Gumjae Bridge - Extradosed Bridge Parametric Study

www.MidasUser.
com
Modeling, Integrated Design & Analysis Software
Extradosed Bridge Design

and Construction
Naga Ravi Kiran
MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd.
Structural Engineering Seminar
Contents
Extra Dosed Bridge A Introduction
Gyumjae Bridge Project
http://www.MidasUser.com
Introduction
Cable Stayed Bridge
Extradosed Bridge
What is the difference?

3
Introduction
Tension
Tension
Prestress
Compression
Cable Stayed Bridge
Compression
Extradosed Bridge
Structural Behavior
Cable Stayed Bridge
Extradosed Bridge
Stay cables vertically support the girder like
Extradosed cables transmit longitudinal force
elastic bearings to the girder
to the girder like post-tensioning tendons with

very large eccentricities.
Design Criteria for Geometry

Span by depth ratio: L/hc = 30-35
Span by tower height ratio: L/Ht = 15
Side span to main span ratio: L1/L = 0.6-0.8
Cable arrangement: Semi-fan or harp cable arrangement
Advantages
Suitable for spans of 100-200 m

No need for diaphragms at anchorage locations
Use of normal prestressing anchorages
No need for tendon adjustment
Smaller stress change in cables due to live loads
More compact pylons

Less changes in deck deflection during construction by Balanced Cantilever Method
Simplified construction due to Lower height of pylons.
Analysis Procedure
Analysis for an Extradosed bridge is done in 2 steps:
1. Preliminary analysis to find cable forces or Final Stage Analysis:

a) Full Modeling without Construction stages
b) Simple linear static analysis

c) Calculation of Unknown Load factors for Initial Cable force.
2. Design Stage Construction Analysis:

a) Full model along with the Construction stages
b) Application of Initial Cable pretension
c) Construction Stage analysis
d) Time dependent Material Analysis
8
Analysis Procedure
Final Stage Analysis:
The starting point for design of a cable stayed bridge is an idealised stressed state at a given
time
This is defined as the Final Stage
Static and Dynamic analyses
The construction sequence and cable
and section design are
installation forces are developed such
---------undertaken using th
that the final stage is achieved at the
e final stage
given time
Analysis Procedure
Cable bridges are highly redundant structures
This gives the designer flexibility to prescribe a set of cable forces that will achieve a preferred
final stressed state for the deck, pylons and cables under a given loading condition (dead + SDL)
Instantaneous Dead Load
10
Instantaneous Dead Load + Cable Prestress Forces
Deflection
Deflection
Deck Moment Distribution
Deck Moment Distribution
Analysis Procedure
Design Stage Construction Analysis:
Objectives of design stage construction analysis
To determine the forces in the cable stays at each construction stage
Check stresses in the girder, pylon and cables at each construction stage
Check deformations of the structure at each construction stage
Arrive at the design final stage condition
Assumptions
Adopt an assumed construction sequence
Assumed construction loading and ambient conditions
11
Contents
12
Introduction to Extra Dosed Bridge
Gyumjae Bridge Project
2. Project outline
Name
Gyumjae Bridge Basic Design of Construction [Developed by: Seoul Department

of Transportation]
Location
The Bridge is located between the three way of Hweekyung Middle and High
School of Dongdaemungu Hweekyung dong, and four way of Junglanggu Myunmok
dong Dong 2 Street.
Goal
Construction of a Bridge and Highway to connecting Dong Dae Moon Gu Hwui

gyung dong and Jung Lang Gu Myun Mok Dong and deal with the expected
development and traffic flow with Mang Woo Ro, Sa Ga Jung Gil, Dong 2 Ro, Ha
Chun Ro, and etc.
Construction scale
13
Construction scale
- Total span: 1,085M
- Bridge Length : 393M
Across length of Jung-lang stream: Width 24M, Total Length 225M
Connecting bridge: Width 15M, Length 168M
- Expansion of road: Width 30M, Length 692M
3. Project Location
Total Length: L=1085m

Road expansion: B=30m, L=692m
Main Bridge: B=24m, L=225m
Connection Bridge: B=15m, L=168m
14
4. Structure of Steel Arch Bridge

