Tng hp cc phng php gii ton trn my tnh casio

Ngun : casio.phpbb3.com ; diendan3t.net

I. Thut ton tnh dy s:
(tc gi fx)
V d: Cho dy s
c xc nh bi:

Tm

Thut ton:
Cch 1: Hi d v s dng nhiu bin, x l vn chm nhng ngn gn v thut
ton:
Nhp thut ton:
E=E+1:A=2B+C-D: D=C:C=B:B=A
CALC
E? n 3==
B? n 3=
C? n 2=
D? n 1=
= = = ...
Cch 2: Hay hn cch 1 v s dng t bin, x l vn nhanh nhng thut ton di
dng:
Nhp thut ton:
D=D+1:A=2B+C-3A: D=D+1:C=2A+B-3C: D=D+1:B=2C+A-3B
CALC
D? n 3==
B? n 3=
C? n 2=
A? n 1=
Cch 3 (Dng cho 500MS)
1 |shift| |sto| |C|
2 |shift| |sto| |B|
3 |shift| |sto| |A|
2 |alpha| |A|+|alpha| |B|-|alpha| |C| |shift| |sto| |C| U4
2 |alpha| |C|+|alpha| |A|-|alpha| |B| |shift| |sto| |B| U5
2 |alpha| |B|+|alpha| |C|-|alpha| |A| |shift| |sto| |A| U6
replay(tam gic pha trn) hai ln |shift| |replay|=
/=
/...
thut ton tuy di nhng s du bng t hn
Nu ngi phi m th sau dng th t cho thm |alpha| |D| |alpha| = (mu tm)|
alpha| |D|+3 v thm vo sau dng th ba 4 |shift| |sto| |D|; thm mt ln n replay
na (tui vit cho 500MS)
II. Cng dng ca phm SOLVE
Nu s dng my fx570MS cc bn u bit n c phm SOLVE l c tnh hn hn so vi
my fx500MS, vy cng dng ca n l g?
chnh l lnh my tnh tm 1 nghim gn ng ca mt phng trnh 1 n bt k no
da vo s u m ta nhp vo.
Nhp vo phng trnh ta c th dng phm du = mu hoc khng cn th my s t
hiu l bng 0

V d: c th nhp
hoc nhp
u c ri n SHIFT SOLVE , my s hi gi tr u cn nhp l bao nhiu, sau khi nhp
vo gi tr u, ta n SHIFT SOLVE ln na th my s tm nghim da vo s u .
c im hn hn ca MS so vi ES trong phm SOLVE:
My MS ta c th s dng bt k bin s no trong my lm n s (A,B,C,D,...,X,Y,M)
trong khi my ES ch c th dng bin X, cc bin khc xem nh l hng s cho trc.
Lnh SOLVE thc s u vit trong gii phng trnh bc nht 1 n.
i vi nhng phng trnh nh X+3=0 ta c th nhm nghim ngay tc khc, nhng s
dng hiu qu trong trng hp phng trnh bc nht phc tp.
V d: phung trnh
gii phng trnh ny bng giy nhm v tnh nhm bn s mt kh nhiu thi gian cho
n, bn phi phn tch ra, chuyn v i du, a X v mt bn, s v mt bn ri ra
nghim, nhng i vi my tnh bn ch vic nhp y chang biu thc y vo v s dng
lnh SOLVE th ch vi giy my s cho ra kt qu.
i vi phng trnh trn khi gii xong my s cho ra kt qu l
Tuy nhin i vi phng trnh bc nht my MS c th i ra nghim phn s, hy n
SHIFT

, my s i ra dng phn s l

, rt tin li.

