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  • Pressure Overload Volume Overload

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    Asish Geiorge
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    Pressure overload, such as from hypertension or aortic stenosis, increases systolic wall stress and causes concentric hypertrophy where the heart develops thickened walls and smaller cavities. Volume overload, like from valvular defects or fistulas, increases diastolic wall stress and results in eccentric hypertrophy with enlarged cavities and thinner walls. Both pathological types can lead to degenerative changes, while physiological overloads from exercise cause a reversible athlete's heart with increased chamber size and wall thickness.

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    Pressure overload, such as from hypertension or aortic stenosis, increases systolic wall stress and causes concentric hypertrophy where the heart develops thickened walls and smaller cavities. Volume overload, like from valvular defects or fistulas, increases diastolic wall stress and results in eccentric hypertrophy with enlarged cavities and thinner walls. Both pathological types can lead to degenerative changes, while physiological overloads from exercise cause a reversible athlete's heart with increased chamber size and wall thickness.

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    1 views1 page

    Pressure Overload Volume Overload

    Uploaded by

    Asish Geiorge
    Pressure overload, such as from hypertension or aortic stenosis, increases systolic wall stress and causes concentric hypertrophy where the heart develops thickened walls and smaller cavities. Volume overload, like from valvular defects or fistulas, increases diastolic wall stress and results in eccentric hypertrophy with enlarged cavities and thinner walls. Both pathological types can lead to degenerative changes, while physiological overloads from exercise cause a reversible athlete's heart with increased chamber size and wall thickness.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 1

    Pressure overload

    Volume overload

    increases preload and causes increased


    systolic wall stress

    increases afterload and causes


    increased diastolic wall stress

    Pathological stimuli: hypertension, aortic


    stenosis

    Pathological stimuli: valvular defects,


    arteriovenous fistulas

    Pathologically, it results
    in Concentric/centripetal hypertrophy
    (heart with thick walls and relatively small
    cavities)

    Pathologically, results in
    Eccentric/centrifugal hypertrophy
    (heart with large dilated cavities and
    relatively thin walls)

    Physiological stimuli: isometric exercises,


    resistance training/weight training
    (reduced skeletal muscle vasculature
    dilatation, and other reflex changes
    increases the pressure load)

    Physiological stimuli: isotonic


    exercises/endurance training, running,
    walking, swimming (causes dilatation of
    skeletal muscle vasculature and
    increases venous return)

    Physiologically, it results in athletes heart, with proportionate increase in chamber


    dimension and wall girth. Even if the adaptation may have slight concentric or
    eccentric tendencies, it is adaptive and is completely reversible. Also degenerative
    morphological changes are not seen.

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