Transverse Section
Plan
Section
Bridge Dimension
Discussion
15
L = 40.0 + 140.0 + 40.0 = 220.0m,

B = Nielsen Arch : 24.9m
Interference between the bicycle path and pier
Irregular span ratio of the main and the connected Bridge
(1:3.5:1)
Lack of originality since Ihwa Bridge which is
preliminary designed has the same structure
Estimated cost of Construction

Budget assumed : $19.87 Million
(Nielsen Arch : $4500/)
Underestimated Construction budget
at preliminary design
$13.54 Million (Arch : $3200/)
4. Structure of Extradosed Bridge

Transverse Section
Plan
Section
Bridge Dimensions
Discussion
16
Estimated cost of Construction
L = 60.0 + 105.0 + 60.0 = 225.0m, B=23.74m

The form as an Extrodosed Bridge will be the first trial in Seoul
but has been imported actively recently
Maximizing the wide open view for the users by locating the Main tower and
Cables in the center
About $18.16 Million

(Unit Construction cost: $3400/)

EXTRADOSED Bridge with main tower, 3 span
Preliminary Design
17
Cable
arrangements
FAN arrangement
Harp arrangement
Number
of Cables
7 lines on
one side
(0.6-27)
(0.6-29)
(0.6-31)
Main
Tower Height
H=10,12,14m
L=105.0m
(L/8~L/12)
Section
Uniformed section
H=2.5m
L=105.0m
(L/30~L/60)
Optimum Design of Bridge

Cable arrangement:
FAN arrangement
Number of Cables: 7 lines (0.6-29EA)
Height of the Main Tower:
H=12.0m (L/8.75)
Section: Uniformed Section 2.5m(L/40)
Birds eye view
18
Drivers eye view
19
Side Perspective
Transverse section Main Bridge
20
Transverse section Connected Bridge
5. Construction Method
1) Construction method of EXTRADOSED PSC BOX GIRDER Bridge
The current construction methods of Extradosed PSC BOX Girder Bridges can be categorized in FSM (Full
Staging Method) or BCM (Balanced Cantilever Method).
Construction Method
F.S.M
Full Staging Method
B.C.M
Balanced Cantilever Method
Characteristics of the Construction Method

Name
Restrictions
F.S.M
B.C.M
21
Restrictions by the bottom

conditions are crucial,
depending on the supporting
system. Restricted by Weather
Duration
Construction is fast due to
the lumped pouring method.
Less restrictions by the bottom Slow construction due to

condition, weather, and
forward construction stage
environment
method
Economic
Constructability
Economical efficiency is
There are plenty of domestic
determined by the height of the
bridges constructed by this method.
supporting.
Easy to construct
Lower pier is more cost-effective
Cost-effective if higher pier or if
there is limited space underneath
the bridge. For instance, bridge
over rail road, bridge over the
sea.
Construction management is
complicated due to having
measurements of each stage.
Similar construction of each stage
will increase the skill to construct
another stage.
1) F.S.M construction (1/2)
Introduction
The F.S.M. construction applied for P.S.C Box Girder bridge is a method continuously pouring concrete on site.
The method installs supports for the entire area till concrete gains its proper strength.
The supports are intended to uphold temporarily the self weight of the concrete, concrete forms, and workbenches.
Characteristics
Low cost of equipment, simple method of construction
Cost effective for level ground and low bridges
Fast construction, stable supports during construction
Mostly used for PSC BOX Girder bridge
Classification
Fully supported
22
Partially supported
Girder Supported
1) F.S.M construction (2/2)
The order of Construction
Install supports
Install platform
Pouring concrete and cure
Install concrete form
Pre-stressing
Install Reinforcement, P.S steel
Grouting
Remove concrete form
Remove supports
23
2) B.C.M Construction (1/2)

