jif{ #, c+s #*,
;/sf/ ;}lgs zf;gsf] cEof;df M u'?
sf7df8f} F . PsLs[ t g] s kf
dfcf]jfbLsf :yfoL ;ldlt ;b:o b]j
u'?n] ;/sf/ ;+ljwfg;ef e u/]/
/fi6kltsf] gfddf ;}lgs zf;g
nufpg] if8\oGqdf /x]sf] atfpg'ePsf]
5 . laxLaf/ ;'/Iff kl/ifb\n] h]7 !%
ut] u0ftGq lbj;df dfcf]jfbLn]
hgtfsf] ;+3Lo u0ftGqfTds ;+ljwfg
;fj{hlgs ug{] sfo{qmdnfO{ lx+;fTds
x'g;Sg] eGb} ;a} ;'/Iff lgsfonfO{
tof/ /xg] lbPsf] lgb]{zgnfO{ g]tf
u'?n] ;}lgs zf;gsf] cEof; ePsf]
l6Kk0fL ug{'ePsf] 5 . ;/sf/sf]
;+ljwfg;ef e u/]/ ;}lgs zf;g
nufpg] cEof; xf] of] lg0f{ o
hg;~rf/ cleofgsf] ;fIffTsf/df
g]tf u'?n] eGg'eof] ;+ljwfg;efdf
;xdltaf6 Dofb gylkP hg:t/af6 ;/sf/ M k|efs/
sf7df8f} F . PsLs[ t g] s kf
dfcf]jfbLsf kf]ln6Ao'/f] ;b:o hgfb{g
zdf{ k|efs/n] !$ h]7;Dd /fhgLlts
;xdlt eP/ ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb
gylkP d'ns ' df hg:t/af6} ax';/sf/
lgdf{0f x'g] r]tfjgL lbg'ePsf] 5 .
/fhwfgLdf cfof]lht ;fIffTsf/
sfo{qmddf g]tf zdf{n] c/fhstfdf
d'ns
' km:g'cl3 g} ;xdtLo k|0ffnL
ckgfpg'kg]d{ f ;d]t hf]8 lbg'eof] . olb
;xdtLo k|0ffnL sfod ePg eg] h]7
!% ut]kl5 b]z ax';/sf/lt/ hfG5,
oxL ;/sf/sf sf/0f ;a}n] cfcfgf
;/sf/ u7g ug{5g\ g]tf zdf{n]
eGg'eof], of] ;a} s'/fsf] bf]ifL jt{dfg
;/sf/ x'g5] . t/, dfcf]jfbLn] k"j3{ f]lift
d'2f Pp6}, cfb]z km/skm/s
sf7df8f}F . P]gf/f :jfoQ /
:jtGq lgsfosfkdf :yflkt k|; ] To;}u/L uf]ljGb cfrfo{, ;+uLtf
sfplG;n g] k fnsf ;Dk" 0 f{
;b:oxnfO{ ;+ r f/dGqL z+ s /
kf]v/]nn] u}/sfg'gLkdf x6fPkl5
To;lj?4 ;jf]R{ r cbfntdf k/]sf
l/6 lgj]bgdf cbfntn] km/s km/s
cfb] z hf/L u/] s f] 5 . k| ] ;
sfplG;nsf ;b:o xl/uf] l jGb
n' O 6] n n] bfo/ u/] s f] l/6df
;jf] { R rf/f hf/L cfb] z df l/6
lgj]bgsf] clGtd 6'+uf] gnfu];Dd
ljkIfL ;"rgf tyf ;+rf/ dGqfnosf]
ldlt @)^& a}zfv ( ut]sf] cjsfz
lbg] lg0f{o sfof{Gjog gug'{ gu/fpg'
/ ;f] kbdf cGo JolQmnfO{ lgo'lQm
lg/Lx /fi6 a}+s Oltxf;sf] kfgfdf lgisif{xLg jftf{x
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn]
;/sf/L :jfldTjsf g]kfn a}s + / /fli6o
jfl0fHo a} + s sf] k| d ' v sfo{ s f/L
clws[tsf] clxn];Ddsf] 5gf]6 k|lqmof
/2 ub}{ o;;DaGwL ;a} sfd ljZj
a}s+ nfO{ ;'Dk]sf] 5 . ;f]daf/ a;]sf]
a}s
+ ;~rfns ;ldltn] b'j} a}s + df
k|d'v sfo{sf/L 5gf]6df xfn;Dd
ePsf ;Dk"0f{ k|lqmof /2 ug{] lg0f{o
u/]sf] xf] . g]kfn a}s + sf xsdf eg]
k|dv ' sfo{sf/L 5gf]6 clGtd r/0fdf
k'u/] /2 ul/Psf] of] bf];f| ] k6s xf] .
/fi6 a} + s / ljQLo If] q ;' w f/
sfo{qmdcGtu{t cfly{s ;xof]u
ul//x]sf ljZj a}s + / a]nfotL ;xof]u
lgof]u l8PkmcfO8Lsf] dt}Sotf
gePsf sf/0f k|dv ' sfo{sf/L 5gf]6
ug]{ lhDdf ljZj a}s + nfO{ lbOPsf]
atfOPsf] 5 . ueg{/ 8f= o'j/fh
@)^& ;fn h]7 ( ut] cfOtaf/ (May 23, 2010)
/x] s f c? bnn] cfgf] k| : tfj
;fj{hlgs ul/;s]sf 5g\ . xfdLn]
u/]sf lyPgf}F . c? bnn] ;fj{hlgs
ubf{ cfklQ gx' g ] . dfcf] j fbLn]
-afF s L & k] h df_
:jfoQ u0f/fHox sfof{Gjog ug{ jf
gug]{ tyf s;n] ;/sf/ 3f]if0ff ug{5g\
eGg] af/]df rflxF s]xL klg atfpg'
ePg . d}n] b]z c/fhstflt/ hfG5
eGg] ;+st] u/]sf] x'F g]tf zdf{n] eGg'eof],
olb ;xdlt ePg eg] h]7 !$ kl5
hgtfn] zf;g ;Qfsf nflu gofF :6]k
-afF s L & k] h df_
gug'{ gu/fpg' eGg] pNn]v 5 .
