BCCI is a registered society under Societies Registration Act, 1860.

BCCI receives some indirect subsidies from the government, in the form of tax
benefits, security at sporting events free of cost, land for stadiums, etc.
As a pre-condition for receiving direct financial aid, a body is supposed to have a
government appointed observer who oversees its internal processes such as
utilization of funds, team selections, etc. BCCI have had eminent politicians or
retired bureaucrats elected as their office bearers with the anticipation of utilizing
their political clout in various matters.
BCCI is the richest cricket body in the world today
recent cases of match fixing, betting, involving players, renowned industrialists,
bookies, etc. India now produces around 80% of total global cricket revenue.
Controversies in Cricket Governance The Cricket governance in India is plagued by
many issues and controversies. Some of these are:
o unlimited discretionary powers vested in the board, and cricket associations
o lack of accountability,
o non-transparent decision making,
o revenue management irregularities,
o illegal betting and match fixing,
o the zonal bickering among associations, etc.
Since sporting activities have traditionally been recreational in nature, the obvious
question to ask is why should the State be involved? Given such widespread public
involvement and association of national pride with sports, the State cannot remain
oblivious to it. As an entity dedicated to public welfare, the State has a definite
interest in the promotion and governance of sports.

Key Recommendations: a complete overhaul of Indian cricket, from the very top down
to the grassroots level and affecting every stakeholder.
1. Governance of the BCCI must be decentralized.
2. BCCI to have a CEO accountable to nine-member apex council .
3. One State One Member One Vote: Only one association of each state will have
representation in BCCI with voting right. Association will include all those who have
played first-class cricket.
4. Fixed term of BCCI members and ban on politicians and bureaucrats from holding
office.
5. The committee also recommended the creation of three new positionsan
ombudsman, an ethics officer and an electoral officer.
6. Bring BCCI under Right to Information Act.
7. Legalized betting.

India ranks third among global start-up ecosystems, behind only the US and the UK.
Basic issues like getting credit, electricity, paying taxes and resolving insolvency
continue to be sluggish and difficult in India.
World Banks Doing Business Index - 155

Key features of Start-up India action plan : Action Plan proposes a 19-point action list
1. Defining Start-up: The action plan defines Startup as an entity, incorporated or
registered in India not prior to five years, with annual turnover not exceeding INR 25 crore
in any preceding financial year, working towards innovation, development, deployment or
commercialization of new products, processes or services driven by technology or
intellectual property.
2. Compliance regime based on self-certification: The objective of compliance regime
based on selfcertification is to reduce the regulatory burden on start-ups. This selfcertification will apply to laws like payment of gratuity, contract labour, employees
provident fund, water and air pollution acts.
3. Start-up India hub: A start-up India hub will be created as a single point of contact for
the entire start-up ecosystem to enable knowledge exchange and access to funding.
4. Simplifying the start-up process: A start-up will be able to set up by just filling up a
short form through a mobile app and online portal. A mobile app will be launched on April
1 through which start-ups can be registered in a day. There will also be a portal for
clearances, approvals and registrations
5. Patent protection: The government is also working on a legal support for fast-tracking
patent examination at lower costs. It will promote awareness and adoption of Intellectual
Property Rights (IPRs) by start-ups and help them protect and commercialise IPRs.
6. Funds of funds with a corpus of Rs 10,000 crore: In order to provide funding support to
start-ups, the government will set up a fund with an initial corpus of Rs 2,500 crore and a
total corpus of Rs 10,000 crore over four years. The fund would be managed by private
professionals drawn from the industry while LIC will be a co-investor in the fund. The
credit guarantee fund for start-ups would help flow of venture debt from the banking
system to start-ups by standing guarantee against risks.
7. Credit Guarantee Fund: A National Credit Guarantee Trust Company is being envisaged
with a budgetary allocation of Rs 500 crore per year for the next four years.
8. Exemption from Capital Gains Tax: Currently, investments by venture capital funds in
start-ups are exempt from this law. Now, the same is being extended to investments made
by incubators in start-ups.
9. Tax exemption for start-ups: Income tax exemption to start-ups announced for three
years.
Challenges
Forex regulations are a major reason for re-domiciling.
Cost of the loan is high.
Tax laws need more clarifications and simplification.
Taxes on alternative investment funds and venture capital need rationalization.
Fund set up by government is not enough to cater the needs of the all sections of the
entrepreneurs; hence
it becomes very difficult for the startups to mobilize funding.