Introduction
B.C.M construction applied for the P.S.C. Box Girder Bridge is a method pouring concrete on site for each segment. The bridge construction is
started with the construction of the cap of the pier and followed by forming segments of the bridge by using a special device named Form Traveler.
Characteristics
Little effect of supporting conditions
Possible for constructing long suspension bridge without heavy duty equipment
Less weather effect
Accuracy of the construction can be enhanced by the correction of errors at each construction stage.
Precise construction and management needed due to changes in the structural system by each construction stage.
High construction fee compared with F.S.M
Considerations
Since the creep and shrinkage of concrete and the relaxation of the reinforcement are considered, the follows should be taken into consideration.
Continuous arrangements of Sheath which places the reinforcement

Accurate calculation of friction loss and CAMBER management for each construction stage
Disperse of the stress applied to reinforcement connections
Secondary stress due to creep and shrinkage of concrete
If the assumptions change during construction, design should also change with reflecting Feed-Back to construction.
24
2) B.C.M Construction (2/2)

Order of Construction
Start of Construction
Construct supports
Construction of SEGMENT
Construction of side-span support
Tension of reinforcement
Grouting
repeat
Pouring/curing concrete
Completion of successive support

construction
Construct pier, temporary supporting
system and the main tower
repeat
Assemble Construction
Form
Assemble
reinforcement
Assemble Sheath pipe
Assembling Construction
vehicle (F/T)
Move and re-construct the form traveler

Completion of the 1st span / move the
form traveler
Construct the connection
Water proof of bridge surface
Finish
25
6. Structural analysis of each construction method
1) Analysis of each construction based on Elastic Link (Compression only) of midas Civil
Approach
Examine the principle role of Elastic Link (Compression Only) for midas Civil construction stage
analysis by using a simple example of Prestress Concrete structure with temporary support
Principle
Explaining statically indeterminate structure with displacement method
Compression Only stiffness of the Elastic Link is the total force of Compression only added by
each construction stage
26
1) Analysis theory of each construction stage (1/5)
10.000
850
150
P
L
The problem includes successive

construction model for P.S.C structure by
FSM, which contains 10m beam, eccentric
distance 350mm, and constant Prestressed
Force applied.
E
M o d elin g
M
O
K1
K2
K3 K4 K5 K6 K7 K8 K9
E lastic Lin k (C o m p ressio n O n ly)
D
E
D ead Lo ad & P restressed F o rce Lo ad in g
L
K3 K4 K5 K6 K7
E ffective E lastic Lin k (C o m p ressio n O n ly)
27
Modeling is based on midas Civil applying

the supports as Elastic Link Boundary
Conditions (Compression Only K=)
Compression Only is the total moment
when Dead Load and Prestressed Force
Loading is applied as compressive condition
is effective and the tension boundary
condition is excluded.
[ K3=K4=K5=K6=K7= )
D ead Lo ad & P restressed F o rce Lo ad in g
A
1
M
P
L
1 = D isp lacem en t o f D ead & P restrssed F o rce Lo ad in g

= K n o w n value ( D isp lacem en t o f D eterm in ate B eam )
Analysis : Apply displacement method

Calculate the displacement 1 of the
statically determinate structure with the total
of Dead & Prestressed Force Loading.
F3
F4
F5
F6
F7
2 = D isp lacem en t o f In d etd erm in te F o rce Lo ad in g
= f(F i) F un ctio n o f F i(in d eterm in ate F o rce)
E
to t
to t = 1 - 2
to t = f(K /F i) : F un ctio n o f F i & K (stiffn ess o f sp rin g fo r b en ts)
28
Calculate springs reaction force by

