GK BR I Cökœvewj: A A VQ

A a¨vq
cÖ
_gAa¨vq
3
Mw
Z ✍
GK bR‡i cÖkœvewj
Abykxjbxi cv_©K¨ wK?
msw¶ßÑDËi cÖkœ : 9| `ª“wZ Ges †e‡Mi gvÎv Ges
GKK D‡jL Ki|
cÖkœ cÖkœ : 10| †eM wK †¯‹jvi ivwk bv †f±i
cÖkœ : 1| †f±i ivwk I †¯‹jvi ivwk Kv‡K ivwk? †Kb?
e‡j? D`vniY `vI| (h.†ev. 2004; cÖkœ : 11| mylg †e‡Mi †¶‡Î ` ﾁ iZ¡
iv.†ev. 2002; Kz. †ev. Õ99 ; iv. †ev. ebvg mgq †jL-Gi cÖK…wZ weiƒc
Õ99 ; P. †ev. Õ99) n‡e?
cÖkœ : 2| †¯‹jvi I †f±i ivwki cv_©K¨ A_ev, `yiZ¡Ñmgq †jL †_‡K mylg †eM
eY©bv Ki| (wm.†ev. 2005; wbY©‡qi c×wZ eY©bv Ki? (h.†ev.
Kz.†ev 2004; h. †ev. Õ99) 2001)
cÖkœ : 3| R¨vwgwZK Dcv‡q GKwU cÖkœ : 12| Amg †e‡Mi †¶‡Î `ﾁ iZ¡ ebvg
†f±i ivwk‡K wKfv‡e wb‡`©k Kiv mgq †j‡Li †Kvb we›`y‡Z †eM
nq? wKfv‡e cvIqv hvq?
cÖkœ : 4| w¯’wZ I MwZ ej‡Z wK eyS? A_ev, ` ﾁ iZ¡Ñmgq †jL †_‡K Amg †jL
cÖkœ : 5| msÁv `vI : wbY©‡qi c×wZ eY©bv Ki| (h.†ev.
K) miY (m. †ev. Õ98; P.†ev. 2002; 2001)
h.†ev. Õ06; Õ01) cÖkœ : 13| Z¡i‡Yi gvÎv wbY©q Ki|
L) `ª“wZ (P. †ev. Õ99) (Xv.†ev. P.ev. 2006; wm.†ev.
M) †eM (Kz. †ev. Õ99, 2000; P. 2001; 2003)
†ev. 2002) cÖkœ : 13| Z¡i‡Yi gvÎv wbY©q Ki|
N) mylg †eM (iv.†ev. Õ05;h. †ev. (Xv.†ev. P.ev. 2006;
Õ05; Õ01; Kz.†ev.wm.†ev. Õ01) wm.†ev. 2001; 2003)
cÖkœ : 15| †Kvb e¯‘i Z¡iY 5ms−2 cwðg
O) Amg †eM (iv.†ev. 2005; h.†ev. w`‡K ej‡Z wK eyS?
2001) cÖkœ 16| mylg Z¡i‡Yi †¶‡Î †eM ebvg
Q) mylg Z¡iY (P.†ev. iv.†ev. Õ04; Xv. mgq †jL †_‡K wKfv‡e Z¡iY cvIqv
†ev. h. †ev. 2000; wm.†ev.Xv.†ev. hvq?
Kz.†ev. h.†ev. 2002) cÖkœ : 17| e¯‘i Avw`‡eM, Z¡iY I
MwZKvj Rvbv _vK‡j MwZi †Kvb
P) Z¡iY (P.†ev. Õ06; e .†ev. mgxKiY †_‡K †kl‡eM cvIqv hv‡e?
Õ01; h.†ev. Õ06; Õ02; iv †ev. Õ02 cÖkœ : 18| Avw`‡eM, †kl‡eM I MwZKvj
R) Amg Z¡iY| Rvbv _vK‡j †Kvb mgxKiY †_‡K
cÖkœ : 6| †Kvb e¯‘i miY 40m AwZµvš ﾏ `ﾁ iZ¡ Rvbv hv‡e?
c ﾁ e©w`‡K ej‡Z wK eyS? cÖkœ : 19| Avw`‡eM, Z¡iY I MwZKvj
cÖkœ : 7| †Kvb Mvwoi `ª“wZ 50 kmh Rvbv _vK‡j †Kvb mgxKiY †_‡K miY
−1
ej‡Z wK eyS? Rvbv hv‡e?
cÖkœ : 8| mylg `ª“wZ I Amg `ª“wZi cÖkœ : 20| †Kvb e¯‘i Avw`‡eM, miY I
31 GUg ✏ gva¨wgK c`v_© weÁvb
Z¡iY Rvbv _vK‡j †Kvb mgxKiY †_‡K †cQ‡bi w`‡K Qy‡U hvq †Kb?
†kl‡eM wbY©q Kiv hv‡e? cÖ_œ : 38| e›`yK n‡Z ¸wj †Qvov n‡j
cÖkœ : 21| wbDU‡bi MwZi m ﾁ Î¸‡jv e›`yK †cQ‡bi w`‡K av°v †`q| KviY
wee„Z Ki| (ewi.†ev. 2005) e¨vL¨v Ki|
cÖkœ : 22| RoZv ej‡Z wK eyS? cÖkœ : 39| i‡KU wKfv‡e P‡j e¨vL¨v Ki|
(h.†ev. wm.†ev. 2006; iv. cÖkœ : 40| Zvr¶wYK `ª“wZ Kv‡K e‡j?
†ev. Õ06; 2001; Xv.†ev. 2003; cÖkœ : 41| e›`y‡Ki cðvr †eM wbY©‡qi
Kz.†ev. 2003; 2005; ewi.†ev. 2004) mgxKiYwU cÖwZcv`b Ki|
cÖkœ : 23| †_‡g _vKv evm nVvr Pjv ïi“
Ki‡j evmhvÎx †cQ‡bi w`‡K †n‡j AwZwi³
c‡ob| KviY e¨vL¨v Ki| cÖ‡kœvËi
cÖkœ : 24| Pjš ﾏ evm nVvr †eªK Ki‡j
cÖkœ : 1| miY, Z¡iY, Avw`‡eM I †kl‡e‡Mi
hvÎxiv mvg‡bi w`‡K Szu‡K c‡ob|
g‡a¨ m¤•K© cÖwZcv`b Ki| (P.†ev.
KviY e¨vL¨v Ki| (h.†ev. Õ06; P.†ev.
2004)
2001)
cÖkœ : 2| `ª“wZ I †e‡Mi g‡a¨
cÖkœ : 25| fi‡eM Kv‡K e‡j?
cv_©K¨ wjL| (Xv.†ev. 2005)
(iv.†ev. 2006; Xv.†ev. Õ06; Õ99 ;
cÖkœ : 3| †eM I Z¡i‡Yi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wjL|
h.†ev. Õ04; 2000; P.†ev. 2003;
cÖkœ : 4| Amg Z¡i‡Yi †¶‡Î †eM-mgq †jL
2005; wm.†ev. 2005; Kz.†ev.
†_‡K wKfv‡e Z¡iY cvIqv hvq?
2004)
cÖkœ : 5| 1N ej Kv‡K e‡j?
cÖkœ : 26| fi‡eM wK ivwk? †Kb?
(Kz.†ev. 2003)
cÖkœ : 27| fi‡e‡Mi gvÎv wbY©q Ki|
cÖkœ : 6| Nl©b Kv‡K e‡j? Nl©‡bi
(Xv.†ev. Õ99; wm.†ev. 2005)
Amyweav¸‡jv wK wK?
cÖkœ : 28| fi‡e‡Mi GKK wK?
(Kz.†ev. 2004)
cÖkœ : 29| †Kvb e¯‘i fi‡eM 500 kgms−1
ej‡Z wK eyS? Abykxjbxi iPbvg ﾁ jK
(wm.†ev. 2003) cÖkœ : 1| D`vni‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ †¯‹jvi
cÖkœ : 30| ej Kv‡K e‡j? (P.†ev. 2006; ivwk I †f±i ivwk e¨vL¨v Ki| †f±i
2000; Kz.†ev. 2005; 2002; Xv.†ev. ivwk cÖKv‡ki wbqg e¨vL¨v Ki|
2003; h.†ev. 2005) cÖkœ : 2| D`vni‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ †`LvI †h
cÖkœ : 31| ej wKfv‡e cwigvc Kiv nq? †f±i ivwki †hvM mvaviY exR
(Kz. †ev. 2001) MvwYwZK wbq‡g Kiv hvq bv|
cÖkœ : 32| e‡ji gvÎv wbY©q Ki| cÖkœ : 3| Ògnvwe‡k¦i mKj w¯’wZB
(Xv.†ev. 2003; h.†ev. 2005) Av‡cw¶K, mKj MwZB Av‡cw¶K|
cÖkœ : 33| e‡ji GKK wK? e‡ji †Kvb w¯’wZ ev MwZ cig bq|Ó
GK‡Ki msÁv `vI| D`vni‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ GB wee„wZ
(Xv.†ev. 2006; P.†ev. 2000) e¨vL¨v Ki| (h.†ev. 2006;
cÖkœ : 34| 50 N ej ej‡Z wK Xv.†ev. 2002)
eyS? cÖkœ 4| D`vni‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ `ﾁ iZ¡ I mi‡Yi
cÖkœ : 35| wbDU‡bi MwZi wØZxq m ﾁ Î cv_©K¨ eY©bv Ki|
†_‡K MwZi †Kvb m ﾁ ÎwU cÖkœ : 5| mylg †eM ej‡Z wK eyS? mylg
cÖwZcv`b Kiv hvq? [wm.†ev. †e‡Mi GKwU D`vniY `vI|
2004] (Kz †ev. 2001 ; wm. †ev. 2001;
cÖkœ : 36| fi‡e‡Mi msi¶Y m ﾁ ÎwU Xv. †ev. 2004; iv.†ev. 2005; h.†ev.
wee„Z Ki| 2005)
(Kz. †ev. Õ99 ; h. †ev. 2000; cÖkœ : 6| `ﾁ iZ¡-mgq †jL †_‡K †eM
Kz.†ev. 2003; P.†ev. 2005; wbY©‡qi c×wZ eY©bv Ki|
wm.†ev. 2005) cÖkœ : 7| mylg Z¡iY Kv‡K e‡j? mylg
cÖkœ : 37| †bŠKv †_‡K jvd w`‡j †bŠKv Z¡i‡Yi GKwU cÖvK…wZK D`vniY
`vI|
cwigvc 32
(ewi.†ev. 2003; Xv.†ev. 2005; A_ev, wbDU‡bi MwZi wØZxq m ﾁ ÎwU

2002; 2000; Kz.†ev. 2002; h.†ev. wee„Z Ki Ges †`LvI †h, F = ma.
2006; 2000; Xv.†ev. 200; iv.†ev. (ewi. †ev.Õ05; 2001; P.†ev.
wm.†ev. 2004) 2006; wm.†ev. Õ06; Õ03)
cÖkœ : 8| †eM-mgq †jL †_‡K Z¡iY A_ev, wbDU‡bi MwZi wØZxq m ﾁ Î †_‡K
wbY©‡qi c×wZ eY©bv Ki| cÖhy³ ej, fi I Z¡i‡Yi m¤•K©
cÖkœ : 9| MwZi wb‡æv³ mgxKiY¸‡jv wbY©q Ki| [Kz.†ev. 2004; Õ99;
cÖwZcv`b Ki| ewi.†ev. 2005]
K. v = u + at (Xv.†ev. 2000; cÖkœ : 18| wbDU‡bi MwZi wØZxq m ﾁ
iv.†ev. 2003) Î †_‡K cÖ_g m ﾁ ÎwU cÖwZcv`b Ki|
L. s = t
M. s = ut + at2 (h.†ev. Kz.†ev. 2006; Õ99; iv.†ev.
(wm.†ev. 2004; Xv.†ev.P.†ev.2000 ; 2001; P.†ev. 2002; Xv.†ev. ewi.
P.†ev. 2001; iv.†ev. 2002; Kz.†ev. †ev.2005)
2003; h.†ev. 2003;2005; ewi.†ev. cÖkœ : 19| D`vni‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ wbDU‡bi
2003) MwZi Z…Zxq m ﾁ Î e¨vL¨v Ki|
N. v2 = u2 + 2as A_ev, D`vni‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ wbDU‡bi MwZi
(Kz. †ev. Õ99; 2001 h. †ev. 2000 ; Z…Zxq m ﾁ Î eY©bv Ki|
P. †ev. 2005; 2001; Xv.†ev. 2002; (h.†ev. 2000)
wm.†ev. 2004; 2001; P.†ev. 2005) cÖkœ : 20| fi‡e‡Mi msi¶Y m ﾁ ÎwU
cÖkœ : 10| cÖgvY Ki †h, w¯’i Ae¯’vb cÖwZcv`b Ki|
†_‡K mylg Z¡i‡Y Pjgvb e¯‘i †h (Xv.†ev. ewi.†ev. 2004; h.†ev.
†Kvb mg‡q †eM mg‡qi 2000 ; Xv.†ev. h.†ev. iv. †ev.
mgvbycvwZK| 2001; wm.†ev. 2005; 2002)
cÖkœ : 11| cÖgvY Ki †h, w¯’i Ae¯’vb A_ev, fi‡e‡Mi msi¶Y m ﾁ ÎwU wee„Z I
†_‡K mylg Z¡i‡Y Pjgvb e¯‘i cÖwZcv`b Ki|
AwZµvš ﾏ ` ﾁ iZ¡ mg‡qi e‡M©i (Xv.†ev. 2006; h.†ev. 2001; P.†ev.
mgvbycvwZK| 2003; iv.†ev. Kz.†ev. 2006; 2003)
(Kz. †ev. 2000 ; h. †ev. 2001; cÖkœ : 21| Nl©Y ej‡Z wK eyS? ˆ`bw›`b
iv.†ev. 2000; wm.†ev. 2003) Rxe‡b Nl©‡Yi cÖfve Av‡jvPbv Ki|
cÖkœ : 12| cÖgvY Ki †h, w¯’i Ae¯’vb (Xv.†ev. 2001; h.†ev. 2003; e.†ev.
†_‡K mylg Z¡i‡Y Pjgvb e¯‘i †h 2003)
†Kvb mg‡qi †eM e¯‘i AwZµvš ﾏ MvwYwZK
`ﾁ i‡Z¡i eM©g ﾁ‡ji mgvbycvwZK| D`vniYmg ﾁ n
(iv. †ev. 2000, 2005; ewi.†ev. D`v : 1| GKwU Mvwoi †eM 10ms −1 †_‡K
2006; 2003; Kz.†ev. 2005) mylgfv‡e e„w× †c‡q 5s c‡i 25 ms −1
cÖkœ : 13| wbDU‡bi MwZi cÖ_g m ﾁ Î nq| MvwowUi Z¡iY †ei Ki|
†_‡K wKfv‡e RoZvi aviYv cvIqv D`v : 2| GKwU Mvwoi †eM 27 ms − 1 †_‡K
hvq e¨vL¨v Ki| mylgfv‡e n«vm †c‡q 8 s c‡i 11 ms −
cÖkœ : 14| D`vniYmn RoZv e¨vL¨v Ki| 1
nq| MvwowUi Z¡iY †ei Ki|
cÖkœ : 15| fi n‡”Q c`v‡_©i RoZvi D`v : 3| 72 kmh−1 †e‡M Pjš ﾏ GKwU
cwigvc| D`vni‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ e¨vL¨v Mvwo‡Z 6 s hver 1.5 ms−2 Z¡iY
Ki| cÖ‡qvM Kiv nj| MvwowUi †kl‡eM
cÖkœ : 16| wbDU‡bi MwZi cÖ_g m ﾁ Î KZ Ges Z¡iYKv‡j KZ `ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg
†_‡K wKfv‡e e‡ji ¸YMZ msÁv
Ki‡e?
cvIqv hvq eY©bv Ki|
(h.†ev. 2006; 2004; Kz.†ev.
cÖkœ : 17| wbDU‡bi MwZi wØZxq m ﾁ
2002; wm.†ev. 2002)
Î †_‡K cÖgvY Ki †h, F = ma. (h.†ev.
D`v : 4| Lvov Dc‡ii w`‡K GKwU i‡KU
2002; Xv.†ev. 2003; 2005) wb‡¶c Kiv n‡j Gi R¡vjvwb Dc‡ii
w`‡K 40 ms−2 Z¡iY m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i nj| ivB‡d‡ji fi hw` 2 kg nq, Gi cðvr
Ges R¡vjvwb †kl bv nIqv ch©š ﾏ †eM †ei Ki| (wm.†ev. 2004; P.
GB Z¡i‡Yi gvb GKB _v‡K| †ev. Õ99; Xv.†ev. 2002; iv.†ev.
i‡KUwU‡K hw` 8 kms−1 †eM AR©b 2002; Abyiƒc Kz.†ev. 2001)
Ki‡Z nq Z‡e KZ mg‡qi Rb¨ Abykxjbxi
R¡vjvwb‡K eënv‡ii cÖ‡qvRb
n‡e?
MvwYwZK
D`v : 5| w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K mgm¨v
mylg Z¡i‡Y Pj‡Z ïi“ K‡i GKwU mgm¨v : 1| hw` GKwU e¯‘i †eM 7s -G
Mvwo 4 wgwb‡U cÖ_g 3 ms−1 †_‡K 31ms−1 G DbœxZ nq|
wK‡jvwgUvi c_ AwZµg K‡i| Gici e¯‘wUi Z¡iY KZ?
MvwowU hw` mylg †e‡M Pj‡Z mgm¨v : 2| 4ms−2 mylg Z¡i‡Y Pjš ﾏ GKwU
_v‡K Zvn‡j wØZxq wK‡jvwgUvi †Uªb †Kvb †÷kb AwZµg Kivi ci 10
AwZµg Ki‡Z Gi KZ mgq jvM‡e? s- G 240 m ` ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i|
†÷kb‡K AwZµg Kivi mgq
D`v : 6| `ywU Mvwo 4ms − 1 Ges 7ms − 1 †eM
†UªbwUi †eM KZ wQj?
w`‡q GKwU cÖwZ‡hvwMZv ïi“ K‡i| mgm¨v : 3| 36
G‡ì Z¡iY h_vµ‡g 0. 5 ms − 2 Ges 0.4 kmh−1 †e‡M Pjš ﾏ GKwU Mvwo‡K
ms − 2 | hw` Mvwo `ywU GKB mg‡q †eªK K‡l 50 s- G _vgv‡bv nj|
†kl cÖv‡š ﾏ † cuŠQvq, Z‡e Giv KZ MvwowUi Z¡iY KZ? GB mg‡q
mgq a‡i cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq Ask MvwowU KZ `ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg Ki‡e?
wb‡qwQj?
D`v : 7| w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K (Kz.†ev. iv.†ev. h.†ev. 2000;
GKwU †Uªb 10 ms− 2 mylg Z¡i‡Y Kz.†ev. 2002; iv.†ev. 2001;
Pjvi mgq 125 m ` ﾁ i‡Z¡ Aew¯’Z ewi.†ev. 2003)
GKwU †cvó‡K KZ †e‡M AwZµg mgm¨v : 4| f‚wg Z¨vM Kivi c ﾁ‡e© w¯’i
Ki‡e? Ae¯’vb †_‡K 10 ms−2 mylg Z¡i‡Y
D`v : 8| 54 kmh−1 †e‡M Pjš ﾏ GKRb Mvwoi GKwU wegvb ivbI‡q‡Z 2km
PvjK 46 m ` ﾁ ‡ i GKRb c_Pvix‡K †`Šovq| ivbI‡q AwZµg Ki‡Z
†`L‡Z †c‡jb Ges mv‡_ mv‡_ †eªK wegvbwUi KZ mgq jvM‡e?
†P‡c w`‡jb| G‡Z MvwowU c_Pvixi (wm.†ev. 2006; ewi.†ev. 2002)
1m mvg‡b G‡m †_‡g †Mj| mgm¨v : 5| 2 ms−2 Z¡iY m„wóKvix
MvwowUi Z¡iY Ges †eªK Kivi ci Gw·jv‡iUi †P‡c 9m hvIqvi ci †Kvb
Mvwo _vg‡Z KZ mgq †j‡MwQj †ei Mvwoi †eM 10 ms−1 nj| Gw·jv‡iUi
Ki| Pvcvi g ﾁ û‡Z© MvwowUi †eM
KZ wQj?
[ewi.†ev. 2006]
D`v : 9| 20 kg f‡ii GKwU e¯‘i Dci KZ ej
cÖhy³ n‡j Gi Z¡iY n‡e 2 ms−2 ? (h. †ev. 2000, 2001; wm.†ev.
D`v : 10| 9.1 × 10−31 kg f‡ii GKwU w¯’i 2005)
B‡jKUª‡bi Dci 1.82 × 10−16 N ej 10−9 mgm¨v : 6| 15 kg f‡ii †Kvb e¯‘i Dci 105 N ej
s a‡i KvR K‡i| GB mgq †k‡l cÖ‡qvM Ki‡j Zvi Z¡iY KZ n‡e? (h.
B‡jKUª‡bi †eM KZ n‡e? †ev. 2000; Xv. †ev. 2001)
(h. †ev. 2000) mgm¨v : 7| 50 kg f‡ii GwU w¯’i e¯‘i 100 N
D`v : 11| 4kg fi es 12 ms−1 †e‡Mi GKwU e¯‘ GKwU ej 2 †m‡KÊ a‡i wµqv K‡i|
Pjš ﾏ Ae¯’vq wecixZ w`K †_‡K GB mgq †k‡l e¯‘wUi †eM KZ
AvMZ 6 kg fi Ges 4 ms−1 †e‡Mi Aci n‡e? (ewi.†ev. 2004;
GKwU e¯‘i mv‡_ wg‡j GKwU iv.†ev. Õ99)
e¯‘‡Z cwiYZ nq| wgwjZ e¯‘i †eM mgm¨v : 8| 10 g f‡ii GKwU ey‡jU 300 ms−1
KZ n‡e? †e‡M GK UzKiv Kv‡Vi g‡a¨ 4.5 cm
(P.†ev. 2003) cÖ‡ek K‡i †_‡g †Mj|
D`v : 12| GKwU ivB‡dj †_‡K 1kms−1 evav`vbKvix e‡ji gvb wbY©q
†e‡M 10g f‡ii GKwU ey‡jU †Qvov Ki| Ges G ` ﾁ iZ¡ †h‡Z ey‡jUwUi
cwigvc 34
KZ mgq †j‡M‡Q? KZ ? (P.†ev. 2006; iv.†ev.
(Kz.†ev. 2006; Xv.†ev. 2004;m. 2000; 2005)
†ev. Õ98; wm.†ev. 2003; h.†ev. mgm¨v : 6| GKwU †Uªb 40kmh−1 †eM Pj‡Q|
P.†ev. 2005) Dnv‡K †eªK cÖ‡qvM K‡i 30
mgm¨v : 9| 600 kg f‡ii GKLvwb Mvwo 20 †m‡K‡Û _vgv‡bv nj Gi g›`b KZ ?
ms−1 †e‡M mij c‡_ Pj‡Z Pj‡Z 1400 (h : †evt Õ99 ; Kzt †evt, Pt †evt,
kg f‡ii GKLvwb w¯’i Uªv‡Ki mv‡_ ivt †evt Õ99; wm.†ev. 2003)
av°v †L‡q AvU‡K †Mj| wgwjZ mgm¨v : 7| 9.1 × 10−13kg f‡ii GKwU w¯’i
Mvwo `ywUi †eM KZ n‡e? B‡jKUª‡bi Dci 2 × 10−16N ej 10−9s
(Xv.†ev. 2000; 2005; h.†ev. a‡i KvR K‡i| GB mgq †k‡l
2000) B‡jKUª‡bi †eM KZ n‡e wbY©q
mgm¨v : 10| 3 kg f‡ii GKwU e¯‘ 2 ms−1 †e‡M Ki|
c ﾁ e©w`‡K Pj‡Q| 1 kg f‡ii Aci (ht †evt 2000 ; 2001)
GKwU e¯‘ 2 ms−1 †e‡M cwðgw`‡K
Pj‡Q| †Kvb GK mgq e¯‘ `ywUi
g‡a¨ msN‡l©i d‡j Giv wg‡j GK
n‡q †Mj| wgwjZ e¯‘wU †Kvbw`‡K
KZ †e‡M Pj‡Q? (ewi.†ev. 2005)
mgm¨v : 11| GKwU 10 g f‡ii ¸wj 6 kg
f‡ii GKwU e›`y‡Ki bj †_‡K 300 ms−
1
†e‡M †ewi‡q †Mj| e›`y‡Ki cðvr
†eM †ei Ki| (Kz.†ev. P.†ev.
Õ99; Kz.†ev. 2001 ; Xv.†ev.
2006; 2001)
AwZwi³
MvwYwZK
mgm¨v
mgm¨v : 1| 72 kmh−1 †e‡M Mvwoi GKRb
PvjK 42m ` ﾁ ‡ i GKRb c_Pvix‡K
†`L‡Z †c‡q mv‡_ mv‡_ †eªK K‡l
w`‡jb| G‡Z MvwowU c_Pvixi 2m
mvg‡b G‡m †_‡g †Mj| Mvwoi Z¡iY
KZ wQj? [P.†ev. 2004]
mgm¨v : 2| GKwU Mvwo 20 ms−1 †eM wb‡q
P‡j 6 †m‡K‡Ê 147m `ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg
Kij| MvwowUi Z¡iY I †kl †eM
wbY©q Ki| (Kz.†ev. 2005)
mgm¨v : 3| GKwU e›`yK n‡Z 1ms−1 †e‡M
10gm f‡ii GKwU ey‡jU †Quvov nj|
e›`y‡Ki fi hw` 2 kg nq Z‡e Gi cðvr
†eM KZ n‡e ? (P.†ev. Õ99 ;
Kz.†ev. 2001)
mgm¨v : 4| 60kg f‡ii GKwU e¯‘ 20ms−1
†e‡M mij c‡` Pj‡Z Pj‡Z 140kg f‡ii
GKwU w¯’i e¯‘i mv‡_ av°v †L‡q
Pj‡Z ïi“ Kij| wgwjZ e¯‘Ø‡qi †eM
wbY©q Ki| (Xv.†ev. h.†ev. 2000)
mgm¨v : 5| 72mh−1 †e‡M Pjš ﾏ GKwU †ij
Mvwo‡K †eªK K‡l 50s-G _v‡gv‡bv
nj| MvwowUi AwZµvš ﾏ ` ﾁ iZ¡
mgm¨v : 8| 40 kg f‡ii GKwU e¯‘ 20 ms−1 mgm¨v : 9| 200N GKwU ej 100kg f‡ii
†e‡M mijc‡_ Pj‡Z Pj‡Z 160 kg f‡ii GKwU w¯’i e¯‘i Dci 4 †m‡KÛ a‡i
GKwU w¯’i e¯‘i mv‡_ av°v †L‡q wµqv K‡i| e¯‘wUi †eM KZ n‡e?
GK‡Î Pj‡Z ïi“ Kij| wgwjZ e¯‘i †eM (h.†ev. 2003)
Abykxjbxi
msw¶ßÑDËi
cÖ‡kœvËi
cÖkœ : 1| †f±i ivwk I †¯‹jvi ivwk Kv‡K e‡j? D`vniY `vI| (h.†ev. 2004;
iv.†ev. 2002; Kz. †ev. Õ99 ; iv. †ev. Õ99 ; P. †ev. Õ99)
DËi : †f±i ivwk :
†h me †fŠZ ivwk‡K m¤• ﾁ Y©iƒ‡c cÖKvk Kivi Rb¨ gvb I w`K Df‡qiB
cÖ‡qvRb nq, Zv‡ì‡K †f±i ivwk e‡j|
D`vniY : miY, IRb, †eM, Z¡iY, ej, Zwor ZxeªZv, †PŠ¤^K ZxeªZv|
†¯‹jvi ivwk :
†h me †fŠZ ivwk‡K ïaygvÎ gvb Øviv m¤• ﾁ Y©iƒ‡c cÖKvk Kiv hvq, w`K
wb‡`©‡ki cÖ‡qvRb nq bv, Zv‡ì‡K †¯‹jvi ivwk e‡j|
D`vniY : ˆ`N©¨, fi, `ª“wZ, KvR, kw³, mgq, ZvcgvÎv|
cÖkœ : 2| †¯‹jvi I †f±i ivwki cv_©K¨ eY©bv Ki| (wm.†ev. 2005;
Kz.†ev 2004; h. †ev. Õ99)
DËi : †¯‹jvi ivwk I †f±i ivwki cv_©K¨ :
êwkó¨ †¯‹jvi ivwk †f±i ivwk
1. msÁv 1. †h mKj †fŠZivwk‡K ïay 1. †h mKj †fŠZivwk‡K
gvb w`‡q m¤•ﾁ Y©iƒ‡c m¤• ﾁ Y©iƒ‡c cÖKvk Kivi
cÖKvk Kiv hvq w`K Rb¨ gvb I w`K Df‡qiB
wb‡`©‡ki cÖ‡qvRb nq cÖ‡qvRb nq Zv‡ì‡K †f±i
bv Zv‡ì‡K †¯‹jvi ivwk ivwk e‡j|
e‡j|
2. cwieZ©b 2. ïay gv‡bi cwieZ©b n‡j 2. ïay gvb A_ev ïay w`K
†¯‹jvi ivwki cwieZ©b A_ev Df‡qi cwieZ©b n‡j
nq| †f±i ivwk cwiewZ©Z nq|
3. †hvM, 3. mvaviY MvwYwZK 3. exRMwY‡Zi wbq‡g nq|
we‡qvM wbq‡g nq|
¸Y c×wZ
4. ¸Ydj G 4. `yBwU †¯‹jvi ivwki 4. `yBwU †f±i ivwk
cÖvß ivwk ¸Y‡b me©`v GKwU myweavRbKfv‡e
†¯‹jvi ivwk cvIqv hvq| ¸Y‡b GKwU †f±i I GKwU
†¯‹jvi ivwk cvIqv hvq|
5. ¸Ydj k ﾁ b¨ 5. `yBwU †¯‹jvi ivwki 5. `yBwU †f±i ivwki ¸Ydj
¸Ydj k ﾁ b¨ nq bv hw` ivwk `yBwUi Df‡qiB gvb
bv ivwk `yBwUi †h k ﾁ b¨ bv n‡jI k ﾁ b¨ n‡Z
cwigvc 36
†Kvb GKwU A_ev DfqB cv‡i|

