SIFT

SIFT


SIFTScale Invariant Feature Transform


EM

SIFT


 -

etc
 :

()()

 :
 :

 :
 :

: 0
: 1
I
0 : P(0 |I)
I1 : P(1 |I)

P(0 ) P( I | 0 )
P(0 | I ) P(0 | I ) P(0 ) P( I | 0 )
P( I )
P(1 ) P( I | 1 ) P(1 | I ) P(1 ) P( I | 1 )
P(1 | I )
P( I )
 :

t-1 t



(x,y) : I(x,y,t)
t(x,y)

I ( x, y, t ) I ( x x, y y, t t )

I I I
I ( x, y, t ) I ( x, y, t ) x y t 2
x y t

I x I y I
0 I xu I y v I t 0
x t y t t

I x I y I
0 (u,v)
x t y t t



s(source),t(sink)
n-link

t-link
s,t
 - (n-link)

n-link
I :
(I p I q ) 2
1 Dist(p,q) : p,q
B p ,q exp :
2 2 dist ( p, q)

 - (t-link)

1 max
pP
B
q:{ p , q}N
p ,q
 - (t-link)

t-link{p,s} = (-lnPr(Ip|O)) O :
B :
t-link{p,t} = (-lnPr(Ip|B))


 DAEM

EM
ML

Why
 - SIFT

SIFT

SIFT


 SIFT

1.

2.


 SIFT : Laplacian-of-Gaussian

LoG
x,y
x 2 y 2 2 2 x2 y2
LoG f ( ) exp
2 6
2
2

LOG


SIFT : Laplacian-of-Gaussian
LOG : ()

=1 =4

=2 =8
 SIFT : Difference-of-Gaussian

LoG


DoG
 SIFT : DoGLoG

G
2G
G G( x, y, k ) G( x, y, )

k
G G( x, y, k ) G( x, y, )
G
2

k
(k 1) 22G G( x, y, k ) G( x, y, )
LoG DoG
SIFT : Difference-of-Gaussian
SIFT : Difference-of-Gaussian
SIFT : Difference-of-Gaussian
 SIFT : DoG

DoG
DoG
DoG26

DoG
 SIFT

1.

2.


 SIFT :

DoG

 SIFT :

H
Dxx Dxy
H
Dyy
D:DoG
Dxy
H,
,
 SIFT :

:Tr(H)
Det(H)
Tr ( H ) Dxx Dyy
Det ( H ) Dxx Dyy ( Dxy ) 2
=
Tr ( H ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( 1) 2

Det ( H ) 2

Tr(H)2/Det(H)

 SIFT :
Tr ( H ) 2 ( th 1) 2

th Det ( H ) th


 SIFT :

()
x=x,y,)TDoGD(x)
DT 1 T 2D
D( x) D x x x
x 2 x 2

x0

D 2 D
x 0
x x 2
 SIFT :

2D D

x x : ( x, y, )T
x 2 x
1
D
2
D
2
D
2
D
2
x 2x xy x x

D 2D 2D D
x y

xy y 2 y y
2 D
D 2D 2D
x y 2
 SIFT :

DoG 1 DT
D( x ) D x
2 x
| D( x ) |

 SIFT

1.

2.


 SIFT :

L(u,v)m(u,v)
(u,v)
m(u, v) f u (u, v) 2 f v (u, v) 2
f u (u, v)
(u, v) tan 1
fu (u, v) L(u 1, v) L(u 1, v)
f v (u, v)
fv (u, v) L(u, v 1) L(u, v 1)
 SIFT :

36
 SIFT :

3680%


 SIFT :

1

2

 SIFT

1.

2.


 SIFT :

 SIFT :

416
8
 SIFT :

4*4*8=128

 (RobHess)

Y X

(128)


SIFTLBG



 LBG

N={n1,n4}T
E={e12,e34}T
T
X
4 6
cost(T , X ) || ni ni || || e j e j ||
t x t x

i 1 j 1


TX

TX

cost(T , X ) min{cost(T , X i )}
i


:Costl
: Costg

Cost Costl (1 ) Costg

k-NN


(4)
(SH)
(HG)
(BK)
(VH)


3.2%


SIFT
PCA-SIFT :
BSIFT :
etc

SIFT8001000ms (myPC)
SURF(SpeededUpRobustFeatures)

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