feels that factor is none other than magnesium deficiency. To
quote
Dr. Sircus and other authorities, they attribute magnesium deficiency as a cause and
underpinning of chronic inflammatory build up. Dr. Sircus states further in part one of his four part
series on Inflammation and Systemic Stress that:
in magnesium we have found a potent medicinal that is effective

across a wide range of pathologies.
Dr. Sircus says again that it is magnesium that modulates cellular events involved in
inflammation and that we need to:
Look no further than the sea shore, which contains millions of tons
of magnesium chloride, the perfect anti-inflammatory agent. (7), (8)
(For more information on magnesium chloride, See Burts Remedies article on Topical
Transdermal Mineral Magnesium Oil Parts VI, VII and VIII.)
The 3rd reason why we are so magnesium deficient is drug interactions.

(1)Mildred S. Seelig, M.D., MPH, Master, American College of Nutrition, and Andrea Rosanoff, PhD,
(2)Dean C. The Magnesium Miracle. New York: Ballantine Books; 2007.
(4) http://www.lef.org/magazine/mag2005/sep2005_awsi_01.htm
Publishing; 1994.
16
(7)Sircus Mark. Transdermal Magnesium Therapy.Chandler AZ: Phaelos Books; 2007
(9)Raab W. Cardiotoxic effects of emotional, socioeconomic, and environmental stresses. In Bajusz E, Rona G (eds.)
Myocardiology, vol I, 197, pp. 707-713.
17
Article (4)
General Information about Magnesium

To - Drugs:
as
Pertaining
Drugs
Drugs Deplete Magnesium
These drugs include diuretics; antibiotics; chemotherapy agents such as cisplatinum; vinblastine;
etc., as well as cortisone, and asthma drugs. A deficiency of magnesium and disease can create a
vicious cycle. According to Dr. Gaby, Magnesium deficiency can lead to a number of different
problems all of which can contribute to the development of certain chronic diseases. This situation
is compounded by that vicious cycle, where an illness aggravates magnesium deficiency. This
makes the illness worse. Here is how this magnesium deficient cycle works.
When lacking in magnesium, one becomes more sensitive to the stress. If the stressor is noise,
the more exposure we have to noise, then the greater the release of epinephrine, which respond
to the stressor - NOISE. In turn, the greater the release of epinephrine, the greater is the loss of
magnesium. The more magnesium deficient one becomes, the more susceptible one can succumb
to health problems, even severe illness and disease. As a disease and illness progress, cells lose their
ability to function properly.
For the body cells to stay healthy, the cells need to maintain a very high level of magnesium
concentration relative to blood serums, as Dr. Gaby tells it. There is about 10 times more magnesium
inside the cell of a healthy heart than there is in the blood stream. In order for the cell to achieve
and perform its multi-biochemical tasks, it needs a higher concentration of magnesium inside the
cell. (Intracellular)
The homeostasis inside the cell requires there to be a constant concentration of magnesium
inside the cells. Magnesium ions continue to leak out of the cell into the intercellular tissue and into
the blood stream. Located on the outer cell membrane is a magnesium ion pump. When too much
magnesium leaks out of the cell, the pump pulls the magnesium back into the cell. The converse
is also true. If too much magnesium saturates the cell, it is pumped out. This is why transdermal
magnesium is safe. (See Burts Remedies articles on Topical Transdermal Mineral Magnesium
OilParts VI.VII, and VIII)
18
Something else to keep in mind is that if we become seriously ill the body has difficulty holding
onto the magnesium it needs. The cell membrane at this point breaks down, allowing for more
magnesium to leak out. Symptoms of magnesium deficiency are similar to that of Iodine deficiency.
(1) Fatigue
(9) Hyperventilation
(2) Depression
(10) Muscle cramps
(3) Anxiety
(11) Twitches
(4) Irritableness
(12) Intestinal complaints
(5) Fear
(13) Tightness in chest
(6) Restlessness
(14) Poor attention
(7) Insomnia
(15) Confusion
(8) Faintness
(16) Memory loss
One must keep in mind however that most of these symptoms, have more than one cause.
If these symptoms are a direct result of magnesium deficiency,

correcting the deficiency will usually relieve the symptoms.
(1) Mildred S. Seelig, M.D., MPH, Master, American College of Nutrition, and Andrea Rosanoff, PhD,
(4)http://www.lef.org/magazine/mag2005/sep2005_awsi_01.htm
Publishing; 1994.
(7)Sircus Mark. Transdermal Magnesium Therapy. Chandler AZ: Phaelos Books; 2007
(9)Raab W. Cardiotoxic effects of emotional, socioeconomic, and environmental stresses. In Bajusz E, Rona G (eds.) Myocardiology, vol I, 197, pp. 707-713.
19
Part 2
(1) Introduction / Do I get enough magnesium?...21
(2) Signs of Magnesium Deficiency...25
(3) Symptoms of Low Magnesium...25
(4) Causes of a Lack of Magnesium...25
Article (1)
Introduction
Do I get enough magnesium?
Symptoms of poor magnesium intake can include muscle cramps, facial tics, poor sleep, and
chronic pain. It pays to ensure that you get adequate magnesium before signs of deficiency occur.
But how can you know whether youre getting enough magnesium?
According to population studies of average magnesium intake, theres a good chance that youre
not getting enough magnesium in your system.
Less than 30% of U.S. adults consume the Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) of magnesium.
And nearly 20% get only half of the magnesium they need daily to remain healthy (1), (2), (3)
It is not an exaggeration to say that today there is an epidemic of magnesium deficiency. Back
in 1994, Dr Alan Gabys booklet was published and was called simply -Magnesium. Since then
many more books and articles have been published on the importance of magnesium. According
to Dr. Alan Gaby M.D. an expert on the subject, he says in his booklet Magnesium that there are
3 basic reasons why there is a magnesium deficiency today. It is because of diet, stress, and drug
interactions. These three basic reasons are discussed in this article along with other reasons.
Note: For additional information on how magnesium deficiency relates to ones diet, stress,
drugs see Burts Remedies article on Magnesium Deficiency: Part I and Part III
Do I get enough magnesium?

One method of assessing your magnesium status is to simply contact your health care provider
and request detailed magnesium testing. Yet magnesium assessment is typically done using blood
serum testing, and these tests can be misleading. Only 1% of magnesium in the body is actually
found in blood, and only .3% is found in blood serum, so clinical blood serum testing may not
successfully identify magnesium deficiency.
21
* What to do?
Fortunately, its possible to get a sense of where your intake may lie simply by asking yourself
a few questions about your lifestyle, and watching for certain signs and signals of low magnesium
levels.
Learn how to read your signs below, and find out what you can do to ensure magnesium balance
and good health. If you answer yes to any of the questions, under the 10 signs to look for, you may
be at risk for low magnesium intake. First lets ask this question:
* How important is magnesium to life?