k ﾁ b¨ nq|
cÖkœ : 3| R¨vwgwZK Dcv‡q GKwU †f±i ivwk‡K wKfv‡e wb‡`©k
Kiv nq?
DËi : †f±i ivwki wb‡`©kbv : (R¨vwgwZK Dcv‡q)
†Kvb Z‡ji Dci `yBwU we›`yi ms‡hvM mij‡iLv Øviv GKwU †f±i wb‡`©k
Kiv nq|
wPÎ mij‡iLv Øviv GKwU †f±i wb‡`©k Kiv n‡q‡Q| †iLvi A we›`ywU‡K
m ﾁ Pbv we›`y ev g ﾁ j we›`y Ges
B we›`y‡K †kl we›`y ev cÖvwš ﾏ K we›`y e‡j|
A B
†iLvwUi ˆ`N©¨ †f±‡ii gvb Ges Dc‡i ¯’vwcZ Zxi wPýwU †f±‡ii w`K
wb‡`©k K‡i‡Q| GwUB †f±i ivwk cÖKv‡ki R¨vwgwZK c×wZ|
cÖkœ : 4| w¯’wZ I MwZ ej‡Z wK eyS?
DËi : w¯’wZ :
mg‡qi cwieZ©‡bi mv‡_ cvwicvwk¦©‡Ki mv‡c‡¶ hLb †Kvb e¯‘i Ae¯’v‡bi
cwieZ©b N‡U bv ZLb H e¯‘‡K w¯’wZkxj ev w¯’i e‡j| Avi G Ae¯’vb
AcwiewZ©Z _vKv‡K e‡j w¯’wZ|
MwZ : mg‡qi cwieZ©‡bi mv‡_ cvwicvwk¦©‡Ki mv‡c‡¶ hLb †Kvb e¯‘i
Ae¯’v‡bi cwieZ©b N‡U ZLb Zv‡K MwZkxj ejv nq| Avi Ae¯’v‡bi
cwieZ©‡bi G NUbv‡K MwZ e‡j|
cÖkœ : 5| msÁv `vI :
K) miY (m. †ev. Õ98; P.†ev. 2002; h.†ev. Õ06; Õ01) L) `ª“wZ
(P. †ev. Õ99)
M)†eM (Kz. †ev. Õ99, 2000; P. †ev. 2002) N) mylg †eM
(iv.†ev. Õ05;h. †ev. Õ05; Õ01; Kz.†ev.wm.†ev. Õ01)
O) Amg †eM (iv.†ev. 2005; h.†ev. 2001) Q) mylg Z¡iY (P.†ev.
iv.†ev. Õ04; Xv. †ev. h. †ev. 2000; wm.†ev.Xv.†ev. Kz.†ev. h.†ev. 2002)
P) Z¡iY (P.†ev. Õ06; e .†ev. Õ01; h.†ev. Õ06; Õ02; iv †ev. Õ02) R)
Amg Z¡iY|
DËi : K) miY :
msÁv : wbw`©ó w`‡K e¯‘i cvwicvwk¦©‡Ki mv‡c‡¶ Ae¯’v‡bi cwieZ©b‡K
miY e‡j|
mi‡Yi gvb I w`K :
†Kvb e¯‘i Avw` Ae¯’vb I †kl Ae¯’v‡bi gaëZx© b ﾁ ¨bZg ` ﾁ iZ¡ A_©vr mij
îwLK `ﾁ iZ¡B n‡”Q mi‡Yi gvb Ges mi‡Yi w`K n‡”Q e¯‘i Avw` Ae¯’vb †_‡K †kl
Ae¯’v‡bi w`‡K| miY GKwU w`K ivwk|
e¨vL¨v : miY e¯‘i MwZc‡_i Dci wbf©i K‡i bv| †Kvb GKwU e¯‘ A †_‡K B
Ae¯’v‡b wewfbœ c‡_ †h‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ e¯‘wUi miY n‡e A †_‡K B Gi w`‡K|
A I B Gi gaëZx© b ﾁ¨bZg `ﾁ iZ¡ A_©vr G‡¶‡Î

AB mij îwLK `ﾁ iZ¡ nj mi‡Yi gvb Ges w`K nj A
†_‡K B Gi w`‡K| †h‡nZz mi‡Yi gvb I w`K DfqB
Av‡Q, Kv‡RB GwU GKwU †f±i ivwk|
gvÎv : mi‡Yi gvÎv n‡”Q ˆ`‡N©ï gvÎv| AZGe [ miY ] = [ L ]
GKK : Gg. †K. Gm c×wZ‡Z mi‡Yi GKK wgUvi (m)
wm. wR. Gm c×wZ‡Z mi‡Yi GKK
†mw›UwgUvi (cm) wPÎ :
Gd. wc. Gm c×wZ‡Z mi‡Yi GKK dzU (ft)
L) `ª“wZ :
msÁv : mij ev eµc‡_ mg‡qi mv‡_ †Kvb e¯‘i Ae¯’v‡bi cwieZ©‡bi nvi‡K
`ª“wZ e‡j| e¯‘ GKK mg‡q †h `ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i ZvB n‡”Q `ª“wZi cwigvY|
e¨vL¨v : hw` †Kvb e¯‘ t mg‡q d `ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i, Zvn‡j `ª“wZ v =
ivwk : `ª“wZi ïay gvb Av‡Q, w`K †bB ZvB GwU GKwU †¯‹jvi ivwk|
gvÎv : `ª“wZi gvÎv nj Gi gvÎv|
∴ [ v ] = = [ LT −1 ]
GKK : `ª“wZi GKK Gi GKK|
Gg. †K. Gm c×wZ‡Z `ª“wZi GKK wgUvi / †m. (m /
sec)
wm. wR. Gm c×wZ‡Z `ª“wZi GKK †mwg / †m. (cm /
sec)
Gd. wc. Gm c×wZ‡Z `ª“wZi GKK dzU / †m. (ft / sec).
M. †eM :
msÁv : mg‡qi mv‡_ †Kvb e¯‘i mi‡Yi nvi‡K †eM e‡j A_©vr e¯‘ wbw`©ó
w`‡K GKK mg‡q †h c_ AwZµg K‡i Zv‡K †eM e‡j|
e¨vL¨v : hw` †Kvb e¯‘ t mg‡q wbw`©ó w`‡K d `ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i
Zvn‡j †eM v = .
ivwk : †e‡Mi gvb I w`K `yB-B Av‡Q| ZvB †eM GKwU †f±i ivwk|
gvÎv : †e‡Mi gvÎv I `ª“wZi gvÎv GKB| A_©vr [ LT −1 ]
GKK : †e‡Mi GKK I `ª“wZi GKK GKB| A_©vr−
Gg. †K. Gm c×wZ‡Z †e‡Mi GKK wgUvi /
†m. (m / sec)
wm. wR. Gm c×wZ‡Z †e‡Mi GKK †mwg /
†m. (cm / sec)
Gd. wc. Gm c×wZ‡Z †e‡Mi GKK dzU /
†m. (ft / sec).
N. mylg †eM :
msÁv : wbw`©ó w`‡K †Kvb e¯‘ me©`v mgvb mg‡q mgvb `ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg
Ki‡j Zvi †eM‡K mylg †eM e‡j|
e¨vL¨v : g‡b Kwi, GKwU MwZkxj e¯‘ 1g †m‡K‡Û 25 cm, wØZxq †m‡K‡Û 25
cm, Z…Zxq †m‡K‡Û 25 cm, A_©vr cÖwZ †m‡K‡Û 25 cm `ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i|
cwigvc 38
25 cm 25 cm 25 cm
>
1 sec
>
1 sec
>
1 sec
G‡¶‡Î e¯‘wU mgvb mg‡q mgvb ` ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg Ki‡Q| myZivs e¯‘wU
mylg‡e‡M Pj‡Q Ges Gi gvb 25cm/sec wbw`©ó w`‡K|
D`vniY : k‡ãi †eM mylg‡e‡Mi GKwU cÖK…ó cÖvK…wZK D`vniY| kã
wbw`©ó w`‡K me mgq mgvb mg‡q mgvb c_ AwZµg K‡i| Avi Zv n‡”Q o0
†mjwmqvm ZvcgvÎvq evqy‡Z cÖwZ †m‡K‡Û 332m| kã †Kvb wbw`©ó
w`‡K cÖ_g †m‡K‡Û 332m, wØZxq †m‡K‡Û 332m Ges GBiƒc cÖwZ †m‡K‡Û
332m K‡i Pj‡Z _v‡K| GLv‡b, k‡ãi †e‡Mi gvb I w`K GKB _vKvq k‡ãi †eM 332
ms−1 nj mylg †eM|
O. Amg †eM :
msÁv : †Kvb e¯‘ hw` mgvb mg‡q mgvb c_ AwZµg bv K‡i Zvn‡j †mB
†eM‡K Amg †eM e‡j| Avevi †Kvb e¯‘ mgvb mg‡q mgvb c_ AwZµg Ki‡jI hw`
e¯‘wUi w`K cwiewZ©Z nq Zvn‡jI †mB e¯‘i †eM‡KI Amg †eM n‡e|
50 cm 25 cm
>
1 sec
>
1 sec
D`vniY : †Kvb e¯‘ hw` cÖ_g †m‡K‡Û c ﾁ e© w`‡K 50cm, wØZxq †m‡K‡Û
c ﾁ e©w`‡K 60cm hvq Z‡e Zvi †eM Amg †eM n‡e| wKsev cÖ_g †m‡K‡Û
c ﾁ e©w`‡K 50cm Ges wØZxq †m‡K‡Û DËi w`‡K 50cm c_ AwZµg K‡i Z‡e Zvi
†eMI Amg †eM n‡e|
P. Z¡iY :
msÁv : mg‡qi mv‡_ Amg †e‡Mi cwieZ©‡bi nvi‡K Z¡iY e‡j|
e¨vL¨v : †Kvb e¯‘i Avw`‡eM hw` u nq Ges t mgq c‡i Zvi †kl‡eM hw` v nq
Zvn‡j t mg‡q †e‡Mi
cwieZ©b = v − u |
GKK mg‡q †e‡Mi cwieZ©b =
∴ †eM cwieZ©‡bi nvi, A_©vr Z¡iY, a =
myZivs Z¡iY =
gvÎv : Z¡i‡Yi gvÎv nj Gi gvÎv|
A_©vr Z¡iY = = =
∴ a = = [ LT−2 ]
GKK : Z¡i‡Yi GKK n‡jv Gi GKK|
Gg. †K. Gm c×wZ‡Z Z¡i‡Yi GKK wgUvi /
2
†m . (m / sec )
2
wm. wR. Gm c×wZ‡Z Z¡i‡Yi GKK †mwg /

2
†m . (cm / sec )
2
Gd. wc. Gm c×wZ‡Z Z¡i‡Yi GKK dzU / †m2.

(ft / sec2).
Q. mylg Z¡iY :
msÁv : †Kvb e¯‘i †eM hw` wbw`©ó w`‡K me mgq GKB nv‡i evo‡Z _v‡K
Zvn‡j †mB Z¡iY‡K mylg Z¡iY e‡j|
D`vniY : AwfK‡l©i d‡j gy³fv‡e coš ﾏ e¯‘i MwZ GKwU mylg Z¡iY MwZ| hLb
GKwU e¯‘ f‚-c„‡ô gy³fv‡e co‡Z _v‡K ZLb Zvi Z¡iY nq 9.8m/s2 A_©vr e¯‘wU
hLb f‚-c„‡ôi w`‡K Avm‡Z _v‡K ZLb Gi †eM cÖwZ †m‡K‡Û 9.8m/sec K‡i
evo‡Z _v‡K| DuPz †_‡K GKwU e¯‘ †Q‡o w`‡j cÖ_g †m‡K‡Û Gi †eM ev‡o
9.8m/sec, wØZxq †m‡K‡Û Gi †eM ev‡o 9.8m/sec, Gfv‡e cÖwZ †m‡KÛ 9.8m/sec K‡i
†eM evo‡Z _v‡K|
GLv‡b f‚-†K‡›`ªi w`‡K GKB nv‡i †eM evo‡Z _vKvi ì“b me mgqB e¯‘i GKB
Z¡iY n‡”Q| ZvB e¯‘wUi Z¡iY mylg Z¡iY|
R. Amg Z¡iY :
msÁv : †Kvb e¯‘i †eM hw` wbw`©ó w`‡K me mgq GKB nv‡i bv ev‡o,
A_©vr †eM e„w×i nvi hw` me mgq mgvb bv _v‡K, Zvn‡j †mB Z¡iY‡K
Amg Z¡iY e‡j|
D`vniY : hw` †Kvb GKwU e¯‘i †h †Kvb gyn ﾁ ‡ Z©i †eM 20ms−1 nq, 5s ci
e¯‘wUi †eM 30 ms−1 nq| AviI 5s ci †eM nq 45ms−1| cÖ_g †¶‡Î e¯‘wUi †eM e„w×i
nvi 2ms−2 wKš‘ cieZ©x mg‡q †eM e„w×i nvi 3ms−2| myZivs GwU Amg Z¡iY|
cÖkœ : 6| †Kvb e¯‘i miY 40m c ﾁ e©w`‡K ej‡Z wK eyS?
DËi : e¯‘i miY 40m c ﾁ e©w`‡K ej‡Z eySvq e¯‘wU Zvi Avw` Ae¯’vb †_‡K 40
wgUvi c ﾁ e©w`‡K m‡i †M‡Q| GLv‡b 40 wgUvi n‡”Q mi‡Yi gvb Ges
c ﾁ e©w`‡K n‡”Q mi‡Yi w`K|
cÖkœ : 7| †Kvb Mvwoi `ª“wZ 50 kmh−1 ej‡Z wK eyS?
DËi : Mvwoi `ª“wZ 50 kmh−1 ej‡Z eySvq MvwowU cÖwZN›Uvq 50
wK‡jvwgUvi `ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i| Z‡e Zv †h †Kvb w`‡K − wbw`©ó w`‡K bq|
cÖkœ : 8| mylg `ª“wZ I Amg `ª“wZi cv_©K¨ wK?
DËi : mylg `ª“wZ I Amg `ª“wZi cv_©K¨ :
mylg `ª“wZ Amg `ª“wZ
1. †Kvb e¯‘i MwZKv‡j hw` KLbI 1. e¯‘wU hw` mgvb mg‡q mgvb
`ª“wZi gv‡bi †Kvb cwieZ©b bv `ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg bv K‡i Zvn‡j †mB
nq A_©vr e¯‘wU hw` me©`v `ª“wZ‡K Amg `ª“wZ e‡j|
mgvb mg‡q mgvb `ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg
K‡i Zvn‡j H e¯‘i `ª“wZ‡K mylg
`ª“wZ e‡j|
2. mylg `ª“wZ‡Z Pj‡j e¯‘i Z¡iY 2. Amg `ª“wZ‡Z Pj‡j e¯‘i Z¡iY
_vK‡ZI cv‡i Avevi bvI _vK‡Z Aek¨B _vK‡e|
cv‡i|
3. mylg `ª“wZ‡Z Pj‡j e¯‘i Mo `ª“wZ 3. Amg `ª“wZ‡Z Pj‡j e¯‘i Mo `ª“wZ
wbY©‡qi cÖ‡qvRb c‡o bv| Mo = |
cwigvc 40
`ª“wZ mylg `ª“wZi mgvb|

4. G‡¶‡Î `ﾁ iZ¡-mgq †jL mij‡iLv nq| 4. G‡¶‡Î `ﾁ iZ¡-mgq †jL mij‡iLv nq
bv|
cÖkœ : 9| `ª“wZ Ges †e‡Mi gvÎv Ges GKK D‡jL Ki|
DËi : `ª“wZi gvÎv :
`ª“wZi gvÎv nj Gi gvÎv|
∴ [v] =
= [ LT -1 ]
`ª“wZi GKK : `ª“wZi GKK Gi GKK,
Gg. †K. Gm c×wZ‡Z `ª“wZi GKK wgUvi / †m. (m /
sec)
wm. wR. Gm c×wZ‡Z `ª“wZi GKK †mwg / †m. (cm /
sec)
Gd. wc. Gm c×wZ‡Z `ª“wZi GKK dzU / †m. (ft / sec).
†e‡Mi gvÎv I GKK : †e‡Mi gvÎv I GKK `ª“wZi gvÎv I GKK GKB|
A_©vr, †e‡Mi gvÎv [ LT −1 ] Ges GKK m/sec, cm/sec, ft/sec.
cÖkœ : 10| †eM wK †¯‹jvi ivwk bv †f±i ivwk? †Kb?
DËi : †eM GKwU †f±i ivwk| KviY †e‡Mi gvb I w`K `yB-B Av‡Q| †h mg¯ ﾏ
†fŠZ ivwk‡K cÖKvk Kivi Rb¨ gvb I w`K `yB GiB cÖ‡qvRb nq Zv‡ì‡K †f±i
ivwk e‡j| GB Rb¨ †eM GKwU †f±i ivwk|
cÖkœ : 11| mylg †e‡Mi †¶‡Î `ﾁ iZ¡ ebvg mgq †jL-Gi cÖK…wZ weiƒc
n‡e?
A_ev, `yiZ¡Ñmgq †jL †_‡K mylg †eM wbY©‡qi c×wZ eY©bv Ki?
(h.†ev. 2001)
Y
DËi : `ﾁ iZ¡ ebvg mgq †jL : P
hLb GKwU e¯‘ mylg †e‡M P‡j ZLb

ìZ¡(s)
†mwU mgvb mg‡q mgvb ` ﾁ iZ¡

AwZµg K‡i| myZivs x A‡¶i w`‡K
mgq (t) Ges y A‡¶i w`‡K ` ﾁ iZ¡ (s) O mgq (t) M X
w`‡q ` ﾁ iZ¡-mgq †jL AuvK‡j †mwU wPÎ : `ﾁ iZ¡-mgq †jL

GKwU mij‡iLv n‡e|
cÖkœ : 12| Amg †e‡Mi †¶‡Î ` ﾁ iZ¡ ebvg mgq †j‡Li †Kvb we›`y‡Z
†eM wKfv‡e cvIqv hvq?
A_ev, `ﾁ iZ¡Ñmgq †jL †_‡K Amg †jL wbY©‡qi c×wZ eY©bv Ki| (h.†ev.
2001)
DËi : `ﾁ iZ¡ ebvg mgq †jL Amg †e‡Mi
†¶‡Î :
hLb GKwU e¯‘ Amg †e‡M P‡j ZLb †mwU
mgvb mg‡q mgvb ` ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i bv|

myZivs x A‡¶i w`‡K mgq (t) Ges y A‡¶i
w`‡K `ﾁ iZ¡ (s) wb‡q `ﾁ iZ¡ ebvg mgq †jL
AuvK‡j †mwU GKwU eµ‡iLv n‡e|
awi, P we›`y‡Z †eM wbY©q Ki‡Z n‡e|
GB Rb¨ GKwU
¶z`ª mg‡KvYx wÎfzR ABC we‡ePbv Ki‡Z
n‡e| hvi AwZfzR AB GZ ¶z`ª †h GwU P
Gi AwZ mwbœK‡U eµ‡iLvi mv‡_
Kvh©Z wg‡j hvq|
P we›`y‡Z †eM n‡e H we›`y‡Z AswKZ
¯•k©‡Ki Xvj| ZvB ` ﾁ iZ¡-mgq †jL Gi †h
†Kvb we›`y‡Z AswKZ ¯•k©‡Ki Xvj H
we›`y‡Z †eM wb‡`©k K‡i| wPÎ : `ﾁ iZ¡-
mgq †jL
cÖkœ : 13| Z¡i‡Yi gvÎv wbY©q Ki| (Xv.†ev. P.ev. 2006; wm.†ev. 2001;
2003)
DËi : Z¡i‡Yi gvÎv :
Z¡i‡Yi gvÎv nj Gi gvÎv
A_©vr, Z¡iY = = =
∴ a = −2
= [ LT ]
cÖkœ : 14| Z¡i‡Yi GKK wK?