Lu : khi gii ra s ng ny cc bn mun s dng kt qu tip phi n li hoc ghi ra

nhp s dng s ng , khng c s dng trc tip kt qu c lu li.
V d i vi phng trnh trn sau khi gii xong, kt qu s t ng gn vo X, nu cc
bn n tip
sau n tip SHIFT SOLVE th my s khng i ra c dng phn s na.
V vy sau khi gii ra, cc bn phi gn li s va tm bng dng ng bng cch:
n -113/129 SHIFT STO X
Sau nu n tip X+1= th my s cho ra dng phn s.
Loi gii phng trnh ny p dng tt cho nhng tnh ton trong mn Ha hc, v d bn
c rt nhiu phng trnh Ha hc, mi phng trnh cho ra mt cht kh no , v tng
s mol nhng cht kh u tnh theo mt n s, li cho s mol ca cht kh ri, th
th ch vic nhp vo phng trnh, dng SOLVE v cho ra kt qu nhanh gn.
Nhng bin dng ca phng trnh bc nht 1 n:
l nhng dng phn thc cha bin.
V d: Gii phng trnh

Nu nguyn phng trnh nh vy nhp vo my th my s gii kh v lu, i khi

khng ra nghim (Can't Solve), v vy trong khi nhp hy ngm chuyn mu thc sang
mt v, nhp nh sau:
Ri mi SOLVE th my s gii d dng ra kt qu 47/37
S dng SOLVE gii phng trnh bc cao mt n bc cao.
Lu i vi phng trnh bc cao ch gii c mt s phng trnh ra dng cn thc i
vi MTBT.
Phng php ny ch yu p dng cho phng trnh bc 4 phn tch ra c 2 biu thc

bc 2. C th dng phng php Ferrari gii phng trnh bc 4 nhng phng php c
th lu hn dng MTBT.
i vi nhng phng trnh bc 4 n gin, tc l dng lnh SOLVE ta tm ra c nghim
dng s nguyn hay hu t th tht d dng cho bc tip theo, v ch cn tch ra ta s
c phng trnh bc 3 ri dng chng trnh ci sn trong my gii tip.
i vi nhng phng trnh my tnh ch tm ra c dng v t th ta s dng nh l Viet
o tm cch phn tch ca n.
V d: gii phng trnh:
Dng my tnh ta nhp vo phng trnh, sau dng SOLVE gii, iu quan trn ca
phng php ny l ta phi bit i s u cho ph hp tm ra cng nhiu ngim cng
tt.
Nh phng trnh trn, ta n CALC ri nhp cc s u sau y xem s bin thin ca
hm s ra sao sau mi dng lnh SOLVE:
gi s ban u nhp 0, kt qu 10
tip theo nhp 1, kt qu -6
nh vy c mt nghim nm trong (0;1)
ta chia i v th vi 0,5, kt qu 5,75>0
vy nghim nm trong (0,5;1)
tip tc chia i, ta nhp 0,75, kt qu 0,7421875
khi kt qu xut hin s 0 ngay phn nguyn th chng t s u ca ta kh gn
nghim, v n lc ny c th cho my t gii.
Dng s u ta s dng SOLVE gii.
kt qu tm c mt nghim 0,780776406
Nhp s vo A s dng sau v tip tc tim nghim khc.
S dng cch tng t trn ta tip tc tim ra 3 nghim khc nhp vo cc bin B,C,D.
gi s

Sau ta tnh tng v tch tng i mt th thy:

Nh vy ta c:
tng ng
t y ta c th gii phng trnh ra dng cn thc d dng.
III> Thut ton tm s ch s ca lu tha:
V d tm xem
c bao nhiu ch s.
Ta c
Nh vy
Lu :

lm trn thnh
gm

s.

y l logarit c s 10 ca 2

IV. Thut ton tm CLN, BCNN:

Gi s cn tm UCLN v BCNN ca 2 s A,B
Cch n gin ai cng bit l n A/B ri ti gin n
Trong mt s trng hp v A,B kh ln v dng ti gin ca A/B khng mn hnh
cha th s ra dng s thp phn. Vi trng hp ny cc bn nn dng phng php phn
tch ra tha s nguyn t bng cch kim tra s nguyn t phn tch A,B ra dng c s.

