Design examples

Example 1: Design of reinforced concrete non-load bearing shear wall.

Design code: ACI 318-05

Design data:
Seismic shear force: (service load)
Roof: Vr = 100 kips
4th floor: V4 = 75 kips, ,
3rd floor: V3 = 50 kips
2nd floor: V2 = 25 kips
Floor height: H = 15 ft
Length of wall: lw = 18 ft
Width of wall: h = 10 in
Concrete strength: fc' = 4000 psi
Yield strength of steel: fy = 60 kis

Assumption:
1.out-of-plan moment is neglectable.

2.The wall is an exterior wall.

Requirement:
Design reinforcement for shear wall

Solution:
Maximum shear occurs at load combination: 1.2D+1.4E+1.0L
Calculate maximum vertical and shear force at first floor
Maximum factored shear: Vu = 1.4 (100+75+50+25) = 350 kips
Check maximum shear strength permitted
Assume effective depth, d = 0.8 (18) = 14.4 ft
Strength reduction factor,

= 0.75

Vn = 10 fc' h d = 819 kips

> 350 kips O.K.

Critical section for shear at smaller of 18 ft/2 = 9 ft , H/2 = 7.5 ft

Calculate factored overturning moment and weight of wall at critical section
Mu = 1.4 [100 (60-7.5)+75(45-7.5)+50(30-7.5)+25 (25-7.5)] = 13130 ft-kips
Nu = (0.15)(10/12)(18)(60-7.5) = 118.1 kips
Calculate shear strength of concrete:

Vc = 0.75 [3.3 fc' h d + Nu d/ (4 lw)] = 288.2 kips

Mu/Vu - lw/2 = 28.5 ft

Vc = 0.75 { 0.6 fc' + lw ( 1.25 fc' + 0.2 [Nu/(lw* h)]) /( Mu/Vu - lw/2)} h d = 163.8 kips
Or Vc = 0.75 (2 fc' h d) = 163.9 kips

Use

Design horizontal shear reinforcement:

Vs = Vu - Vc = 186.1 kips
Use #5 bar in one layer, area of reinforcement, Av = 0.3 in2.
Spacing: S = Av fy d /Vs = 12.6 in, Use 12" O.C.

Check maximum spacing: (18x12)/5 = 43 in, 3 (10) = 30 in, or 18 in

O.K.

Check minimum reinforcement: t = 0.3 in2 / (12x10) = 0.0025 O.K.

Design vertical reinforcement:

l = 0.0025 + 0.5 (2.5 - hw/ lw )( t - 0.0025) = 0.0025

Use l = 0.0025
Area of reinforcement: Av = 0.0025 (10)(12) = 0.3 in2/ft
Use #5 bars at 12" O.C
Design flexural reinforcement:
Calculate factored moment at base:
Mu = 1.4 [(100)(60)+(75)(45)+(50)(30)+(25)(15)]=15750 ft-kip
Tension control section,

= 0.9

Factor: Rn = (15750)(12000)/[0.9(10)(14.4x12)2] = 703 psi, and m = fy/(0.85fc')=17.7

Reinforcement ratio, = (1/m)[1-(1- 2 m Rn/fy)] = 0.013
Area of reinforcement, As = 0.013 h d = 22.9 in2.
Use #10 bars, number of bars, n = 22.9/1.27 = 18
Check effective depth
Concrete cover = 2" for exterior wall. Use 3" spacing between #10 bars in two layers
Effective depth, d = (18)(12) - 2-(3)(8)/2 =202 in
Recalculate reinforcement, Factored Rn = Mu / h d2 = 514.7 psi, m = 17.
Reinforcement ratio,

= 0.0094

Area of reinforcement, As = 18.9 in2.

Use #10 bars, number of bars, n = 18.9 /1.27 = 15, Use 16 # 10
Use #4 closed shape ties to enclose tension reinforcement,
Area of reinforcement for shear As = 0.4 in2.

Check clear spacing between bars, S = 10-(2)(2)-(0.5)(2)-1.27 = 3.73 in O.K.

Reinforcement detail