nfdf, bfdf]b/k|;fb bjf8L / /fdl/emg
ofbjn] bfo/ u/]sf] l/6 lgj]bgdf
cfOtjf/ ;jf]R{ r cbfntn] cGtl/d
cfb]zdf 5nkmn ug{ ldlt @)^&
h]7 !* ut] pkl:yt x'g ljkIfL
lemsfpg] cfb]z lbPsf] 5 . o;/L
Pp6} ldltdf ;/sf/n] x6fPsf k|; ] ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb ;lsg} nfUbf
sfplG;n ;b:on] ;jf]R{ rdf bfo/
u/]sf] d'2fdf ;jf]R{ raf6} km/skm/s
k|sl[ tsf] cfb]z cfpg'n] hlt Gofolwz
TolQ ;jf]R{ r cbfnt t xf]Ogg\ eGg]
cfz+sf hlGdPsf] 5 . o;n] ;jf]R{ rn]
lbg] Gofo sfg'g / ljlwsf cfwf/df
-afF s L clGtd k] h df_
vltj8fn] b'j} a}s+ sf] k|dv
' sfo{sf/L
5gf]6 ug{ clwsf/ ljZj a}s + nfO{
lbOPsf] :jLsf/ u/] . vltj8fn] k|dv '
sfo{sf/L 5gf]6sf] clwsf/ lsg ljZj
a}s
+ nfO{ lbOPsf] eGg] af/]df eg] s]xL
v'nfpg rfx]gg\ . ueg{/ vltj8fn]
o;;DaGwL hfgsf/L cy{dGqfnonfO{
lbOPsf] ;d]t atfP . o;af/]sf] ;Dk"0f{
lg0f{o ug{ clwsf/ ljZj a}s
lbOPsf] 5, ueg{/ vltj8fn] eg],
+ nfO{
oxL k|lqmofaf6 k|dv' sfo{sf/L 5fGg]
jf k'gM csf]{ k|lqmof ;'? ug{ eGg]
lg0f{o ca ljZj a}s + n] g} u5{ . b'j}
a}+sdf k|d'v sfo{sf/L 5gf]6df
anfb]zL gful/sx cu|:yfgdf
/x]kl5 g]kfnLxn] df}sf gkfPsf]df
ueg{/ vltj8f ;Gt'i6 lyPgg\ . 5gf]6
k|lqmofdf g]kfn a}+ssf k"j{k|d'v
sfo{sf/L clws[t cd]l/sL gful/s
zflGt / ;+ljwfgsf] a]xfn, s7\k'tnLx dfnfdfn
sf7df8f}F . /fi6kltsf] c;+jw} flgs
sbdkl5 ut jif{ PsLs[t g]skf
dfcf]jfbLn] ;/sf/n] g]tT[ j 5f8]/ pQm
sbddf gful/s ;jf]R{ rtfsf] kIfdf
v/f] kdf plqof] . dfcf]jfbLsf] o:tf]
/fi6 /fli6otf / gful/s k|ltsf] nufj
b]v/] nf]stGqsf] gfddf n'6sf] :ju{
:yflkt u/fpg rfxg] k|ltlqmofjfbL
k|ltqmflGtsf/L / oyfl:yltjfbLxsf]
xf]; u'd x'gk'Uof] / pgLx ljb]zL
k|es' f] ;xf/fdf Ps x'g k'u] . o;sf]
kl/0ffd :jod b]z s7k'tnL ;/sf/sf]
u7g x'g k'Uof] . ;+ljwfg;efsf]
lgjf{rgdf hgtfn] xb Dofb gfl3;s]sf]
n]an nufO{ 8lDk ul/Psf JolQmx
k'gM ;Nanfpg yfn] / ljb]zL k|ex' sf]
Ozf/fdf zflGt, ;+ljwfg / gful/s
;jf]{RrtfnfO{ s'Nrb} cl3 a9] .
ljb]zLsf] s7k'tnL agL u7g ePsf]
;/sf/n] Ps jif{df s'g} Pp6f ;x|fgLo
sfo{ ug{ ;s]g a? k"jf{wf/ ljsf;
eO;s] s f] zflGt, ;+ l jwfg /
dfs'g]sf] >L # sf] k
sf7df8f}F . ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb
Ps ;ftf afFsL /xFbf klg zflGt /
;+ljwfgsf] nflu s'g} kxn gu/]sf
k|wfgdGqL dfjs'df/ g]kfnn] cGtt
cfk"mn] >L # sf] e"ldsf cFufNg rfx]sf]
;+s]t b]vfPsf 5g\ . b]zdf bzjif]{
hgo' 4 / !( lbg] P] l txfl;s
hgcfGbf] n gaf6 k| f Kt ePsf]
pknlAw u'Dg] ;+3f/df k'lu;Sbf ;d]t
s'g} lrGtf / rf;f] glnPsf] jt{dfg
;/sf/ o; pknlAw ;dfKt kf/L
d'ns' df k'gM /f0ff zf;gsf] csf]{ k
nfb\g nfluk/]sf] tyf k|wfgdGqLsf]
cleJolQmnfO{ k' l i6 u/] s f] 5 .
cfk"m ;+ljwfg;efsf] kIfdf slxNo}
klg gePsf] / ;+ljwfg cs}{ tl/sfn]
agfpg ;lsg] cleJolQm lbFb} pgn]
d'ns ' nfO{ k'gM aGb lt/ ws]Ng] ;+st]
lbPsf 5g\ .
k|wfgdGqL dfwjs'df/ g]kfnn]
/f} t x6 hfg] a] n fdf lqe' j g
qm'uof{s Pln:6/, anfb]zL gful/s
P;Pd rf}w/L / Pcf/ /xdfg tyf
cGo g]kfnL pDd]bjf/x /x]sf lyP .
b'j} a}s
+ df !#!# hgf a}s + /n] k|dv '
sfo{sf/Lsf nflu cfj]bg u/]sf lyP .