Trng hp tm UCLN,BCNN ca A,B,C th sao?

Rt n gin (A,B,C)= ((A,B),C) v [A,B,C]=[[A,B],C]
Tuy nhin c mt s trng hp tm BCNN bng cch trn s kh khn v s trn mn hnh,
x l th nn dng cng thc
[A,B,C]=ABC(A,B,C)/{(A,B).(B,C).(C,A)}
VD: tm CLN(

) ta lm nh sau

(khng ra phn s)
bn bm vo phm replay th con tr xut hin trn mn hnh sa thnh
ta li lp PS
li lm li
th
ta c th gn cc s
vo trong my sau kt qu php tnh thc ba li gn v
cho s ln trong hai s cn tm
ta dng kin thc ny l

vi

(Tc gi:vanhoa )
Nu dng

m ko c:

------------ i vi loi my ms :
s A [shift] [sto] A [=]
s B [shift] [sto] B [=]
[mode]...fix 0
a[=]
nhp vo biu thc:
10^(log Ans)-0.5:Ans/b[=] : 10^(log Ans) -0.5: b/Ans[shift][sto] B
ri thc hin dy lp: [shift][rnd][=]... n khi c li...
---------i vi my ES:
s A [shift] [sto] A [=]
s B [shift] [sto] B [=]
[mode]...fix 0
a[=]
nhp vo biu thc:
10^(log Ans)-0.5:[shift][rnd]Ans/b[=] : 10^(log Ans) -0.5: [shift][rnd]b/Ans[shift][sto] B
ri thc hin dy lp: [=][=]...
Hnh nh vy l tnh c UCLN cn BCNN thi ly tch A v B chia cho UCLN l xong.
V. Chuyn s thp phn tun hon v khng tun hon ra phn s:
Chuyn s thp phn tun hon sang phn s
Cng thc tng qut y:
* Dng 1/ V d
Ta c:
(123 gm 3 s)

*Dng 2/
V d
Ta c:

gm 4 s),

(36 gm 2 s)

Chuyn s thp phn khng tun hon sang phn s

VD 1: A=0.152647975...
1/A=6.551020412 gn A
A-6=0.551020412 gn A
1/A=1.814814804 gn A
A*999=1812.999989 gn A
Lm trn A=1813
A/999=1813/999=49/27 gn A
1/A=27/49 gn A
A+6=321/49 gn A (hi ny tr 6 th by gi cng 6)
1/A=49/321 gn A
Kt qu A=0.152647975...=49/321
VD 2:
gn A
gn A
gn A
gn A
gn A
gn A

Lm trn A=86
gn A

gn A (hi ny tr 2 th by gi cng 2)
gn A
gn A (hi ny tr 5 th by gi cng 5)
gn A
gn A (hi ny tr 1 th by gi cng 1)
Kt qu
VI. Phn tch mt s ra tha s nguyn t:
Gi s mun kim tra a l s nguyn t hay khng ?
S dng my 570MS
Cch 1: nhiu ngi bit nhng thi gian kim tra lu:
|a| |shift| |sto| |A| {gn a vo bin A trong my}
|1| |shift| |sto| |B|
B=B+2:A/B

CALC = = = ....
nu

l s nguyn th B l 1 c ca A

Kim tra cho n khi

h xung di cn A th ngng

{ch : vi cch ny xem A c chia ht cho 2 khng?}

Cch 2: t ngi bit, thi gian kim tra ch rt ngn cn mt na so vi cch 1:
|a| |shift| |sto| |A|
xem A c chia ht cho 2, cho 3 hay khng? (chuyn ny n gin)
ly A chia cho 3: A/3 =
n tip: A/(A/Ans+2)
Sau n = = = ... kim tra, khi s trn mn hnh h xung di cn A th ngng.
VII. Tm chu k ca php chia c d:
(daisunhantan)
Th d
Ta ni php chia