As Dr. Mark Sircus (Founder and director of the International Medical Veritas Association-IMVA)
puts it.it is the Lamp of Life. Magnesium is an element that is necessary for life in all living
organisms, whether it be humans, animals or plants. Magnesium is an element that is involved in
the process of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is vital to life on earth. Simply put, photosynthesis is
the biochemical process in which plants, algae, and even some forms of bacteria, can capture and
harness light energy from the sun, in order to produce food. Not only is this process of photosynthesis
vital for lifes food and nourishment, it is also responsible for producing the oxygen that makes up
a large portion of the earths atmosphere. In plant photosynthesis water too is needed. Water acts
as a reducing agent.It goes without saying then, that just as there would be no human, animal and
plant life on planet earth without water, food, and oxygen, to sustain life, the same is true if we did
not have sunlight and the means to harness it through photosynthesis
But where does the magnesium come in to play with photosynthesis? Its the chlorophyll. What
exactly is chlorophyll? It is the green pigment found in most plants, algae, and bacteria. Its name
is derived from the Greek word meaning green, and the Greek word for leaf. The green leaf is
the primary site of photosynthesis in plants.
Plants capture light primarily using the green pigment

chlorophyll. Both chlorophyll and accessory pigments such as
carotenoid and xanthophyll, are contained in compartments
within the cell (organelles) called chloroplasts. Its true that
all the cells in the green part of the plant have chloroplasts,
but its in the leaves where most of the suns light energy
is captured and harnessed. The outer surface of the leaf is
22
coated with a water resistant waxy cuticle. This waxy water resistant outer surface has a transparent
colorless epidermis layer that allows for the light to pass through to other cells where most of the
photosynthesis takes place. Again, where does the magnesium come in? Magnesium is needed by
plants to form chlorophyll.
DR. SIRCUS MAKES IT KNOWN THAT:
MAGNESIUM IS AT THE CENTER OF IT ALL. MAGNESIUM IS THE

CENTRAL ATOM OF THE PORPHYRIN RING OF CHLOROPHYLL. THIS
MAKES MAGNESIUM THE UNSONG HERO THAT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR
PLANTS TO CONVERT THE SUNS LIGHT ENERGY INTO CHEMICAL
ENERGY IN THE FORM OF ATP AND NADPH TO BE USED BY THE PLANT.
As Dr. Sircus puts it:
The whole basis of life and the food chain is seen in the sunlightchlorophyll-magnesium-connection. Chlorophyll systems convert
energy from visible light into small energy-rich molecules easy for
cells to use.
Dr. Sircus again adds:
Magnesium is needed by plants to form chlorophyll. Without

magnesium sitting inside the heart of chlorophyll, plants would
not be able to take nutrition from the sun because the process of
photosynthesis would not go on. (16)
(Dr. Sircuss book Transdermal Magnesium Therapy is available to purchase on our Burts
Remedies site.)
For more information on Photosynthesis and Chlorophyll click on to:

http://www.solarnavigator.net/photosynthesis.htm
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/photosynthesis
http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Photosynthesis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthesis
http://www.eoearth.org/article/Photosynthesis
23
As Dr. Sircus emphasizes it:
Life packs the magnesium jealously into the cells, and every drop
of it is important.
Therefore, wouldnt you like to read on and see how magnesium is involved with our bodys
physiology?
Approximately 50 % of total body magnesium is found in the bone. The other half is found:
predominantly inside cells of body tissues and organs

Only 1% of magnesium is found in blood. Yet it must be noted that the body works very hard to
keep these blood levels of magnesium constant.
Watch Videos on Magnesium

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Panm-YlZUPc
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GUWL1o2hSrs
http://youtu.be/ZWh84YND7w4
http://youtu.be/1I0zVVvWgaM
If you havent heard much about magnesium and its importance to good health, now is the time
to learn. And if its something youve always meant to look into, now is the time to take action!
References for: Magnesium Deficiency-Part II
Introduction / Do I get enough magnesium?
(1)Combs GF, Nielsen FH. Health significance of calcium and magnesium: Examples from human studies. In: World
Health Organization. Calcium and Magnesium in Drinking Water: Public health significance. Geneva: World Health Organization Press; 2009.
(2) Pao EM, Mickle SJ. Problem nutrients in the United States. Food Technology. 1981:35:58-79.
(3) King DE, Mainous AG 3rd, Geesey ME, Woolson RF. Dietary magnesium and C-reactive protein levels. Journal Of The
American College Of Nutrition. 2005 Jun;24(3):166-71. Available from: MEDLINE with Full Text, Ipswich, MA. Accessed
November 6, 2009.
24
Article (2)
Signs Of Magnesium Deficiency

* 10 Signs to Watch For:
Diet
1. Do you drink carbonated beverages on a regular basis?
Most dark colored sodas contain phosphates. These substances actually bind with magnesium
inside the digestive tract, rendering it unavailable to the body. So even if you are eating a balanced
diet, by drinking soda with your meals you are flushing magnesium out of your system.(4),(5),(6)
The average consumption of carbonated beverages today is more than ten times what it was in 1940.
(7)This skyrocketing increase is responsible for both reduced magnesium and calcium availability
in the body. (8), (9)
2. Do you regularly eat pastries, cakes, desserts, candies or other sweet foods?
Refined sugar is not only a zero magnesium product but it also causes the
body to excrete magnesium through the kidneys. The process of producing
refined sugar from sugar cane removes molasses, stripping the magnesium
content entirely.
And sugar does not simply serve to reduce magnesium levels. Sweet foods
are known by nutritionists as anti-nutrients. Anti-nutrients like sweets are
foods that replace whole nutritious foods in the diet, yet actually consume
nutrients when digested, resulting in a net loss. Because all foods require
vitamins and minerals to be consumed in order to power the process of
digestion, its important to choose foods that put back vital nutrients, and then some.
The more sweet foods and processed baked goods you have in your diet, the more likely you
are deficient in magnesium and other vital nutrients.
3. Do you drink coffee, tea, or other caffeinated drinks daily?

Magnesium levels are controlled in the body in large part by the kidneys,
which filter and excrete excess magnesium and other minerals. But caffeine
causes the kidneys to release extra magnesium regardless of body status.
25
If you drink caffeinated beverages such as coffee, tea and soda regularly, your risk for magnesium
deficiency is increased.
Stress
4. Do you experience a lot of stress in your life, or have you recently had a major medical procedure such as surgery?
Both physical and emotional stress can be a cause of magnesium deficiency.
Stress can be a cause of magnesium deficiency, and a lack of magnesium tends to magnify the
stress reaction, worsening the problem. In studies, adrenaline and cortisol, byproducts of the fight or
flight reaction associated with stress and anxiety, were associated with decreased magnesium. (4)
Because stressful conditions require more magnesium use by the body, all such conditions may
lead to deficiency, including both psychological and physical forms of stress such as surgery, burns,
and chronic disease.
Drug Interactions
5. Do you take a diuretic, heart medication, asthma medication, birth control pills or estrogen
replacement therapy?
The effects of certain drugs have been shown to reduce magnesium
levels in the body by increasing magnesium loss through excretion by
the kidneys.
See also:
For a complete list of the specific drugs which can affect magnesium
levels, read our article, Causes of a Lack of Magnesium.
6. Do you drink more than seven alcoholic beverages per week?