of] ;Dk"0f{ k|lqmof /2 ug{ lg0f{o u/]
klg ca s] ug{ eGg] af/]df /fi6 a}s + k]ml/O/x], c8fg / zt{x s8f s8f
s]xL af]ns ] f] 5}g . oL a}s
+ df sfo{/t
sd{rf/Lxn] klg ;'wf/ sfo{qmdnfO{
lg/Gt/tf;Fu} g]kfnL a}+s/nfO{ g}
sfo{sf/L clws[tsf] lhDd]jf/L lbOg'kg]{
bafa lbO/x]sf 5g\ . of] lg0f{osf
af/]df /fi6 a}s + n] cflwsfl/s wf/0ff
;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 5}g . k"j{ueg{/
bLk]Gb|axfb'/ If]qLn] /fi6 a}s + sf] o;
lg0f{on] a}s + slt lg/Lx 5 eGg] k'li6
u/]sf] k|ltlqmof lbP . o; 36gfn]
/fi6 a}s+ sf] lg0f{o Ifdtfdfly k|Zg
-afF s L & k] h df_
d"No ?= %.
s7\kt' nL ;/sf/sf] Ps jif{
nf]stGqnfO{ gfd]b kfg{ p2t eof] .
Ps jif{cl3 k|wfgdGqL x'g' ePsf
dfwjs'df/ g]kfnn] ;ky u|x0f gu/L
b]zaf;Lsf] gfddf lbg'ePsf ;Gb]zdf
eg]sf lyP, d ljifj[If jf sNkj[If
s]xL xf]Og, dL7f] kmn lbg g;s] klg d
a6'jfnfO{ zLtn 5xf/L k|bfg ug]5 { '.
t/, ToxL zLtn 5xf/Lsf] cfzf u/]sf
cGt/f{ l i6 o ljdfg:yndf
kqsf/xl;t s' / f ub} { cfk" m
;+ljwfg;efsf] kIfd} g/x]sf] /
dfcf]jfbLnfO{ v'zL kfg{sf nflu dfq}
;+ l jwfg;efsf] kIfdf nfu] s f]
cleJolSt lbPsf 5g\ . pgn]
;+ljwfg;efafx]s cs}{ tl/sfn] klg
gofF ;+ljwfg agfpg ;lsG5 eGg]
;d]t atfPsf 5g\ . k|wfgdGqL
g]kfnsf] of] egfOn] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg
/ Joj:yflksf ;+ ; b\ Pj+ l;f]
;+ljwfg;efsf] 7f8f] alv{nfk u/]sf]
5 . o:tf ;+ l jwfglj/f] w L Pj+
;+ljwfg;ef lj/f]wL k|wfgdGqLnfO{
;+;b\n] t'?Gt avf{:t ug{ ;s]g eg]
g]kfnsf] ;+;bLo Oltxf;df of] Pp6f
3LgnfUbf] wAafsf kdf /lx/xg]
5 . ;+ljwfg;ef Joj:yflksfsf]
ax'dtaf6 lgjf{lrt k|wfgdGqL dfwj
g]kfnn] cfk"m ;+ljwfg;efsf] kIfdf
g/x]sf] atfpg' eg]sf] ;+ljwfg;efsf]
dfg xfgL ug]{ xf] . ;+;bLo Joj:yfdf
;xdltsf] gfddf w]/} jftf{x
eP, t/ ;a} lgZsif{ljxLg . jftf{x
slxNo} /f]lsPgg, olt w]/} jftf{ eP
sL ca jftf{sf] ;dfrf/ ;'Gbf klg
PnhL{ x'g] / lbSbf/ nfUg] l:ylt
alg;Sof] . ;xdlt ug]{ ;xdlt w]/}
eP . ;Qfwf/L bnsf af] n Lx
If]Kof:q ax;
lji0f' kGt
aGb} uP . ;]gf / ;'/Iff lgsfonfO{
pRr ;ts{ /fVg], ;'/Iff lgsfo /
;/sf/aLrsf uf]Ko a}7sx ug]{
h:tf o'4do ;dfrf/x w]/} cfP .
;Qfwf/L u7aGwg / ;/sf/ cfgf]
ld;g / clego k"/f ug{ b[9 5g\ .
pgLxsf] :ki6 ld;g xf] g]kfnL
;j{;fwf/0fn] dfwjs'df/ g]kfn
k|wfgdGqL ePb]lv g} lg/Gt/ kdf
aGb, x8\tfn / rSsfhfdsf] tftf] /fk
kfO/x]sf 5g\ . ljleGg ;+u7g / lxGb'
cltjfbLx h:tf ljleGg cfk/flws
;d"xn] b}lgs aGb, x8\tfn / rSsfhfd
ul//x]sf 5g\ . ljleGg /fhgLlts bn
/ ;+u7gxsf] o:tf ultljlw /
lqmofsnfksf sf/0f zflGt v]lk/x]sf
gful/sn] ;/sf/sf] pkl:ylt dx;';
ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ . k|wfgdGqL /
dlGqd08nsf ;b:ox eg] o:tf]
;+jb] gzLn cj:yfdf /fli6o ;xdltsf]
kxn u/L gofFF ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug]{ /
gful/snfO{ cdgrogsf ;fy zflGtsf]
;f; kms]{ ;Sg] jftfj/0f agfpgsf]
;f6f] ;fgf]ltgf] dfg;Ddfgsf] nflu
lhNnflhNnf bf}l8/x]sf 5g\ eg] csf]l{ t/
d'ns ' nfO{ sfn agfpFb} ljb]z e|d0f
ug]{ / e|i6rf/ u/L cs't ;Dklt cfh{g
ug{ / d'ns' nfO{ sfn agfpgdf tlNng
/x]sf 5g\ . @)^^ h]7 ( ut]
k|wfgdGqL hlxn] klg ;+;bk|lt
pQ/bfoL x'gk' b{5 . olb p;n] ;+;b\sf]
dfg xfgL / dfgdb{g u5{ eg] To:tf]
k|wfgdGqLnfO{ ;+ljwfg;efdf pEofP/
:ki6Ls/0f ;f]lwg'kb{5 / cfjZos
k/] cljZjf;sf] tTsfn cljZjf;sf]
k|:tfj NofO{ x6fpg'kg]{ x'G5 . s] xfd|f
;ef;b\xn] o:tf] ;+;bLo d"Nosf]
/Iff Pj+ ;+;b\sf] :jfledfg /Iffsf
nflu dfwj g]kfnnfO{ ;+ljwfg;efdf
pEofpnfg\ < s] Pdfn] ;dly{t
;ef;b\ ;'ef; g]Djfn] k|wfgdGqLnfO{
:ki6Ls/0f dfUnfg\ < of]rfFlx x]g{ afFsL
g} 5 . k|wfgdGqL g]kfn cfkm}nF ] eg]sf],
pgL o;cl3 ;+ljwfg;efsf] kIfdf
lyPgg\ /] ljutdf pgL s]s] kIfdf
lyP < of] s'/f t pgn] 1fg]Gb|nfO{ sfpG6/ ;~rfng ug{ dfu u/]sf
bfd /fv]/ 9f]u]sf] kmf]6f]n] g} :ki6
kf/] s } 5 . xf] , ljutdf pgL
;+ljwfg;efsf] kIfdf lyPgg\ . pgL
u0ftGqsf] kIfdf klg lyPgg\ .