DËi : Z¡i‡Yi GKK :
Z¡i‡Yi GKK nj Gi GKK|
A_©vr, Z¡iY = = = ms −2
Gg. †K. Gm. c×wZ‡Z Z¡i‡Yi GKK ms−2
wm. wR. Gm. c×wZ‡Z Z¡i‡Yi GKK cms−2
Gd. wc. Gm. c×wZ‡Z Z¡i‡Yi GKK fts−2
cÖkœ : 15| †Kvb e¯‘i Z¡iY 5ms−2 cwðg w`‡K ej‡Z wK eyS?
DËi : †Kvb e¯‘i Z¡iY 5ms−2 cwðgw`‡K ej‡Z eySvq e¯‘wUi †eM cwðgw`‡K
cÖwZ †m‡K‡Û 5 wgUvi / †m‡KÛ K‡i e„w× cvq|
cÖkœ 16| mylg Z¡i‡Yi †¶‡Î †eM ebvg mgq †jL †_‡K wKfv‡e Z¡iY
cvIqv hvq?
DËi : mylg Z¡i‡Yi †¶‡Î : GKwU e¯‘ hLb mylg Z¡i‡Y P‡j ZLb Zvi mgvb
mg‡q mgvb †e‡Mi e„w× mgvb nq| myZivs x A‡¶i w`‡K mgq (t) Ges y
A‡¶i w`‡K †eM (v) w`‡q GKwU †eM-mgq †jL AuvK‡j †mwU GKwU mij‡iLv
n‡e|
cwigvc 42
GLb Z¡iY wbY©‡qi Rb¨ GB †j‡Li Dci Y

P
†h †Kvb GKwU we›`y P †bB| P †_‡K
X A‡¶i Dci PM j¤^ Uvwb| Zvn‡j †h
†eM (v)
†Kvb mgq OM Gi Rb¨ †e‡Mi
cwieZ©b PM cvIqv hvq|
myZivs Z¡iY, a = O mgq (t) M X
=
wPÎ : †eM-mgq †jL
cÖkœ : 17| e¯‘i Avw`‡eM, Z¡iY I MwZKvj Rvbv _vK‡j MwZi †Kvb
mgxKiY †_‡K †kl‡eM cvIqv hv‡e?
DËi : MwZi †h mgxKiY †_‡K †kl‡eM cvIqv hv‡e Zv wbæiƒc :
v = u + at
KviY Dc‡ii mgxKiYwU 4wU wel‡qi g‡a¨ m¤•K© ¯’vcb K‡i‡Q, †m¸‡jv n‡”Q
−
Avw`‡eM= u Z¡iY = a
MwZKvj = t Ges †kl‡eM = v
myZivs 3wU DcvË Rvbv _vK‡j evwKUv †ei Kiv mnR|
cÖkœ : 18| Avw`‡eM, †kl‡eM I MwZKvj Rvbv _vK‡j †Kvb mgxKiY
†_‡K AwZµvš ﾏ `ﾁ iZ¡ Rvbv hv‡e?
DËi : wb‡æi mgxKiY †_‡K `ﾁ iZ¡ Rvbv hv‡e
s = t
Dc‡ii mgxKiYwU 4wU wel‡qi g‡a¨ m¤•K© ¯’vcb K‡i‡Q|
Avw`‡eM = u †kl‡eM = v
mgq = t Ges `ﾁ iZ¡ = s
myZivs GB mgxKiY w`‡qB `ﾁ iZ¡ †ei Kiv m¤¢e|
cÖkœ : 19| Avw`‡eM, Z¡iY I MwZKvj Rvbv _vK‡j †Kvb mgxKiY
†_‡K miY Rvbv hv‡e?
DËi : wb‡Pi mgxKiY †_‡K miY Rvbv hv‡e,
s = ut + at2
GB mgxKi‡Y †h DcvË¸‡jv †Ìqv Av‡Q Zv nj−
miY =s MwZKvj = t
Avw`‡eM = u Ges Z¡iY = a
GLb, Avw`‡eM, Z¡iY I MwZKvj Rvbv _vK‡j GB mgxKiY †_‡K mn‡RB miY
†ei Kiv m¤¢e|
cÖkœ : 20| †Kvb e¯‘i Avw`‡eM, miY I Z¡iY Rvbv _vK‡j †Kvb
mgxKiY †_‡K †kl‡eM wbY©q Kiv hv‡e?
DËi : wb‡Pi mgxKiY †_‡K †kl‡eM Rvbv hv‡e,
v2 = u2 + 2as
GB mgxKi‡Y †h DcvË¸‡jv †Ìqv Av‡Q Zv nj−
Avw`‡eM = u miY = s
†kl‡eM= v Ges Z¡iY = a

GLb e¯‘i Avw`‡eM, miY I Z¡iY Rvbv _vK‡j GB mgxKiY †_‡K mn‡RB †kl‡eM
wbY©q Kiv hv‡e|
cÖkœ : 21| wbDU‡bi MwZi m ﾁ Î¸‡jv wee„Z Ki| (ewi.†ev. 2005)
DËi : wbDU‡bi MwZm ﾁ Î :
1896 mv‡j m¨vi AvBR¨vK wbDUb ej Ges MwZi gv‡S m¤•K© m ﾁ PK
wZbwU m ﾁ Î cÖwZcv`b K‡ib| Zvi bvgvbymv‡i GB wZbwU m ﾁ Î‡K
wbDU‡bi MwZm ﾁ Î e‡j| G¸‡jv wbæiƒc−
cÖ_g m ﾁ Î : evwni n‡Z †Kvb ej cÖhy³ bv n‡j A_©vr e¯‘i Dci e‡ji
jwä k ﾁ b¨ n‡j w¯’i e¯‘ wPiKvj w¯’i _vK‡e Ges MwZkxj e¯‘ wPiKvj
mg‡e‡M mij‡iLvq Pj‡Z _vK‡e|
wØZxq m ﾁ Î : †Kvb GKwU e¯‘i fi‡e‡Mi cwieZ©‡bi nvi e¯‘i Dci
cÖhy³ e‡ji mgvbycvwZK Ges ej †hw`‡K cÖhy³ nq fi‡e‡Mi
cwieZ©bI †mw`‡K N‡U|
Z…Zxq m ﾁ Î : cÖ‡Z¨K wµqvi GKwU mgvb I wecixZ cÖwZwµqv
Av‡Q|
cÖkœ : 22| RoZv ej‡Z wK eyS? (h.†ev. wm.†ev. 2006; iv. †ev. Õ06; 2001;
Xv.†ev. 2003; Kz.†ev. 2003; 2005; ewi.†ev. 2004)
DËi : RoZv :
e¯‘ †h Ae¯’vq we`¨gvb Av‡Q, wPiKvj †mB Ae¯’vq _vK‡Z PvIqvi †h
cÖeYZv ev †mB Ae¯’v eRvq ivL‡Z PvIqvi †h ag© Zv‡K RoZv e‡j|
RoZv `yÕ iK‡gi| h_v−
K) MwZ RoZv
L) w¯’wZ RoZv
K) MwZ RoZv : MwZkxj e¯‘i wPiKvj mg‡e‡M MwZkxj _vK‡Z PvIqvi
†h cÖeYZv ev GKB MwZ A¶zbœ ivLvi †h ag© Zv‡K MwZ RoZv e‡j|
D`vniY : Pjš ﾏ evm nVvr †eªK Ki‡j hvÎxiv mvg‡bi w`‡K Sz‡K c‡o| Pjš ﾏ
Ae¯’vq ev‡mi mv‡_ mv‡_ hvÎxivI GKB MwZ cÖvß nq| wKš‘ evm nVvr
†_‡g †M‡j ev‡mi mv‡_ mv‡_ hvÎxivI GKB MwZ cÖvß nq ev kix‡ii wb‡Pi
Ask w¯’i nq wKš‘ kix‡ii Dc‡ii Ask MwZ RoZvi Rb¨ mvg‡bi w`‡K GwM‡q
hvq|
L) w¯’wZ RoZv : w¯’wZkxj e¯‘i wPiKvj w¯’i _vK‡Z PvIqvi †h cÖeYZv ev
w¯’wZ eRvq ivL‡Z PvIqvi †h ag© Zv‡K w¯’wZ RoZv e‡j|
D`vniY : †_‡g _vKv evm nVvr K‡i Pj‡Z ïi“ Ki‡j evm msjMœ hvÎxi †`‡ni
Ask ev‡mi mv‡_ mv‡_ MwZkxj nq wKš‘ w¯’wZ RoZvi Rb¨ kix‡ii Dc‡ii Ask
ZLbI w¯’i _v‡K e‡j hvÎx †cQ‡bi w`‡K †n‡j c‡ob|
cÖkœ : 23| †_‡g _vKv evm nVvr Pjv ïi“ Ki‡j evmhvÎx †cQ‡bi w`‡K
†n‡j c‡ob| KviY e¨vL¨v Ki|
cwigvc 44
DËi : †_‡g _vKv evm nvVvr K‡i Pj‡Z ïi“ Ki‡j evm msjMœ hvÎxi †`‡ni Ask
ev‡mi mv‡_ mv‡_ MwZkxj nq wKš‘ w¯’wZ RoZvi Rb¨ kix‡ii Dc‡ii Ask ZLbI
w¯’i _v‡K, d‡j hvÎx †cQ‡bi w`‡K †n‡j c‡ob|
cÖkœ : 24| Pjš ﾏ evm nVvr †eªK Ki‡j hvÎxiv mvg‡bi w`‡K Szu‡K
c‡ob| KviY e¨vL¨v Ki| (h.†ev. Õ06; P.†ev. 2001)
DËi : Pjš ﾏ evm nVvr †eªK Ki‡j hvÎxiv mvg‡bi w`‡K Szu‡K c‡ob| KviY-
Pjš ﾏ Ae¯’vq ev‡mi mv‡_ mv‡_ hvÎxivI GKB MwZ cÖvß nq| wKš‘ evm
nVvr †_‡g †M‡j ev‡mi mv‡_ mv‡_ hvÎxivI GKB MwZcÖvß nq ev kix‡ii
wb‡Pi Ask w¯’i nq wKš‘ kix‡ii Dc‡ii Ask MwZ RoZvi Rb¨ mvg‡bi w`‡K
GwM‡q hvq|
cÖkœ : 25| fi‡eM Kv‡K e‡j? (iv.†ev. 2006; Xv.†ev. Õ06; Õ99 ; h.†ev.
Õ04; 2000; P.†ev. 2003; 2005; wm.†ev. 2005; Kz.†ev. 2004)
DËi : fi‡eM :
e¯‘i fi I †e‡Mi ¸Ydj‡K fi‡eM ejv nq| hw` †Kvb e¯‘i fi m Ges †eM v nq, Z‡e
fi‡eM, p = mv
fi‡eM GKwU mw`K ivwk Ges Gi w`K †e‡Mi w`‡K|
gvÎv : [ MLT − 1 ]
GKK : kgms−1
cÖkœ : 26| fi‡eM wK ivwk? †Kb?
DËi : fi‡eM n‡”Q fi I †e‡Mi ¸Ydj| fi‡eM GKwU mw`K ivwk| †h‡nZz †eM
GKwU †f±i ivwk Kv‡RB fi‡eMI GKwU †f±i ivwk| fi‡e‡Mi gvb I w`K `ywUB
Av‡Q| Gi w`K †e‡Mi w`‡K| myZivs fi‡eM GKwU †f±i ivwk|
cÖkœ : 27| fi‡e‡Mi gvÎv wbY©q Ki| (Xv.†ev. Õ99; wm.†ev. 2005)
DËi : fi‡e‡Mi gvÎv : fi‡e‡Mi gvÎv nj, fi × †e‡Mi gvÎv
A_v©r, fi‡eM = fi × †eM
= fi ×
∴ [P] = = [ MLT −1 ]
cÖkœ : 28| fi‡e‡Mi GKK wK?
DËi : fi‡e‡Mi GKK :
fi‡e‡Mi GKK = f‡ii GKK × †e‡Mi GKK|
wm. wR. Gm c×wZ‡Z fi‡e‡Mi GKK = MÖvg − †mwg /
†m‡KÛ
Gd. wc. Gm c×wZ‡Z fi‡e‡Mi GKK = cvDÊ − dzU / †m‡KÛ
Gg. †K. Gm c×wZ‡Z fi‡e‡Mi GKK = wK‡jvMÖvg − wgUvi /
†m‡KÛ |
cÖkœ : 29| †Kvb e¯‘i fi‡eM 500 kgms−1 ej‡Z wK eyS? (wm.†ev. 2003)
DËi : †Kvb e¯‘i fi‡eM 500 kgms−1 ej‡Z eySvq− 500 kg f‡ii †Kvb e¯‘ 1ms− 1
†e‡M P‡j A_ev 1 kg f‡ii †Kvb e¯‘ 500 ms−1 †e‡M Pj‡Q|
cÖkœ : 30| ej Kv‡K e‡j?

(P.†ev. 2006; 2000; Kz.†ev. 2005; 2002; Xv.†ev. 2003; h.†ev. 2005)
DËi : ej :
ej GKwU evwn¨K KviY hv †Kvb w¯’i ev mPj e¯‘i Ae¯’vi cwieZ©b K‡i ev
Ki‡Z Pvq| A_ev hv w¯’i e¯‘i Dci wµqv K‡i Zv‡K MwZkxj K‡i ev Ki‡Z Pvq|
A_ev MwZkxj e¯‘i Dci wµqv K‡i Zvi MwZi cwieZ©b K‡i ev Ki‡Z Pvq Zv‡K
ej e‡j|
e¯‘i fi I Z¡i‡Yi ¸Ydj Øviv ej cwigvc Kiv nq|
A_©vr, ej = fi × Z¡iY|
cÖkœ : 31| ej wKfv‡e cwigvc Kiv nq?
(Kz. †ev. 2001)
DËi : e‡ji cwigvc : e¯‘i fi I Z¡i‡Yi ¸Ydj Øviv ej cwigvc Kiv nq|
A_©vr, ej = fi × Z¡iY
e¨vL¨v : m f‡ii †Kvb e¯‘i Dci F ej cÖ‡qv‡M-G e¯‘wUi Z¡iY a n‡j, F = ma |
cÖkœ : 32| e‡ji gvÎv wbY©q Ki|
(Xv.†ev. 2003; h.†ev. 2005)
DËi : e‡ji gvÎv : e‡ji gvÎv nj fi × Z¡i‡Yi gvÎv
A_©vr, ej = fi × Z¡iY
= fi × = fi ×
∴ [F]= = [ MLT−2 ]
cÖkœ : 33| e‡ji GKK wK? e‡ji GK‡Ki msÁv `vI| (Xv.†ev. 2006; P.†ev.
2000)
DËi : e‡ji GKK : f‡ii GKK‡K Z¡iY Gi GKK w`‡q ¸Y Ki‡j e‡ji GKK cvIqv
hvq|
ej = fi × Z¡iY
= kg × ms−2 = kg × ms−2
G‡K wbDUb ejv nq| 1 wbDUb= 1kg × 1ms−2
e‡ji GK‡Ki msÁv : †h cwigvY ej 1kg f‡ii †Kvb e¯‘i Dci wµqv K‡i 1ms-2 Z¡iY
m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i Zv‡K 1 wbDUb e‡j| G‡K N Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq|
cÖkœ : 34| 50 N ej ej‡Z wK eyS?
DËi : 50 N ej :
50 N ej ej‡Z eySvq †mB ej hv 1 kg f‡ii e¯‘i Dci wµqv K‡i 50 ms−2 Z¡iY m„wó
Ki‡Z cv‡i| A_ev 50 kg f‡ii e¯‘i Dci wµqv K‡i 1ms−2 Z¡iY m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i|
cÖkœ : 35| wbDU‡bi MwZi wØZxq m ﾁ Î †_‡K MwZi †Kvb m ﾁ ÎwU
cÖwZcv`b Kiv hvq? [wm.†ev. 2004]
DËi : wbDU‡bi MwZi wØZxq m ﾁ Î †_‡K MwZi cÖ_g m ﾁ ÎwU cÖwZcv`b
Kiv hvq|
cÖkœ : 36| fi‡e‡Mi msi¶Y m ﾁ ÎwU wee„Z Ki| (Kz. †ev. Õ99 ; h. †ev.
cwigvc 46
2000; Kz.†ev. 2003; P.†ev. 2005; wm.†ev. 2005)

DËi : fi‡e‡Mi msi¶Y m ﾁ Î :
GKvwaK e¯‘‡Z wµqv I cÖwZwµqv wfbœ Ab¨ †Kvb ej bv _vK‡j, †h †Kvb
w`‡K G‡ì †gvU fi‡e‡Mi †Kvb cwieZ©b N‡U bv| G‡K fi‡e‡Mi msi¶Y m ﾁ Î
ejv nq|
e¨vL¨v : g‡b Kwi, m1 Ges m2 f‡ii `ywU e¯‘ h_vµ‡g u1 Ges u2 †e‡M GKB
mij‡iLvq GKB w`‡K Pj‡Q| GLv‡b u1> u2 |
u1 u2 F F v1 v2
m1 m2 m1 m2 m1 m2
av°vi c ﾁ ‡e© av°vi mgq av°vi c‡i
†Kvb GK mg‡q cÖ_g e¯‘wU wcQb w`K n‡Z wØZxq e¯‘wU‡K av°v w`‡e|
awi av°vi c‡i e¯‘wU h_vµ‡g v1 Ges v2 †e‡M GKB mij‡iLvq GKB w`‡K Pj‡Z
jvMj|
g‡b Kwi,
av°vRwbZ wµqv I cÖwZwµqvi Kvh©Kvj = t
myZivs e¯‘ `ywUi Avw` fi‡e‡Mi mgwó = m1u1
+ m2u2
e¯‘ `ywUi †kl fi‡e‡Mi mgwó = m1v1 + m2v2
fi‡e‡Mi msi¶Y m ﾁ Îvbymv‡i,
m1u1 + m2u2 = m1v1 + m2v2
cÖkœ : 37| †bŠKv †_‡K jvd w`‡j †bŠKv †cQ‡bi w`‡K Qy‡U hvq
†Kb?
DËi : †bŠKv †_‡K jvd †Ìqv :
†bŠKv †_‡K jvd w`‡j †bŠKv †cQ‡bi w`‡K Qy‡U hvq KviY †bŠKv I Av‡ivnxi
fi‡e‡Mi cwieZ©b ci¯•‡ii mgvb I wecixZgyLx|
cÖ_œ : 38| e›`yK n‡Z ¸wj †Qvov n‡j e›`yK †cQ‡bi w`‡K av°v †`q|
KviY e¨vL¨v Ki|
DËi : KviY :
¸wj Qyoevi c ﾁ‡e© e›`yK I ¸wj Df‡qB w¯’i _v‡K; A_©vr e›`y‡Ki fi‡eM Ges
¸wji fi‡eM Df‡qB k ﾁ b¨| myZivs e›`yK I ¸wji Avw` fi‡eM k ﾁ b¨|
¸wj †Qvovi ci evi“‡ì we‡ùvi‡Yi d‡j ¸wj GKwU †e‡M m¤§y‡Li w`‡K AMÖmi
nq| Kv‡RB ¸wj mvg‡bi w`‡K GKwU fi‡eM cÖvß nq| fi‡e‡Mi msi¶Y
m ﾁ Îvbymv‡i ¸wj †Qvovi c‡iI G‡ì †gvU fi‡eM k ﾁ b¨ _vKvi K_v| Zvn‡j
e›`y‡KI ¸wji mgvb Ges wecixZgyLx GKwU fi‡eM m„wó Ki‡Z n‡e| d‡j
e›`yK‡K av°v w`‡q wcQ‡bi w`‡K m‡i Avm‡Z †`Lv hvq|
cÖkœ : 39| i‡KU wKfv‡e P‡j e¨vL¨v Ki|
DËi : i‡KU Pvjv‡bv :
i‡KU Pvjv‡bv nq wbDU‡bi Z…Zxq m ﾁ ‡ Îi ZË¡ Z_v fi‡e‡Mi msi¶Y m ﾁ Î
eënvi K‡i| i‡K‡U R¡vjvwb cywo‡q cÖPzi M¨vm Drcbœ Kiv nq| †mB
M¨vm cÖPÊ †e‡M i‡K‡Ui †cQb w`‡q wbM©Z nq| R¡vjvwb wbM©Z nIqvi c
ﾁ ‡ e© R¡vjvwb I i‡KU Df‡qi †eM k ﾁ b¨ _v‡K, Kv‡RB ZLb Zv‡ì fi‡e‡Mi

