ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE

Rini/MARCH 2007/revised MAY2009

 TYPES OF WAVE

 BASED ON THE TRAVELING DIRECTION

 1. TRANSVERSE : When the vibration of the

particles are at right angles(90o) to the
direction of the traveling.
 Examples: rope wave, water
wave,light

 2. LONGITUDINAL : If the particles oscillation
in the direction of propagation.
 Examples: spring, sound
 TYPES OF WAVE

 BASED ON THE MEDIUM

 1. MECHANIC WAVE: need medium to

travel. examples: sound

 2.ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE: no need

medium to travel. examples:light,
infrared
 ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE

 WAVE : TRAVELING TURBULANCES

 SOURCE OF E.W : VIBRATION OF

CHARGES (VIBRATION OF ELECTRIC
FIELDS)
 THE CHARATERISTICS OF
ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE
 1. TRAVEL IN VACUUM
 2. TRANSVERSE WAVE
 3. NOT INFLUENCED BY MAGNETIC AND
ELECTRIC FIELDS
 4. IT CAN BE REFLECTED AND REFRACTED
 5. CAN CAUSE THE
INTERFERENCE,DIFRACTION, AND
POLARISATION
 Spektroscope

 Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727)

Believe that the rainbow is the result of
refraction of sunligth
Colour wavelength
Violet 380-450 nm
Blue 450-495 nm
Green 495-570 nm
Yellow 570-590 nm
Orange 590-620 nm
Red 620-750 nm
 Grating
 The dispersion happens in prism and grating

Spektrum
V
4 000 Å B
G
5 000 Å Y
Incident ligth
O
6 000 Å R
VISIBLE LIGHT
ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
 ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM

FREQUENCY
WAVELENGTH

RADIO-MICRO-INFRARED-VISIBLE-UV-X RAY-GAMMA

MEAN:
GAMMA IS THE HIGHEST FREQUENCY BUT THE
SHORTEST WAVELENGTH
SPECTRUM OF VISIBLE RAY

FREQUENCY
WAVELENGTH

RED - ORANGE – YELLOW – GREEN – BLUE –

VIOLET

ME -JI - KU – HI – BI – NI - U
 THE VELOCITY OF
ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE
C = λ .f

Exp;
C = 3x108 (m/s) in vacuum space
λ = wavelength (m)
f = frequency (Hz)
 Examples:
 The x ray has frequency of 5.10 16 Hz.
What is the wavelength of that ray?

 Answer: C = λ .f

 3x108 = λ . (5x10 16 )
 λ = 3.108 / 5.10 16
 λ = 0.6 x 10-8 m
 λ = 6 x 10-9 m
The effects of absorbing EMV

1.Heating
2. Ionisation
 THE REFRACTION OF
ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE
 VELOCITY IN THE MEDIUM
Vw =c/n

 Exp;
V = velocity through medium
w
(m/s)
 C = 3x108 m/s
 n = refraction index
 EXAMPLE:
 THE SUNLIGHT COME INTO THE LAKE.
THE n OF THE WATER IS 2.0 . FIND THE
VELOCITY OF THE LIGHT IN THE WATER.
 ANSWER: Vw = c / n
 = 3x108 / 2
 = 1.5x108 m/s
 ENERGY OF THE
ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE

E = f.h

 EXP;

E= ENERGY (Joule)

 f = frequency (Hz)
 h = 6.63 x 10 -34 J.s
 THE POWER OF TENS

PREFIX SYMBOL FRACTIONS(meter)

Pico p 10-12
Amstrong Ǻ 10-10
Nano n 10-9
Micro μ 10-6
Mili m 10-3
Tera T 1012
Giga G 109
Mega M 106
THE END