-afF s L & k] h df_
qmflGtnfO{ k5fl8 ws]Ng] jf ;]6Jofs
v'jfpg] . kSs} klg jftf{ pgLxsf]
/0fgLlts bfpk]r dfq xf] . pgLx
ljleGg kf6L{, g]tf / ;d'xsf] gfddf
of]hgfj4kdf ljleGg sf8{x /
ts{x ofFs]/ dfcf]jfbL g]t[TjnfO{
lbzfxLg, cGof]nu|:t / csd{0o
agfpg rfxG5g . /fi6 k ltsf]
r' g fjkl5 g}
k|ltqmflGtsf/Lx
Pskl5 csf]{
u/L pT;flxt
/ cfqmfds
aGb} 5g\ olta]nf ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb
yKg] / gyKg] ljifodf w|'jLs/0f x'Fb}
hfFbf k]ml/ klg ;Qfwf/Lx a9L xf]ldg' k5{ .
pT;fxL / cfqmds aGg] lglZrt 5 .
e| d sf v] t Lx al9/x] s f 5g\ .
lj/f]wLx tk{msf] s]lGb|s/0f jf
w|'jLs/0f Hofb} tLj| ag]sf] l:ylt 5
k|wfgdGqL ePsf Pdfn] g]tf dfwjs'df/
g]kfnn] k|wfgdGqL ePsf ef]lnkN6
b]zaf;Lsf] gfddf u/]sf] ;Daf]wgdf
k|fyldstfsf tLg arg lbPsf lyP,
zflGt k|lqmof, ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f /
gful/snfO{ /fxt . t/, pgL k|wfgdGqL
ePb] l v clxn] ; Dd pgn] tL
k|fyldstfsf ljifonfO{ 5f8]/ pb\3f6g,
l;nfGof;, clegGbg, lg/LIf0f e|d0f,
ef]het]/ / /fi6sf] 9's6' L l/TofO
d'ns' nfO{ sfn agfpglt/ s]lGb|t
/x]sf] b]lvG5 . k|wfgdGqL ePb]lv g}
Pdfn] g]tf g]kfnn] x/]s sfo{qmddf
ul/g] efif0fdf klxnf] ;Daf]wgdf u/]sf]
tLg k|fyldstf, zflGt k|lqmof, ;+ljwfg
lgdf{0f / gful/snfO{ /fxt lbg] s'/f
ug{ eg] 5'6fPgg\ . k|wfgdGqL g]kfnn]
olt;Dd eg] ls cfg} u[x lhNnf
/f}tx6df ul/Psf] clegGbg sfo{qmddf
pgn] ljif lkpg;d]t tof/ /x]sf]
atfPsf lyP . t/, of] Ps jif{df pgn]
-afF s L & k] h df_
;' l jwf c;L
ljB'ts
vr{ tLg
k} o f s f] ,
xhf/
kj{t . b'u{d ufpFsf afl;Gbf
\ f] ;'ljwf kfP klg dx;'n
ltg{sf nflu xhf/f}F vr{g afWo
5g\ . ufpFdf dx;'n ltg{] Joj:yf
gx'Fbf xhf/f}F vr]{/ ;b/d'sfddf
/x]sf] g]kfn ljB't\ k|flws/0fsf]
sfof{ n odf cfpg' k /] s f] xf] .
blIf0fk"j{sf] 6snfs uflj;sf
afl;Gbf o:tf] ;d:ofdf k/]sf x'g\ .
uflj;sf sl/a !%) 3/kl/jf/nfO{
ljB't\ dx;'n a'emfpg ;b/d'sfd
cfpg'kg]{ afWotf 5 . ;b/d'sfd
s'Zdf ahf/af6 b'O{ lbgsf] k}bn
b"/L tyf Ps lbgsf] uf8Lsf] ofqfdf
k' l ug] 6snfs uflj;sf
;j{ ; fwf/0fn] ufpF d } df] a fOn
5g\ . 6snfs;Fu} blIf0fL zflnu|fd,
s' 3 f{ , n' ' b ] p /fnL,
afnfsf]6nufotsf uflj;af;L
xhf/f} F k} o fF vr{ ] / dx;' n
-afF s L clGtd k] h df_
eg] dfcf]jfbL tk{msf] s]lGb|s/0f l9nf]
ultdf ;Lldt 5 . pN6f]
cfdx8tfnsf] :jfut kl5sf kf6L{
g]tT[ jsf wf/0ff / ljrf/n] sfo{stf{df
pT;fx / ljZjf; yKg ;s]sf] 5}g .