mgwó k ﾁ b¨| R¡vjvwb wbM©Z nIqvKv‡j wbM©g‡bi w`‡K R¡vjvwbi wKQy
fi‡eM Drcbœ nq| fi‡e‡Mi msi¶Y m ﾁ Îvbyhvqx R¡vjvwb wbM©Z nIqvi
Av‡Mi Zv‡ì fi‡e‡Mi mgwó R¡vjvwb wbM©Z nIqvKvjxb Zv‡ì fi‡e‡Mi
mgwói mgvb n‡Z n‡e| myZivs R¡vjvwb wbM©Z nIqvKvjxb Df‡qi fi‡e‡Mi
mgwó mgvb n‡Z n‡j A_©vr k ﾁ b¨ n‡Z n‡j i‡K‡UiI R¡vjvwbi mgvb I
wecixZgyLx GKwU fi‡e‡Mi m„wó n‡Z n‡e| d‡j i‡KUwU R¡vjvwbi wecixZ
w`‡K GwM‡q P‡j|
cÖkœ : 40| Zvr¶wYK `ª“wZ Kv‡K e‡j?
DËi : MwZkxj e¯‘i †h †Kvb gyn‡Z©i cªK…Z `ª“wZ‡K Zvr¶wbK `ª“wZ
e‡j|
e¨vL¨v : g‡b Kwi, GKwU KYvi
MwZc_ AD| B we›`y‡Z Gi Zvr¶wYK
`ª“wZ wbY©q Ki‡Z n‡e|
g‡b Kwi,
t mg‡q KYvwUi Ae¯’vb B;
t + ∆t mg‡q KYvwUi Ae¯’vb C; wPÎ :
BC = ∆S;
A_©vr ∆t mg‡q ∆s c_ AwZµg K‡i|
∴ KYvwUi Mo `ª“wZ =
GLb, ∆t ¶z`ªZi n‡j ∆sI ¶z`ªZi n‡e Ges C, B Gi we›`y wbKUeZ©x n‡e| ∆t
hw` k‡bï KvQvKvwQ nq Z‡e C, B Gi AwZ wbKUeZ©x n‡e| †m †¶‡Î
KYvwUi B we›`y‡Z Zvr¶wYK `ª“wZ wb‡`©k Ki‡e|
B we›`y‡Z ev t mg‡q Zvr¶wYK `ª“wZ u n‡j
u= =
cÖkœ : 41| e›`y‡Ki cðvr †eM wbY©‡qi mgxKiYwU cÖwZcv`b Ki|
DËi : g‡b Kwi, M f‡ii GKwU e›`yK †_‡K ¸wj †Quvovi ci m f‡ii GKwU ¸wj v
†e‡M †ewi‡q †Mj| Gi d‡j e›`yKwU v †eM cÖvß nq|
e›`yK n‡Z ¸wj †Quvovi c‡e© e›`yK I ¸wji fi †e‡Mi mgwó kb¨|
wKš‘ ¸wj †Quvovi ci e›`yK I ¸wji †gvU fi‡eM n‡e MV + mu|
fi‡e‡Mi wbZ¨Zvi mÎvbymv‡i,
MV + mν = 0
ev, MV = −mν
∴ V = .......................... (1)
(1) bs mgxKiYwU e›`y‡Ki †eM wbY©‡qi mgxKiY| GB mgxKi‡Y (−) Ve wPý
cðvr †eM‡K wb‡`©k K‡i|
Abykxjbxi
iPbvg ﾁ jK
cÖ‡kœvËi
cwigvc 48
cÖkœ : 1| D`vni‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ †¯‹jvi ivwk I †f±i ivwk e¨vL¨v Ki| †f±i
ivwk cÖKv‡ki wbqg e¨vL¨v Ki|
DËi : †¯‹jvi ivwk :
†h me †fŠZ ivwk‡K ïaygvÎ gvb Øviv m¤• ﾁ Y©iƒ‡c cÖKvk Kiv hvq, w`K
wb‡`©‡ki cÖ‡qvRb nq bv| Zv‡ì‡K †¯‹jvi ivwk e‡j|
†f±i ivwk :
†h me †fŠZ ivwk‡K m¤• ﾁ Y©iƒ‡c cÖKvk Kivi Rb¨ gvb I w`K Df‡qiB
cÖ‡qvRb nq, Zv‡ì‡K †f±i ivwk e‡j|
†¯‹jvi I †f±i ivwki D`vniY :
†¯‹jvi ivwk †f±i ivwk
bvg D`vniY bvg D`vniY
`ﾁ iZ¡ 40 m miY 40 m
`ª“wZ 30 ms − 1 †eM
mgq 15 s
ej c ﾁ e©w`‡K
2000 J 30 ms −1 DËiw`‡K
kw³ Z¡iY
100 N Dc‡ii
w`‡K
9.8 ms −2 wb‡Pi
w`‡K
†f±i ivwk cÖKv‡ki wbqg : `yBwU c×wZ‡Z †f±i ivwk‡K cÖKvk Kiv nq|
1. R¨vwgwZK c×wZ
2. MvwYwZK c×wZ|
1. R¨vwgwZK c×wZ :
†Kvb Z‡ji Dci `yBwU we›`yi ms‡hvM mij‡iLv Øviv GKwU †f±i wb‡`©k
Kiv nq| wP‡Î mij‡iLv Øviv GKwU †f±i wb‡`©k Kiv n‡q‡Q| †iLvi A
we›`ywU‡K m ﾁ Pbv we›`y ev g ﾁ j we›`y Ges B we›`y‡K †kl we›`y ev
cÖvwš ﾏ K we›`y e‡j|
A B
†iLvwUi ˆ`N©¨ †f±‡ii gvb Ges Dc‡i ¯’vwcZ Zxi wPýwU †f±‡ii w`K
wb‡`©k Ki‡Q| GwUB †f±i ivwk cÖKv‡ki R¨vwgwZK c×wZ|
2. MvwYwZK c×wZ :
†Kvb †f±i ivwk‡K MvwYwZKfv‡e cÖKvk Kivi A_© nj †f±iwU‡K †Kvb A¶i
Øviv cÖKvk Kiv| †Kvb A¶‡ii Dci Zxi wPý emv‡j GB Zxi wPý wewkó
A¶iwUB n‡e †Kvb †f±‡ii wb‡`©kK| Zxi wPýwenxb D³ A¶iwU ev `yBwU
Awfj¤^ †iLvi gaëZx© D³ Zxi wewkó wPý A¶iwU D³ †f±i Gi gvb
wb‡`©k K‡i|
D`vniY : GKwU †f±i ivwki wb‡`©kK hvi gvb A ev || Qvcvi †¶‡Î †gvUv
A¶i A Øviv †f±i Ges
mi“ A¶i A ev | A | Øviv †f±i ivwkwUi gvb wb‡`©k Kiv nq| GB | A | Øviv
†fKU‡ii cig gvb ev gwWDjI eySvq|
cÖkœ : 2| D`vni‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ †`LvI †h †f±i ivwki †hvM mvaviY exR

MvwYwZK wbq‡g Kiv hvq bv|
DËi : †f±i ivwk cÖKvk Ki‡Z Zv‡ì w`K wb‡`©‡ki cÖ‡qvRb nq| ZvB †f±i
ivwki †hvM A_ev we‡qvM BZ¨vwì †¶‡Î mvaviY exRMvwYwZK wbqg
cÖ‡hvR¨ bq|
`yB ev Z‡ZvwaK †f±i ivwk‡K C
mvgvš ﾏ wiK Ges wÎfzR m ﾁ ‡ Îi mvnv‡h¨

†hvM Kiv nq|
>
R > Q
g‡b Kwi, I `ywU †f±i ivwk‡K ∆ABC Gi
mwbœwnZ evû AB I BC Øviv GKB µ‡g m ﾁ A B
P
wPZ Kiv nj| wÎfz‡Ri m ﾁ Îvbymv‡i Z…Zxq
evû AC Øviv wecixZµ‡g m ﾁ wPZ †f±i
ivwk Øviv I †f±i ivwkØ‡qi jwä ev
†hvMdj cvIqv hv‡e|
A_©vr, = +
wKš‘ †f±i ivwki gvb Gi gvb Ges Gi gv‡bi †hvMd‡ji mgvb bq| KviY
wÎfz‡Ri †h †Kvb `ywU evûi †hvMdj Z…Zxq evû A‡c¶v e„nËi|
myZivs ejv hvq, †f±i ivwki †hvMdj mvaviY exR MvwYwZK wbq‡g Kiv
hvq bv|
cÖkœ : 3| Ògnvwe‡k¦i mKj w¯’wZB Av‡cw¶K, mKj MwZB
Av‡cw¶K| †Kvb w¯’wZ ev MwZ cig bq|Ó D`vni‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ GB
wee„wZ e¨vL¨v Ki| (h.†ev. 2006; Xv.†ev. 2002)
DËi : gnvwe‡k¦i mKj w¯’wZB Av‡cw¶K, mKj MwZB Av‡cw¶K|
†Kvb w¯’wZ ev MwZ cig bq|
†Kvb e¯‘ w¯’wZkxj bv MwZkxj Zv eySvi Rb¨ e¯‘i Avkcvk †_‡K Avi GKUv
e¯‘‡K wb‡Z n‡e hv‡K Avgiv cÖm½ e¯‘ ej‡Z cvwi| G cÖm½ e¯‘ I Avgv‡ì
Av‡jvP¨ e¯‘i Ae¯’vb hw` mg‡qi mv‡_ AcwiewZ©Z _v‡K Zvn‡j Av‡jvP¨
e¯‘wU cÖm½ e¯‘wUi mv‡c‡¶ w¯’i e‡j aiv nq| Av‡jvP¨ e¯‘ I cÖm½ e¯‘ hw`
GKB w`‡K GKB †e‡M Pj‡Z _v‡K Zvn‡jI wKš‘ mg‡qi mv‡_ e¯‘Ø‡qi
gaëZx© ` ﾁ i‡Z¡i †Kvb cwieZ©b NU‡e bv| hwÌ cÖK…Zc‡¶ e¯‘wU
MwZkxj|
Pjš ﾏ † Uª‡bi Kvgivi `yB eÜz hw` gy‡LvgywL e‡m _v‡K, Z‡e GKR‡bi
mv‡c‡¶ A‡bï Ae¯’v‡bi †Kvb cwieZ©b nq bv| myZivs ejv †h‡Z cv‡i
GKR‡bi mv‡c‡¶ Ab¨Rb w¯’i| wKš‘ hw` †Uªb jvB‡bi cv‡k ùvov‡bv †Kvb
e¨w³ Zv‡ì‡K †`‡Lb Z‡e H e¨w³i mv‡c‡¶ Zv‡ì Ae¯’v‡bi cwieZ©b n‡”Q|
A_©vr jvB‡bi cv‡k ùvov‡bv e¨w³i mv‡c‡¶ Zviv DfqB MwZkxj|
Zvn‡j Avgiv †`L‡Z cvw”Q †h, †Kvb e¯‘ cÖK…Zc‡¶ w¯’i wK bv Zv wbf©i Ki‡Q
cwigvc 50
cÖm½ e¯‘i Dci| cÖm½ e¯‘ hw` cÖK…Zc‡¶ w¯’i nq, Zvi mv‡c‡¶ †h e¯‘
w¯’wZkxj i‡q‡Q †mI cÖK…Zc‡¶ w¯’i| G ai‡bi w¯’wZ‡K Avgiv cig w¯’wZ ej‡Z
cvwi| A_©vr cÖm½ e¯‘wU hw` cig w¯’wZ‡Z _v‡K Zvn‡jB ïay †Kvb e¯‘ Zvi
mv‡c‡¶ w¯’i _vK‡j †m e¯‘‡K cig w¯’wZkxj ejv †h‡Z cv‡i| †miƒc cig w¯’wZkxj
cÖm½ e¯‘i mv‡c‡¶ †Kvb e¯‘i MwZ‡K Avgiv cig MwZ ewj|
wKš‘ G gnvwe‡k¦ Ggb †Kvb cÖm½ e¯‘ cvIqv m¤¢e bq hv cÖK…Zc‡¶
w¯’i i‡q‡Q KviY c„w_ex cÖwZwbqZ m ﾁ ‡ h©i Pviw`‡K Nyi‡Q, m ﾁ h©I Zvi
MÖn, DcMÖn wb‡q b‡fvgÊ‡ji Pviw`‡K Nyi‡Q| Kv‡RB Avgiv hLb †Kvb
e¯‘‡K w¯’wZkxj ev MwZkxj ewj, Zv Avgiv †Kvb AvcvZ w¯’wZkxj e¯‘i
mv‡c‡¶ e‡j _vwK|
Kv‡RB Avgiv ej‡Z cvwi− G gnvwe‡k¦i mKj w¯’wZB Av‡cw¶K− mKj MwZB
Av‡cw¶K| †Kvb MwZB cig bq, cig bq †Kvb w¯’wZB|
cÖkœ 4| D`vni‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ `ﾁ iZ¡ I mi‡Yi cv_©K¨ eY©bv Ki|
DËi : `ﾁ iZ¡ :
†Kvb e¯‘ hw` Ae¯’v‡bi cwieZ©b K‡i, Z‡e cÖ_g Ae¯’vb I cwiewZ©Z
Ae¯’v‡bi gaëZx© Ask‡K `ﾁ iZ¡ e‡j|
miY : wbw`©ó w`‡K e¯‘i cvwicvwk¦©‡Ki mv‡c‡¶ Ae¯’v‡bi cwieZ©b‡K
miY e‡j| †Kvb e¯‘i Avw` Ae¯’vb I †kl Ae¯’v‡bi gaëZx© b ﾁ ¨bZg ` ﾁ iZ¡
A_©vr mij îwLK `ﾁ iZ¡B n‡”Q mi‡Yi gvb Ges mi‡Yi w`K n‡”Q e¯‘i Avw`
Ae¯’vb †_‡K †kl Ae¯’v‡bi w`‡K| miY e¯‘i MwZc‡_i Dci wbf©i K‡i bv|
aiv hvK, Awf Zvi ¯‹z‡ji †MU †_‡K 100 wgUvi †`Š‡o †Mj| myZivs Awf Zvi
Ae¯’vb cwieZ©b Kij| wKš‘ GB Z_¨ †_‡K ejv hv‡e Awf †MU †_‡K 100 wgUvi
` ﾁ ‡ i Av‡Q| wKš‘ wVK †Kv_vq Av‡Q (†MU †_‡K DËi, `w¶Y, c ﾁ e© bv
cwð‡g) Zv ejv hvq bv|
`ﾁ iZ¡ miY
Awfi Ae¯’v‡bi cwieZ©b mwVKfv‡e Rvb‡Z n‡j Awf †Kvbw`‡K 100 wgUvi
†M‡Q Zv Rvb‡Z n‡e| hw` ejv nq, Awf †MU †_‡K †mvRv c ﾁ e©w`‡K 100
wgUvi †`Š‡o †M‡Q, Zvn‡j wbwðZfv‡eB Awfi Ae¯’vb Rvbv hv‡e|
myZivs cÖ_g‡¶‡Î, Awfi Ae¯’v‡bi cwieZ©b eySvevi Rb¨ †h ivwkwU eënvi
Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv `ﾁ iZ¡| GwU GKwU †¯‹jvi ivwk| Avi wØZxq‡¶‡Î `ﾁ i‡Z¡i mv‡_
w`KI D‡jL Kiv n‡q‡Q− GwU miY|
cÖkœ : 5| mylg †eM ej‡Z wK eyS? mylg †e‡Mi GKwU D`vniY `vI|
(Kz †ev. 2001 ; wm. †ev. 2001; Xv. †ev. 2004; iv.†ev. 2005; h.†ev. 2005)
DËi : mylg †eM : wbw`©ó w`‡K †Kvb e¯‘ me©`v mgvb mg‡q mgvb
`ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg Ki‡j Zvi †eM‡K mylg †eM e‡j|
e¨vL¨v : g‡b Kwi, GKwU MwZkxj e¯‘ 1g †m‡K‡Û 25cm, wØZxq †m‡K‡Û
25cm, Z…Zxq †m‡K‡Û 25cm, A_©vr cÖwZ †m‡K‡Û 25cm `ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i|
25 cm 25 cm 25 cm 25 cm
>
1 sec
>
1 sec
>
1 sec
>
1 sec
G‡¶‡Î e¯‘wU mgvb mg‡q mgvb ` ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg Ki‡Q| myZivs e¯‘wU
mylg‡e‡M Pj‡Q Ges Gi gvb 25cm/sec wbw`©ó w`‡K|
D`vniY : k‡ãi †eM mylg †e‡Mi GKwU cÖK…ó cÖvK…wZK D`vniY| kã
wbw`©ó w`‡K me mgq mgvb mg‡q mgvb c_ AwZµg K‡i| Avi Zv n‡”Q 0 0
†mjwmqvm ZvcgvÎvq evqy‡Z cÖwZ †m‡K‡Û 332m| kã †Kvb wbw`©ó
w`‡K cÖ_g †m‡K‡Û 332 m, wØZxq †m‡K‡Û 332 m Ges GBiƒc cÖwZ †m‡K‡Û
332 m K‡i Pj‡Z _v‡K| GLv‡b, k‡ãi †e‡Mi gvb I w`K GKB _vKvq k‡ãi †eM
332ms−1 nj mylg †eM|
cÖkœ : 6| `ﾁ iZ¡-mgq †jL †_‡K †eM wbY©‡qi c×wZ eY©bv Ki|

DËi : `ﾁ iZ¡-mgq †jL :
mgq AwZevwnZ nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ GKwU MwZkxj e¯‘i Ae¯’v‡bi cwieZ©b
N‡U| e¯‘i AwZµvš ﾏ ` ﾁ iZ¡ mg‡qi Dci wbf©i K‡i| GB m¤•K© GKwU †j‡Li
gva¨‡g cÖKvk Kiv hvq| G‡¶‡Î QK KvM‡Ri x A¶ eivei mgq (t) Ges y A¶ eivei
AwZµvš ﾏ `ﾁ iZ¡ (s) ¯’vcb Kiv nq| GB †jL‡K `ﾁ iZ¡-†jL ejv nq|
GB †jL †_‡K mn‡R e¯‘i †eM wbY©q Kiv hvq| wb‡æ mylg‡eM I Amg‡e‡Mi
†¶‡Î `ﾁ iZ¡-mgq †jL †_‡K †eM wbY©‡qi c×wZ Av‡jvPbv Kiv nj :
mylg‡eM :
hLb GKwU e¯‘ mylg‡e‡M P‡j ZLb †mwU mgvb mg‡q mgvb `ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg
K‡i| myZivs x A‡¶i w`‡K mgq Ges y A‡¶i w`‡K `ﾁ iZ¡ (s) w`‡q `ﾁ iZ¡-mgq
†jL AuvK‡j †mwU GKwU mij‡iLv n‡e|
GLb, GB †j‡Li Dci †h †Kvb GKwU we›`y p Y
†bB| p †_‡K x A‡¶i Dci PM j¤^ Uvwb| P
Zvn‡j, †h †Kvb mgq t = OM Gi Rb¨
ìZ¡(s)
AwZµvš ﾏ `ﾁ iZ¡ S = PM cvIqv hvq|

myZivs †eM =
=
†K OP †iLvi bwZ ev Xvj e‡j| O mgq (t) M X
wPÎ : `ﾁ iZ¡-mgq †jL

Amg †eM :
hLb GKwU e¯‘ Amg‡e‡M P‡j ZLb †mwU mgvb mg‡q mgvb `ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg
K‡i bv| myZivs x A‡¶i w`‡K mgq (t) Ges y A‡¶i w`‡K `ﾁ iZ¡ (s) w`‡q `ﾁ iZ¡-
cwigvc 52
mgq †jL AuvK‡j †mwU eµ †iLv n‡e|

aiv hvK, †Kvb GKwU we‡kl g ﾁ û‡Z©
e¯‘wUi †eM †ei Ki‡Z n‡e, hv‡K
eµ‡iLvwU‡Z P we›`y w`‡q wb‡`©k Kiv
n‡q‡Q| P we›`y‡Z †eM wbY©q Ki‡Z n‡j
Avgv‡ì‡K GKwU AwZ¶z`ª mg‡KvYx
wÎfzR ABC we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e hvi
AwZfzR AB GZ ¶z`ª †h, GwU P we›`yi
AwZ mwbœK‡U eµ‡iLvi mv‡_ Kvh©Zt
wg‡j hvq|
Zvn‡j, P we›`y‡Z †eM = wPÎ : `ﾁ iZ¡-mgq †jL
ev, V = ..... ..... ..... ..... (1)
wKš‘ GZ †QvU wÎfzR we‡ePbv K‡i Zvi †_‡K cwigvc K‡i mwVK dj cvIqv
gykwKj| ZvB Avgiv P we›`y‡Z ED ¯•k©K AuvwK Ges ABC wÎfzR Gi m`„k
wKš‘ A‡c¶vK…Z eo wÎfzR DEF AsKb Kwi|
GLb wÎfzR ABC Ges wÎfzR DEF †_‡K cvB−
=
myZivs (1) bs mgxKiY ùvovq
V =
wKš‘ nj ED Gi Xvj| myZivs P we›`y‡Z †eM nj H we›`y‡Z AswKZ ¯•k©‡Ki
Xvj| ZvB ejv hvq `ﾁ iZ¡-mgq †jL-Gi †h †Kvb we›`y‡Z AswKZ ¯•k©‡Ki Xvj
H we›`y‡Z †eM wb‡`©k K‡i|
cÖkœ : 7| mylg Z¡iY Kv‡K e‡j? mylg Z¡i‡Yi GKwU cÖvK…wZK
D`vniY `vI|
(ewi.†ev. 2003; Xv.†ev. 2005; 2002; 2000; Kz.†ev. 2002; h.†ev. 2006; 2000;
Xv.†ev. 200; iv.†ev. wm.†ev. 2004)
DËi : mylg Z¡iY :
†Kvb e¯‘i †eM hw` wbw`©ó w`‡K memgq GKB nv‡i evo‡Z _v‡K Zvn‡j
†mB Z¡iY‡K mylg Z¡iY e‡j|
mylg Z¡iY, a = GLv‡b,
v − u = †e‡Mi cwieZ©b = †kl‡eM − Avw`‡eM
1s
t = mgq 9.8 ms-1
D`vniY : AwfK‡l©i d‡j gy³fv‡e coš ﾏ e¯‘i MwZ 1s
GKwU mylg Z¡iY MwZ| hLb GKwU e¯‘ f‚-c„‡ô (9.8 + 9.8) ms-1
gy³fv‡e co‡Z _v‡K, ZLb Zvi Z¡iY nq 9.8 m/s2 A_©vr
1s
e¯‘wU hLb f‚-c„‡ôi w`‡K Avm‡Z _v‡K ZLb Gi †eM
(9.8 + 9.8 + 9.8) ms-1
cÖwZ †m‡K‡Û 9.8m/sec K‡i evo‡Z _v‡K| DuPz †_‡K