The effect of alcohol on magnesium levels is similar to the
effect of diuretics: it lowers magnesium available to the cells
by increasing the excretion of magnesium by the kidneys. In
studies, clinical magnesium deficiency was found in 30% of
alcoholics.(10)
26
Increased alcohol intake also contributes to decreased efficiency of the digestive system, as well
as Vitamin D deficiency, both of which can contribute to low magnesium levels.(11)
Other Reasons
7. Do you take calcium supplements without magnesium or calcium supplements with magnesium in less than a 1:1 ratio?
Studies have shown that when magnesium intake is low, calcium
supplementation may reduce magnesium absorption and retention. (12),
(13), (14) and, whereas calcium supplementation can have negative effects
on magnesium levels, magnesium supplementation actually improves the
bodys use of calcium. (7)
Though many reports suggest taking calcium to magnesium in a 2:1

ratio, this figure is largely arbitrary. The ideal ratio for any individual will vary
depending on current conditions as well as risk factors for deficiency.
However, several researchers now support 1:1 calcium to magnesium ratio for improved bone
support and reduced risk of disease. This is due not only to the increased evidence pointing to
widespread magnesium deficiency, but also concerns over the risk of arterial calcification when low
magnesium stores are coupled with high calcium intake.
According to noted magnesium researcher Mildred Seelig:
The body tends to retain calcium when in a magnesium-deficient

state. Extra calcium intake at such a time could cause an abnormal
rise of calcium levels inside the cells, including the cells of the heart
and blood vessels Given the delicate balance necessary between
calcium and magnesium in the cells, it is best to be sure magnesium
is adequate if you are taking calcium supplements. (8)
8. Do you experience any of the following symptoms?
Anxiety?
Times of hyperactivity?
Difficulty getting to sleep?
Difficulty staying asleep?
27

The above symptoms may be neurological signs of magnesium deficiency. Adequate magnesium
is necessary for nerve conduction and is also associated with electrolyte imbalances that affect
the nervous system. Low magnesium is also associated with personality changes and sometimes
depression.
9. Do you experience any of the following:

Painful muscle spasms?
Muscle cramping?
Fibromyalgia?
Facial tics?
Eye twitches, or involuntary eye movements?
Neuromuscular symptoms such as these are among the classic signs of a potential magnesium deficit.
Without magnesium, our muscles would be in a constant state of contraction.

Magnesium is a required element of muscle relaxation, and without it our muscles would be in a
constant state of contraction. Calcium, on the other hand, signals muscles to contract. As noted in
the book The Magnesium Factor, the two minerals are:
Two sides of a physiological coin; they have actions that oppose

one another, yet they function as a team. (8)
Chvosteks Sign and Trousseaus Sign are both clinical tests for involuntary muscle movements,
and both may indicate either calcium or magnesium deficiency, or both. In fact, magnesium deficiency
may actually appear as calcium deficiency in testing, and one of the first recommendations upon
receiving low calcium test results is magnesium supplementation.
10. Did you answer yes to any of the above questions and are also age 55 or older?
Older adults are particularly vulnerable to low magnesium status. It has been shown that aging,
stress and disease all contribute to increasing magnesium needs, yet many older adults actually
take in less magnesium from food sources than when they were younger.
In addition, magnesium metabolism may be less efficient as we grow older, as it changes the GI
tract and kidneys contribute to older adults absorbing less and retaining less magnesium. (15)
28
If you are above 55 and also showing lifestyle signs or symptoms related to low magnesium,
its particularly important that you work to improve your magnesium intake. Whenbody stores of
magnesium run low in our body, risks of overt hypomagnesaemia (magnesium deficiency) increase
significantly.
In addition to this self-assessment test there are other tests (aside from blood tests which are not
always accurate) to see if you are low on magnesium and other minerals such as the ExaTest, You
will read more about this as you read on in this article.
* How can you know for certain if you have a deficiency?

Magnesiums impact is so crucial and far reaching that symptoms of its absence reverberate
throughout the bodys systems. This makes signs of its absence hard to pin down with absolute
precision, even for cutting edge researchers. Doctors PilarArandaand Elena Planellsnoted this
difficulty in their report at the International Magnesium Symposium of 2007:
The clinical manifestations of magnesium deficiency are difficult to

define because depletion of this cation is associated with considerable
abnormalities in the metabolism of many elements and enzymes. If
prolonged, insufficient magnesium intake may be responsible for
symptoms attributed to other causes, or whose causes are unknown.
Among researchers, magnesium deficiency is known as the silent epidemic of our times, and it is
widely acknowledged that definitive testing for deficiency remains elusive. Judy Driskell, Professor,
Nutrition and Health Sciences at the University of Nebraska, refer to this invisible deficiency as
chronic latent magnesium deficiency, and explains:
Normal serum and plasma magnesium concentrations have been

found in individuals with low magnesium in [red blood cells] and
tissues. Yet efforts to find an indicator of subclinical magnesium
status have not yielded a cost-effective one that has been well
validated. (16)
Yet while the identification of magnesium deficiency may be unclear, its importance is
undeniable.
Magnesium activates over 300 enzyme reactions in the body, translating to thousands
of biochemical reactions happening on a constant basis daily. Magnesium is crucial to nerve
29
transmission, muscle contraction, blood coagulation, energy production, nutrient metabolism and
bone and cell formation.
Considering these varied and all-encompassing effects, not to mention the cascading effect
magnesium levels have on other important minerals such as calcium and potassium, one thing is
clear long term low magnesium intake is something to be avoided.
* What can you do to increase magnesium intake?

