...

()

:
: (BULLYING)
:

:

, 2016

 (bullying)

:

...

(Harachi, Catalano &
Hawkins,1999)

(Kaliotis,
2000)
5


,
,
(Olweus, 2009)


(Tatum & Tatum, 1992)

, ,
(Farrington, 1993)
7

Connell,

O
(

1999)
,
ig
a
r
C
&
r
le
Pep
8

, , ,


. :

(Benitez &
Justicia, 2006 Lee, 2006)

(Rigby, 1996 Corvo & DeLara,
2010)

(Rigby,
2001 Lee, 2006)

(Rigby,
2001 Lee, 2006)

(Rigby, 2008 Olweus, 2009)
9

(verbal
bullying):

(,
2000 EKKE, 2006). ,
, ,
, ,
,


(, 2010).

(physical
bullying):

,

,
, ,
, ,
,
,

(Kim, Koh &
Leventhal, 2005).
10

,
(indirect, social, relational bullying):


.
,
.
, ,
, ,
(Pateraki & Hountoumadi, 2001)
/
(cyber bullying):

(Mishna, Saini
& Solomon, 2009 Tokunaga, 2010).
( , ,
chat rooms )
(Olweus, 2003
Smith, Nika & Papasideri, 2004 Chibarro, 2007)
11

( )

,


12

13

14

(Woods & Wolke, 2004),

...

15

 ...

/
Asperger

( )

16

17

(Sairanen & Pfeffer, 2011)

18

,
, ,
,

: , ,

(Rigby,
2002)

19

20


(1)

21


(2)

22

23

(bullying)

(bullying)
/
/
;
;

;
;

,
,

;
;

/
/

;
;

,
,

/
/

;
;

/
/

;
;

24

25

,

,


,




(Robson,
2007)
26

27

28

29


(1)

(5 -25 %)
.

.. ()

. ( 9)

, ,
(Harachi et al., 1999),

. ,
,
(Kaliotis, 2000).
30

 (2)




,
,

,
,




(, 2015)
(, 2015)

31


...

32



,


,


(Kaukiainen et al.,
2002 , 2015).
,
,
,
,


-.

. ,

, ,
,

. ( 4)
33



,
, , , .

(Rigby, 2001
, 2007).

()

.

, ,
.. (EE 2)

34


,



,
,

( &
, 2004 Rigby, 2008).
() (
) ()


!
,

. ( 12)

35

/
,
,

,

,
,

(Olweus,
2003)
() ()
,

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. ( 2)

36

 ...:

37

,

,






.

(Kokkinos &
Panayiotou, 2007)

, ,

, ,



,


.. ( 6)

38

 (1)

()
. ,
,

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,

,


. ( 2)
39

 (2)



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(Beran, 2006).

()






.. ( 7)
40

,


(Rigby, 2004)

, ,

..

. ( 3)

41

,
,



,

,
. ( 2)

,





,

,

.


(Mishna, 2003 Flynt
& Morton, 2004).
42


...

,
...

, , ,
...

.

(Little, 2002 Woods & Wolke, 2004)

43

44

45

46

 ()










,


(Sheard et al., 2001).

..
,



... (
1)
47

/ Asperger

(, Asperger),
(
) ,

(Jackson, 2002)

Asperger
. ()

,
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,
. ( 7)
48


( )
(
)


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,

-,


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Hjern, 2008).




(Unnever &
Cornell, 2003)

()
(),
,


,
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()
"" ""
,

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. ( 8)

49

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,








,

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1996).

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50



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2004)

()




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( 4)
51




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52

53

54



,








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,

/

. (
6)

55







.





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Boulton, 2005)

.
,
,



()




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( 6)

56










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(Holt et al., 2013).

()

. (
5)

57

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,
,

(,
2013). :

,

,

..

,

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,
.
...
.
( 8)
58



,





...,

,


(Harris &
Willoughby, 2003 Bauman
et al., 2008)

,

. ( 8)

59


,


...
(Gutterman & Embry,
2004).

()
()





. ( 2)
60

,

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. ( 4)

(
) ,


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.


Olweus (2007).
61


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. ( 7)
62

63

64

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bullying
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65



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66

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(Patton, 2002)
67

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.
68

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Hughes, 1989).

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2003)
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69

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(
)
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(Cohen,
Manion & Morisson, 2007)

:
:

70

71

,

(Alvarez, 2007)

(
, )

(,
)


,

72

Franoise Hritier,

73

:
74