calculating the displacement of Indeterminate
Force Loading, and the displacement
calculated are indicated as function
F3~F7. 2 = f(Fi)
Unknown reaction force is analyzed by
calculating the secondary Indeterminate
Force (Fi) which occurs due to the mean
displacements (tot=1-2, tot=(K/Fi) ) of
each springs (K3~K7)
A p = 12.7- 3E A
150
850
1.500
150
10.000
850
S
A
M
P
L
E
F
S
M
Tendon 1
M
O
D
E
L
Model that applied Elastic Link (Compression only) to each temporary support
29
M
O
M
E
N
T
-3.8
-3.8
-3.8
-3.8
-3.8
-3.8
-3.8
-3.8
-3.8
-3.8
D
E
A
D
+
P
T
-3.8
14250(Stress)
14250(Stress)
MIDAS/Civil
POST-PROCESSOR
MIDAS/Civil
POST-PROCESSOR
BEAM DIAGRAM
BEAM DIAGRAM
MOMENT-y
MOMENT-y
8 . 9 7 1 8 1 e- 0 0 1
2.98548e+000
0 . 0 0 0 0 0 e+ 0 0 0
2.47056e+000
- 1 . 7 2 5 1 7 e+ 0 0 0
1.95564e+000
- 3 . 0 3 6 3 4 e+ 0 0 0
1.44073e+000
- 4 . 3 4 7 5 2 e+ 0 0 0
9.25809e-001
4.10892e-001
- 5 . 6 5 8 6 9 e+ 0 0 0
-13.526
-13.526
-5.000
0.897
0.892
-0.305
-0.305
0. 892
0.897
-5.000
- 6 . 9 6 9 8 7 e+ 0 0 0
0.00000e+000
- 8 . 2 8 1 0 4 e+ 0 0 0
-6.18942e-001
- 9 . 5 9 2 2 1 e+ 0 0 0
-2.679
-2.679
- 1 . 0 9 0 3 4 e+ 0 0 1
- 1 . 2 2 1 4 6 e+ 0 0 1
2.857
2.985
-0.453
-0.453
-1.13386e+000
-2.679
-2.679
-1.64878e+000
2.985
2.857
STAGE:CS1
CS: Summation
Last Step
STAGE:CS1
CS: Dead Load
Last Step
MAX : 8
MIN : 1
MAX : 9
MIN : 7
F I L E : P S C B E A M- B ~
FILE: PSC BEAM-B~

UNIT: tonfm
DATE: 11/09/2005
UNIT: tonfm
D A T E : 1 1 / 0 9 / 2 00 5
VIEW-DIRECTION
(1)
30
Moment Summation
-2.16369e+000
-2.67861e+000
- 1 . 3 5 2 5 7 e+ 0 0 1
X : 0.000
VIEW-DIRECTION
X: 0.000
Y : -1.000
Y:-1.000
Z : 0.000
Z: 0.000
Dead Load Moment

M
O
M
E
N
T
-13.526
-13. 526
-13.526
-13.526
-13.526
-13.526
-13.526
-13.526
-13. 526
-13.526
MIDAS/Civil
POST-PROCESSOR
MIDAS/Civil
POST-PROCESSOR
BEAM DIAGRAM
BEAM DIAGRAM
MOMENT-y
MOMENT-y
-1.35257e+001
1 . 7 0 0 6 5 e+ 0 0 1
-1.35257e+001
1 . 5 4 6 0 4 e+ 0 0 1
-1.35257e+001
1 . 3 9 1 4 4 e+ 0 0 1
-1.35257e+001
1 . 2 3 6 8 3 e+ 0 0 1
-1.35257e+001
1 . 0 8 2 2 3 e+ 0 0 1
-1.35257e+001
9 . 2 7 6 2 5 e+ 0 0 0
-1.35257e+001
7 . 7 3 0 2 1 e+ 0 0 0
6 . 1 8 4 1 6 e+ 0 0 0
-1.35257e+001
4 . 6 3 8 1 2 e+ 0 0 0
-1.35257e+001
-1.35257e+001
5 .669
11.338
-1.35257e+001
17.006
17.00 6
13.7 32
13. 732
17 .006
17.006
11.338
5.669
3 . 0 9 2 0 8 e+ 0 0 0
1 . 5 4 6 0 4 e+ 0 0 0
0 . 0 0 0 0 0 e+ 0 0 0
-1.35257e+001
(2)
STAGE:CS1
CS: Tendon Prima~
Last Step
STAGE:CS1
CS: Tendon Secon~
Last Step
MAX : 1
MIN : 1
MAX : 3
MIN : 1
FILE: PSC BEAM-B~