The Magnesium Miracle, by Carolyn Dean, M.D. N.D.
If you mouse over the Magnesium Miracle book picture and hold the Ctrl key
and then click, you will link to Amazon if you want to purchase Dr. Deans book.
The longer your intake remains low, the more likelihood your bodily stores
will be diminished, leaving you exposed to some of the more troubling side
effects of long term deficiency. According to Dr. Carolyn Dean, M.D., N.D.,
and expert on magnesium therapy, adequate magnesium can improve heart
health, prevent stroke and obesity, and improvemood and memory.
If you answered no to all of the above questions, you may be able

to rely on high food sources of magnesium, like those described in our Burts Remedies article
Burts Remedies Magnesium Part III on Magnesium in The Diet.
Yet for many people, especially those with diseases and symptoms with low magnesium, active
magnesium supplementation may be a crucial element of returning to good health.
In her book, The Magnesium Miracle, Dr. Dean notes that achieving adequate magnesium
through foods is notoriously difficult, stating:
Im convinced that to get enough magnesium today, you need to

take supplements. (4)
Transdermal magnesium does not have the side effects of oral supplements.
One of the most effective ways to improve your magnesium levels is to combine a healthy diet
with transdermal magnesium. (See our articles on Burts Remedies TopicalTransdermal Mineral
Magnesium Oil Parts VI, VII and VIII)
30
Many of the factors which contribute to low magnesium stores are caused by inefficiencies of
the GI tract. By delivering magnesium through the skin directly to the cells, topicalmagnesium
products bypass many of the problems associated with low magnesium absorption.
In older adults, reduced gastric acid levels in the digestive system may be a factor in reduced
mineral availability. Hydrochloric acid supplements may be combined with magnesium to
combat this dilemma; however a simpler and less expensive option is the use of magnesium
chloride supplements. Magnesium chloride has been proven to have a high bioavailability, while
simultaneously providing the chloride necessary for healthy digestion and vitamin and mineral
absorption.
Magnesium researcher Mildred Seelig has called magnesium:
the silent guardian of our hearts and arteries and necessary for
life.
Dr. Carolyn Dean calls it:
the missing link to total health.
* Signs of Magnesium Deficiency

The classic physical signs of low magnesium are: (1), (2), (3)
Neurological:
Impaired muscle coordination (ataxia)
Behavioral disturbances
Tremors
Irritability and anxiety
Involuntary eye movements and vertigo
Lethargy
Difficulty swallowing
Impaired memory and cognitive function
Metabolic:
Anorexia or loss of appetite
Increased intracellular calcium
Nausea and vomiting
Hyperglycemia
Seizures
Calcium deficiency
Muscular:
Potassium deficiency
Weakness
Cardiovascular:
Muscle spasms (tetany)
Irregular or rapid heartbeat
Tics
Coronary spasms
Muscle cramps
Among children:
Hyperactive reflexes
Growth retardation or failure to thrive
31
Watch Videos on Magnesium Deficiency

http://youtu.be/3wtUn1gWgaw
http://youtu.be/1I0zVVvWgaM
http://youtu.be/y8FUxg2usFk
References for: Magnesium Deficiency Part II

Signs of Magnesium Deficiency and its Importance to life
November 6, 2009.
(5) Weiss GH, Sluss PM, Linke CA. Changes in urinary magnesium, citrate and oxalate levels due to cola consumption.
Urology 1992;39:331-3.
(6)Brink E. J., Beynen A. C., Dekker P. R., Beresteijn E.C.H., Meer R. Interaction of calcium and phosphate decreases ileal
magnesium solubility and apparent magnesium absorption. The Journal of Nutrition. 1992; 122:580-586
(7)Vartanian L, Schwartz, M, Brownell, K. Effects of Soft Drink Consumption on Nutrition and Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. American Journal of Public Health. 2007;97(4):667-675.
(8)Seelig M, Rosanoff A. The Magnesium Factor. New York: Avery Books; 2003.
(9) Heaney RP, Rafferty K. Carbonated beverages and urinary calcium excretion. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
2001; 74:343347.
(10) Irwin R, Rippe J. Irwin and Rippes Intensive Care Medicine. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins; 2008.
(11) Shane SR, Flink EB. Magnesium deficiency in alcohol addiction and withdrawal. Magnesium and trace elements.
1991-1992;10(2-4):263-8.
(12) Wester PO. Magnesium. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 1987; 45:1305-12.
(13)Norman DA, Fordtran JS, Brinkley U, et al. Jejunal and ileal adaptation to alterations in dietary calcium. The Journal of
Clinical Investigation. 1981 ;67: 1599-603.
(14)Seelig MS. The requirement of magnesium by the normal adult: Summary and analysis of published data. American
Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 1964;14:342-90.
(15)Bernstein A, Luggen AS. Nutrition for the Older Adult. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers; 2010. (16) Driskell J.
Nutrition and Exercise Concerns of Middle Age. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 2009.
(16) Sircus M. Transdermal Magnesium Therapy. Chandler Arizona: Phaelos Books; 2007
32
Part 3
(1)Introduction...35
(2) Statistics on magnesium deficiency...37
(3)Why are many magnesium deficiencies not
recognized?...39
(4)Correcting widespread deficiencies: An urgent
matter...44
Article (1)
Introduction
Magnesium deficiency in humans can be mild or severe, and studies suggest it is more and more
common. Reports published by the World Health Organization have estimated that three quarters
of Americans do not meet the Recommended Daily Intake (RDI) of magnesium. (1)
How serious is this problem? Average magnesium intake in the U.S. has dwindled to less than
half what it was a century ago:
In the year 1900: 500 mg per day
Today: 175-225 mg per day (2)
A magnesium poor diet in America is the norm, not the exception. The average American diet
supplies less than two thirds of the magnesium required by the body. (1), (2) Yet each person is
individual, not only in their intake of magnesium, but also in their ability to absorb and utilize this
key mineral.
Magnesium deficiency has far-reaching impacts on health and well-being. Evidence has linked
insufficient intake to a variety of conditions and symptoms, from simple irritability to chronic pain
to life-threatening disease.
Get the facts on magnesium deficiency in Burts Remedies articles on Magnesium Deficiency
Parts I and II
Magnesium Deficiency (General information) in Part I
Magnesium Deficiency Symptoms in Part II

A complete list of the symptoms of low magnesium, including both neurological and muscular
effects such as depression, fatigue, muscle cramps and abnormal heart rhythms.
Magnesium Deficiency Causes in Part II

Even those with a balanced diet rich in magnesium sources can suffer from deficiencies. Learn
about the risk factors for deficiency.
Magnesium Deficiency Signs (10 Signs to watch for) in Part II

Get a sense of where your intake may lie simply by asking yourself a few questions.
34
References for: Magnesium Deficiency Part 3/ Introduction