Pskl5 csf]{ lg/f;fhgs ;dfrf/
dfq cfO/x]sf] jt{dfg kl/j]znfO{
lrg]{ ;zQm / ljZj;gLo sfo{qmd
Nofpg' h?/L 5 . kl/l:ylt olt
;+jb] gzLn 5 ls kl/l:yltnfO{ yk
/IffTds agfpFb} hfg] dfq xf] eg]
xfdL leq}af6 k|ltqmflGtsf] vt/f 5 .
g]tfx w]/} ax; / 5nkmn ug]{ /
To;d} clNemg] ;do of] xf]Og .
olta]nf ax;df x}g cfGbf]ngdf
cy{xLg jftf{ / 5nkmnaf6 w]/}
u'lh|g' x'bF g} . ;do / kl/l:ylt Hofb}
dxTjk"0f{, ;+jb] gzLn / r'gf}tLk"0f{
-afF s L clGtd k] h df_
2 @)^& ;fn h]7 ( ut] cfOtaf/
ltdL ltd|f] tl/sfn] n8, xfdL xfd|f] tl/sfn] n8\5f}
s= dfcf]T;] t'
jif{ #, c+s #*, h]7 ( ut] cfOtaf/ @)^&
;DkfbsLo
k|wfgdGqLn] dfkmL dfUg'k5{
;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb ;lsg} nfUbf k|wfgdGqL
dfwjs'df/ g]kfnn] cfk"m ;+ljwfg;efsf] kIfdf
gePsf] v'nf;f ug'n { ] pgL zflGt / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f
k|lt lhDd]jf/ x'g g;s]sf] k|i6 ePsf] 5 . bzjif]{
hgo'4 / !( lbg] P]ltxfl;s hgcfGbf]ngaf6 k|fKt
nf]stGqnfO{ ;+:yfut ug]{ d"No / dfGotfdf 7];
k'Ug] u/L k|wfgdGqLn] cleJolQm lbg' lgGbgLo 5 .
xf] k|wfgdGqL dfwjs'df/ g]kfnn] ;fFrf] eg]sf 5g\
pgL zflGt ;+ljwfg / cu|udgsf kIfkftL xf]Ogg
pgL t k| l tqmflGtsf/L, oyfl:yltjfbL /
k|ltudgsf/Lsf gfOs] x'g t/ pgn] lj;{g' gx'g]
s'/f s] lyof] eg] pgL clxn] g]kfnsf k|wfgdGqL
klg x'g\ . pgn] of] s'/f k|wfgdGqLsf] x}l;otn]
af]ns] f] xf] eg] t'?Gt g]kfnL hgtf ;dIf ;fj{hlgs
kdf dfkmL dfUg' k 5{ xf] O g k| l tqmflGtsf/L,
k|ltlqmofjfbL / k|ltudgsf/Lsf] gfOs]sf] kdf
af]ns ] f] xf] eg] s]xL eGg' 5}g To;sf] lx;fa lstfa
x/]s ;r]t gful/sn] /fVg] 5g / plrt ;dodf
hjfkm klg lbg]5g\ .
s7k'tnL k|wfgdGqL g]kfnsf] of] egfOn] cGtl/d
;+ljwfg Joj:yflksf ;+;b\ / l;+uf] ;+ljwfg;efsf]
vngfosxn] lhTg nfu]sf] o'4
sf] xf] Tof] dfwj h;n] dfcf]jfbLnfO{
;'wg| dfu u5{ s] dfcf]jfbL ;'lw|Psf]
;l6{lkms]6 oL s7k'tnL;Fu dfUg'k5{ .
dfcf]jfbL hgtfsf] kf6L{ xf] To;sf] kf;
dfq geP/ l8l:6g;g ePsf] ;l6{lkms]6
hgtfn] ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjdf hgtfn]
lbO;s]sf 5g\ . ;'lw|g] eg]sf] b]z j]r/]
ljb];Lsf] u'nfdL ug]{ xf] olb xf]Og{ eg]
dfcf]jfbLn] cfb]z lbg] clwsf/ g]kfnL
hgtf jfx]s c? s;}nfO{ 5}g\ . ;/sf/
clxn] slt dHHff;+u eGb}5 xfdL h]
eG5f} Tof] u/]dfq} ;xdtL x'G5 . s]
dfcf]jfbL Pdfn] sfu|; ] sf] eft[ ;+u7g
xf] <
;fob oltj]nf d}n] n]Vg'sf] s'g} cy{
5}g\ . cfh k|To]s ;r]t gful/sx
eGb}5 } g\ xfdL s:tf] g]kfndf kfGt/0f
x'g vf]Hb}5f} . :s'n] ljBfyL{ b]lv
lkog;Dd, lrof k;nb]lv l;xb/jf/
;Dd ,;8sb]lv ;bg;Dd,k|To]sn]
;f]Rb}5g / eGb}5g\ . h]7 !$ kl5
d'ns ' stftL/ hfG5 ,s] x'G5 g]kfndf .
dfcf]jfbLn] cfof]hgf u/]sf] Ps
sfo{qmddf Pshgf clwjQmfn] eg]sf]
d}n] slxn} glj;{g] ul/ lbdfudf s}b
u/]sf] 5' . g]kfndf ;+ljwfg ;efsf]
r'gfj x'gl] jlQs} tLgn] s'g} ;fj{hlgs
sfo{qmdf g]kfndf ;+ljwfg jGb}g sflkdf
l6k] x'G5 eg]sf lyP . geGb} cfhsf]
ldltnfO{ x]bf{ To:t} eof] . xfdL ;+ljwfg
ljlxg b]zsf gful/s jGb}5f} .s:tf]
lj8Djgf cfkm\g} :jledfgsf] /Iff ug{
g;Sg] x'b5 } f} xfdL . h'g;'s} rnlrqdf
klg gfossf] ljho x'g] u5{ t/ oxf
To;f] ePg oxf vngfosn] lhTb}g\ .
gfosxn] zfGtL / ;+ljwfg eGb}
;8sdf nfvf} hgtf;lxt k|bz { g
ub}5{ g\ . vngfosx dxndf j;]/
o'4sf] 3g3f]/ tof/L ub}5 { g\ . of] j]nf
sfo/tfsf] j]nf xfO{g\ ;do cfO{;s]sf]
5 df}gtfsf kvf{nx tf]8g\ k} 5{ . /
cfkm\gf] cledt hfx]/ ug}k5{ . tkfO{
s:sf] kIfdf lg0f{o ug]{ j]nf cfO;Sof],
zfGtLsf kIfdf ls o'4sf kIfdf,
;+ljwfgsf kIfdf ls lju7gsf kIfdf,
hgtfsf kIfdf ls ljb]zL bnfnsf
;ftfsf] ax;
s]zj/fh hf]zL cfsfz
kIfdf ,:jledfg / :jlwgtfsf kIfdf
ls cfTdf;d{k0fsf kIfdf of] j]nf
lg0ff{os j]nf klg xf] . clxn] g]kfnsf]
k/flhtxsf] em'08 ;/sf/ s] ub}5 { .
