THE IMAGE OF LAW

Deleuze, Bergson, Spinoza

Alexandre Lefebvre

STANFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS

STANFORD, CALIFORNIA

Contents

Preface
Abbreviations
PART I THE DOGMATIC IMAGE OF LAW

1 The Judge as Schema: Hart

xi
xvii
I

How Does Law Work? Hart's Critique ofAustin 8Subsumption

in the Critique of Pure Reason 12Schematism and Choice in
Adjudication 14
2 Reflective Judgment and the Law with Organs: Dworkin
22
The Principle ofPrinciple 22Purposive Interpretation 26
Elegantia Juris: Integrity and the Lawfulness of the Contingent 29
Natural Purposes: The Law with Organs 33
3 Communication, Judgment, Retrospection: Habermas
Habermas: Communicative Kantian 37A Deleuzian Reply 41
Reply: Application Discourses 42
PART 2 THE IMAGE OF LAW: BERGSON AND TIME

4 Deleuze and the Critique of Law

37

51

53

Jurisprudence vs. Law 53Critique ofDogmatism in Law and

Judgment 59 The Transcendental Encounter (Transcendental
Empiricism) 72Critique of Communication 77Critique of
Human Rights 82
5 T h e Time of Law I: Evolution in Holmes and Bergson
Bergson: Time as Invention (Internat Difference and
Dijferentiation) 91Holmes: Evolution and the Time of Law 96
All Is Given: The Possible in Dworkin and Habermas 107

88

Contents
6 The Time of Law II: Bergson, Perception, and Memory
114
Pure Perception: Image and the Case as Image 117The Pure Past
and the Four Paradoxes of Time 126Two Weak Points ofLegal
Pragmatism 137
7 T h e T i m e of Law III: Judgment sub specie dumtionis
The Pure Past of the Law and the Law without Organs 144
Actualizing the Pure Past of Law 152Inattentive Judgment 162
Attentive Judgment 173 Griswold and Attentive Judgment 190

PART 3 SPINOZA AND PRACTICE

143

197

8 Three Spinozist Themes in a Deleuzian Jurisprudence

201
Spinozds Physics in Deleuzes Philosophy of the Concept 201
Delgamuukw / : Creation ofa Legal Concept (Aboriginal Title) 207
Duration in Spinoza 218Delgamuulcw //: The Creation ofProblems
as the Power of Adjudication 226Immanence and Expression 238
Summation: The Image of Law 251
Notes
Cases Cited

259
287

Bibliography

289

Index

3O1