35
Article (2)
Statistics
on
With the current U.S. adult RDA (Required Daily Amount) of magnesium of 320-420 mg per day
(3) the average Americans intake is only slightly more than half the minimum amount of magnesium
required to function effectively (2). In fact, even this drastic figure may be an understatement. Many
medical researchers find the RDA figures inadequate to prevent deficiencies of magnesium and
chronic disease. (4)
Optimal Daily Intake was set at 500-750 mg for men and women, nearly double the current
RDA. For example, The Real Vitamin & Mineral Book, a bestseller now in its fourth edition, establishes
ODI, Optimal Daily Intake amounts amounts necessary not just to prevent overt deficiency
but to maintain optimal health and prevent disease.
Based on the authors thorough reviews of the scientific and medical literature and their work
in clinical nutrition, the ODI for magnesium was set at 500-750 mg for men and women, nearly
double the current RDA. (5) Interestingly, these amounts are closer to the amounts commonly
consumed before mass agricultural and food processing practices were taken up in the West.
By these estimations, modern deficiencies are both far more common and far more severe.
Other Western countries today exhibit similar deficiencies. In France, a study found that over
70% of men and nearly 80% of women were magnesium-deficient in their diets. (6)
In Finland, authorities were so convinced of the impact of magnesium deficiency on heart health
that its government instituted a nationwide campaign to increase magnesium intake through
magnesium salt substitutes. Finlands death rates due to heart-related issues fell from number one
in the world to down to 10th. (7)
The following chart compares mean intake of magnesium in various countries with the
recommended daily intake from three sources. In no case is the average intake sufficient to meet
even the lowest recommended intake.
36
Average
US RDA
Daily Magne- (420 mg *)
DASH diet
Lieberman ODI
(500 mg**)
(750 mg ***)
sium Intake
212 mg
% Supplied
50%
% Supplied
42%
% Supplied
28%
Canada
244 mg
58%
49%
33%
France
330 mg
79%
66%
44%
Guam
270 mg
64%
54%
36%
Israel
249 mg
59%
50%
33%
South Africa
257 mg
61%
51%
34%
U.S.
Sources: (1), (2), (3), (5)

* RDA for adult males over 31
** DASH Diet (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension)
*** Optimal Daily Intake of 500-750 mg for men and women, 500-1000 suggested
for those suffering from angina or osteoporosis
References for: Magnesium Deficiency Part 3/ Statistics on Magnesium Deficiency

November 6, 2009.
Urology 1992;39:331-3.
(6)Brink E. J., Beynen A. C., Dekker P. R., Beresteijn E.C.H., Meer R. Interaction of calcium and phosphate decreases ileal
magnesium solubility and apparent magnesium absorption. The Journal of Nutrition. 1992; 122:580-586
(7)Vartanian L, Schwartz, M, Brownell, K. Effects of Soft Drink Consumption on Nutrition and Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. American Journal of Public Health. 2007;97(4):667-675.
37
Article (3)
Why
are many magnesium deficiencies not recognized?
While some signs and signals of depleted magnesium are more obvious, a wide variety of mild
symptoms may indicate a subclinical deficiency. Reasons for magnesium depletion can include
dietary, environmental, and drug-related factors.
Despite its prevalence, magnesium deficiencies often go unnoticed, undiagnosed, and untreated
by health professionals, even when symptoms are present. Why?
Experts have offered a few possible explanations:
Explanation #1: Accurate magnesium tests are not available.

The accepted method of testing for human magnesium deficiency by the American Medical
Association is the serum magnesium test, which assesses the amount of magnesium found in
the blood. However, studies have shown that, within the bounds of normal blood levels set for
magnesium by the AMA, true magnesium deficiencies still occur.
Watch these videos on Magnesium Deficiency:
Magnesium Deficiency - No Test Required - Mark Sircus, Ac., OMD:Magnesium is grossly deficient
in the great majority of people existing on modern diets. The clinical situation is so bad that
when it comes to magnesium people with chronic diseases can be sure that their magnesium
levels will be very low. This means that they will respond exceptionally well to treatments with
magnesium chloride.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eXhUeRFE-kg&feature=share&list=PLAAA2CA67255804FF&
index=3
Dr. Ronald Elin, M.D. Ph.D., of the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at the University of Louisville has stated:
Serum and red blood cell magnesium concentrations have

been shown to be poor predictors of intracellular magnesium
concentration. (1)
The inability of serum magnesium tests to diagnose magnesium depletion accurately is due to
the fact that only 1% of the magnesium found in the body is actually located in the blood. And,
38
as the body works with superior efficiency to keep the blood supply within a tight constant, even
those with outright magnesium deficits can test within normal ranges.
Doctors Dierck-HartmutandDierck-EkkehardLiebscher have examined closely the use of blood

serum testing in magnesium deficiency diagnosis and have found fault specifically with the critical
values used to differentiate deficiency from normal magnesium levels. Their report, published in
the Journal of the American College of Nutrition, finds that as many as 50% of cases of deficiency
may go untreated due to errors in reading serum magnesium reports. (8)
It has been noted that as many as 50% of cases of deficiency may

go untreated. This can be due to errors in reading serum magnesium
reports.
New methods of magnesium testing are under continuous development, such as the ExaTest
offered by Intracellular Diagnosics of California.
Yet many practitioners are not familiar with these methods and their price places them out
of reach of many medical researchers. Until a more accurate and affordable method of assessing
deficiency in magnesium is more widely employed, only a handful of physicians will have the tools
necessary to accurately diagnose the need for magnesium therapy, and provide it for those who
truly need it.
This leaves those who may suspect a deficiency with only a few choices:
Seek out some of the more advanced, and sometimes more costly, magnesium testing
available today,
Or, proactively supplement with magnesium in order to test its effect.
Fortunately, magnesium supplementation is both safe and recommended by the leading
magnesium experts.
Learn about types of magnesium supplements in Burts Remedies articles Magnesium
Part II, III and Burts Remedies Topical Transdermal Mineral Magnesium Oil-Part II onhow
to choose the best one for you. Also in these articles you can read about how transdermal
magnesium therapy bypasses the G.I. tract.
Explanation #2: Magnesium assists other functions.

Another reason for a lack of awareness of magnesium deficiency may actually be the breadth of
magnesiums influence on so many of the bodys systemsthe nervous, cardiovascular, immune,
39
and muscular systems, to name a few.

Because it operates on a cellular level as a key to over hundreds of biochemical reactions,
symptoms of deficiency may overlap those of alternate causes.
Similarly, symptoms may not exclusively identify a deficiency in magnesium as a cause.
A lack of clarity in identifying magnesium deficiency as a sole cause of symptoms may cause
some doctors to look elsewhere. Yet many experts recommend the opposite approach: investigating
the possibility of magnesium supplementationa safe, natural, and essential nutrientbefore
employing other possible treatments.
When discussing pharmaceutical treatments for migraine headaches, for example, Dr. Jay Cohen,
an expert on prescription drugs and their side effects, states:
Of all the nutritional and non-drug methods that people can adopt to
prevent and treat migraine headaches, magnesium supplementation
ranks first. (9)
Explanation #3: Magnesium cannot be patented.