jf:tjd} cfvf k'm6]sf] sfgf] / sfg
k'm6]sf] jlx/f] ;/sf/ hgtfsf] ;+ljwfg
/ zfGtLsf] rfxfgfnfO{ eL/df nu]/ kmfNg
vfHb}5 . 1fg]lGb|o tfgzfx z}nLdf
hgtfsf rfxfgfnfO{ o'4d}bfgdf ws]n/]
dfg{ vf]Hb}5 . hgtfsf kl/jt{gsf
;kgfnfO{ lgd'6o\ fg kf/]/ hgtf lj?4
o'4 yf]kg{ {] b':;fx; ub}5 { . cfh b]z
s7k'tnL ;/sf/sf sf/0fn] clg0f{osf]
jGbL jGg k'us ] f] 5 . nfvf} hgtfxn]
s7k'tnL ;/sf/sf lj?4 cfGbf]ng ubf{
;d]t gtd:ts lglh{j jg]/ s'rL{s}
nflu gfuf] gfr b]vfpb} 5 . x'g t
/Qlkkfz' ck/flwxsf] hdft of]
;/sf/ hgtfaf6 lgjf{lrt ;/sf/ g}
xf]Og{ \ . cfh dfwj gfdsf bfgj k|jt[ L
jf]ss ] f hGt'n] cgf}7f} gf6s d~rg
ub}5{ g\ . / eGb}5g\ P dfcf]jfbL jftf{df
cfp < e x]bf{ lo lbzf klg ;kmf ug{
klg ghfGg] k'mRr] jf}nfP h:t} nfU5 <
Pp6f egfO{ klg 5 hj ls/f dg]{
cj:yfdf x'G5 ta ls/fsf] kv]6f
knfp5, clg gkfpg]n] kfof] rkfO{rkfO{
vfof] eGg] pvfg jt{dfg /f]uL k|wfgdGqL
;+u 7\ofSs} d]n vfG5 . hgtfsf]
cledt} gkfPsf bnfnx cfh
;j}eGbf j9L nf]stGqsf] JofVof ub}5{ g
/ jf}nfP/ jj{/fpb} lx8b}5g\ . b'lgofsf]
s'g nf]stGqdf 5 hxf xf/]sf] dfG5]n]
zf;g u/f]; . slx gePsf] nf]stGqsf]
JofVof ub}{ dfwjxn] nfvf} hgtfn]
/flhgfdf dfUbf klg /flhgfdf lbg
dfGb}gg\ . pN6} nfvf} hgtfsf] lk|o
dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;'wg| ] cfu|x u5{g\ . sf]
xf] Tof] dfwj h:n] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;'wg|
dfu u5{ s] dfcf]jfbL ;'lw|Psf] ;l6{lkms]6
lo s7k'tnL;+u dfUg'k5{ . dfcf]jfbL
hgtfsf] kfl6{ xf] To;sf] kf; dfq
geP/ l8l:6g;g ePsf] ;l6{lkms]6
hgtfn] ;+ljwfg ;efsf] r'gfjdf
hgtfn] lbO;s]sf 5g\ . ;'lw|g] eg]sf]
b]z j]r/] ljb];Lsf] u'nfdL ug]{ xf] olb
xf]Og{ eg] dfcf]jfbLn] cfb]z lbg] clwsf/
g]kfnL hgtf jfx]s c? s;}nfO{ 5}g\ .
;/sf/ clxn] slt dHHff;+u eGb}5
xfdL h] eG5f} Tof] u/]dfq} ;xdtL s]
dfcf]jfbL Pdfn] sfu|; ] sf] eft[ ;+u7g
xf] < xf] dfcf]jfbL dfcf]jfbL klg
;'gkflgn] wf]Psf] 5 eg]/ eGg
g;lsPnf . Pp6f ;To / tYo s] xf]
eg] clxn] g]kfnsf] kl/jt{gsf] cfzf
/ e/f];fsf] lbof] eg]sf] dfcf]jfbL g}
xf] . ev{/} dfq dfcf]jfbLn] hgcfGbf]ng
# cGt{utsf] ^ lbg] cfdx8\tfn ;fgbf/
kdf hg;d{yg ;lxt ;dkGg u/]sf]
5 . en] cfdx8\tfn /x/ geP/
jfWotf xf] . dfcf]jfbLn] nfvf}
hgtf;lxt k|bz { g ubf{ ;/sf/n] nfvf}
hgtfnfO{ sfo{stf{sf] ,;1f lbP . /
plgxn] ;8saf6 ;/sf/sf] lj/f]wn]
s]xL gx'g] xf:of:kb cleJoQmL JoQ
u/] . olb of] ;/sf/ hgtfsf] ;/sf/
xf] eg] ;/sf/df /x]sf ;j} bnn]
dfcf]jfbL eGbf j9L hgtfnfO{ ;/sf/sf]
;dy{gdf pqmfg ;S5g\ < d'n's
oltj]nf k7f/ cj:yfaf6 u'lh|/x]sf]
5 . c;fWo} ;+lug df]8d\ f b]z cl8Psf]
5 . hgtfsf] hgo'4 / hgcfGbf]ngsf
;kgfx oltj]nf tx;gx; x'g]
cj:yfdf 5g\ . ;xdtL,;xdtL / km]/L
klg ;xdtL cfjZos 5 t/ Tof]
;xdtLsf] ;/sf/n] df/] / >fb
ul/;s]sf] 5 . ;/sf/n] ;xdtLnfO{
aGw'sn] lg:t]h ug]{ b':;fx; ub}5 { .
