2014 Nutrition Country Profile

www.globalnutritionreport.org

Ethiopia
ECONOMICS AND DEMOGRAPHY
UNDER-5 MORTALITY RATE

POVERTY RATES AND GDP

US$1.25/day (%)

US$2/day (%)
86

1,062

56
641

POPULATION

31

76

2000

2011

2013

Source: World Bank 2014.

Note: PPP=purchasing power parity.

34

204
146

612

1990

Gini index, 2011

Source: World Bank 2014.
Note: 0=perfect equality, 100=perfect inequality.

1,311

66

INCOME INEQUALITY

Deaths per 1,000 live births

GDP per capita

PPP ($)

1990

2000

68

2010

2012

Population (000)

91,729

Under-5 population (000)

14,095

2012
2012

Urban (%)

17

2010

>65 years (%)

2012

Source: UNPD 2013.

Source: UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation 2013.

CHILD ANTHROPOMETRY
PREVALENCE OF
UNDER-5 STUNTING (%)

CHILD ANTHROPOMETRY
Number of children under 5 affected (000)
Stuntinga

6,233

2011

Wastinga

1,424

2011

254

2011

Overweighta

10

2011

Severe wastinga

2011

Overweighta

2011

Low birth weightb

20

2005

Sources: aUNICEF/WHO/WB 2014; bUNICEF 2014.

Wealthiest

Second wealthiest

Middle

Second poorest

Poorest

67
57

2011

51

Percentage of children under 5 affected

Wastinga

CHANGES IN STUNTING PREVALENCE OVER TIME, BY WEALTH QUINTILE

44

2005
2000
30

1992

2000

2005

40

2011

50

60

Mean prevalence of stunting (%)

Source: UNICEF/WHO/WB 2014.

Source: DHS surveys 19902011 adapted from Bredenkamp et al. 2014.

ADOLESCENT AND ADULT NUTRITION STATUS

ADOLESCENT AND ADULT ANTHROPOMETRY (% POPULATION)

MICRONUTRIENT STATUS OF POPULATION

Adolescent overweighta

NA

NA

Adolescent obesitya

NA

NA

Women of reproductive age, thinness

24

2011

Women of reproductive age, short statureb

2011

Women of reproductive age with anemiaa

Total population affected (000)
Total population affected (%)
Vitamin A deficiency in preschool-age children (%)

Sources: aWHO 2014; bDHS 2014.

Note: NA=not available.

Population classification of iodine nutrition

(age group 612)c

METABOLIC RISK FACTORS FOR DIET-RELATED

NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES, 2008 (%)
Raised blood pressure

Raised blood glucose

3,979

2011

19

2011

46

1996
1997

Mild iodine deficiency

2000

Sources: aStevens et al. 2013; bWHO 2009; cWHO 2004.

Raised blood cholesterol

PREVALENCE OF ADULT OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY, 2008 (%)

Overweight (BMI 25)

43

41

39

21
7
Both sexes

Female

22

21
7
Male

Male

Both sexes

Obesity (BMI 30)

9
2
7
1
8
1

Female
Source: WHO 2014.
Note: BMI=body mass index.

Source: WHO 2014.

WORLD HEALTH ASSEMBLY INDICATORS: PROGRESS AGAINST GLOBAL WHA TARGETS

Under-5 stunting, 2011

Under-5 wasting, 2011

Under-5 overweight, 2011

WRA anemia, 2011

Currently off course

Currently off course

Currently on course

Currently off course

Source: WHO 2014.

Notes: Currently it is only possible to determine whether a country is on or off course for four of the six WHA targets. The year refers to the most recent data available; on/off-course calculation is based on trend data.
WRA=women of reproductive age.

Ethiopia

2014 Nutrition Country Profile

INTERVENTION COVERAGE AND CHILD-FEEDING PRACTICES

CONTINUUM OF CARE (%)

RATE OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING

OF INFANTS UNDER 6 MONTHS (%)

Antenatal care (4+ visits), 2011a

19

INTERVENTION COVERAGE (%)

Severe acute malnutrition, geographic coveragea

75

2012

Vitamin A supplementation, full coverage

31

2012

Children under 5 with diarrhea receiving ORSb

26

2011

Immunization coverage, DTP3b

61

2012

Iodized salt consumptionb

20

54

52

49

Skilled attendant at birth, 2011a

10
Initiation of breastfeeding within 1 hour after birth, 2011a
52

2005

Sources: UNICEF/Coverage Monitoring Network/ACF International 2012; UNICEF 2014.