c chu k l

. Nhn xt rng, vi php chia trn, chu k c th

d dng tm ra bng mtbt. Tuy nhin vi nhng s ln v d

; vic tm ra chu k kh
khn hn nhiu. Phng php chung, c l ai cng bit, l bm 1*(10^8)/57 tm chu
k( l phn nguyn), ri ly 1*10^8-phn nguyn va tm c*57; ly kt qu th vo
s 1.... c th ta s tm ra chi k.
Tuy nhin c tm 1 lt nh vy phi bm ko di 20 phm, tit kim sc, mnh xin nu
1 cch bm, sau 1 gii thut ban u, c bm 2 du = ta s tm c khong 8 s trong
chu k.
cch bm nh sau:
A=1
B=57
(((A*10^8)/B)+9.5)*10^-11+1-1)*10^11-10{C CHU K}:A=A*10^8-ANS*B
(littlestar_monica)
C2:
nhn MODE MODE 3 (BASE), ri nhn fm x^2( ch DEC mu xanh )
Chng hn nh tm chu k ca
1 |shift| |sto| |A|
(ch 7 s 0 thi)
Ax10000000-49 x |ans| |shift| |sto| |A|
n du mi tn ln ri nhn |shift| |copy|
ch vic nhn = = =... l ra chu k ca fp chia
S:
)
Lu : c mi php chia lun cho ta 7 ch s thp fn, nu ch hin 6 hay 5 ch s, ta hiu
ngm c 1 hay 2 ch s 0 trc!!!!!
VIII. Tm n ch s tn cng ca mt lu tha:
tm n ch s tn cng ca 1 lu tha , ta tm d ca lu tha vi 10^n
Heheh , c phi rt hay khng no .
Tuy nhin . Nu ngi ta kiu tm t 1 n 3 ch s tn cng ca mt lu tha m ta lm
theo bi hc trn th tht l , qu oi . Chnh v th , tui xin post mt bi nh sau :
_ Tm 1 ch s tn cng ca
:
* Nu a c ch s tn cng l 0 , 1 , 5 hoc 6 th
ln lt c ch s tn cng l 0 , 1 , 5
hoc 6 .
* Nu a c ch s tn cng l 2 , 3 hoc 7 , ta c nhn xt sau vi k thuc tp hp s t
nhin khc 0 :
2^4k ng d 6 ( mod 10 )

3^4k ng d 1 ( mod 10 )
7^4k ng d 1 ( mod 10 )
Do tm 1 ch s tn cng ca a^n vi a c s tn cng l 2 , 3 , 7 ta ly n chia cho
4 . Gi s n = 4k + r vi r thuc { 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 }
Nu a ng d 2 ( mod 10 ) th a^2 dng d 2^n = 2^(4k+r) ng d 6.2^r ( mod 10 )
Nu a ng d 3 ( mod 10 ) th a^n = a^(4k+r) ng d a^r ( mod 10 )
_ Tm 2 ch s tn cng ca a^n
Ta c nhn xt sau :
2^20 ng d 76 ( mod 100 )
3^20 ng d 1 ( mod 100 )
6^5 ng d 76 ( mod 100 )
7^4 ng d 01 ( mod 100 )
M 76^n ng d 76 ( mod 100 ) vi n >= 1
v 5^n ng d 25 ( mod 100 ) vi n >= 2
Suy ra kt qu sau vi k l cc s t nhin khc 0 :
a^20k ng d 00 ( mod 100 ) nu a ng d 0 ( mod 10 )
a^20k ng d 01 ( mod 100 ) nu a ng d 1 ; 3 ; 7 ; 9 ( mod 10 )
a^20k ng d 25 ( mod 100 ) nu a ng d 5 ( mod 10 )
a^20k ng d 76 ( mod 100 ) nu a ng d 2 ; 4 ; 6 ; 8 ( mod 10 )
Vy tm li , tm 2 ch s tn cng ca a^n ta ly s m 2 chia cho 20
_ Ta c :
a^100k ng d 000 ( mod 10^3 ) nu a ng d 0 ( mod 10 )
a^100k ng d 001 ( mod 10^3 ) nu a ng d 1 ; 3 ; 7 ; 9 ( mod 10 )
a^100k ng d 625 ( mod 10^3 ) nu a ng d 5 ( mod 10 )
a^100k ng d 376 ( mod 10^3 ) nu a ng d 2 ; 4 ; 6 ; 8 ( mod 10 )
Tm li , tm 3 ch s tn cng ca 1 lu tha , ta tm 2 ch s tn cng ca s m .
Nhng d sao i chng na th ci nguyn tc
tm n ch s tn cng ca a^b th ta tm s d ca a^b vi 10^n
IX: Mt bi ton tm h s:
TQ:
Tng cc h s trong khai trin
thi APMO)
Do xt mt bi ton c th sau:

