Cognitive and metacognitive

strategies and skills are closely

related on terms of both
involving cognition and skill but
they are conceptually distinct in
at least one major way.
 Cognitive Learning Strategy
It is a plan for orchestrating
cognitive resources, such as
attention and long-term memory
to help teach a learning goal.
Goal-directed
Intentionally invoked
Effortful
Not universally applicable, but
situation specific.
 Metacognitive Strategy

Not so situation specific but

involved generic skills essential
for adult, more sophisticated
forms of thinking and problem
solving.
 Developing Metacognition

Metacognition ~ thinking about thinking,

knowing “what we know” and “what we don’t
know.
 Basic metacognitive
strategies:
Connecting new information to
former knowledge.
Selecting thinking strategies
deliberately.
Planning, monitoring and evaluating
thinking processes.
A thinking person is in charge of
her behavior.
Learning how to learn, developing a
repertoire of thinking process which
can be applied to solve problems is a
major goal of education.
School library and media center
(hub of the school)
When life presents situations that
cannot be solved by learned
responses, metacognitive behavior is
brought into play.
Metacognition Knowledge and
Skills
Being aware of one’s own learning and
memory capabilities and of what learning
tasks can realistically be accomplished.
Knowing which learning strategies are
effective and which are not.
Planning an approach to a learning
tasks that is likely to be successful.
Using effective learning strategies.
Monitoring one’s present knowledge
state.
Knowing effective strategies for
retrieval of previously stored
information.
 Strategies for Developing
Metacognitive Behaviors

Identifying “what you know” and

“what you don’t know”.
Talking about thinking.
Keeping a thinking journal.
Planning and self-regulation.
Debriefing the teaching
process.
Self-evaluation
 Thanks for listening!
Developing Metacognition
Metacognitive knowledge and skills
Strategies for developing
metacognitive behaviors

 Rovi Joy F. Latoja

 Education 22A
 January 9, 2009