Note: ORS=oral rehydration salts; DTP3=3 doses of combined diphtheria/tetanus/pertussis
vaccine.
a

Continued breastfeeding at 1 year, 2011a

INFANT AND YOUNG-CHILD FEEDING PRACTICES (% 623 MONTHS)

96
Unmet need for family planning, 20102011b
26

2000

2005

2011

Minimum acceptable diet

2011

Minimum dietary diversity

2011

Source: Ethiopia DHS 2011.

Source: UNICEF 2014.

Sources: aUNICEF 2014; bUNPD 2014.

UNDERLYING DETERMINANTS
FOOD SUPPLY

GENDER-RELATED DETERMINANTS
Available calories
from nonstaples (%):
data for 1991, 2000,
2009

Undernourishment (%):
data for 1991, 2000,
2010, 2014
56

Availability of fruits and

vegetables (grams):
data for 1990, 2000,
2010, 2011

72
35

18

1991

2000

2010

2011

0.547

2013

121

2013

Gender Inequality Index (country rank)b

FEMALE SECONDARY
EDUCATION ENROLLMENT (%)
11

POPULATION DENSITY OF HEALTH WORKERS

PER 1,000 PEOPLE

25

36

Gender Inequality Index (score*)b

22

Sources: aUNICEF 2014; bUNDP 2014.

Note: *0=low inequality, 1=high inequality.

71

40

47

Early childbearing: births by age 18 (%)a

2014

Physicians

0.025

2009

Nurses and midwives

0.253

2009

Community health workers

0.364

2009

Source: WHO 2014.

Source: FAOSTAT 2014.

1990

2000

2010

2012

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics 2014.

GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES (%)

IMPROVED DRINKING WATER COVERAGE (%)
Piped on premises
Other improved

Improved facilities
Shared facilities

Unimproved
Surface water
36

49

76

93
42

25
4
2000

Social protection
Agriculture

19.8

37

32

38

Health
Education

Unimproved facilities
Open defecation

17

35
12
1
1990

IMPROVED SANITATION COVERAGE (%)

2 4
2
1990

10
2012

Source: WHO/UNICEF JMP 2014.

7
8
2000

27

6.9

6.6

13

4.5

7.0

24

9.9

8.8

2012

Source: WHO/UNICEF JMP 2014.

16.7

3.2

2.7

3.9

1990

2000

2010

2012

Source: IFPRI 2014.

FINANCIAL RESOURCES AND POLICY, LEGISLATION, AND INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS

SCALING UP NUTRITION (SUN) COUNTRY
INSTITUTIONAL TRANSFORMATIONS, 2014 (%)
Bringing people into a shared space for action

POLICY AND LEGISLATIVE PROVISIONS

65

National implementation of the International

Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutesa
Extent of constitutional right to food

Ensuring a coherent policy and legal framework

Aligning actions around a common results framework

64
65

Financial tracking and resource mobilization

67

Total weighted

65

Maternity protection (Convention 183)c

Wheat fortification legislationd

Few provisions law

2014

High

2003

Partial

2011

Planning

Undernutrition mentioned in national development plans and economic growth strategiese

Rank: 68/83

NA
2011
2015

AVAILABILITY AND STAGE OF

IMPLEMENTATION OF GUIDELINES/
PROTOCOLS/STANDARDS FOR THE
MANAGEMENT OF NCDs
Diabetes

Not available

2010

Hypertension

Not available

2010

Source: WHO 2014.

Note: NCDs=noncommunicable diseases.

Sources: aUNICEF 2014; bFAO 2003; cILO 2013; dFFI 2014; eIDS 2014.
Note: NA=not available.

Source: SUN 2014.

For complete source information: www.Globalnutritionreport.org/about/technical-notes.

2014 International Food Policy Research Institute