Conclusion: The governments new initiative for start-ups promises swift approvals for
starting enterprises, easier exits, tax and fiscal incentives, faster registration of patents
and protection of intellectual property rights. It signals a possible end to the inspector raj
that has sapped the energy and spirit of many young entrepreneurs in the country. Unlike
Indias large business groups, small entrepreneurs find it difficult to navigate the complex
bureaucratic and regulatory maze. From that perspective, these supply-side reforms are
welcome. But the easing of rules and creation of a conducive policy environment should
not be restricted just to start-ups. It should be extended to all businesses. That will be the
real test, along with getting more Indian firms domiciled overseas because of rules here to
move back. Otherwise, the losers will be the government and local investors.

Stand Up India Scheme to promote entrepreneurship among SC,ST and Women

entrepreneurs.
Salient features:
The Scheme is intended to facilitate at least two such projects per bank branch, on an
average one for
each category of entrepreneur.
Refinance window through Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI)
with an initial amount of Rs.
10,000 crore.
Creation of a credit guarantees mechanism through the National Credit Guarantee
Trustee Company
(NCGTC).
Hand holding support for borrowers both at the pre loan stage and during operations.
This would include
increasing their familiarity with factoring services, registration with online platforms and emarket places as
well as sessions on best practices and problem solving.
Focus is on handholding support for both SC/ST and Women borrowers.
The overall intent of the approval is to leverage the institutional credit structure to
reach out to these
under-served sectors of the population by facilitating bank loans repayable up to 7 years
and between Rs.
10 lakh to Rs. 100 lakh for Greenfield enterprises in the nonfarm sector set up by such SC,
ST and Women
borrowers.
The loan under the scheme would be appropriately secured and backed by a credit
guarantee through a
credit guarantee scheme for which Department of Financial Services would be the settler
and National
Credit Guarantee Trustee Company Ltd. (NCGTC) would be the operating agency.
The Stand Up India Scheme anchored by Department of Financial Services (DFS).

Features of the Bill

Every resident is entitled to obtain an Aadhaar number. A resident is a person who has
resided in India for
182 days, in the one year.
To perform the functions related to Aadhaar card, Unique Identification Authority
(UID) will be formed.
Composition of UID will be chairperson, two part-time members and a chief executive
officer. The chairperson and members should have experience of at least 10 years in
matters like technology, governance, etc.
Important functions of the UID authority are:
Specifying demographic and biometric information to be collected during enrolment.
Assigning Aadhaar numbers to individuals
Authenticating Aadhaar numbers
Specifying the usage of Aadhaar numbers for delivery of subsidies and services.
Biometric information (finger print, iris scan and other biological attributes) will be used
only for Aadhaar enrolment and authentication purpose and will not be shared with
anyone.
Only in cases pertaining interest of national security and on the order of court
information will be revealed.
A person may be punished with imprisonment up to 3 years and minimum fine of Rs. 10
lakh for unauthorised
access to centralized database, including revealing any information stored.
Benefits of this bill :
Wrong/fake beneficiaries have been a major issue with many schemes; hence it is
expected to prevent leakages in the distribution system.
It is single-most important method of decreasing massive political and bureaucratic
corruption.
It will enable delivery of much higher level of income transfers to the poor.

Issues surrounding the bill :

Due to Introduction of the bill as money bill, it has bypassed Rajya Sabha which could
have provided valuable inputs during discussion.
It has also seen as against the spirit of cooperative federalism because Rajya Sabha is
considered as representing the voice of states.
Section 7 of the bill gives the government powers to make Aadhaar mandatory for a
wide range of facilities and services.
To obtain an Aadhaar number, an individual has to submit his
Biometric (photograph, finger print, iris scan)
Demographic (name, date of birth, address) information.
The Unique Identification Authority (UID) may specify other biometric and demographic
information to
be collected by regulations.
Section 57 enables the government to impose Aadhaar identification in virtually any
other context that is not
mentioned in the bill.
Loss of privacy: Every move of each individual can be tracked and this is against the
constitutional spirit of
right to privacy that comes under right to life. Right to privacy is an essential foundation
of the freedom to
dissent.
If biometrics data are landed in unsafe hands. It may lead to mass forgery,
misrepresentation and other
associated frauds.
Weak cyber security infrastructure put the personal data of citizen under threat and
makes them
vulnerable.
Challenges :
Interoperability between platforms in case other platforms are used to deliver benefits.
The tendency to adopt non-verifiable alternative platforms, bypassing the Aadhaar, can
lead to abuse.
Although disbursements through DBT using Aadhaar can be quickly effected however
withdrawals would
require a significantly faster pace of ensuring reliable connectivity, covering all
Panchayats.