GKwU e¯‘ †Q‡o w`‡j cÖ_g †m‡K‡Û Gi †eM ev‡o
9.8 m/sec, wØZxq †m‡K‡Û Gi †eM ev‡o 9.8 m/sec,
Gfv‡e cÖwZ †m‡KÛ 9.8 m/sec K‡i †eM evo‡Z _v‡K|
GLv‡b f‚-†K‡›`ªi w`‡K GKB nv‡i †eM evo‡Z _vKvi ì“b me mgqB e¯‘i GKB
Z¡iY n‡”Q| ZvB e¯‘wUi Z¡iY mylg Z¡iY|
cÖkœ : 8| †eM-mgq †jL †_‡K Z¡iY wbY©‡qi c×wZ eY©bv Ki|
DËi : †eM-mgq †jL : Y
P
Amg †e‡M Pjgvb e¯‘i †eM mg‡qi
†eM(v)
Dci wbf©i K‡i| GB m¤•K© GKwU
†j‡Li gva¨‡g cÖKvk Kiv hvq| GB
†¶‡Î QK KvM‡Ri x A¶ eivei mgq (t) O mgq (t) M X
Ges y A¶ eivei †eM (V) ¯’vcb Kiv nq| wPÎ : †eM-mgq

GB †jL‡K †eM-mgq †jL ejv nq| †jL
†eM-mgq †jL †_‡K Z¡iY wbY©q :
GB †jL †_‡K mn‡R Z¡iY A_©vr mg‡qi mv‡_ †e‡Mi cwieZ©‡bi nvi wbY©q
Kiv hvq| wb‡æ mylg Z¡iY I Amg Z¡i‡Yi †¶‡Î †eM-mgq †jL †_‡K Z¡iY wbY©‡qi
c×wZ Av‡jvPbv Kiv nj−
mylg Z¡i‡Yi †¶‡Î :
GKwU e¯‘ hLb mylg Z¡i‡Y P‡j ZLb Zvi mgvb mg‡q †e‡Mi e„w× mgvb nq|
myZivs x A‡¶i w`‡K mgq (t) Ges (y) A‡¶i w`‡K †eM (v) w`‡q †eM-mgq †jL
AuvK‡j †mwU GKwU mij‡iLv n‡e|
GLb Avgiv GB †j‡Li Dci †h †Kvb GKwU we›`y P †bB| P †_‡K x A‡¶i Dci PM
j¤^ AuvwK| Zvn‡j †h †Kvb mgq OM Gi Rb¨ †e‡Mi cwieZ©b PM cvIqv
hvq|
myZivs Z¡iY, a = =
wKš‘ n‡”Q OP Gi Xvj ev bwZ|
Amg Z¡i‡Yi †¶‡Î :
GKwU e¯‘ hLb Amg Z¡i‡Y P‡j ZLb Zvi
mgvb mg‡q †e‡Mi e„w× mgvb nq bv|
myZivs x A‡¶i w`‡K mgq (t) Ges y A‡¶i
w`‡K †eM (v) w`‡q †eM-mgq †jL AuvK‡j
†mwU GKwU eµ‡iLv n‡e|
G‡¶‡Î †h‡nZz e¯‘wU mylg Z¡i‡Y Pj‡Q
bv, Kv‡RB MwZKv‡ji mKj g ﾁ û‡Z© Gi
Z¡iYI mgvb n‡e bv| aiv hvK, †Kvb
GKwU we‡kl g ﾁ û‡Z© e¯‘wUi Z¡iY †ei
Ki‡Z n‡e, hv‡K eµ‡iLvwU‡Z P we›`y
w`‡q wb‡`©k Kiv n‡q‡Q|
cwigvc 54
wPÎ : †eM-mgq †jL

P we›`y‡Z Z¡iY wbY©q Ki‡Z n‡j Avgv‡ì‡K GKwU AwZ¶z`ª mg‡KvYx
wÎfzR ABC we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e hvi AwZfzR AB GZ ¶z`ª †h GwU P we›`yi
AwZ mwbœK‡U eµ‡iLvi mv‡_ Kvh©Z wg‡j hvq|
Zvn‡j P we›`y‡Z Z¡iY, a = ..... ..... ..... (1)
wKš‘ GZ †QvU wÎfzR †_‡K cwigvc K‡i mwVK dj †ei Kiv gykwKj| ZvB Avgiv P
we›`y‡Z ED ¯•k©K AuvwK Ges ABC wÎfz‡Ri m`„k wKš‘ A‡c¶vK…Z eo wÎfzR
DEF AsKb Kwi| GLb wÎfzR ABC I wÎfzR DEF †_‡K cvB−
=
myZivs (1) bs mgxKiY ùvovq−
a =
wKš‘ nj ED Gi Xvj ev bwZ|
myZivs P we›`y‡Z Z¡iY nj H we›`y‡Z AswKZ ¯•k©‡Ki Xvj| ZvB ejv hvq,
†eM-mgq †jLwP‡Îi †h †Kvb we›`y‡Z AswKZ ¯•k©‡Ki Xvj H we›`y‡Z Z¡iY
wb‡`©k K‡i|
cÖkœ : 9| MwZi wb‡æv³ mgxKiY¸‡jv cÖwZcv`b Ki|
K. v = u + at (Xv.†ev. 2000; iv.†ev. 2003)
L. s = t
M. s = ut + at2 (wm.†ev. 2004; Xv.†ev.P.†ev.2000 ; P.†ev. 2001;
iv.†ev. 2002; Kz.†ev. 2003; h.†ev. 2003;2005; ewi.†ev. 2003)
N. v2 = u2 + 2as (Kz. †ev. Õ99; 2001 h. †ev. 2000 ; P. †ev. 2005; 2001; Xv.†ev.
2002; wm.†ev. 2004; 2001; P.†ev. 2005)
DËi : K. mgxKiY cÖwZcv`b :
g‡b Kwi, †Kvb e¯‘ u Avw`‡eM wb‡q a mylg Z¡i‡Y t mgq P‡j v †kl †eM
cÖvß nq| myZivs t mg‡q †e‡Mi cwieZ©b nq v − u
Avgiv Rvwb, †e‡Mi cwieZ©‡bi nviB Z¡iY|
∴a =
ev, v − u = at
ev, v = u + at
A_©vr, †kl †eM = Avw`‡eM + Z¡iY × MwZKvj|
L. mgxKiY cÖwZcv`b :
g‡b Kwi, †Kvb e¯‘ u Avw` †eM wb‡q mylg Z¡i‡Y P‡j s ` ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i
A_©vr e¯‘wUi miY nq s| †h‡nZz e¯‘wU mylg Z¡i‡Y P‡j, ZvB Gi Mo †eM
n‡e Gi Avw` †eM I †kl †e‡Mi MvwYwZK M‡oi mgvb|
A_©vr, Mo †eM =
Avevi, Avgiv Rvwb ,
Mo †eM = =
myZivs DcwiD³ mgxKiY `ywU †_‡K Avgiv cvB
=
∴ s = t
M. mgxKiY cÖwZcv`b :
g‡b Kwi, †Kvb e¯‘ u Avw`‡e‡M a mylg Z¡i‡Y P‡j t mg‡q v †kl‡eM cÖvß nq|
awi G mg‡q e¯‘wU s `ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i A_©vr e¯‘wUi miY nq s|
a
u t v
S
Zvn‡j e¯‘i Mo‡eM n‡e
=
ev, s = t .... .... .... .... (1)
Avevi, e¯‘wU mylg Z¡i‡Y P‡j e‡j Mo‡eM n‡e Gi Avw`‡eM I †kl‡e‡Mi
MvwYwZK M‡oi mgvb|
A_©vr, = ..... ..... (2)
(1) bs mgxKi‡Y GB gvb ewm‡q Avgiv cvB,
S = t ..... ..... (3)
Avevi, Avgiv Rvwb, mg‡qi mv‡_ Amg †e‡Mi cwieZ©‡bi nvi‡K Z¡iY e‡j|
A_©vr a =
ev, v − u = at
ev, v = u + at
v Gi GB gvb (3) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB,
S = t ∴ S = ut + at2
N. mgxKiY cÖwZcv`b :
a
u t v
g‡b Kwi, †Kvb e¯‘ u Avw`‡eM wb‡q a mylg Z¡i‡Y t mgq P‡j v †kl †eM cÖvß
nq| GB mg‡q e¯‘wU S `ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i, A_©vr e¯‘wUi miY S| Zvn‡j e¯‘i
Mo‡eM n‡e |
=
ev, s = t ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... .... (1)
Avevi, e¯‘wU mylg Z¡i‡Y P‡j e‡j Gi Mo‡eM n‡e Gi Avw`‡eM I †kl‡e‡Mi
A_©vr, = .... ..... ..... ..... .... (2)
(1) bs mgxKi‡Y GB gvb ewm‡q cvB,
s = t ..... ..... ..... .... (3)
Avevi, Avgiv Rvwb, mg‡qi mv‡_ Amg †e‡Mi cwieZ©‡bi nvi‡K Z¡iY e‡j|
A_©vr, a = ev, t =
t Gi GB gvb (3) bs mgxKi‡Y evwm‡q cvB,
cwigvc 56
s=
ev, s =
ev, v2 − u2 = 2as
∴ v2 = u2 + 2as.
cÖkœ : 10| cÖgvY Ki †h, w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K mylg Z¡i‡Y Pjgvb e¯‘i †h
†Kvb mg‡q †eM mg‡qi mgvbycvwZK|
DËi : cÖgvY : g‡b Kwi, †Kvb e¯‘ u Avw`‡eM wb‡q a mylg Z¡i‡Y t mgq
P‡j v †kl‡eM cÖvß bq| myZivs t mg‡q †e‡Mi cwieZ©b v − u|
Avgiv Rvwb, †e‡Mi cwieZ©‡bi nvi‡KB Z¡iY e‡j|
∴ a =
ev, v − u = at
ev, v = u + at
A_©vr, †kl‡eM = Avw`‡eM + Z¡iY × MwZKvj
hw` †Kvb e¯‘i Avw`Kvj bv _v‡K A_©vr w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K P‡j Zvn‡j−
u = o
∴ v = at .... .... .... .... (1)
†h‡nZz Z¡iY a aª“e ZvB (1) bs mgxKiY†_‡K †`Lv hvq †h, v ∝ t
A_©vr, w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K mylg Z¡i‡Y Pjgvb e¯‘i †h †Kvb mg‡q †eM mg‡qi
mgvbycvwZK| (cÖgvwYZ)
cÖkœ : 11| cÖgvY Ki †h, w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K mylg Z¡i‡Y Pjgvb e¯‘i
AwZµvš ﾏ `ﾁ iZ¡ mg‡qi e‡M©i mgvbycvwZK|
DËi : cÖgvY :
(Kz. †ev. 2000 ; h. †ev. 2001; iv.†ev. 2000; wm.†ev. 2003)
g‡b Kwi, †Kvb e¯‘ u Avw`‡eM wb‡q a mylg Z¡i‡Y P‡j t mg‡q v †kl‡eM cÖvß
nq| awi, e¯‘wU G mg‡q s `ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i A_©vr e¯‘wUi miY s nq| Zvn‡j
e¯‘i Mo‡eM n‡e−
=
ev, s = t .... .... .... ....(1)
Avevi, e¯‘wU mylg Z¡i‡Y P‡j e‡j Mo‡eM n‡e Gi Avw`‡eM I †kl‡e‡Mi
MvwYwZK M‡oi mgvb,
A_©vr, = .... .... .... (2)
s = t .... .... ... .. (3)
Avevi, Avgiv Rvwb mg‡qi mv‡_ Amg †e‡Mi cwieZ©‡bi nvi‡K Z¡iY e‡j|
A_©vr, a =
ev, v − u = at
ev, v = u + at
v Gi GB gvb (3) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB
s = t
ev, s = ut + at2
A_©vr, `ﾁ iZ¡ = Avw`‡eM × MwZKvj + × Z¡iY × (MwZKvj)2
hw` †Kvb e¯‘i Avw`‡eM bv _v‡K A_©vr w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K P‡j Zvn‡j
u = 0
∴ s = at2 ..... ..... .... (4)
†h‡nZz Z¡iY a aª“e ZvB (4) bs mgxKiY †_‡K †`Lv hvq
s ∝ t2
A_©vr, w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K mylg Z¡i‡Y Pjgvb e¯‘i AwZµvš ﾏ `ﾁ iZ¡ mg‡qi
e‡M©i mgvbycvwZK| (cÖgvwYZ)
cÖkœ : 12| cÖgvY Ki †h, w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K mylg Z¡i‡Y Pjgvb e¯‘i †h
†Kvb mg‡qi †eM e¯‘i AwZµvš ﾏ `ﾁ i‡Z¡i eM©g ﾁ ‡ji mgvbycvwZK| (iv.
†ev. 2000, 2005; ewi.†ev. 2006; 2003; Kz.†ev. 2005)
DËi : cÖgvY :
g‡b Kwi, †Kvb e¯‘ u Avw`‡eM wb‡q a mylg Z¡i‡Y t mgq P‡j v †kl‡eM cÖvß
nq| GB mg‡q e¯‘wU s `ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i| A_©vr e¯‘wUi miY nq s| Zvn‡j e¯‘i
Mo‡eM n‡e−
=
ev, s = t .... .... .... .... (1)
Avevi, e¯‘wU mylg Z¡i‡Y P‡j e‡j Gi Mo‡eM n‡e Gi Avw`‡eM I †kl‡eM Gi
A_©vr, = ... .... .... .... (2)
s = t ... .... .... (3)
Avevi, Avgiv Rvwb mg‡qi mv‡_ Amg †e‡Mi cwieZ©‡bi nvi‡K Z¡iY e‡j|
A_©vr, a =
ev, t =
t Gi GB gvb (3) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB,
s = ×
ev, s =
ev, v2 − u2 = 2as
∴ v2 = u2 + 2as
wKš‘ e¯‘ hw` w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K Pj‡Z ïi“ K‡i Z‡e, u = o
∴ v2 = 2as ................. (4)
†h‡nZz Z¡iY a aª“e ZvB (4) bs mgxKiY †_‡K †`Lv hvq
v2 ∝ s
ev, v ∝
A_©vr, w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K mgZ¡i‡Y e¯‘i †h †Kvb mg‡qi †eM e¯‘i AwZµvš ﾏ
`ﾁ i‡Z¡i eM©g ﾁ‡ji mgvbycvwZK| (cÖgvwYZ)
cÖkœ : 13| wbDU‡bi MwZi cÖ_g m ﾁ Î †_‡K wKfv‡e RoZvi aviYv
cvIqv hvq e¨vL¨v Ki|
DËi : wbDU‡bi MwZi cÖ_g m ﾁ Î :
evwni n‡Z †Kvb ej cÖhy³ bv n‡j A_©vr e¯‘i Dci e‡ji jwä k ﾁ b¨ n‡j w¯’i e¯‘
wPiKvj w¯’i _vK‡e Ges MwZkxj e¯‘ wPiKvj mg‡e‡M mij‡iLvq Pj‡Z _vK‡e|
cwigvc 58
RoZvi aviYv :
wbDU‡bi cÖ_g m ﾁ Î †_‡K Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB cÖ‡Z¨K e¯‘B †h Ae¯’vq Av‡Q
†mB Ae¯’vq _vK‡Z Pvq A_©vr e¯‘ w¯’i _vK‡j w¯’i Avi MwZkxj _vK‡j
MwZkxj _vK‡Z Pvq|
wbDU‡bi cÖ_g m ﾁ Î †_‡K †`Lv hv‡”Q e¯‘i GB w¯’wZkxj ev MwZkxj Ae¯’vi
cwieZ©b NUv‡Z n‡j ej cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z nq| c`v‡_©i wbR¯^ Ae¯’v eRvq
ivL‡Z PvIqvi †h ag© ZvB RoZv| RoZv `yB iKg n‡Z cv‡i−
1. w¯’wZ RoZv
2. MwZ RoZv|
RoZvi D`vniY :
Avgv‡ì ˆ`bw›`b Rxe‡b Avgiv Anin RoZvi AwfÁZv jvf Kwi| †_‡g _vKv evm
nVvr Pj‡Z ïi“ Ki‡j evmhvÎx †cQ‡bi w`‡K †n‡j c‡ob RoZvi Kvi‡Y| evm hLb
†_‡g _v‡K ZLb hvÎxi kixiI w¯’i _v‡K| wKš‘ nVvr evm Pj‡Z ïi“ Ki‡j hvÎx‡ì kix‡ii
evm msjMœ Ask MwZkxj nq wKš‘ kix‡ii Dc‡ii Ask RoZvi Rb¨ w¯’i Ae¯’vq
_vK‡Z Pvq| ZvB kix‡ii Dc‡ii Ask wb‡Pi Ask †_‡K wcwQ‡q c‡o| d‡j hvÎx
†cQ‡bi w`‡K †n‡j c‡ob|
cÖkœ : 14| D`vniYmn RoZv e¨vL¨v Ki|
DËi : RoZv :
e¯‘ †h Ae¯’vq we`¨gvb Av‡Q, wPiKvj †mB Ae¯’vq _vK‡Z PvIqvi †h
cÖeYZv ev †mB Ae¯’v eRvq ivL‡Z PvIqvi †h ag© Zv‡K RoZv e‡j|
RoZv `yÕiK‡gi| h_v−
K. MwZ RoZv
L. w¯’wZ RoZv|
MwZ RoZv :
MwZkxj e¯‘i wPiKvj mg‡e‡M MwZkxj _vK‡Z PvIqvi †h cÖeYZv ev GKB
MwZ A¶zYœ ivLvi †h ag© Zv‡K MwZ RoZv e‡j|
D`vniY : Pjš ﾏ evm nVvr †eªK Ki‡j hvÎxiv mvg‡bi w`‡K Suz‡K c‡o| Pjš ﾏ
Ae¯’vq ev‡mi mv‡_ mv‡_ hvÎxivI GKB MwZcÖvß nq| wKš‘ evm nVvr †_‡g
†M‡j ev‡mi mv‡_ mv‡_ hvÎxivI GKB MwZcÖvß nq ev kix‡ii wb‡Pi Ask w¯’i
nq wKš‘ kix‡ii Dc‡ii Ask MwZ RoZvi Rb¨ mvg‡bi w`‡K GwM‡q hvq|
w¯’wZ RoZv :
w¯’wZkxj e¯‘i wPiKvj w¯’i _vK‡Z PvIqvi †h cÖeYZv ev w¯’wZ eRvq ivL‡Z
PvIqvi †h ag© Zv‡K w¯’wZ RoZv e‡j|
D`vniY : †_‡g _vKv evm nVvr K‡i Pj‡Z ïi“ Ki‡j evm msjMœ hvÎxi †`‡ni
Ask ev‡mi mv‡_ mv‡_ MwZkxj nq wKš‘ w¯’wZ RoZvi R‡b¨ kix‡ii Dc‡ii
Ask ZLbI w¯’i _v‡K, d‡j hvÎx †cQ‡bi w`‡K †n‡j c‡ob|
cÖkœ : 15| fi n‡”Q c`v‡_©i RoZvi cwigvc| D`vni‡Yi mvnv‡h¨
e¨vL¨v Ki|
DËi : fi n‡”Q c`v‡_©i RoZvi cwigvc| wb‡æv³ D`vni‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ GUv
mn‡RB e¨vL¨v Kiv hvq|
D`vniY : GKB AvK…wZi `ywU weivU bx‡iU wmwjÊvi we‡ePbv Kiv hvK|
GKwU Kv‡Vi ˆZwi, AciwU B¯•v‡Zi| hw` wmwjÊvi `ywU‡K †Kvb Abyf‚wgK
Agm„Y Z‡j †Vj‡Z †Póv Kiv nq Zvn‡j wbwðZfv‡eB ejv hvq B¯•v‡Zi
wmwjÊviwU‡K MwZkxj Ki‡Z Kv‡Vi wmwjÊvi †_‡K AwZwi³ cÖqv‡mi
cÖ‡qvRb n‡e|
Avevi hw` `y‡UvB MwZkxj _v‡K, Zvn‡j B¯•v‡Zi wmwjÊviwU‡K _vgv‡bvi
Rb¨ †ewk cÖ‡Póvi ìKvi n‡e|
myZivs Avgiv ewj †h, Kv‡Vi wmwjÊv‡ii †P‡q B¯•v‡Zi wmwjÊv‡ii RoZv
†ewk| B¯•v‡Zi wmwjÊv‡ii fi Kv‡Vi wmwjÊv‡ii f‡ii †P‡q †ewk e‡j Gi RoZv
†ewk|
cÖkœ : 16| wbDU‡bi MwZi cÖ_g m ﾁ Î †_‡K wKfv‡e e‡ji ¸YMZ
msÁv cvIqv hvq eY©bv Ki|
DËi : cÖ_g m ﾁ Î :
evwni n‡Z †Kvb ej cÖhy³ bv n‡j A_©vr e¯‘i Dci e‡ji jwä k ﾁ b¨ n‡j, w¯’i e¯‘
wPiKvj w¯’i _v‡K Ges MwZkxj e¯‘ wPiKvj mg‡e‡M mij‡iLvq Pj‡Z _vK‡e|
cÖ_g m ﾁ Î n‡Z e‡ji msÁv :
wbDU‡bi MwZi cÖ_g m ﾁ Î Abymv‡i,
†Kvb e¯‘ wb‡Ri †_‡K Zvi Ae¯’vi cwieZ©b NUv‡Z cv‡i bv|
†Kvb e¯‘ w¯’i _vK‡j wPiKvj w¯’i _vK‡Z Pvq Avi MwZkxj _vK‡j wPiKvj
mg‡e‡M mij c‡_ Pj‡Z Pvq|
A_©vr, e¯‘i Ae¯’vi cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ evB‡i †_‡K GKUv wKQy cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z
nq| GB GKUv wKQy hv e¯‘i Ae¯’vi cwieZ©b Ki‡Z eva¨ K‡i ev Ki‡Z Pvq
Zv‡KB ej e‡j AwfwnZ Kiv nq|
∴ wbDU‡bi MwZi cÖ_g myÎvbymv‡i, Òhv w¯’i e¯‘i Dci wµqv K‡i Zv‡K
MwZkxj K‡i ev Ki‡Z Pvq A_ev MwZkxj e¯‘i Dci wµqv K‡i Zvi MwZi
cwieZ©b K‡i ev Ki‡Z Pvq Zv‡K ej e‡j|Ó
cÖkœ : 17| wbDU‡bi MwZi wØZxq m ﾁ Î †_‡K cÖgvY Ki †h, F = ma.
(h.†ev. 2002; Xv.†ev. 2003; 2005)
A_ev, wbDU‡bi MwZi wØZxq m ﾁ ÎwU wee„Z Ki Ges †`LvI †h, F =
ma. (ewi. †ev.Õ05; 2001; P.†ev. 2006; wm.†ev. Õ06; Õ03)
A_ev, wbDU‡bi MwZi wØZxq m ﾁ Î †_‡K cÖhy³ ej, fi I Z¡i‡Yi
m¤•K© wbY©q Ki| [Kz.†ev. 2004; Õ99; ewi.†ev. 2005]
DËi : wØZxq m ﾁ Î : †Kvb GKwU e¯‘i fi‡e‡Mi cwieZ©‡bi nvi e¯‘i Dci
cÖhy³ e‡ji mgvbycvwZK Ges ej †hw`‡K cÖhy³ nq fi‡e‡Mi cwieZ©bI †mB
w`‡K N‡U|
wØZxq m ﾁ ‡Îi MvwYwZK iƒc (e‡ji cwigvc/ F = ma) :
g‡b Kwi,
†Kvb GwU e¯‘i fi = m
e¯‘wUi †Kvb GK g ﾁ û‡Z©i †eM = u
cwigvc 60
†kl ‡eM
Avẁ‡eM v
u
F m fi m fi
mgq t
hw` F gv‡bi GKwU ej e¯‘i Dci t mgq a‡i wµqv K‡i e¯‘i †eM v †Z cwieZ©b
K‡i, Z‡e−
e¯‘i Avw`‡eM = u, †kl‡eM = v,
AZGe, e¯‘i Avw` fi †eM = mu
e¯‘i †kl fi †eM = mv
[ †h‡nZz fi‡eM = fi × †eM ]
t mg‡q e¯‘i fi‡e‡Mi cwieZ©b = †kl fi‡eM − Avw` fi‡eM
= mv − mu
fi‡e‡Mi cwieZ©‡bi nvi =
= = ma [ a= ]
Avevi, wbDU‡bi MwZi wØZxq m ﾁ Îvbymv‡i,
e¯‘i fi‡e‡Mi cwieZ©‡bi nvi cÖhy³ e‡ji mgvbycvwZK|
A_©vr, F ∝ ma
∴ F = k.ma [ GLv‡b k = aª“e msL¨v ]
GLv‡b ej ev F Gi cÖ‡qvRbxq GKK wba©vi‡Yi gva¨‡g Avgiv aª“e msL¨v‡K
AcmviY Ki‡Z cvwi|
hLb−
†h ej GKK f‡ii †Kvb e¯‘i Dci wµqv K‡i GKK Z¡iY m„wó K‡i Zv‡K hw` Avgiv
GKK ej ewj,
A_©vr, hLb m = 1 GKK
a = 1 GKK
ZLb hw` F = 1 GKK aiv nq, Z‡e k = 1 nq
myZivs GKK e‡ji msÁvbymv‡i
F = ma
A_©vr, ej = fi × Z¡iY|
cÖkœ : 18| wbDU‡bi MwZi wØZxq m ﾁ Î †_‡K cÖ_g m ﾁ ÎwU
cÖwZcv`b Ki|
(h.†ev. Kz.†ev. 2006; Õ99; iv.†ev. 2001; P.†ev. 2002; Xv.†ev. ewi.
†ev.2005)
DËi : wbDU‡bi MwZi wØZxq m ﾁ Î †_‡K cÖ_g m ﾁ Î cÖwZcv`b :
m fi wewkó †Kvb e¯‘i Dci F ej cÖhy³ n‡q a mgZ¡iY m„wó Ki‡j, wbDU‡bi MwZi
wØZxq m ﾁ Îvbymv‡i Avgiv cvB−
F = ma
= m [a = ]
GLb hw` e¯‘i Dci evwni †_‡K †Kvb ej cÖhy³ bv nq,