Authors and researchers, when writing about magnesium, consistently lament the lack of
awareness among doctors of its potential therapeutic applications. The same can be said for an
awareness among doctors of the benefits of nutrition in general.
Dr. Jay Cohen, in his book The Magnesium Solution for Migraines and Headaches, writes
about his experience attending the Gordon Research Conference, an international conference of
magnesium researchers and scientists. He explains:
One of the concerns of the experts at this conference was the

difficulty in getting information about magnesium into the hands
of everyday practitioners. Without the resources of a drug company
for advertising, free seminars, and sales representatives carrying
studies and samples to doctors offices, it can be very difficult to get
independent information into doctors awareness. (9)
40
The Real Vitamin and Mineral Book, a bestseller

now in its fourth edition, explains very plainly the
advantage of pharmaceutical information over
nutritional information in its dissemination to the
medical community:
Its all about the money, and the vast majority of dietary supplements
are not patentable It costs more than $400 million to bring a new
drug to market a number out of the reach of any dietary supplement
company. And even with great research, supplement companies
lack the funds to compete with the billions spent on advertising and
lobbying by the pharmaceutical industry. (5)
Medical doctors are trained more heavily in the actions of prescription medications than they are
in basic nutrition. When they do enter medical practice a major source of their ongoing education
is pharmaceutical companies pamphlets and information provided by sales representatives.
In many cases, vitamin and mineral treatments may be investigated prior to resorting to drugs.
But pharmaceutical companies have no vested interest in accompanying their literature with
information about these alternatives.
Yet developments are being made. Researchers like those at the Gordon Conference continue
to study the benefits of magnesium, and worldwide organizations have made inroads to public
awareness.
In 2006, the World Health Organization hosted a panel following the International Symposium on Health Aspects of Calcium and Magnesium in Drinking Water, to examine the
potential health benefits of increasing magnesium and calcium levels in worldwide water
supplies. Their consensus report acknowledged the evidence for a protective relationship
between magnesium, heart health and diabetes. (1)
In March 2005, the George and Patsy Eby Foundation provided funding to distribute 1000
copies of The Magnesium Miracle andThe Magnesium Factorto members of Congress.
41
References for: Magnesium Deficiency Part 3

Why are many magnesium deficiencies not recognized?
November 6, 2009.
Urology 1992;39:331-3.
(9) Heaney RP, Rafferty K. Carbonated beverages and urinary calcium excretion. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.2001; 74:343347.
42
Article (4)
Correcting Widespread Deficiencies: An Urgent

Matter
In his Letter to Congress, George Eby, of the Eby Research Institute, stressed the urgency of
correcting Americas severe magnesium deficiency:
If these errors were corrected, I believe millions of lives and hundreds

of billions of dollars in cardiac health-care costs would be saved. (10)
Controlled trials continue to be called for toward answering the question of whether magnesium
supplementation can truly alter the course of diseases like diabetes and hypertension. Yet clear
scientific evidence, such as that found in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study, have
shown that low dietary and serum magnesium levels do correlate with a higher prevalence of
hypertension, diabetes, and atherosclerosis. (11)
Even beyond its potential role in preventing these widespread conditions, magnesium quietly
continues to alter the state of well-being of millions.
Those who suffer from magnesium deficiency experience a wide range of symptoms that can
vary from low level to debilitating. And those who choose to correct their deficiencies commonly
experience a long sought-after respite from conditions such as migraines, chronic pain, low
energy and insomnia.
Considering that an estimated 75% of Americans are magnesium

deficient (1), and 19% of Americans consume less than half of the
magnesium necessary for health (12), the bulk of evidence points
to magnesium supplementation as a pivotal aspect of optimal and
preventive health.
How much magnesium do you need? Where can you get it? Read about sources of magnesium
in Burts Remedies information pertaining to Magnesium in the Diet found in Burts Remedies
article Magnesium Part III.
43
How do you choose a magnesium supplementation? Learn how to sort out the good from the
bad, in Burts Remedies article Magnesium Part I and Burts Remedies article Burts Remedies
Topical Mineral Magnesium Oil-Parts VI, VII, and VIII.
Statistics on Magnesium Deficiency
(10) Irwin R, Rippe J. Irwin and Rippes Intensive Care Medicine. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins; 2008.
(11) Shane SR, Flink EB. Magnesium deficiency in alcohol addiction and withdrawal. Magnesium and trace elements.
1991-1992;10(2-4):263-8.
(12) Wester PO. Magnesium.American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.1987; 45:1305-12.
44
Part 4
Magnesium Deficiency Causes
(1) Introduction...47
(2) Magnesium depletion in healthy individuals can be caused by: ...48
(a) Depletion of Magnesium in the Diet
(b) Soft Water
(c) Calcium Supplements
(3) Some conditions can increase vulnerability to deficiency, including:...51
(a) Alcohol and Other Addictions
(b) Aging, Illness and Stress
(c) Digestive and genetic disorders
(4) Know Your Risk Factors...53
Article (1)
Introduction
A magnesium poor diet in America is the norm, not the exception.
The average American diet supplies less than two thirds of the magnesium required by the body.
(1), (2) Yet each person is individual, not only in their intake of magnesium, but also in their ability
to absorb and utilize this key mineral.
The question of what causes low magnesium is in some ways easy to answer when examining
modern eating habits. A visit to the local supermarket finds cashiers unable to identify basic green
vegetables such as kale, chard, and mustard greens, all high in magnesium.
It is not uncommon to find adults and children who state, I dont eat things that are green.
Fried foods such as chips and French fries have replaced healthy finger foods such as nuts and seeds.
And millions around the world have entirely replaced their consumption of mineral-containing
water with the consumption of carbonated beverages and coffeedrinks which actually reduce
available magnesium through their high phosphate and sugar content and diuretic properties.
Each of these common eating habits compounds to create a general lack of magnesium in the
diet. The consequences of the American diet on magnesium status are direct:
A high-saturated fat diet reduces magnesium absorption in the intestines. (4),(5)
High sugar intake increases excretion of magnesium by the kidneys. (3), (4)
Phosphates found in carbonated beverages such as dark-colored sodas bind magnesium,
rendering it unusable by the body.
46
Article (2)
Magnesium
depletion in healthy individuals can be

caused by:
(a) Depletion of Magnesium in the Diet/ Low Magnesium Diets/Processed Foods and Sodas
The typical American diet, which is rich in fat, sugar, salt, synthetic vitamin D, phosphates,
protein, and supplemented calcium, not only is deficient in magnesium but actually increases the
need for magnesium in the body. (3)
Magnesium-rich foods include whole grains, leafy greens, nuts and seeds. Foods like these were
once common in diets around the world, but an increase in both food processing and the availability
of enticing convenience foods with added fats and sugars has had its impact. Whole and unrefined
foods high in magnesium are becoming increasingly rare in the modern diet.
Read more:
Learn about the good sources of magnesium. See Burts Remedies What is Magnesium? /
Forms of magnesium / Why we need it Part III-Magnesium in the Diet / The Good Sources of
Magnesium in Food.
(b) Soft Water and Magnesium