( ngh cc bn chng minh-

Tm tng cc h s ca
Li gii (kinhbac_edu):
t

th khai trin

Khi tng cc h s bng

X. Tm s d trong php chia:
Cc dng thng gp:
1) Chia mt s c nhiu hn 10 ch s cho mt s c t hn 10 ch s
Phng php: Chia tr (divide and conquer)
cht s c hn 10 ch s thnh nhiu s nh hn c nhiu nht 10 ch s
V d:
Ly tng s nh chia cho s chia, sau khi c kt qu d nh nhn vi ly tha c s 10 i
cng vi n
2) Chia mt s l mt ly tha bc cao cho s khc:
Phng php: quan st xem c nm trong dng Fermat khng?
Nu khng, hy quan st chu k s d
Nu khng c chu k s d hy lm tng bc: ly c s ly tha ln vi bc (khng trn

my), tm s d ri tip tc ly tha ln cho n khi s m nh dn. Ch s dng tnh

cht: php chia
cho b v php
to iu kin tnh nhanh hn.

cho b c cng s d vi

lm nh a li,

XII. Gii pt dng

Nghim ca PT
l x*ln(x)=ln(a) v a>0.
Suy ra x=ln(a)/ln(x)
Gii trn my Casio FX-500/570/991 MS/ES, cc my c phm Ans.
- Nhp a bt k.
- Nhp ln(a)/ln(Ans), nhn = lin tc cho n khi hi t nghim.
Trch:

Posted by Nguyen Van Linh on diendan3t.net

Finished by QuangMinh
Bi vit ny ghi r ngun u !
XIII : Cc bi ton tnh li sut
C 2 loi thng gp
1) Li sut t 1 gi tr khng i qua thi gian
Cng thc p dng trc tip vi cc bi ton v tin gi ngn hng
S tin sau n thng

2) Li sut t gi tr thm vo vo theo qung thi gian u

Cng thc p dng trc tip vi cc bi ton v tin gi ngn hng
Cui thng th n-1
u thng th n
Vi a l s tin gi vo hng thng ; x l li sut
Sau y l 1 s dng c bn khc....

1. Tnh tng n s hng u tin ca dy s

V d: Cho dy s

Tnh

xc nh bi:

v tng ca 20 s hng u tin.

Thut ton:
Nhp biu thc sau vo mn hnh my tnh (fx 570MS, fx 570ES):
X=X+1:B=5A-2X:C=C+B:X=X+1:A=5B-2X:C=C+A
Bm CALC my hi:
X? Bm 1=
A? Bm 1=
C? Bm 1=

=== ........
Trong X l s hng th X; A, B l cc gi tr ca
u tin - ca dy.
2. Tnh tch ca n s hng u tin ca dy s
V d: Cho dy s

; C l tng ca X s hng

xc nh bi:

Tnh tch ca 10 s hng u ca dy.