A_©vr, F = o nq Z‡e−
o = m
GLv‡b †h‡nZz m = o n‡Z cv‡i bv
myZivs v − u = o
ev, v = u
GB mgxKiY n‡Z cÖgvwYZ nq evwn¨K †Kvb ej cÖ‡qvM bv Ki‡j (A_©vr, F = O
n‡j) e¯‘i †e‡Mi †Kvb cwieZ©b nq bv| A_©vr w¯’i e¯‘ w¯’i _v‡K Ges MwZkxj
e¯‘i MwZi †Kvb cwieZ©b n‡e bv| GUvB wbDU‡bi MwZi cÖ_g m ﾁ Î|
cÖkœ : 19| D`vni‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ wbDU‡bi MwZi Z…Zxq m ﾁ Î e¨vL¨v
Ki|
A_ev, D`vni‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ wbDU‡bi MwZi Z…Zxq m ﾁ Î eY©bv Ki|
(h.†ev. 2000)
DËi : Z…Zxq m ﾁ Î : cÖ‡Z¨K wµqvi GKwU mgvb I wecixZ cÖwZwµqv
Av‡Q|
e¨vL¨v :
GKwU e¯‘ P hw` Aci GKwU e¯‘ Q Gi Dci ej cÖ‡qvM K‡i, Zvn‡j GB
m ﾁ Îvbymv‡i Q e¯‘wUI P e¯‘i Dci mgvb I wecixZ ej cÖ‡qvM Ki‡e| Q e¯‘i Dci
P ej‡K wµqv Ges P e¯‘i Dci Q ej‡K cÖwZwµqv e‡j|
wµqv I cÖwZwµqv ej memgq `ywU wfbœ e¯‘i Dci wµqv K‡i, KL‡bvB GKB
e¯‘i Dci wµqv K‡i bv| cÖwZwµqv ejwU ZZ¶Y _vK‡e, hZ¶Y ch©š ﾏ wµqv
ejwU _vK‡e| wµqv †_‡g †M‡j cÖwZwµqvI †_‡g hv‡e|
D`vniY− †Uwe‡ji Dci eB-Gi Ae¯’vb :
GKwU fvix e¯‘ †Uwe‡ji Dci ivL‡j e¯‘wUi Dci AwfKl© ej fvi‡K›`ª w`‡q
mivmwi wb‡Pi w`‡K KvR Ki‡e| GLb e¯‘wUi Dci hw` ïaygvÎ AwfKl© ej KvR
Ki‡Zv, †Kvb cÖwZwµqv ej bv _vK‡Zv Zvn‡j e¯‘wU ax‡i ax‡i †Uwe‡ji ga¨
w`‡q P‡j †hZ| wKš‘ †h‡nZz e¯‘ †Uwe‡ji Dci mvg¨ve¯’vq _v‡K Kv‡RB
Avgiv ej‡Z cvwi †Uwe‡ji cÖwZwµqv e¯‘wU‡K Dc‡ii w`‡K AwfK‡l©i mgvb
e‡j †Vj‡Q|
cÖkœ : 20| fi‡e‡Mi msi¶Y m ﾁ ÎwU cÖwZcv`b Ki| (Xv.†ev. ewi.†ev.
2004; h.†ev. 2000 ; Xv.†ev. h.†ev. iv. †ev. 2001; wm.†ev. 2005; 2002)
A_ev, fi‡e‡Mi msi¶Y m ﾁ ÎwU wee„Z I cÖwZcv`b Ki| (Xv.†ev. 2006; h.†ev.
2001; P.†ev. 2003; iv.†ev. Kz.†ev. 2006; 2003)
DËi : fi‡e‡Mi msi¶Y m ﾁ Î :
GKvwaK e¯‘‡Z wµqv I cÖwZwµqv wfbœ Ab¨ †Kvb ej bv _vK‡j, †h †Kvb
w`‡K G‡ì †gvU fi‡e‡Mi †Kvb cwieZ©b N‡U bv| G‡K fi‡e‡Mi msi¶Y m ﾁ Î
ejv nq|
e¨vL¨v : g‡b Kwi m1 Ges m2 f‡ii `ywU e¯‘ h_vµ‡g u1 Ges u2 †e‡M GKB
mij‡iLvq GKB w`‡K Pj‡Q| GLv‡b u1 > u2
cwigvc 62
u1 u2 F F v1 v2
m1 m2 m1 m2 m1 m2
av°vi c ﾁ ‡e© av°vi mgq av°vi c‡i
†Kvb GK mg‡q cÖ_g e¯‘wU wcQb w`K n‡Z wØZxq e¯‘wU‡K av°v w`‡e|
awi av°vi c‡i e¯‘wU h_vµ‡g v1 Ges v2 †e‡M GKB mij‡iLvq GKB w`‡K Pj‡Z
jvMj|
g‡b Kwi, av°vRwbZ wµqv I cÖwZwµqvi Kvh©Kvj = t
myZivs e¯‘ `ywUi Avw` fi‡e‡Mi mgwó = m1 u1 + m2 u2
e¯‘ `ywUi †kl fi‡e‡Mi mgwó = m1 v1 + m2 v2
fi‡e‡Mi msi¶Y m ﾁ Îvbymv‡i cÖgvY Ki‡Z n‡e †h,
m1 u1 + m2 u2 = m1v1 + m2 v2
cÖwZcv`b : cÖ_g e¯‘i fi‡e‡Mi cwieZ©‡bi nvi =
wØZxq e¯‘i fi‡e‡Mi cwieZ©‡bi nvi =
wbDU‡bi MwZi Z…Zxq m ﾁ Îvbymv‡i cvB,
= −
[∴ wµqv I cÖwZwµqv mgvb I wecixZ ]
ev, m1v1 − m1u1 = − (m2v2 − m2 u2)
ev, m1v1 − m1u1 = − m2v2 + m2 u2
ev, m1u1 + m1u2 = m1v1 + m2 v2
A_©vr e¯‘ `ywUi Avw` fi‡eM = e¯‘ `ywUi †kl fi‡eM| GUvB fi‡e‡Mi msi¶Y
m ﾁ Î|
cÖkœ : 21| Nl©Y ej‡Z wK eyS? ˆ`bw›`b Rxe‡b Nl©‡Yi cÖfve
Av‡jvPbv Ki| (Xv.†ev. 2001; h.†ev. 2003; e.†ev. 2003)
DËi : Nl©Y :
`ywU e¯‘ ci¯•‡ii ms¯•‡k© †_‡K hw` G‡Ki Dci w`‡q AciwU Pj‡Z †Póv K‡i
A_ev Pj‡Z _v‡K Zvn‡j e¯‘Ø‡qi ¯•k©Z‡j GB MwZi wei“‡× GKUv evavi
DrcwË nq| GB evav‡K Nl©Y e‡j|
Nl©Y `yB cÖKvi| h_v−
1. w¯’wZi Nl©Y
2. MwZi Nl©Y|
1. w¯’wZi Nl©Y : †Kvb GKwU Zj Ab¨ GKwU Z‡ji Dci w`‡q Pjvi wVK
Av‡M †h Nl©Y ej cÖ`k©b K‡i Zv nj w¯’wZi Nl©Y|
2. MwZi Nl©Y : GKwU Zj Ab¨ GKwU Z‡ji Dci w`‡q Pjvi mgq †h Nl©Y ej
KvR K‡i Zv nj MwZi Nl©Y|
Nl©‡Yi cÖfve :
Avgv‡ì ˆ`bw›`b Rxe‡b Nl©‡Yi cÖfve Acwimxg| Nl©‡Yi Rb¨ Avgv‡ì
†hgb myweav nq, AmyweavI †Zgwb Kg bq| wb‡æ myweav Ges
Amyweavmg ﾁ n Av‡jvPbv Kiv nj−
myweav :
1. Nl©Y bv _vK‡j Avgiv nuvU‡Z cviZvg bv, wcQ‡j †hZvg|
2. Kv‡V †c‡iK ev ¯Œz AvU‡K _vKZ bv|
3. m¤¢e nZ bv wMuU †Ìqv|
4. †Kvb wKQy Avgiv a‡i ivL‡Z cviZvg bv|
Amyweav :
1. hš ﾐ Pjvi mg‡q MwZkxj Ask¸‡jvi g‡a¨ µgk Nl©‡Yi d‡j ¶qcÖvß nq|
2. hvwš ﾐ K `¶ZvI K‡g hvq|
3. Nl©‡Yi d‡j Abvek¨K Zvc Drcv`‡bi d‡j h‡š ﾐ i ¶wZ nq|
AwZwi³
cÖ‡kœvËi
cÖkœ : 1| miY, Z¡iY, Avw`‡eM I †kl‡e‡Mi g‡a¨ m¤•K© cÖwZcv`b
Ki| (P.†ev. 2004)
DËi : g‡b Kwi, GKwU e¯‘ u Avw`‡eM wb‡q hvÎv Avi¤¢ K‡i a mylg Z¡iYmn
P‡j t mgq c‡i s `ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i v †kl †eM cÖvß nj| G‡¶‡Î e¯‘wUi miY s.
u v
>
S
to = o t=t
e¯‘wUi Mo †eM n‡j,
=
∴ S = t ......................................... (i)
Avgiv Rvwb, mylg Z¡i‡Y Pjgvb e¯‘i Avw`‡eM I †kl †e‡Mi MvwYwZK Mo
Gi Mo‡e‡Mi mgvb nq|
∴ = .................................... (ii)
(ii) bs mgxKiY n‡Z Gi gvb (i) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB|
S = .................................. (iii)
Avevi Z¡i‡Yi msÁv n‡Z cvB−
Òmg‡qi mv‡_ Amg †e‡Mi cwieZ©‡bi nvi‡K Z¡iY e‡j|Ó
∴ a=
ev, t = ......................................... (iv)
(iv) bs mgxKiY n‡Z t Gi gvb (iii) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB|
S=
ev, S=
ev, S=
ev, v − u = 2as
2 2
∴ v = u + 2as
2 2
cwigvc 64
A_©vr †kl‡eM2 = Avw`‡eM2 + 2 × Z¡iY × miY GwUB wb‡Y©q m¤•K©|

cÖkœ : 2| `ª“wZ I †e‡Mi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wjL| (Xv.†ev. 2005)
DËi : `ª“wZ I †e‡Mi cv_©K¨ :
êwkó¨ `ª“wZ †eM
1. msÁv 1. mij ev eµc‡_ †Kvb 1. GKwU wbw`©ó w`‡K e¯‘
e¯‘ GKK mg‡q †h GKK mg‡q †h c_ AwZµg K‡i
c_ AwZµg K‡i Zv‡K Zv‡K †eM e‡j|
`ª“wZ e‡j|
2. ivwk 2. `ª“wZ †¯‹jvi ivwk| 2. †eM †f±i ivwk|
êwkó¨ `ª“wZ †eM
3. 3. ïay gv‡bi cwieZ©b 3. ïay gv‡bi wKsev ïay w`‡Ki
n‡j `ª“wZi A_ev Df‡qi cwieZ©b n‡j
cwieZ© cwieZ©b nq| †e‡Mi cwieZ©b nq|
b
4. 4. `ª“wZi †hvM, 4. †e‡Mi †hvM, we‡qvM
we‡qvM mvaviY mvaviY MvwYwZK wbq‡g
†hvMÑw MvwYwZK wbq‡g nq bv, †f±i exRMwY‡Zi
e‡qvM nq| wbq‡g nq|
5. Z¡iY 5. mg `ª“wZ‡Z Pj‡j 5. mg‡e‡M Pj‡j e¯‘i Z¡iY _v‡K
e¯‘i Z¡iY _vK‡ZI bv|
cv‡i|
6. cwigvcK 6. w¯•‡WvwgUvi 6. †fjv‡UvwgUvi
hš ﾐ
7. m¤•K© 7. e¯‘i †e‡Mi gvbB 7. wbw`©ó w`‡K `ª“wZB
`ª“wZ| †eM|
cÖkœ : 3| †eM I Z¡i‡Yi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wjL|
DËi : †eM I Z¡i‡Yi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ :
êwkó¨ †eM Z¡iY
1. msÁv 1.mg‡qi mv‡_ e¯‘i mi‡Yi 1.mg‡qi mv‡_ e¯‘i Amg
nvi‡K †eM e‡j| †e‡Mi cwieZ©‡bi nvi‡K
Z¡iY e‡j|
2. cwigvc 2.†Kvb e¯‘ t mg‡q s `ﾁ iZ¡ 2.†Kvb e¯‘i †eM t mg‡q u
AwZµg Ki‡j, †eM v = . n‡Z e„w× †c‡q v n‡j
Z¡iY f =
3. cÖZxK 3. 'v' A_ev 'u' 3. 'f' A_ev 'a'
4. gvÎv 4. [ LT − 1 ] 4. [ LT − 2 ]
mgxKiY
5. GKK 5. m/sec, cm/sec, ft/sec. 5. m/sec2, cm/sec2, ft/sec2.

6. ej 6. ej cÖ‡qvM bv Ki‡j e¯‘i 6. e¯‘i Z¡iY e‡ji
†e‡Mi cwieZ©b nq bv| mgvbycvwZK A_©vr, a
∝ F|
7. cwigvcK hš 7. †fjv‡UvwgUvi| 7. A¨v‡·jv‡ivwgUvi|
ﾐ
cÖkœ : 4| Amg Z¡i‡Yi †¶‡Î †eM-mgq †jL †_‡K wKfv‡e Z¡iY cvIqv
hvq?
DËi : Amg Z¡i‡Yi †¶‡Î :
Amg Z¡i‡Yi †¶‡Î †eM e„w×i nvi mgvb bv nIqvi Kvi‡Y †eM-mgq †jLwU
GKwU eµ‡iLv n‡e| MwZKv‡ji mKj g ﾁ û‡Z© Gi Z¡iY mgvb n‡e bv|
awi, †Kvb GKwU we‡kl g ﾁ û‡Z©
Gi Z¡iY †ei
Ki‡Z n‡e| hv‡K eµ‡iLvwU‡Z P
we›`y w`‡q wb‡`©k Kiv n‡q‡Q|
P we›`y‡Z Z¡iY wbY©q Ki‡Z n‡j
Avgv‡ì‡K GKwU AwZ¶z`ª
mg‡Kvbx wÎf‚R ABC we‡ePbv Ki‡Z
n‡e hvi AwZf‚R AB GZ ¶z`ª †h
GwU P we›`yi AwZ mwbœK‡U
eµ‡iLvi mv‡_ Kvh©Z wg‡j hvq|
Zvn‡j, P we›`y‡Z Z¡iY, wPÎ : †eM-mgq
†jL
= .... .... .... (i)

wKš‘ GZ †QvU wÎf‚R we‡ePbv K‡i Zvi †_‡K cwigvc K‡i mwVK dj †ei Kiv
gykwKj| ZvB P we›`y‡Z ED ¯•k©K AuvKv nj| ABC wÎf‚‡Ri m`„k wKš‘
A‡c¶vK…Z eo wÎf‚R DEF AsKb Kiv nj| wÎf ﾁ R ABC I DEF †_‡K cvIqv hvq−
=
myZivs (i) bs mgxKiYwU ùvovq
a =
wKš‘ nj ED Gi Xvj| myZivs mgq-†eM †jLwP‡Îi †h †Kvb we›`y‡Z AswKZ
¯•k©‡Ki Xvj H we›`y‡Z Z¡iY wb‡`©k K‡i|
cÖkœ : 5| 1N ej Kv‡K e‡j? (Kz.†ev. 2003)
DËi : 1N ej :
cwigvc 66
†h cwigvY ej 1kg f‡ii Dci wµqv K‡i 1ms−2 Z¡iY m„wó K‡i Zv‡K 1N ej e‡j|
cÖkœ : 6| Nl©b Kv‡K e‡j? Nl©‡bi Amyweav¸‡jv wK wK? (Kz.†ev.
2004)
DËi : Abykxjbxi iPbvg ﾁ jK 21bs cÖ‡kœvËi `ªóe¨|
MvwYwZK
mgm¨vewj I
mgvavb
◆ hv Rvbv ìKvi :
m ﾁ ÎÑ 1. v = 5. m1u1 + m2u2 = (m1 + m2)v
u + at 6. m1u1 + m2u2 = m1v1 + m2v2
2. s = ut + at
3. v2 = u2 + 2as GLv‡b,
4. f = ma m1 = cÖ_g e¯‘i fi
GLv‡b, m2 = wØZxq e¯‘i fi
u = Avw`‡eM s u1 = cÖ_g e¯‘i Avw`‡eM
= `ﾁ iZ¡
u2 = wØZxq e¯‘i Avw`‡eM
v = †kl‡eM f = ej
v1 = cÖ_g e¯‘i †kl‡eM
a = Z¡iY m = fi
v2 = wØZxq e¯‘i †kl‡eM
t = mgq
v = wgwjZ e¯‘i †kl‡eM
MvwYwZK
D`vniYmg ﾁ n
D`v : 1| GKwU Mvwoi †eM 10ms −1 †_‡K mylgfv‡e e„w× †c‡q 5s c‡i 25
ms −1 nq| MvwowUi Z¡iY †ei Ki|
mgvavb:
Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
a = Avw`‡eM u = 10 ms −
ev, a =
1
= = 3 ms − 2 †kl‡eM v = 25 ms−1
mgq t = 5s
Z¡iY a = ?
DËi : AZGe, MvwowUi Z¡iY, 3 ms − 2.
D`v : 2| GKwU Mvwoi †eM 27 ms − 1 †_‡K mylgfv‡e n«vm †c‡q 8 s c‡i 11
ms − 1 nq| MvwowUi Z¡iY †ei Ki|
mgvavb:
a = Avw`‡eM u = 27 ms −1
= †kl‡eM v = 11 ms −1
= = − 2 ms − 2
mgq t = 8s
Z¡iY a = ?
GLv‡b FYvÍK wP‡ýi A_© MvwowU Zvi Avw`‡e‡Mi wecixZ w`‡K Z¡wiZ
n‡”Q| A_©vr, MvwowUi g›`b n‡”Q|
DËi : − 2 ms−2 |
D`v : 3| 72 kmh−1 †e‡M Pjš ﾏ GKwU Mvwo‡Z 6 s hver 1.5 ms−2 Z¡iY
cÖ‡qvM Kiv nj| MvwowUi †kl‡eM KZ Ges Z¡iYKv‡j KZ ` ﾁ iZ¡
AwZµg Ki‡e? (h.†ev. 2006; 2004; Kz.†ev. 2002; wm.†ev. 2002)
mgvavb:
v = u + at Avw`‡eM u = 72 kmh
−1
ev, v = −1
20 ms + 1.5 ms −2
×6s
= 20 ms −1
+ 9 ms −1 = 72
= 29 ms−1 =
= 20 ms− 1
Avevi, s = ut + at2
Z¡iY a = 1.5 ms−2
= 20 ms −1 × 6 s + × 1.5 ms− 2 × (6 s)2
= 120 m + 27 m mgq t = 6 s
= 147 m †kl‡eM v = ?
DËi : †kl‡eM 29ms −1 Ges `ﾁ iZ¡ 147m. `ﾁ iZ¡ s = ?
D`v : 4| Lvov Dc‡ii w`‡K GKwU i‡KU wb‡¶c Kiv n‡j Gi R¡vjvwb
Dc‡ii w`‡K 40 ms−2 Z¡iY m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges R¡vjvwb †kl bv nIqv
ch©š ﾏ GB Z¡i‡Yi gvb GKB _v‡K| i‡KUwU‡K hw` 8 kms−1 †eM AR©b
Ki‡Z nq Z‡e KZ mg‡qi Rb¨ R¡vjvwb‡K eënv‡ii cÖ‡qvRb n‡e?
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
v = u + at Avw`‡eM u = 0 ms − 1
ev t = †kl‡eM v = 8 kms −1
= = 8 × 103 ms −1
= 200 s Z¡iY a = 40 ms −2
mgq t = ?
DËi : 200 s.
D`v : 5| w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K mylg Z¡i‡Y Pj‡Z ïi“ K‡i GKwU Mvwo 4
wgwb‡U cÖ_g wK‡jvwgUvi c_ AwZµg K‡i| Gici MvwowU hw` mylg
†e‡M Pj‡Z _v‡K Zvn‡j wØZxq wK‡jvwgUvi AwZµg Ki‡Z Gi KZ mgq
cwigvc 68
jvM‡e?
mgvavb: cÖ_g wK‡jvwgUv‡ii †¶‡Î,
s1 = t `ﾁ iZ¡ s1 = 1 km = 103 m
ev, 103m = × 240 s mgq t1 = 4 min
∴ v = = 240 s
= × 102 ms− 1 Avw`‡eM u = 0 ms − 1
†kl‡eM v = ?
mylg †e‡Mi †¶‡Î, Avgiv Rvwb, wØZxq wK‡jvwgUv‡ii †¶‡Î,