In areas with high mineral water content, increased magnesium consumption has been shown to
have positive effects on health. Similarly, soft water sources have been shown to reduce magnesium
intake, and in some cases may contribute to magnesium deficiency. 6, 7
A symposium held by the World Health Organization in 2009 brought together scientists and
medical professionals to review scientific evidence for the impact of calcium and magnesium in
drinking water. Magnesium and health experts examined whether water softening may be a factor in
what causes magnesium deficiency throughout the world, and considered what recommendations
should be made as to softening and/or supplementation of global water supplies.
The symposium made clear acknowledgement of the benefit of magnesium in drinking water to
public health. Directly addressing heart health specifically, it was stated:
The studies do show a [protective effect] between cardiovascular mortality and drinking-water
magnesium. Although this association does not necessarily demonstrate causality, it is consistent
with the well-known effects of magnesium on cardiovascular function. (8)
47
Water softening is often done to improve the household cleaning properties of water, yet doing
so removes a valuable source of magnesiumone that can provide as much as 50% of the RDA in
some parts of the world.
Increasingly, municipal water sources remove magnesium as a part of water treatment, though
some municipal sources do re-supplement water supplies after softening. Depletion of magnesium
at the source can be a significant factor in low magnesium status.
Experts advise:
1. Contacting local government resources to determine the magnesium content of your water
supply.
2. Seeking a magnesium content of at least 10-30% of RDA per two liters (68 fluid oz.), or a
minimum content of approximately 130 ppm or mg/L.
3. Actively supplementing magnesium in cases where water magnesium content is low.
(c) Calcium Supplements

Excess Calcium and Magnesium: Magnesium deficiencys causes can also include
supplementation of other competing vitamins and nutrients. Today many people, especially
women, supplement with calcium to prevent bone loss and osteoporosis.
Calcium cannot be effectively utilized or absorbed without adequate

magnesium.
Yet widespread knowledge of the need for calcium is, unfortunately, not accompanied by a
widespread knowledge of the need for magnesium. As a result, many are actively depleting their
magnesium stores without realizing itthrough their supplementation with calcium.
An overabundance of calcium increases the bodys need for magnesium. And calcium cannot be
effectively utilized or absorbed without adequate magnesium.
It is commonly recommended to take calcium and magnesium supplements at a 2:1 ratio.
However, according to several magnesium experts a 1:1 ratio (or even a ratio that favors magnesium)
can sometimes be advisable, especially when certain conditions or illnesses or present, or when the
diet is skewed excessively toward calcium intake, as is the case with many American diets. (3), (4)
(d) Prescriptions and Over the Counter Medications

Medications That Can Cause Magnesium Deficiency
Among the known magnesium deficiency causes are prescription medications such as diuretics,
antibiotics, painkillers and cortisone, which can deplete magnesium levels in the body by impairing
absorption or by increasing excretion by the kidneys.
48
Some specific medications that increase excretion of magnesium and/or increase the bodys
magnesium requirements are:
Certain antibiotics such as Garamycin, tobramycin (Nebcin), carbenicillin, ticaricillin, amphotericin B and antibiotics of the tetracycline class
The anti-fungal drug Pentamidine, used to prevent and treat pneumonia
Estrogen, found in birth control pills and hormone replacement therapy
Corticosteroids such as hydrocortisone
Diuretics such as Edercrin, Lasix, mannitol, and thiazides (with names commonly ending in
-zide)
Certain heart failure medications including digitalis, digoxin (Lanoxin), Qunidex, and
Cordarone
Medications used to treat irregular heartbeat, such as Cordarone (amiodarone), bretylium,
quinidine (Cardioquin) and sotalol (Betapace)
The anti-cancer drug Platinol, and other immunosuppressant drugs such as Neoral and
Sandimmune
Antineoplastics, used in chemotherapy, and radiation
Asthma medications such as epinephrine, isoproterenol and aminophylline
The antipsychotic and antischizophrenic drugs Pimozide (Orap), Mellaril and Stelazine4
49
Article (3)
Some
conditions can increase vulnerability to

deficiency, including:
(a) Alcohol and other Addictions

Addiction, Alcoholism and Magnesium Depletion: In cases of addiction or alcoholism,
low intake and absorption can cause magnesium deficiency. Complications such as
liver disease, vomiting and diarrhea reduce body levels of magnesium, and treatment of
addiction may in fact further complicate issues when withdrawal is experienced. In some
cases, intravenous magnesium replacement is warranted during severe alcohol withdrawal.
(9)
(b) Illness, Stress and Aging as Causes of Low Magnesium

Stressful conditions require more magnesium by the body, thus those experiencing these
conditions are more susceptible to magnesium deficiency. Examples include:
Surgery
Burns
Liver disease
Diabetes
Hormonal imbalances
These conditions not only increase the bodys need for magnesium, but also may reduce stomach
acid levels, reducing the bodys ability to break down foods and supplements into an absorbable
form. Magnesiums bioavailability is vulnerable to a reduction in hydrochloric acid, because many
forms of magnesium must be broken down into an ionic form in the digestive tract to be used by
the body.
The natural process of aging also reduces stomach acid levels and is associated with reduced
absorption of magnesium.
Once broken down in the stomach, magnesium must be absorbed in the small intestine. The
level of absorption is also known to be affected by an individuals state of health, as well as the
presence of other minerals such as iron and calcium, which can impede magnesium absorption.
50
See also: Learn about magnesium chloride a highly soluble form of magnesium that supports
healthy chloride levels in the GI tract. See Burts Remedies What is Magnesium? / Forms of
magnesium / Why we need it Part IV-Magnesium chloride-The Master Magnesium Compound
(c) Digestive and Genetic Disorders

Diseases of Magnesium Mal-absorption and Depletion: Digestive disorders such as Crohns
disease, genetic diseases and other conditions may cause magnesium wasting by the kidneys or
problems with absorption. For such individuals, higher intakes of magnesium are required to replace
amounts lost.
Some syndromes associated with problems of magnesium absorption include:
Crohns disease
Celiac sprue
Patients undergoing ileal (intestinal) resection or ileal

bypass for treatment of obesity
Whipples disease
Terminal ileal diseases
Short bowel syndrome
Tubular disorders
Intestinal mucosal diseases
Congenital renal (kidney) magnesium wasting
Intestinal lymphangiectasia
Interstitial nephritis
Cystic fibrosis
Acute tubular necrosis
Cholestatic liver disease
Drug-induced tubular injury (e.g. aminoglycosides,

amphotericin B, cisplatin)
Pancreatic insufficiency
Radiation enteritis
Systemic mastocytosis
Kidney transplant
Renal tubular acidosis
Bartters syndrome
Disorders such as these may be difficult to diagnose, though chronic deficiency symptoms such
as muscle cramping, fatigue, irritability or high blood pressure may be an indication of magnesium
depletion when accompanied by adequate dietary magnesium intake.
In addition, severe diabetic ketoacidosis may be a cause of hypo-magnesemia. In these cases,
extreme insulin deficiency leads to breakdown of compounds within the cells, releasing magnesium
and excreting it from the body.
Read more:
See a complete list of the Burts Remedies Magnesium Deficiency Part I including-Symptoms
of Low Magnesium Deficiency
51
Article (4)
Know Your Risk Factors