UNIT: tonfm
DATE: 11/09/2005
F I L E : P S C B E A M- B ~
UNIT: tonfm
D A T E : 1 1 / 0 9 / 2 00 5
VIEW-DIRECTION
VIEW-DIRECTION
X: 0.000
X : 0.000
Y:-1.000
Y : -1.000
Z: 0.000
Z : 0.000
Tendon Primary Moment
Tendon Secondary Moment
Axial Load of Springs (ton)
31
Summation
Dead
Tendon
Primary
Tendon
Secondary
F3
-1.68
-10.62
8.94
F4
-4.74
-1.65
-3.09
+ Tension (tonf)
F5
-3.86
-3.5
-0.36
- Compression (tonf)
F6
-4.74
-1.65
-3.09
F7
-1.68
-10.62
8.94
Remarks
F1, F2, F8, F9 are excluded
2) FSM construction stage analysis (1/4)

Steps of Construction

Profile
S T EP
74.500m
74.500m
H.W.L 17.05
A1
16.000m
15.000
(B=14.0X4.7m)
(B=13.0X4.7m)
P1
P2
A2
74.500m
75.000m
74.500m
(1 )
(1 )
2
2
A1
16.000m
15.000
(B=14.0X4.7m)
P1
A2
(B=13.0X4.7m)
P2
74.500m
75.000m
(1 )
(2 )
74.500m
(1 )
A1
16.000m
(B=14.0X4.7m)
15.000
P1
60.000m
P2
105.000m
A2
(B=13.0X4.7m)
4
60.000m
Pylon1
Pylon1
Py
4
4
A1
16.000m
(B=14.0X4.7m)
A2
15.000
P1
60.000m
P2
105.000m
(B=13.0X4.7m)
5
60.000m
5
5
H.W.L 17.05
A1
32
(B=14.0X5.97m)
P1
P2
(B=13.0X5.93m)
A2
Structural Analysis of each construction stage using MIDAS CIVIL
1st Construction Stage: Model and activate side span temporary supports by Elastic link and Support
2nd Construction Stage: Remove side span temp. supports, and activate temp. supports of main span
3rd Construction Stage : Activate the main tower and place the diagonal tension-cables in order
33
Structural Analysis of each construction stage using Midas Civil
4th Construction Stage: Complete diagonal Tension Cables, and remove temp. supports of main span
5th Construction Stage : Pavement and Finishing => Completion of Construction
Design Condition
Structure: 3 span continuous EXTRADOSED P.S.C BOX Bridge Grade: Excellent
Dimensions: L = 60.0 + 105.0 + 60.0 = 225.0 m Bridge Width: B = 23.740 m (4 lanes both way)
Thickness: H = 2.50 m (equal section)
Inclination: S = () 0.5 %
Plane surface alignment: R =
Construction method: F.S.M (Full Staging Method )
Prestress construction: Post-Tensioning Method
34

Upper Combined Stress (Mpa)
Allowable Tensile Stress:

3.20 Mpa
Maximum Tensile Stress:
0.24 Mpa
Allowable Compression
Stress:
-16.00 Mpa
Maximum Compression
Stress:
-10.10 Mpa
Lower Combined Stress (Mpa)
Allowable Tensile Stress:

3.20 Mpa
Maximum Tensile Stress:
0.88 Mpa
Allowable Compression
Stress:
-16.00 Mpa
Maximum Compression
Stress:
-11.75 Mpa
35
3) BCM Construction Stage Analysis (2/4)

Structural Analysis of each construction stage using Midas Civil
1st Construction Stage: Construct Main Pier and Pylon
2nd ~9th Construction Stage: Employ F/T Seg. Construct Diagonal cables
10th Construction Stage: FSM construction for Side Span and apply Pylon1girder Time Load as 255 days
36
7. Economical Analysis
F. S. M
Equipment,
Maintenance &
Operation time
Cost
Net Construction
Cost
37
B. C. M
Equipment
Time
Construction time of temp. supports for Side-Span
20 days
Maintenance time of temp. supports for Side-Span
14 days
Maintenance time of temp. supports for Side-Span

& Main Span
Maintenance time of temp. supports for Main Span
21 days
Equipment
Time
8Seg. 15 days (Time per each Seg.)
120 days
Side Span Key Seg. Connection