Thut ton:
Nhp biu thc sau vo mn hnh my tnh ( fx570MS, fx570ES):
X=X+1:C=B+2A: D=DC:X=X+1:A=C+2B: D=DA:X=X+1:B=A+2C: D=DB
Bm CALC my hi:
X? Bm 2=
B? Bm 1=
A? Bm 1=
D? Bm 1=
=== ........
Trong X l s hng th X; A, B, C l cc gi tr ca
tin - ca dy.

; D l tch ca X s hng u

Ch : Trn y ta ch xt cc v d minh ha n gin! (^_^)

3. Mt s dng bi tp lin quan n dy s
Bi 1: Cho dy s

Tnh

Bi 2: Cho dy s

Tnh

c xc nh bi:

v tnh tng ca 16 s hng u tin ca dy.

Bi 3: Cho dy s

Tnh

c xc nh bi:

c xc nh nh sau:

; tnh tch ca 16 s hng u tin ca dy.

Bi 4: Cho dy s

c xc nh nh sau:

Tnh
, tng 26 s hng u tin v tch 24 s hng u tin ca dy s.
4. Mt s bi ton lin quan n tnh tng
V d: Cho
Tnh

Thut ton:

Cch 1: Dng chc nng c sn

,bm quy trnh sau (fx 570ES):

|shift| |log_| |ALPHA| |X^| |Replay| || |1| |Replay| || |30| |=|

c kt qu
Cch 2: Nhp biu thc sau vo mn hnh my tnh ( fx570MS, fx570ES):
X=X+1:A=A+X^3
Bm CALC my hi:
X? Bm 0=
A? Bm 0=
===
Trong X l tng th X; A l gi tr ca tng th X.
5. Mt s dng ton tnh tch
V d: Cho
Tnh

(n l s l).

Thut ton:
Nhp biu thc sau vo mn hnh my tnh ( fx570MS, fx570ES):
X=X+1:A=AX^2
Bm CALC my hi
X? Bm 0=
A? Bm 1=
=== ..
Trong X l tch th X; A l gi tr ca tch th X.

10

6. Tm iu kin ca x tng tch tha mn iu kin cho

V d: Tm gi tr gn ng ca x :

Thut ton:
Cch 1: Nhp biu thc sau vo mn hnh my tnh ( fx570ES):

Bm CALC my hi:
X? Bm 0=
Bm = = = nhiu ln n khi no kt qu gn l

th dng.

Cch 2: Nhp biu thc sau vo mn hnh my tnh ( fx570MS, fx570ES):

X=X+1:B=B+
Bm CALC my hi
X? Bm 0=
B? Bm 0=
Bm = = = nhiu ln cho n khi no kt qu gn l
7. Mt s bi ton lin quan n tng v tch

th dng.

Bi 1: Cho
Tnh

Bi 2: Cho
Tnh

Bi 3: Cho
Tnh

Bi 4: Cho
Tnh

Bi 5: Tm gi tr gn ng ca x tha:
a)

11

b)

c)
.
8. Tm s d ca php chia dng ly tha bc cao
V d: Tm s d ca php chia

cho

Ta c:
(mod
(mod

(mod

(mod

(mod

(mod

(mod
(mod

)
)

(mod
(mod

)
)

Suy ra

(mod

Vy s d ca php chia

cho

V d 2: Tm s d ca php chia
V

cho

l s nguyn t. Theo nh l Fermat ta c:

(mod

Suy ra:
(mod

(mod 2003)
Vy s d ca php chia

cho

Ch : Phng php trn c trnh by di dng cc v d c bn (^_^)!

9. Phng php tm gii hn hm s

V d: Tm lim

khi n dn n

Ghi vo mn hnh:

12

Bm CALC my hi
A? Bm

my hin

Bm CALC my hi
A? Bm

my hin

Bm CALC my hi
A? Bm

my hin

Bm CALC my hi
A? Bm

my hin

Bm CALC my hi
A? Bm

my hin

Bm CALC my hi
A? Bm

T kt lun lim

my hin

...

13