s2 = vt2 GLv‡b,
ev, t2 = `ﾁ iZ¡ s2 = 1 km = 103 m
= = 120 s mylg †eM v = × 102 ms − 1
mgq t2 = ?
DËi : 120 s.
D`v : 6| `ywU Mvwo 4ms − 1 Ges 7ms − 1 †eM w`‡q GKwU cÖwZ‡hvwMZv
ïi“ K‡i| G‡ì Z¡iY h_vµ‡g 0. 5 ms − 2 Ges 0.4 ms − 2 | hw` Mvwo `ywU GKB
mg‡q †kl cÖv‡š ﾏ † cuŠQvq, Z‡e Giv KZ mgq a‡i cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq
Ask wb‡qwQj?
mgvavb:
g‡b Kwi, Mvwo `ywU t mgq GLv‡b,
cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq Ask wb‡q s cÖ_g Mvwoi Avw`‡eM,
wgUvi `ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i| u1 = 4 ms − 1
cÖ_g Mvwoi †¶‡Î, s = u1t + a1 t2 ............... cÖ_g Mvwoi Z¡iY, a1 =
(1) 0.5 ms − 2
wØZxq Mvwoi †¶‡Î, s = u2t + a2 t .............. 2
wØZxq Mvwoi Avw`‡eM,
(2) u2 = 7 ms − 1
(1) I (2) bs mgxKiY †_‡K cvB wØZxq Mvwoi Z¡iY, a2
= 0.4 ms − 2
mgq t = ?
u1t + a1t2 = u2t + a2 t2
ev, (u1 − u2) t = (a2 − a1) t2
ev, t =
ev, t =
= = 60 s.
DËi : mgq, 60 s.
D`v : 7| w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K GKwU †Uªb 10 ms− 2 mylg Z¡i‡Y Pjvi mgq
125 m `ﾁ i‡Z¡ Aew¯’Z GKwU †cvó‡K KZ †e‡M AwZµg Ki‡e?
mgvavb:

v2 = u2 + 2as Avw`‡eM, u = 0 ms−
ev, v = 0 + 2 × 10 ms
2 −2
× 125 m
1
= 2500 m s 2 −2
Z¡iY, a = 10 ms− 2
∴ v = 50 ms− 1 `ﾁ iZ¡, s = 125 m
†kl‡eM, v = ?
DËi : v = 50 ms− 1.
D`v : 8| 54 kmh−1 †e‡M Pjš ﾏ GKRb Mvwoi PvjK 46 m ` ﾁ ‡ i GKRb
c_Pvix‡K †`L‡Z †c‡jb Ges mv‡_ mv‡_ †eªK †P‡c w`‡jb| G‡Z
MvwowU c_Pvixi 1m mvg‡b G‡m †_‡g †Mj| MvwowUi Z¡iY Ges
†eªK Kivi ci Mvwo _vg‡Z KZ mgq †j‡MwQj †ei Ki| [ewi.†ev. 2006]
mgvavb:
v 2
= 2
u + 2as Avw`‡eM, u = 54 kmh−1 = 54
ev, 2as = v2 − u2 = = 15 ms−1
∴ a = †kl‡eM, V = 0ms−1
=
AwZµvš ﾏ `ﾁ iZ¡, s =
= − 2.5 ms−2 46 m − 1m
Avevi, s = t = 45 m
Z¡iY, a = ?
mgq, t = ?
ev, t =
= = 6s
DËi : mgq = 6 s Ges Z¡iY = − 2.5 ms−2.
D`v : 9| 20 kg f‡ii GKwU e¯‘i Dci KZ ej cÖhy³ n‡j Gi Z¡iY n‡e 2 ms−2 ?
mgvavb:
F = ma e¯‘i fi, m = 20 kg
= 20 kg × 2 ms−2 Z¡iY, a = 2 ms−2
= 40 kgms−2 = 40 N ej, F = ?
DËi : F = 40 N.
D`v : 10| 9.1 × 10−31 kg f‡ii GKwU w¯’i B‡jKUª‡bi Dci 1.82 × 10−16 N ej 10−9 s
a‡i KvR K‡i| GB mgq †k‡l B‡jKUª‡bi †eM KZ n‡e? (h. †ev. 2000)
mgvavb:
v
u + at = fi, m = 9.1 × 10−31 kg
GLv‡b, Z¡iY a ARvbv Avw`‡eM, u = 0 ms−1
wKš‘ F = ma
cwigvc 70
ev, a = ej, F = 1.82 × 10−16 N

mgq, t = 10−9 s
†kl‡eM, v = ?
=
= 2 × 1014 ms−2
GLb, v = 0 + 2 × 1014ms−2 × 10−9 s
= 2 × 105ms−1
A_©vr, †kl‡eM v = 2 × 105ms−1
DËi : †kl‡eM v = 2 × 105ms−1.
D`v : 11| 4kg fi es 12 ms−1 †e‡Mi GKwU e¯‘ Pjš ﾏ Ae¯’vq wecixZ w`K
†_‡K AvMZ 6 kg fi Ges 4 ms−1 †e‡Mi Aci GKwU e¯‘i mv‡_ wg‡j GKwU
e¯‘‡Z cwiYZ nq| wgwjZ e¯‘i †eM KZ n‡e? (P.†ev. 2003)
mgvavb:
aiv hvK, cÖ_g e¯‘ †hw`‡K P‡j GLv‡b,
†mw`K abvÍK| fi‡e‡Mi msi¶Y m ﾁ Î cÖ_g e¯‘i fi, m1 = 4kg
†_‡K wØZxq e¯‘i fi, m2 = 6kg
Avgiv Rvwb, wgwjZ nIqvi Av‡M cÖ_g e¯‘i †eM,
m1u1 + m2u2 = (m1 + m2) v u1 = 12 ms−1
ev, 4kg × 12ms−1 + 6kg × ( − 4ms−1) wgwjZ nIqvi Av‡M wØZxq e¯‘i †eM
= (4kg + 6 kg) v u2 = − 4 ms−1
wgwjZ nIqvi ci wgwjZ e¯‘i †eM
v = ?
ev, 48 kg ms−1 − 24 kgms−1 = v × 10 kg
ev, v × 10 kg = 24kg ms−1
∴ v = = 2.4ms−1
∴ wgwjZ e¯‘i †eM abvÍK| A_©vr cÖ_g e¯‘ †h w`‡K hvw”Qj wgwjZ e¯‘
†mw`‡K 2.4ms−1 †e‡M hv‡e|
D`v : 12| GKwU ivB‡dj †_‡K 1kms−1 †e‡M 10g f‡ii GKwU ey‡jU †Qvov
nj| ivB‡d‡ji fi hw` 2 kg nq, Gi cðvr †eM †ei Ki|
(wm.†ev. 2004; P. †ev. Õ99; Xv.†ev. 2002; iv.†ev. 2002; Abyiƒc
Kz.†ev. 2001)
mgvavb:
awi, ¸wji †e‡Mi w`K abvÍK| GLv‡b,
fi‡e‡Mi msi¶Y m ﾁ Î †_‡K Avgiv ¸wji fi, m1 = 10g
Rvwb, = 10 × 10−3 kg
m1u1 + m1u2 = m1v1 + m2v2 = 10−2 kg
ev, 0 + 0 = 10−2kg × 103ms−1 + 2kg × ivB‡d‡ji fi, m2 = 2 kg
v2 ¸wji Avw`‡eM, u1 =0ms−1
v2 = e›`y‡Ki Avw`‡eM, u2 =
= − 5 ms−1 0ms−1
ivB‡d‡ji †eM FYvÍK, A_©vr ¸wji ¸wji †kl‡eM, v1 = 1 kms−1
†eM †h w`‡K, ivB‡d‡ji †eM Zvi = 103 ms−1
wecixZ w`‡K| e›`y‡Ki †kl‡eM, v2 = ?
DËi : cðvr †eM 5 ms−1.
Abykxjbxi
MvwYwZK mgm¨vi
mgvavb
mgm¨v : 1| hw` GKwU e¯‘i †eM 7s -G 3 ms−1 †_‡K 31ms−1 G DbœxZ nq|
e¯‘wUi Z¡iY KZ?
mgvavb:
a = Avw`‡eM, u = 3 ms−1
= †kl‡eM, v = 31 ms −1
= = 4 ms−2
mgq, t = 7s
Z¡iY, a = ?
DËi : e¯‘wUi Z¡iY = 4 ms−2.
mgm¨v : 2| 4ms−2 mylg Z¡i‡Y Pjš ﾏ GKwU †Uªb †Kvb †÷kb AwZµg
Kivi ci 10 s- G 240 m ` ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i| †÷kb‡K AwZµg Kivi mgq
†UªbwUi †eM KZ wQj?
mgvavb:
s = ut + at2 Z¡iY, a = 4ms−2
ev, 240 = u × 10 + × 4 × 10 × 10 mgq, t = 10 s
ev, 240 = 10u + 200 `ﾁ iZ¡, s = 240 m
Avw`‡eM, u = ?
ev, 240 = 10u + 200
ev, 240 − 200 = 10 u
ev, 40 = 10 u
ev, u = = 4 ms−1
DËi : Avw`‡eM, u = 4ms−1 .
mgm¨v : 3| 36 kmh−1 †e‡M Pjš ﾏ GKwU Mvwo‡K †eªK K‡l 50 s- G
_vgv‡bv nj| MvwowUi Z¡iY KZ? GB mg‡q MvwowU KZ ` ﾁ iZ¡
AwZµg Ki‡e? (Kz.†ev. iv.†ev. h.†ev. 2000; Kz.†ev. 2002; iv.†ev. 2001; ewi.†ev.
2003)
v = u + at Avw`‡eM, u = 36 kmh−1
cwigvc 72
ev, O = 10 + a × 50 = ms−1 = 10 ms−1

ev, 50a = − 10 †kl‡eM, v = 0ms−1
∴ a = − = − 0.2 ms−2 mgq, t = 50 s
Avevi, s = ut + at2
Z¡iY, a = ?
`ﾁ iZ¡, s = ?
= 10 × 50 + × (−0.2) × 50 × 50
= 500 − 250 = 250 m
DËi : Z¡iY = − 0.2 ms−2 Ges `ﾁ iZ¡ = 250 m.
mgm¨v : 4| f‚wg Z¨vM Kivi c ﾁ ‡ e© w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K 10 ms−2 mylg
Z¡i‡Y GKwU wegvb ivbI‡q‡Z 2km †`Šovq| ivbI‡q AwZµg Ki‡Z
wegvbwUi KZ mgq jvM‡e? (wm.†ev. 2006; ewi.†ev. 2002)
mgvavb:
g‡b Kwi, mgq GLv‡b,
= t Avw`‡eM, u = 0 ms−1
Avgiv Rvwb, s Z¡iY, a = 10 ms−2
= ut + at2 `ﾁ iZ¡, s = 2 km = 2000 m.
ev, 2000 = 0 × t + × 10 × t2
ev, 2000 = 5t2
ev, t2 = = 400
∴ t = 20 s
DËi : mgq = 20 s.
mgm¨v : 5| 2 ms−2 Z¡iY m„wóKvix Gw·jv‡iUi †P‡c 9m hvIqvi ci †Kvb
Mvwoi †eM 10 ms−1 nj| Gw·jv‡iUi Pvcvi g ﾁ û‡Z© MvwowUi †eM KZ
wQj? (h. †ev. 2000, 2001; wm.†ev. 2005)
2
v = u + 2as 2
Z¡iY, a = 2 ms−2
ev, u2 = v2 − 2as `ﾁ iZ¡, s = 9m
= (10)2 − 2 × 2 × 9 †kl‡eM, v = 10 ms−1
= 100 − 36 = 64 Avw`‡eM, u = ?
∴ u = 8ms−1
DËi : Avw`‡eM = 8ms−1.
mgm¨v : 6| 15 kg f‡ii †Kvb e¯‘i Dci 105 N ej cÖ‡qvM Ki‡j Zvi Z¡iY KZ
n‡e? (h. †ev. 2000; Xv. †ev. 2001)
F = ma fi, m = 15 kg
ev, a = = = 7 ms−2 ej, F = 105 N
Z¡iY, a = ?
DËi : Z¡iY = 7 ms−2.
mgm¨v : 7| 50 kg f‡ii GwU w¯’i e¯‘i 100 N GKwU ej 2 †m‡KÊ a‡i wµqv
K‡i| GB mgq †k‡l e¯‘wUi †eM KZ n‡e?
(ewi.†ev. 2004; iv.†ev. Õ99)
F = ma fi, m = 50 kg
∴ a = ej, F = 100 N
= = 2 ms−2 mgq, t = 2s
†eM, v = ?
Avgiv Rvwb, F = ma
∴ a = = = 2 ms−2
Avevi, v = u + at
ev, v = 0+2×2
∴ v DËi : e¯‘wUi †eM = 4 ms−1 .
= 4 ms−1
mgm¨v : 8| 10 g f‡ii
GKwU ey‡jU 300 ms−1 †e‡M GK UzKiv Kv‡Vi g‡a¨
4.5 cm cÖ‡ek K‡i †_‡g †Mj| evav`vbKvix e‡ji gvb wbY©q Ki| Ges G
`ﾁ iZ¡ †h‡Z ey‡jUwUi KZ mgq †j‡M‡Q?
(Kz.†ev. 2006; Xv.†ev. 2004;m. †ev. Õ98; wm.†ev. 2003; h.†ev. P.†ev. 2005)
v2 = u2 + 2as Avw`‡eM,u = 300 ms−1
ev, 2as = v2 − u2 fi, m = 10 g = 0.01 kg
ev, a = `ﾁ iZ¡, s = 4.5 cm
∴ a = = = 0.045 m
= − 106 ms −2 †kl‡eM, v = oms−1
ej, F = ?
mgq, t = ?
Avevi, F = ma = 0.01 × ( − 106) = − 10000 N
evav`vbKvix e‡ji gvb 10000N Ges e‡ji w`‡K ey‡j‡Ui †e‡Mi wecixZ w`‡K|
GLb, v = u + at
ev, o = 300 + (− 106) t
ev, 106t = 300
∴ t = = 3 × 10−4s DËi : mgq = 3 × 10−4s.
mgm¨v : 9| 600 kg f‡ii GKLvwb Mvwo 20 ms−1 †e‡M mij c‡_ Pj‡Z Pj‡Z
1400 kg f‡ii GKLvwb w¯’i Uªv‡Ki mv‡_ av°v †L‡q AvU‡K †Mj| wgwjZ
Mvwo `ywUi †eM KZ n‡e? (Xv.†ev. 2000; 2005; h.†ev. 2000)
mgvavb:
fi‡e‡Mi msi¶Y m ﾁ Î †_‡K Avgiv GLv‡b, Mvwoi fi m1 =
Rvwb, 600 kg
m1u1 + m2 u2 = (m1 + m2)v Uªv‡Ki fi m2 = 1400 kg
ev, 600 × 20 + m2 × 0 = (600 wgwjZ nIqvi Av‡M Mvwoi †eM,
+ 1400)v u1 = 20 ms−1
ev, 12000 = 2000v wgwjZ nIqvi Av‡M Uªv‡Ki †eM,
∴ v = = 6 ms −1
u2 = 0 ms−1
wgwjZ nIqvi Av‡M wgwjZ e¯‘i
†eM, v = ?
DËi : wgwjZ †eM = 6 ms . −1
cwigvc 74
mgm¨v : 10| 3 kg f‡ii GKwU e¯‘ 2 ms−1 †e‡M c ﾁ e©w`‡K Pj‡Q| 1 kg f‡ii
Aci GKwU e¯‘ 2 ms−1 †e‡M cwðgw`‡K Pj‡Q| †Kvb GK mgq e¯‘ `ywUi
g‡a¨ msN‡l©i d‡j Giv wg‡j GK n‡q †Mj| wgwjZ e¯‘wU †Kvbw`‡K
KZ †e‡M Pj‡Q? (ewi.†ev. 2005)
mgvavb:
GLv‡b, cÖ_g e¯‘i fi, m1 = 3 kg
cÖ_g e¯‘i †eM, u1 = 2ms−1
wØZxq e¯‘i fi, m2 = 1 kg
wØZxq e¯‘i †eM, u2 = − 2ms−1
wØZxq e¯‘wU cÖ_g e¯‘wUi wecixZw`‡K Pj‡Q| GB Rb¨ FYvÍK wgwjZ
nIqvi gZ e¯‘i †eM, v = ?
fi‡e‡Mi msi¶Y m ﾁ Î †_‡K cvB,
m1u1 + m2u2 = (m1 + m2) v
∴v =
= = = = 1 ms−1
DËi : wgwjZ †eM 1 ms−1 Ges †eM-Gi w`K cÖ_g e¯‘wUi †e‡Mi w`‡K
A_©vr, c ﾁ e©w`‡K|
mgm¨v : 11| GKwU 10 g f‡ii ¸wj 6 kg f‡ii GKwU e›`y‡Ki bj †_‡K 300 ms−1
†e‡M †ewi‡q †Mj| e›`y‡Ki cðvr †eM †ei Ki| (Kz.†ev. P.†ev. Õ99; Kz.†ev.
2001 ; Xv.†ev. 2006; 2001)
mgvavb:
fi‡e‡Mi msi¶Y m ﾁ Î †_‡K Avgiv GLv‡b,
Rvwb, ¸wji fi, m1 = 10 g = 0.01 kg
m1u1 + m2u2 = m1v1 + m2v2 e›`y‡Ki fi, m2 = 6 kg
ev, 0.01 × 0 + 6 × 0 = ¸wji Avw`‡eM, u1 = 0 ms−1
0.01 × 300 + 6 × v2 e›`y‡Ki Avw`‡eM, u2 = 0
−1
ev, 6v2 = −3 ms
ev, v2 = ¸wji †kl‡eM, v1 = 300 ms−1
= − 0.5 ms −1 e›`y‡Ki cðvr †eM, v2 = ?
†h‡nZz v2 FYvÍK| AZGe, e›`y‡Ki †eM n‡e cðvr w`‡K|
e›`y‡Ki cðvr †eM − 0.5 ms−1.
AwZwi³ MvwYwZK
mgm¨vi mgvavb
mgm¨v : 1| 72 kmh−1 †e‡M Mvwoi GKRb PvjK 42m `ﾁ ‡i GKRb c_Pvix‡K
†`L‡Z †c‡q mv‡_ mv‡_ †eªK K‡l w`‡jb| G‡Z MvwowU c_Pvixi 2m
mvg‡b G‡m †_‡g †Mj| Mvwoi Z¡iY KZ wQj? [P.†ev. 2004]
v = u + 2as
2 2
MvwowUi Avw`‡eM, u
ev, 0 = (20)2 + 2a × 40 = 72 kmh−1
ev, 0 = 400 + 80a =
ev, 80a = − 400 = 20 ms−1
a = Mvwoi †kl †eM, v

= − 5ms−2 = 0 ms−1
DËi : Mvwoi Z¡iY wQj − 5ms−2 Mvwoi AwZµvš ﾏ `ﾁ iZ¡, s = (42−2)m
= 40m
Mvwoi Z¡iY, a =?
mgm¨v : 2| GKwU Mvwo 20 ms−1 †eM wb‡q P‡j 6 †m‡K‡Ê 147m ` ﾁ iZ¡
AwZµg Kij| MvwowUi Z¡iY I †kl †eM wbY©q Ki| (Kz.†ev. 2005)
S = ut + at2 Mvwoi Avw`‡eM, u = 20 ms−1
ev, 147 = 20 × 6 + a × (6) 2
mgq, t = 6 s
ev, 147 = 120 + a × 36 miY, s = 147m
Z¡iY, a = ?
†kl‡eM, v = ?
ev, 147 = 120 + 18a
ev, 147 −120 = 18a
ev, 18a = 27
∴ a = = = 1.5 ms−2
Avevi,
V = u + at
= 20 + 1.5 × 6
= 20 + 9 = 29 ms−1
DËi : Mvwoi Z¡iY 1.5 ms−2 Ges †kl‡eM 29 ms−1
mgm¨v : 3| GKwU e›`yK n‡Z 1ms−1 †e‡M 10gm f‡ii GKwU ey‡jU
†Quvov nj| e›`y‡Ki fi hw` 2 kg nq Z‡e Gi cðvr †eM KZ n‡e ? (P.†ev.
Õ99 ; Kz.†ev. 2001)
mgvavb: Abykxjbxi MvwYwZK mgm¨v 11bs Gi Abyiƒc|
cÖkœ : 4| 60kg f‡ii GKwU e¯‘ 20ms−1 †e‡M mij c‡` Pj‡Z Pj‡Z 140kg f‡ii
GKwU w¯’i e¯‘i mv‡_ av°v †L‡q Pj‡Z ïi“ Kij| wgwjZ e¯‘Ø‡qi †eM
wbY©q Ki| (Xv.†ev. h.†ev. 2000)
mgvavb: MvwYwZK mgm¨v Abykxjbx 9bs-Gi Abyiƒc|
mgm¨v : 5| 72mh−1 †e‡M Pjš ﾏ GKwU †ij Mvwo‡K †eªK K‡l 50s-G
_v‡gv‡bv nj| MvwowUi AwZµvš ﾏ `ﾁ iZ¡ KZ ? (P.†ev. 2006; iv.†ev. 2000;
2005)
mgvavb: MvwYwZK mgm¨v Abykxjbx 3bs Gi Aybyiƒc|
mgm¨v : 6| GKwU †Uªb 40kmh−1 †eM Pj‡Q| Dnv‡K †eªK cÖ‡qvM K‡i
30 †m‡K‡Û _vgv‡bv nj Gi g›`b KZ ?
(h : †evt Õ99 ; Kzt †evt, Pt †evt, ivt †evt Õ99; wm.†ev. 2003)
mgvavb: †Ìqv Av‡Q, Avw` †eM, u = 40kmh−1
= =
∴ u = 11. 11ms−1
†kl †eM, v = 0 [∴MvwowU _vgv‡bv n‡q‡Q ]
cwigvc 76
mgq, t = 30s
awi, g›`b, a
Avgiv Rvwb, g›`b =
∴ a =
GLb (i) mgxKi‡Y
Dc‡ii gvb¸wj ewm‡q cvB,
a = = = 0.37ms−2 ∴ g›`b = 0.37ms−2.
mgm¨v : 7| 9.1 × 10−13kg f‡ii GKwU w¯’i B‡jKUª‡bi Dci 2 × 10−16N ej 10−9s
a‡i KvR K‡i| GB mgq †k‡l B‡jKUª‡bi †eM KZ n‡e wbY©q Ki| (ht
†evt 2000 ; 2001)
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, v = u + at
GLv‡b Z¡iY a ARvbv wKš‘ f = †Ìqv Av‡Q,
ma fi, m = 9.1 × 10−31kg
ev, a = = Avw` †eM, u = Oms−1
= 21.197 × 1014ms−2 ej, F = 2× 10−16N
GLb v = u + at mgq, t = 2 × 10−9s
= 0 + 2.197 × 1014ms−2 × 10−9s awi †kl †eM, v
= 2.197 × 105ms−1
∴ B‡jKUª‡bi †eM 2.197 × 105ms−1
Ans.
mgm¨v : 8| 40 kg f‡ii GKwU e¯‘ 20 ms−1 †e‡M mijc‡_ Pj‡Z Pj‡Z 160 kg f‡ii
GKwU w¯’i e¯‘i mv‡_ av°v †L‡q GK‡Î Pj‡Z ïi“ Kij| wgwjZ e¯‘i †eM
mgvavb:
awi, †Ìqv Av‡Q,
e¯‘ `ywUi wgwjZ †eM v1 cÖ_g e¯‘i fi, m1 = 40 kg
fi‡e‡Mi msi¶Y m ﾁ Î n‡Z cvB, wØZxq e¯‘i fi, m2 = 160 kg
m1u1 + m2u2 = v (m1 + m2) cÖ_g e¯‘i Avw`‡eM, u1 = 20 ms−1
ev, 40 × 20 + 160 × 0 = v (40 + 160) wØZxq e¯‘i Avw`‡eM, u2 = 0
ev, v = ms−1 v=?
= 4ms−1
∴ e¯‘ `ywUi wgwjZ †eM 4ms−1 (Ans.)
mgm¨v : 9| 200N GKwU ej 100kg f‡ii GKwU w¯’i e¯‘i Dci 4 †m‡KÛ a‡i
wµqv K‡i| e¯‘wUi †eM KZ n‡e? (h.†ev. 2003)
v = u + at fi m = 100 kg
GLv‡b Z¡iY a ARvbv, ej F = 200 N
wKš‘ f = ma Avw` †eM, u = Oms−1
ev a = mgq, t = 4 sec
= ms−2 †kl †eM, v = ?
−2
= 2 ms
GLb v = (0 + 2 × 4) ms−1
= 8 ms−1
DËi : e¯‘wUi †eM n‡e 8ms−1
ˆbe©¨w³K
cÖ‡kœvËi
Abykxjbxi eû wbe©vPbx cÖ‡kœvËi : mwVK DËiwUi cv‡k wUK (√)
wPý `vI|
1. †KvbwU †f±i bq? cÖ‡kœvËi
(m. †ev. Õ98)
1| w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K mylg Z¡i‡Y
K. miY ✓ L. `ª“wZ
M. †eM N. Z¡iY Pj‡Z _vKv †Kvb e¯‘i †¶‡Î
2. †KvbwU †¯‹jvi bq? †KvbwU mwVK bq? [iv.†ev.
(iv.†ev. 2001; 2004; h.†ev. Õ99) 2000]
K. KvR L. kw³ K. v ∝ t L. v ∝ s
M. fi ✓ N. IRb M. s ∝ t2
✓ N. v ∝ r (s)
3. wbw`©ó w`‡K 2| †KvbwU †¯‹jvi bq? [iv.†ev.
cvwicvwk¦©‡Ki mv‡c‡¶ e¯‘i 2004;Xv.†ev. 2002]
Ae¯’v‡bi cwieZ©b‡K wK e‡j? ✓ K. ìZ¡ L. `ª“wZ
(ewi. †ev. 2001) M. fi N. Pz¤^KZ¡
✓ K. miY L. `ª“wZ 3| ¯•›`b MwZi w`K KqwU?
M. †eM N. Z¡iY P.†ev. 2000]
4. †KvbwU MwZi mgxKiY bq? K. 1 L. 2
[Xv.†ev. 2000; P.†ev. 2000] ✓ M. 3 N. 4
K. s = ut + at2 L. v = u + at 4| 0 0
†mjwmqvm ZvcgvÎvq
M. v2 = u2 + 2as ✓N. s = t evqy‡Z cÖwZ †m‡K‡Û k‡ãi
5. e‡ji gvÎv †KvbwU ? †eM KZ wgUvi?
(iv.ev. 2006; P.†ev. 2005; ewi. †ev. 2004; ✓ K. 332 wgUvi L. 333 wgUvi
2002; Xv.†ev. 2006; 2001; m.†ev.
M. 334 wgUvi N. 335 wgUvi
Õ98; wm.†ev. 2003)
5| wb‡Pi †Kvb&wU MwZi mgxKiY
K. MLT − 1 L. ML2T − 1 wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv hvq?
M. M LT
2
✓ N. MLT − 2 [h.†ev. 2000]
6. †KvbwU cÖwZcv`b m¤¢e? K. v = u + at2 L. y = at2
(Kz.†ev. 2001; Xv.†ev. 2006; M. a = ✓ N. v2= −2as
2000) 6| †Kvb&wU MwZi mgxKiY bq?
K. cÖ_g mÎ †_‡K wØZxq mÎ [h.†e. 2005; Kz. †ev. 2000]
L. wØZxq mÎ †_‡K fi‡e‡Mi K. v = u + at L. s = ut + at2
msi¶Y mÎ M. u = v + 2as ✓ N. s = ut + 2at2
2 2
M. Z…Zxq mÎ †_‡K cÖ_g mÎ 7| KZ mv‡j m¨vi AvBR¨vK wbDUb