Main Span Key Seg. Connection
30 days
30 days
21 days
Maintenance time of temp. support placed in water
2.5
months
F/T Operation time
6 months
Quantity
Cost
Quantity
Cost
Temp. support
13M (USD)
1.2M
(USD)
F/T(4 vehicle of 2 group)
1.8M
Set up, pull down (twice)
0.3M
Operation Cost
35 Seg.
0.05M
Camber
35 times
0.15M
14.1M (USD)
8. Conclusion
Comparison and analysis of applicative and efficiency B.C.M. with F.S.M.
F.S.M. is cost effective, easier to construct, structurally conservative than B.C.M.
For considering restrictions of lower part of F.S.M., midas Civil uses Elastic Link-Compression only function to
analyze each construction stage and optimizes the temporary support usage plan
Analyzed for the considerations of constructing Gyumjae bridge which is construction above Junglang river,
construction over east-west highway, flood control. Comparison and summary of analysis of F.S.M. and B.C.M.
using equal section height of 2.5m Extradosed Bridge.
Cost effective
Construction
For applying F.S.M. there has been 10% reduction of the construction Cost.
B.C.M has a long term of construction since it requires accuracy of managing Camber and
several Seg. Construction stage.

Applying F.S.M workability increases and construction time can reduce
38
Structural analysis comparison(1/9)
B.C.M: Maximum negative moment on supports are relatively greater than Maximum
positive moment in the middle point. The moments are concentrated to the supports.
F.S.M: The moment of the supports and the middle point are relatively balanced.
Dead Load
Moment after 10,000 days

Method
F. S. M
B. C. M
Dead
`
Load
39
Mid-point
255,900 kN-m
22,540 kN-m
Support
-384,800 kN-m
-531,500 kN-m
Reaction force of the moment force due to Dead load
Cable Force
Since on B.C.M positive moment does not occur for diagonal cable forces and the resistance force of
cantilever beam dead load is required, the stress distribution to diagonal cables can be higher than F.S.M.

Method
F. S. M
B. C. M
Cable
`
Force
40
Mid-Point
-212,000 kN-m
Support
297,900 kN-m
0 kN-m
449,900 kN-m
Positive moment of B.C.M is twice smaller than Positive moment of F.S.M

Dead + Cable
Negative moment also occurs very small and B.C.M shows profitable stress distribution.

Method
F. S. M
B. C. M
DEAD +
`
CABLE
41
Mid-Point
48,840 kN-m
27,560 kN-m [56.4%]
Support
-86,890 kN-m
-81,540 kN-m [93.8%]

For B.C.M construction Cantilever Tendon is added on the upper part to resist excessive negative moment.
(Efficient to place internal tendon especially bottom tendon)
For F.S.M. construction it is difficult to place certain tendon at the negative and positive moment.
Comparing the sum of moment BC.M. shows more efficient aspect on Positive and Negative moment .
Tendon Primary

Method
F. S. M
B. C. M
Tendon
Primary
42
Mid-Point
-70,400 kN-m
Total : -21,560 kN-m
-57,830 kN-m
Support
62,950 kN-m
80,620 kN-m
Total :
-920 kN-m
Tendon Secondary Moment is decided by placement and the amount of tendon. F.S.M.
Tendon Secondary
shows efficiency in both positive and negative moment.

However, in the total sum B.C.M. shows efficiency in analysis.

Method
F. S. M
B. C. M
Tendon
Secondary
43
Mid-Point
33,390 kN-m
Total : 11,830 kN-m
Support
23,200 kN-m
Total :
-40 kN-m
38,940 kN-m
Total : 8,670 kN-m
5,500 kN-m
Total : 4,580 kN-m


Creep Secondary Moment behaves similar to the case of Dead Load.
Creep Secondary
In the total sum of positive moment B.C.M. shows efficiency but, in the negative moment
since the Creep Secondary acts F.S.M. show efficiency.