;+ljwfg;efn] ;+ljwfg hf/L ug],{ \
zflGt ;Df}tfnfO{ tfls{s lgisif{df
k'ofpg], ;]gf ;dfof]hg u/L gofF
/fli6o ;]gf lgdf{0f ug]{, /fli6o
:jfwLgtfsf] /Iff ug]{ / b]znfO{ ;+3Lo
u0ftGqsf] d't{ k lbg] sfo{ef/ k"/f
ug'k{ g]{ lyof] . t/ cfh Tof] Ph]08f
cf]em]ndf kb}{ uPsf] 5 . b]zsf]
;a}eGbf 7"nf] bn x'gs' f] gftfn] cGtl/d
;+ljwfgcg'k dfcf]jfbLsf] g]tT[ jdf
/fli6o ;xdltsf] ;/sf/ agfpgdf ;a}
;+;bjfbL bnx ;xdt ePsf] eP
;fob d'ns ' n] jt{dfg hl6n l:ylt
Joxf]g'{kg]{ lyPg . sf\u|];Pdfn]
nufotsf ;+;bjfbL bnx Ps sbd
cl3 a9]/ cu|udgsf] Ph]08fnfO{
:jLsf/ ug{ rfFbg} g\ eg] dfcf]jfbLn]
klg hgtfdf hfg'jfx]ssf] csf]{ ljsNk
5}g\ . ca klg dfcf]jfbL ;xdtLsf
gfddf nrstfsf] k/sfi7f gfWg'xG' g .
kl/l:ylt w]/} cl3 al9;s]sf] 5 ,o'un]
km6\sf] dfl/;s]sf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLn] :d/0f
u/f]; ;lxbsf ;kgfx k'/f ug]{
cleofgdf cfk'mnfO{ b[9tfk'js { pEofpg}
k5{ . lsgsL dfcf]jfbL;+u s/f]8f} ul/a
hgtfsf ;kgfx ufl;Psf 5g\,
dfcf]jfbLn] ;lxbsf] /utsf] s;d vfP/
hgtfsf nflu n8\g] k|0f u/]sf] 5 .
k| l tlqmofjfbLxn] h] eg] k lg
dfcf]jfbLk|lt hgtfsf] ljZjf; 36]sf]
5}g j? s7k'tnL ;/sf/sf] w[l0ft
/j}ofn] dfcf]jfbLk|ltsf] ljZjf;nfO{ yk
gof prfO{df k'/o\ fPsf] 5 . s7k'tnL
;/sf/nfO{ klg /fd|f];+u yxf 5
dfcf]jfbL ljgf g ;+ljwfg aG5 ,gt
zfGtL g} x' G 5 t/ klg lsg
;xdtLaf6 efUb}5 ;/sf/ . ;/sf/df
/x]sfxn] cj j'emg'k5{ , ltdLx
cj TotLdfq u/ hlt ;S5f} gfnfos
;/sf/n] hgtflj?4 aGw's t]:of{pg]
d'vt{ f gu/] x'G5 , dfwjn] 1fg]Gb| jGg]
b':;fx; gu/] x'G5,. lsgsL hgtfx
oltj]nf rfg jlg;s]sf 5g\ .
hgtfsf] zlQmnfO{ dfwjsf ef8fsf
aGw'sxn] 9nfpg ;Sb}gg\ . clnstL
klg g}ltstf 5 eg] /flhgfdf lbP/
;xdtLsf] gofF af6f] vf]lnlgb'k5{ . xf]Og
eg] hgtfn] unxTofP/ nv]6g\ 5 ] g\ .
jfsL r]tfgf eof .
Friend.akash2009@gmail.com

7f8f] alv{nfk u/]sf] 5 . o:tf] zflGt ;+ljwfg lj/f]wL

/ ;+ljwfg;ef lj/f]wL k|wfgdGqLnfO{ ;+;b\n] t'?Gt
avf{:t ug'k{ 5{ . pgsf] ;ef;b kb /2 ug{ ;a}
/fhgLlts bnx Psh'6 x'gk' 5{ . ljb]zL k|es ' f]
cfzLjf{bdf ;/sf/sf] g]tT[ j ug{ k'us ] f dfs'g] ljutdf
klg /fhfnfO{ bfd /fv]/ 9f]Ug] clg ljlGtkq xfn]/
k|wfgdGqL k8\sfpg] nf]eL nfnrL / g}ltslxg JolQm
x'g eg]/ k'li6 ePs} xf] . nf]stGq;Fu} pgdf klg
;'wf/ cfof] / b]z lgdf{0fdf ;a};uF xft]dfnf] ub}{
cufl8 a9f} eg] PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLs} cjwf/0ffn]
ubf{ pgLn] ;ef;b k8sfpg ;kmn eP t/=== sf]
k'R5/ afx| jif{ 9'f| d] f xfn] klg ===eg] h:t} pgsf]
dlt ;'wg| ;s]g . g]kfnL hgtfn] pgsf] jf:tljs
k klxNo} lrlg;s]sfn] ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgdf
@ @ 7fpFaf6 k/flht agfOlbP . k|wfgdGqL ag]kl5
pgn] hgtfnfO{ ljZjf;df lng'eGbf cfgf] k/fhosf]
kL8f hgtfnfO{ yf]kfg]{ sfo{ ug]{ p2t eP . b]z,
hgtf / nf]stGqsf] nflu l;Gsf] ;d]t efFRg g;s]sf
k|wfgdGqL dfwj g]kfn zflGt ;+ljwfg / nf]stGqnfO{
eTsfpg p2t eO/x]sf 5g\ . b]zsf] ;Qfsf] ;fFrf]
af]s/] a;]sf JolQmn] zflGt ;+ljwfg / hgefjgf
ljkl/t lbPsf] cleJolQmnfO{ lkmtf{ lng}k5{ / cfd
hg;d'bfo;fd' ;fj{hlgs kdf dfkmL dfUg}k5{ .
cGoyf g]kfnL hgtf zflGt ;+ljwfg / nf]stGq
/Iffsf lglDt k'gM Psk6s ;8sdf pqg] 5g\ /
hgtfsf] e]n ;8sdf pqsf] ToxL e]nn] dfs'gn ] uft
tdfd zflGt, ;+ljwfg / nf]stGq lj/f]wL zlQmxnfO{
aufpg] 5 / gofF g]kfn lgdf{0f x'g5 ] . r]tgf eof .
