PHILOSOPHY 01

SELF-TEST
CONVERSION, OBVERSION, AND OPPOSITIONAL INFERENCE
I. Formulate the converse and make the diagram.
1. Juan and Pedro are human beings; hence, ________________________.
2. Some universities are Ateneo de Cagayan and Ateneo de Manila; thus, _____________.
3. Corazon C. Aquino was the first lady president of Philippines; ergo,
___________________.
4. All elected public officials of Philippines are not foreigners; thus, ___________________.
5. Some workers are satisfied; therefore, _________________.
6. No man is an island; hence, ___________________.
7. Some politicians are corrupt; ergo, _______________________.
8. All dogs are mammals; ergo, ______________________.
9. All cats are mammals; hence, ___________________.
10. Peter, Paul and Mary are not singers; thus, ______________________.
11. Filipinos are mortal; hence, ____________________.
12. Juan and Pedro are not immortal; therefore, _________________________.
II. Formulate the obverse and make the diagram.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

All Filipino registered voters are citizens; hence, _________________.

All Filipino registered voters are not foreigners; thus, ______________.
Many workers are non-industrious; therefore, _______________.
Several employees are not late; ergo, __________________.
Teachers are not non-educators; hence, __________________.
No man is an island; thus, __________________.
Students are studying; therefore, _______________.
Students are not non-studious; ergo, __________________.

III. Enumerate the four oppositional relationships in oppositional inference, their valid
logical forms, and rules.
IV. Fill in the blanks.
1. All students are learners. A, true
All students are not learners. ____, ____, ____
Some students are not learners. ___, ___, ___

Some students are not learners. ___, ___, ___

2. All elected public officials are not foreigners. E, true
All elected public officials are foreigners. ____, ____, ____
Some elected public officials are foreigners. ____, ____, ____
Some elected public officials are not foreigners. ____, ____, ____
3. Some teachers are good. I, true
Some teachers are not good. ____, ____, ____
All teachers are not good. ____, ____, ____
All teachers are good. ____, ____, ____
4. Some acts are not illegal. O, true
Some acts are illegal. ____, ____, ____
All acts are illegal. ____, ____, ____
All acts are not illegal. ____, ____, ____
5. All voters are citizens. A, true
All voters are not citizens. ____, ____, ____
Some voters are not citizens. ____, ____, ____
Some voters are citizens. ____, ____, ____
6. If All students are learners. is ______; then All students are not learners. is ______.
Some students are not learners. is ____; and Some students are learners. is ______.
7. If All elected public officials are not foreigners. is _______; then All elected public
officials are foreigners. is _____. Some elected public officials are foreigners. is ____;
and Some elected public officials are not foreigners. is ______.