Method
F. S. M
B. C. M
Creep
Secondary
44
Mid-Point
4,639 kN-m
Total : 16,469 kN-m
Support
-16,950 kN-m
0 kN-m
-35,730 kN-m
Total : 8,670 kN-m


Shrinkage Secondary Moment shows similarity in both method.
Shrinkage
Similar to Creep Secondary moment the total sum of positive moment B.C.M. shows
Secondary
efficiency but, in the negative moment since the Shrinkage Secondary acts F.S.M. show
efficiency.
Method
F. S. M
B. C. M
Shrinkage
Secondary
45
Mid-point
9,980 kN-m
Total : 26,449 kN-m
9,177 Kn-m
Total : 17,847 kN-m
Support
-13,230 kN-m
-15,060 Kn-m

Conclusion of
Stress analysis
Structural analysis shows that on the final combination both Method of construction has
similar results.
For stress aspect F.S.M. shows greater and conservative. However since the placement
of Continuity Tendon is functioned to greater section force, it is inefficient for placing
tendon.
Special Loads (D + CF + LI + PS1 + PS2 + CRSH2 + SD)
Method
F. S. M
B. C. M
Upper limit
stress
(MPa)
Bottom limit
stress
(MPa)
46

The results of equally sectioned (H=2.5m) and 7 (0.6-29EA) diagonal cables placed shows
Diagonal stress
that B.C.M. contains construction stages that exceed the allowable stress and becomes
of each
conservative at the final stage.

Construction stage
Therefore for equal section, diagonal force is greater in B.C.M. and becomes conservative
after constructing continuous For applying B.C.M varing section is more efficient.
Method
F. S. M
B. C. M
4800.0
4800.0
4200.0
C9
C10
4000.0
C11
3800.0
C12
3600.0
C13
C14
3400.0
C8
4200.0
C9
C10
4000.0
C11
3800.0
C12
3600.0
C13
C14
3400.0
47
12
11
10
3-6
3-5
3-4
3-3
3-2
3-1
3200.0
2
3200.0
1
Stress
4400.0
Diagonal
C8
Mid-span
4600.0
4400.0
(kN)
PY-1
(kN)
4600.0
Construction
Allowable
Max: 4,221kN Min: 3,554kN
Allowable
Finish
4,585 kN
4,585 kN

Q&A
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Gumjae Bridge - Extradosed Bridge Parametric Study

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Gumjae Bridge - Extradosed Bridge Parametric Study

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Modeling, Integrated Design & Analysis Software

Extradosed Bridge Design

Structural Engineering Seminar

Extra Dosed Bridge A Introduction

Gyumjae Bridge Project

Structural Engineering Seminar

Cable Stayed Bridge

What is the difference?

Structural Engineering Seminar

Structural Engineering Seminar

Cable Stayed Bridge

Stay cables vertically support the girder like

Extradosed cables transmit longitudinal force

elastic bearings to the girder

to the girder like post-tensioning tendons with

Structural Engineering Seminar

Design Criteria for Geometry

Structural Engineering Seminar

Suitable for spans of 100-200 m

More compact pylons

Structural Engineering Seminar

1. Preliminary analysis to find cable forces or Final Stage Analysis:

b) Simple linear static analysis

2. Design Stage Construction Analysis:

Structural Engineering Seminar

Static and Dynamic analyses

The construction sequence and cable

and section design are

installation forces are developed such

that the final stage is achieved at the

Structural Engineering Seminar

Instantaneous Dead Load

Instantaneous Dead Load + Cable Prestress Forces

Deck Moment Distribution

Deck Moment Distribution

Structural Engineering Seminar

Structural Engineering Seminar

Introduction to Extra Dosed Bridge

Gyumjae Bridge Project

Structural Engineering Seminar

Gyumjae Bridge Basic Design of Construction [Developed by: Seoul Department

Construction of a Bridge and Highway to connecting Dong Dae Moon Gu Hwui

Structural Engineering Seminar

Total Length: L=1085m

Structural Engineering Seminar

4. Structure of Steel Arch Bridge

L = 40.0 + 140.0 + 40.0 = 220.0m,

Estimated cost of Construction

Structural Engineering Seminar

4. Structure of Extradosed Bridge

Estimated cost of Construction

L = 60.0 + 105.0 + 60.0 = 225.0m, B=23.74m

About $18.16 Million

Structural Engineering Seminar

Optimum Design of Bridge

Structural Engineering Seminar

Birds eye view

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Drivers eye view

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Transverse section Main Bridge

Transverse section Connected Bridge