✓ N. Z…Zxq mÎ †_‡K fi‡e‡Mi Zvi Agi MÖš’ Òwd‡jv‡mvwdqv
msi¶Y mÎ| b¨vPvivwjm wcÖwÝwcqv
g¨v_‡gwUKvÓ †Z MwZi mÎ
wZbwU cÖKvk K‡ib?
AwZwi³ [h. †ev. 2000]
ˆbe©¨w³K A_ev, m¨vi AvBR¨vK wbDUb KZ
cwigvc 78
mv‡j e¯‘i fi MwZ, I e‡ji g‡a¨ K. 4ms−2 L. −4ms−2

m¤•K© ¯’vcb K‡i wZbwU mÎ M. 6ms−2 ✓ N. −6ms−2
cÖKvk K‡ib?
✓ K. 1687 L. 1787 (e.†ev.
2003)
M. 1689 N. 1768
8| mg‡e‡M Pjgvb e¯‘i Z¡i‡Yi gvb
†Kvb&wU?
K. m‡e©v”P L. me©wbæ
[P.†ev. 2000]
✓ M. kb¨ N. g›`b
9| †Kvb e¯‘i †eM wØ¸Y n‡j Gi
MwZkw³ Kq¸Y n‡e?
K. wZb¸Y ✓ L. Pvi¸Y
M. Qq¸Y N. AvU¸Y
10| GKwU e¯‘i †eM 7s G 3ms−1 †_‡K
31ms−1 G DbœxZ nq| e¯‘wUi Z¡iY
KZ? [Xv. †ev. 2001;h.†ev. Õ99]
✓ K. 4ms−2 L. 3ms−2
M. 2ms −2
N. 5ms−2
11| ¸wj Qyuo‡j e›`yK‡K wcQ‡bi
w`‡K m‡i Avm‡Z †`Lv hvq| GB
NUbvwU †Kvb mÎ Øviv
e¨vL¨v Kiv hvq?
✓ K. fi †e‡Mi msi¶Y mÎ
[Kz.†ev. 2002]
L. kw³ wbZ¨Zvi mÎ
M. gnvKl© mÎ N. †KvbwU
ØvivB e¨vL¨v Kiv hvq bv
12| †Kvb&wU †f±i ivwk bq?
[P.†ev. Õ99]
K. miY ✓ L. KvR
M. IRb N. ej
13| `ywU †f±i ivwki gvb hw` 4 †m.
wg. Ges 3 †m. wg. nq Z‡e
Zv‡ì gaëZ©x †Kv‡Yi Dci
wbf©i K‡i †hvMd‡ji gvb n‡eÑ
[Xv.†ev. Õ99; iv.†ev. 2003;
ewi.†ev. 2003]
K. 1 †m. wg. L. 3 †m. wg.
M. 7 †m. wg.
✓ N. 1 †m.wg. †_‡K ïi“ K‡i 7 †m.wg.
ch©š †h †Kvb msL¨v
14| GKwU Mvwoi †eM 40 ms−1 †_‡K
mylgfv‡e n«vm †c‡q 5 s ci 10 ms−
1
nj| Mvwoi Z¡iY KZ?
[h.†ev. 2004; Xv.†ev. Õ99]
15| mg‡qi mv‡_ †Kvb e¯‘i Ae¯’v‡bi M. miY N. †eM

cwieZ©‡bi nvi‡K wK e‡j? 23| `ª“wZi gvÎv mgxKiY †KvbwU?
[Xv.†ev. 2001; h.†ev. 99] A_ev, †e‡Mi gvÎv †KvbwU?
✓ K. `ª“wZ L. MwZ [Xv.†ev. 2004; e.†ev. 2001]
M. †eM N. w¯’wZ ✓ K. LT−1 L. LT−2
16| †Kvb&wU †fŠZ ivwki gvÎv bq? M. MLT −1
M. ML−3
[Xv.†ev. Õ99] 24| ej †Kvb& ivwk?
K. L−1 L. MLT−1 [Kz.†ev. 2000]
L. ML2T−2 ✓ N. ML−1T K. †gŠwjK ivwk L. †¯‹jvi ivwk
17| fi‡e‡Mi gvÎv mgxKiY ✓ M. †f±i ivwk M. †Kvb ivwk bq
†KvbwU? 25| wb‡Pi †KvbwU †f±i ivwk?
[h.†ev. 2005; wm.†ev. 2004;Xv.†ev. [iv. †ev. Õ06; Õ02;Xv.†ev.
2002; e. †ev. 2002, 2001; P.†ev. Õ04]
2001;Kz. Õ99; iv.†ev. 2006; 2003] K. miY L. Z¡iY
✓ K. MLT−1 L. ML2T−1
M. †eM ✓ N. Dc‡ii me¸‡jvB
M. M2LT N. MLT−2
26| GKwU e¯‘ gy³fv‡e co‡Z _vK‡j
18| i‡KU Dr‡¶c‡Yi †¶‡Î †Kvb mÎ
KvR K‡i? ZLb Zvi Z¡iY KZ?
[iv. †ev. 2002; Xv.†ev. Õ99] K. 9.0m/s K. 9.8 m/s3
K. wbDU‡bi MwZi cÖ_g mÎ ✓ M. 9.8 m/s 2
M. 9.8 m/s4
L. gnvKl© mÎ 27| wbDU‡bi cÖ_g mÎ †_‡K
M. kw³i wbZ¨Zv mÎ KqwU wel‡qi aviYv cvIqv
✓ N. fi‡e‡Mi msi¶Y mÎ ev hvq?
wbDU‡bi 3q mÎ ✓ K. `ywU L. wZbwU
19| GKwU e¯‘i †eM 9s G 9ms−1 †_‡K M. PviwU N. cuvPwU
45ms−1 G DbœxZ nq| e¯‘wUi 28| †_‡g _vKv evm nVvr Pj‡Z ïi“
Z¡iY KZ? [Xv.†ev. 2003; Ki‡j evm hvÎx †cQ‡bi w`‡K †n‡j
Kz.†ev. 2001] covi KviY wK?
K. 36ms−1 L. 36ms−2 ✓ K. w¯’wZ RoZvi Kvi‡Y
M. 4ms −1
✓ N. 4ms−2 L. MwZ RoZvi Kvi‡Y
20| MwZi Rb¨ †KvbwU mZ¨? M. fi AcwiewZ©Z _v‡K e‡j
[iv.†ev. 2006; 2001] N. Mvwoi K¤•‡bi Kvi‡Y
K. v ∝ at L. s ∝ t 29| e‡ji GKK †KvbwU?
✓ M. v ∝ N. s ∝ ✓ K. wbDUb L. fi
21| 10N ej ej‡Z †evSvq †mB ej hv− M. AvM© N. kgm−1
[Kz.†ev.2002] 30| 20kg f‡ii GKwU e¯‘i Ici KZ ej
K. 5kg f‡ii Dci wµqv K‡i 2ms−2 Z¡iY cÖhy³ n‡j Z¡iY n‡e 2ms−2? [Kz.†ev.
m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i 2006; iv.†ev. 2006; 2001]
✓ L. 1kg f‡ii Dci wµqv K‡i 10ms−2 Z¡iY ✓ K. 40N L. 10N
m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i M. 18N N. 22N
M. 10kg f‡ii Dci wµqv K‡i 2ms−2 Z¡iY 31| wb‡Pi †KvbwU †f±i ivwk?
m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i [iv.†ev. 2006; h.†ev. 2002]
N. Dc‡ii me¸‡jv| K. Zwor wefe L. NbZ¡
22| mg‡qi mv‡_ e¯‘i Amg‡e‡Mi M. †PŠ¤^K‡gi“ ✓ N. Pz¤^KZ¡
cwieZ©‡bi nvi‡K wK e‡j? 32| wb‡æi †Kvb mgxKiYwU miY,
[e. †ev. 2001] Z¡iY I †kl †e‡Mi g‡a¨ m¤•K©
✓ K. Z¡iY L. g›`b wb‡`©k K‡i? (h.†ev. 2006;
cwigvc 80
2002) mylgfv‡e n«vm †c‡q 8S c‡i 11ms−1

✓ K. v2 = u2 + 2asL. s = ut + at
2
nq| MvwowUi Z¡iY KZ?
M. v = u + at N. s = t (iv.†ev. 2005; h.†ev. 2004; Xv.†ev. 2003)
33| mg‡qi mv‡_ †Kvb e¯‘i Ae¯’v‡bi K. 2ms−2 ✓ L. −2ms−2
cwieZ©b NU‡j Zv‡K wK ejv M. 2ms −1
N. −2ms−1
nq? 42| c`v‡_©i RoZvi cwigvc wK?
K. w¯’wZ ✓ L. MwZ (Xv.†ev. 2005; iv.†ev. 2006; 2003; P.†ev.
M. cig w¯’wZ N. cÖm½e¯‘ 2005; 2003)
34| †eM n«v‡mi nvi‡K wK e‡j? K. ej ✓ L. fi
K. `ª“wZ L. fi‡eM M. MwZ N. w¯’wZ
M. mg`ª“wZ ✓ N. g›`b 43| 100 kg f‡ii GKwU e¯yi Dci KZ ej
35| †e‡Mi †¶‡Î †KvbwU mwVK? cÖ‡qvM Ki‡j Gi Z¡iY 3ms−2 n‡e?
K. ïay gvb Av‡Q ✓ L. (iv.†ev. 2001; wm.†ev. 2003)
gvb I w`K Av‡Q K. 100 N L. 500 N
M. ïay w`K Av‡Q N. gvb bvB, ✓ M. 300 N N. 150 N
w`K Av‡Q 44| 72 kmh−1 †e‡M Pjš GKwU
36| wbDU‡bi MwZ welqK †Kvb Mvwo‡Z 4 †m‡KÛ hveZ 1.5ms−2
m‡Î ej I RoZv m¤•‡K© ejv Z¡iY cÖ‡qvM Kiv nj| MvwowUi
n‡q‡Q? (Kz.†ev. 2005; h.†ev. 2004; †kl †eM KZ? (P.†ev. 2003)
P.†ev. 2002) ✓ K. 20ms−1 L. 26ms−1
✓ K. cÖ_g m‡Î L. wØZxq m‡Î M. 39ms−1 N. 3.9ms−1
M. Z…Zxq m‡Î N. wØZxq I Z… 45| wbDU‡bi wØZxq mÎ †_‡K
Zxq m‡Î wK‡mi avibv cvIqv hvq?
37| wbDU‡bi MwZ welqK †Kvb (h.†ev. 2004; Kz.†ev. 2005; P.†ev. 2003)
mÎ‡K fi‡e‡Mi mÎ ejv nq? K. e‡ji cwigvc L. e‡ji msÁv
K. 1g mÎ‡K ✓ L. 2q mÎ‡K M. e‡ji wµqv I cÖwZwµqv
M. 3q mÎ‡K N. 2q I 3q mÎ‡K ✓ N. fi †e‡Mi msÁv
38| †h cwigvY ej 1 kg f‡ii †Kvb e¯‘i 46| w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K mylg Z¡i‡Y
Ici wµqv K‡i 1ms−2 Z¡iY m„wó Pjgvb e¯‘i †¶‡Î wb‡æi †Kvb
Ki‡Z cv‡i Zv‡K wK e‡j? gvcwU mwVK? (iv.†ev. 2005;
K. 1 WvBb ✓ L. 1 wbDUb h.†ev. 2003)
M. 1 cvDÛvj N. 1 Ryj ✓ K. S ∝ t2 L. S ∝
39| Pjš evm nVvr †eªK Ki‡j M. ν ∝ N. ∝ t
hvÎxiv mvg‡bi w`‡K Suy‡K c‡o 47| wb‡æi †KvbwUAvw`K
†Kb? ivwk? (h.†ev. 2003)
✓ K. MwZ RoZvi Kvi‡Y ✓ K. ìZ¡ L. IRb
L. w¯’wZ RoZvi Kvi‡Y
M. fi‡eM N. †PŠ¤^K
M. fi AciewZ©Z _v‡K e‡j
ZxeªZv
N. Mvwoi K¤•‡bi Kvi‡Y
48| GKwU e¯‘i 2kg Ges Gi
40| 15kg f‡ii †Kvb e¯‘i Dci 105N ej Avw`‡eM 5ms−1| 3 †m‡KÛ c‡i
cÖhy³ n‡j Zvi Z¡iY KZ n‡e? e¯‘wUi †eM 8ms−1 n‡j e¯‘wUi ej
(P.†ev. 2005; Xv.†ev. 2002) KZ? (Kz.†ev. 2003)
K. 7ms−1 L. −7ms−2 K. 1 N ✓ L. 2 N
M. −7ms −1
✓ N. 7ms−2 M. 3 N N. 4 N
41| GKwU Mvoxi †eM 27ms−1 †_‡K 49| '∆' †WÎv cÖZxKwU '∆' Gi
c‡i ¯’vwcZ ivwkwUi wK [P.†ev. 2005]

wb‡`©k K‡i? K. s = ut + L. v2 = u2+ 2as
(iv.†ev. 2003)
M. = ✓ N. a = ut
K. mgq L. ìZ¡
54| 30kg fi wewkó g„mY Uwj‡Z
M. GKK ✓ N. cwieZ©b
50| †Kvb e¯‘i Dci cÖhy³ ej aª“e 90N ej cÖ‡qvM Kiv n‡j Gi Z¡iY
_vK‡j Gi I Z¡i‡Yi m¤•K© wK KZ n‡e? [wm.†ev. 2005]
n‡e? (Kz.†ev. 2003) ✓ K. 3ms−2 L. 27ms−2
✓ K. fi, hZ Kg n‡e Z¡iY ZZ †ewk M. ms−2 N. 7ms−2
n‡e 55| †Kvb&wU †f±i ivwk?
L. fi hZ Kg n‡e Z¡iY ZZ Kg n‡e [Kz.†ev. 2004,
M. ei hZ †ewk Z¡ib ZZ †ewk n‡e 2006]
N. f‡ii mgvb Z¡iY n‡e| K. NbZ¡ ✓ L. †PŠ¤^K
51| `ywU †f±i ivwki gvb hw` 4m ZxeªZv
Ges 3m nq Z‡e Gi †hvMd‡ji M. kw³ N. Av‡cw¶K ¸i“Z¡
me©wbæ gvb KZ n‡e? (e.†ev. 56| GKwU wc¯j †_‡K 5kms−1 †e‡M
2003)
5g f‡ii GKwU ¸wj †Qvuov nj|
✓ K. 1m L. 7m
M. 25m N. 5m. wc¯‡ji fi hw` nq 1 kg, Gi cðvr
52| Avw`‡eM, miY, Z¡iY I †eM KZ? [Kz.†ev. 2004]
MwZKv‡ji mgxKiY †KvbwU? ✓ K. −25ms−1 L. −5ms−1
[h.†ev. 2006] M. −50ms−1 N. 50ms−1
K. v = u + at ✓ L. s = ut + 57| MwZi mgxKiY KqwU?
[wm.†ev. 2004]
M. v2 = u2+ 2as N. s =
53| †KvbwU mwVK bq? ✓ K. 4wU L. 3wU
M. 2wU N. 5wU

GK BR I Cökœvewj: A A VQ

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

GK BR I Cökœvewj: A A VQ

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

A a¨vq

(ewi.†ev. 2003; Xv.†ev. 2005; A_ev, wbDU‡bi MwZi wØZxq m ﾁ ÎwU

†Kvb GKwU A_ev DfqB cv‡i|

A I B Gi ga¨eZx© b ﾁ¨bZg `ﾁ iZ¡ A_©vr G‡¶‡Î

wm. wR. Gm c×wZ‡Z Z¡i‡Yi GKK †mwg /

Gd. wc. Gm c×wZ‡Z Z¡i‡Yi GKK dzU / †m2.

`ª“wZ mylg `ª“wZi mgvb|

hLb GKwU e¯‘ mylg †e‡M P‡j ZLb

†mwU mgvb mg‡q mgvb ` ﾁ iZ¡

w`‡q ` ﾁ iZ¡-mgq †jL AuvK‡j †mwU wPÎ : `ﾁ iZ¡-mgq †jL

mgvb mg‡q mgvb ` ﾁ iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i bv|

cÖkœ : 14| Z¡i‡Yi GKK wK?

GLb Z¡iY wbY©‡qi Rb¨ GB †j‡Li Dci Y

†kl‡eM= v Ges Z¡iY = a

cÖkœ : 30| ej Kv‡K e‡j?

2000; Kz.†ev. 2003; P.†ev. 2005; wm.†ev. 2005)

ﾁ ‡ e© R¡vjvwb I i‡KU Df‡qi †eM k ﾁ b¨ _v‡K, Kv‡RB ZLb Zv‡`i fi‡e‡Mi

cÖkœ : 2| D`vni‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ †`LvI †h †f±i ivwki †hvM mvaviY exR

mvgvš ﾏ wiK Ges wÎfzR m ﾁ ‡ Îi mvnv‡h¨

cÖkœ : 6| `ﾁ iZ¡-mgq †jL †_‡K †eM wbY©‡qi c×wZ eY©bv Ki|

AwZµvš ﾏ `ﾁ iZ¡ S = PM cvIqv hvq|

wPÎ : `ﾁ iZ¡-mgq †jL

mgq †jL AuvK‡j †mwU eµ †iLv n‡e|

cÖwZ †m‡K‡Û 9.8m/sec K‡i evo‡Z _v‡K| DuPz †_‡K

Ges y A¶ eivei †eM (V) ¯’vcb Kiv nq| wPÎ : †eM-mgq

wPÎ : †eM-mgq †jL

GLb hw` e¯‘i Dci evwni †_‡K †Kvb ej cÖhy³ bv nq,

A_©vr †kl‡eM2 = Avw`‡eM2 + 2 × Z¡iY × miY GwUB wb‡Y©q m¤•K©|

5. GKK 5. m/sec, cm/sec, ft/sec. 5. m/sec2, cm/sec2, ft/sec2.

= .... .... .... (i)

DËi : Abykxjbxi iPbvg ﾁ jK 21bs cÖ‡kœvËi `ªóe¨|

mylg †e‡Mi †¶‡Î, Avgiv Rvwb, wØZxq wK‡jvwgUv‡ii †¶‡Î,

Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,

ev, a = ej, F = 1.82 × 10−16 N

ev, O = 10 + a × 50 = ms−1 = 10 ms−1

a = Mvwoi †kl †eM, v

M. Z…Zxq mÎ †_‡K cÖ_g mÎ 7| KZ mv‡j m¨vi AvBR¨vK wbDUb

mv‡j e¯‘i fi MwZ, I e‡ji g‡a¨ K. 4ms−2 L. −4ms−2

15| mg‡qi mv‡_ †Kvb e¯‘i Ae¯’v‡bi M. miY N. †eM

2002) mylgfv‡e n«vm †c‡q 8S c‡i 11ms−1

c‡i ¯’vwcZ ivwkwUi wK [P.†ev. 2005]

You might also like

M. Z…Zxq mÎ †_‡K cÖ_g mÎ 7| KZ mv‡j m¨vi AvBR¨vK wbDUb