Due to an inability to accurately test body magnesium content, it is unknown exactly how many
Americans are currently magnesium deficient, nor how many persons are deficient worldwide.
Current tests focus on serum magnesium, which has been shown inadequate to pinpoint the
existence or non-existence of a potential bodily deficiency. Since only 1% of bodily magnesium is
stored in the blood, low blood magnesium cause and effect does not necessarily overlap magnesium
deficiency cause and effect. Alternate magnesium tests do exist, such as challenge testing, load
testing, and the more recent ExaTest, but these are less commonly adopted by health professionals.
Because of this difficulty in diagnosing magnesium deficiency, many doctors and health
providers will consider not just test results and current symptoms, but also risk factors when
addressing the possibility of magnesium deficiency.
For individuals considering their own magnesium status, the key is knowing both:
The Causes of magnesium deficiency (described in Magnesium Deficiency Part 4 Magnesium Deficiency Causes)
The Signs of Magnesium Deficiency including tell-tale symptoms and conditions in Burts
Remedies article Magnesium Deficiency Part 2.
By understanding the causes of a lack of magnesium, its possible for each of us to make
proactive individual decisions on whether to supplement this commonly deficient essential
mineral.
For persons without kidney disease, magnesium supplementation has no side effects
other than loose stools when taken orally, indicating a need to reduce dosage. (2)

Magnesium Deficiency Causes
1) Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorous, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride.
Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1997.
2) Altura BM, Altura BT. Magnesium: Forgotten Mineral in Cardiovascular Biology and Therogenesis. In: International
Magnesium Symposium. New Perspectives in Magnesium Research. London: Springer-Verlag; 2007:239-260.
3) Dean C. The Magnesium Miracle. New York: Ballantine Books; 2007.
4) Seelig M, Rosanoff A. The Magnesium Factor. New York: Avery; 2003.
5) Ovesen L, Chu R, Howard L. The influence of dietary fat on jejunostomy output in patients with severe short bowel
syndrome. The American Journal Of Clinical Nutrition [serial online]. August 1983;38(2):270-277. Available from: MEDLINE
52
with Full Text, Ipswich, MA. Accessed October 26, 2009.

6) Flink EB. Nutritional aspects of magnesium metabolism. Western Journal of Medicine. 1980;133:304-312. Available at:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1272307/pdf/westjmed00230-0028.pdf. Accessed October 31, 2009.
7) Anderson TW, Neri LC, Schreiber GB et al. Ischemic heart disease, water hardness and myocardial magnesium.
Canadian Medical Association Journal. 1975;113:199-203. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/
PMC1956535/pdf/canmedaj01540-0035.pdf. Accessed October 31, 2009.
8) World Health Organization. Calcium and Magnesium in Drinking Water: Public health significance. Geneva: World
Health Organization Press; 2009.
9) Berkelhammer C, Bear R. A clinical approach to common electrolyte problems: 4. Hypomagnesemia. Canadian
Medical Association Journal. February 15, 1985;132(4):360-368. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/
PMC1345822/pdf/canmedaj00255-0058.pdf. Accessed October 31, 2009.
53
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Magnesium Deficiency

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Magnesium

General Information about Magnesium as Pertaining To - Stress: ................................................ 10

General Information about Magnesium as Pertaining To - Drugs: ................................................ 18

Signs Of Magnesium Deficiency................................................................................................................... 25

Correcting Widespread Deficiencies: An Urgent Matter....................................................................44

Some conditions can increase vulnerability to deficiency, including:............................................ 51

Know Your Risk Factors................................................................................................................................. 53

Magnesium is involved in almost every bodily function participating

References for: Magnesium Deficiency-Part I / Introduction

Calcium and magnesium share equal importance in our bodies.

Magnesium is essential to the maintenance of an adequate

Regrettably only a few have bothered to pay attention.

References for: Magnesium Deficiency-Part I

General Information about Magnesium

Stress causes magnesium deficiency and a lack of magnesium

Chronic Inflammation and Systemic Stress

In the final analysis there is no single medical or nutritional agent

Obesity, over consumption of hydrogenated oils, periodontal

Dr.Marcelle Pick RNC,MSM,OB/GYN NP and co-founder of Women to Women helps us to

It can lead to serious metabolic breakdown with vast implications

Need a healthy balance of inflammation to stay healthy.

Inflammation and systemic stress are central attributes of many

When the bodys immune system turns on itself, as in the case of

in magnesium we have found a potent medicinal that is effective

References for: Magnesium Deficiency-Part I

General Information about Magnesium

(10) Muscle cramps

(12) Intestinal complaints

(13) Tightness in chest

(14) Poor attention

(16) Memory loss

If these symptoms are a direct result of magnesium deficiency,

Do I get enough magnesium?

* How important is magnesium to life?

Plants capture light primarily using the green pigment

MAGNESIUM IS AT THE CENTER OF IT ALL. MAGNESIUM IS THE

Magnesium is needed by plants to form chlorophyll. Without

For more information on Photosynthesis and Chlorophyll click on to:

As Dr. Sircus emphasizes it:

predominantly inside cells of body tissues and organs

Watch Videos on Magnesium

Signs Of Magnesium Deficiency

3. Do you drink coffee, tea, or other caffeinated drinks daily?

6. Do you drink more than seven alcoholic beverages per week?

Though many reports suggest taking calcium to magnesium in a 2:1

The body tends to retain calcium when in a magnesium-deficient

9. Do you experience any of the following:

Without magnesium, our muscles would be in a constant state of contraction.

Two sides of a physiological coin; they have actions that oppose

* How can you know for certain if you have a deficiency?

The clinical manifestations of magnesium deficiency are difficult to

Normal serum and plasma magnesium concentrations have been

* What can you do to increase magnesium intake?

If you answered no to all of the above questions, you may be able

Im convinced that to get enough magnesium today, you need to

Magnesium researcher Mildred Seelig has called magnesium:

the missing link to total health.

* Signs of Magnesium Deficiency

Impaired muscle coordination (ataxia)

Irritability and anxiety

Involuntary eye movements and vertigo

Impaired memory and cognitive function

Anorexia or loss of appetite

Increased intracellular calcium