k'ik/fh Gof}kfg]
km]l/ hgljb|f]x lsg <
d'ns' olta]nf ;6sf] af6f]af6
u'lh|/x]sf] 5 ufF7u} fF7f]sf] cNemfO{df
5 ufF7f] kfg]x{ ufF7f] k'msfpg]tkm{
gnfuL ufF7f] yKg] / ltgLnfO{ k'msfpg
g} g;Sg] g;Sg] u/L s:g cu|;/ 5g\,
c;xh cj:yfaf6 s;/L d'n'sn]
lgsf; kfpg] xf] eGg] cfdg]kfnLsf]
lrGtfsf] ljifo xf] ca d'ns
s'g af6f] cjnDag ug{] xf] olsgsf
' n] s'g
;fy eGg ;lsg] cj:yf 5}g a[xt\
7"nf] Tofu / alnbfgaf6 hlGdPsf]
;+ljwfg;efnfO{ lg/Lx, pbf; / ljlIfKt
agfOFb5 } hgftn] lgwf{l/t u/]sf]
p;sf] cfo' ;dfKt x'bF 5 } t/ p;sf]
d'Vo p2]Zo hxfFsf] txLF 5 ;fob
;+ljwfg;efnfO{ eQf ;efsf] kdf
kl/0ft ug{] Pp6f uDeL/ if8\oGq /
/fhgLlts ck/fw x'bF 5 } of] lg/Lxtf
/ csd{0otfdf km:b}5 of] k|fs[lts
xf]Og, ck|fs[lts u7aGwgsf] l;sf/
ef/tLo eG;f/af6 g]kfnL n'l6g] qmd a9\bf]
s~rgk'/ . ljutb]lv g} ljleGg
axfgfdf g]kfnLxnfO{ b'Mv lbFb}
cfPsf] ef/tLo si6dn] b}lgsh;f]
jgj;fdx]Gb|gu/ ;fdfg af]Sg]nfO{
ca eg] n'6g\ ] gofF tl/sf ckgfPsf]
5 . p;n] ljutsf] cdfgljo
Jojxf/df ;'wf/ ub{} ;}xfb{k0" f{ h:t}
jftfj/0f agfP/ dlxgfjf/L /sd
c;'Ng] tl/sf ckgfPsf] xf] . dxfsfnL
k' n jfl/ /x] s f] /x] s f] si6dn]
df]6/;fOsn / ;fOsndf ;fdfg
af]Sg]af6 qmdzM ! xhf/ / % ;o
k}ofF;Dd dlxgfjf/L /sd c;'Ng]
u/]sf] ;fdfg af]Sg]xn] atfPsf 5g\ .
o;/L dlxgfjf/L kdf /sd
lbg]xnfO{ si6dn] ;fdfGo r]shfFr
aGb}5 ;+ljwfg;efleq klg lxhf]s}
ax'dtLo ul0ftLo 3LgnfUbf] v]nx
v] l nP / ;xdtLo /fhgLlts
l;4fGtsf] 3fF6L lgdf]l7of] x'gk' g]{ lyof]
hgk| l tlglwxsf] ;/sf/ t/
lgo]ta; agfOof] k/flhtxsf]
;/sf/ ;a}lt/ h] x'gk' g]{ lyof], Tof]
ePg / h] gx'g' kg]{ lyof] eof] ToxL
;+ljwfg;efnfO{ ;/sf/eGbf klg
sdhf]/, lg/Lx / cfd's agfpg]
k|ltlqmofjfbL if8\oGq k|an agfOof]
s7\k'tnL, /fi63ftL / hgb|f]xL
;/sf/sf] 5fofdf ;+ l jwfg;ef
c:jfefljs l;sf/ aGof] ;Qf ;fj/
g]kfnL sfFu;
]| , g]skf Pdfn]h:tf 7"nf
bnxn] ;/sf/df ;xefuL eO{
cfh;Dd cfOk'Ubf cfgf] cf}sft
lal;{Psf] h:tf] eO/x]sf]5 log}
bnx lxhf] /fhf zlStdf x'bF f u'xfb}{
b/af/df lalGtkq xfNg k'Uby] eg]
clxn] cfk"m ;'/lIft ePsf] df}sf
dfq} ug{] u/]klg dlxgfjf/Lsf] bfo/fdf
gk/]sfxnfO{ eg] k"/fg} Jojxf/ sfod}
/x]sf] kLl8txn] atfP . dlxgfjf/L
glbg]nfO{ b}lgs ;fdfg vf]nfP/,
b'Jo{jxf/ u/]/, 306f}+ si6dd} pEofP/
c;xh kl/l:ylt l;h{ g f ul/g]
ePsfn] cfk"mx dlxgfjf/L /sd lbg
tof/ /x]sf] ;fdfg af]Sg]xn] atfPsf
5g\ . pgLxsf cg';f/ dlxgfjf/L
lbPklg cem}+ b}lgs kdf ;fdfg
x]l/x]l/ Ps 6Lksf] #) b]lv %)
k}ofF;Dd ltg{k' 5{ . t/ dlxgfjf/L
ga'emfpg]n] eg] cg]s em0em6;Fu} Ps
6Lk ;fdfg jfkmt ! ;ob]lv @ ;o
k}ofF;Dd ltg{k' 5{ . o;/L eg]jfkmt
/sd c;' n ] k l5 dfq} si6dn]
kfpgf;fy b/af/nfO{ wf/] xft nufpFb}
;Qf];/fk ug{ k'Uby], ltg} k|jl[ Qx
clxn] /fi6kltnfO{ u'xfg{ k'lu/x]sf
5g\ /f:6kltnfO{ u'xfb}d{ f ltgLxsf]
anistha k"lt{ geP klg le/af6
n8\bf TofGb|f] klg ;xf/f aGg ;S5
ls egL lbjf:jKgf b]Vb}5g\ h;sf]
kl/0ffd ;Qf;Lg bnxsf] cfk"m
;+ljwfg aGg] jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ug{
;Ifd 5}gg\ / ltgLx g} tf]lsPsf]
;dodf ;+ljwfg aGg ;Sb}g eG5g\ .
lgsf; lbg] ts{ cufl8 ;g{ ;Sb}gg\
clg km]l/ ljleGg s'ts{ cufl8 ;fb}{
;+ljwfg dfcf]jfbLsf] sf/0fn] aGg
;s]g eGb} ljif jdg ub{5g\ . of] @!
cf}F ztfAbLdf hgtfx zf;s Kofnf
aGg ;Sb}gg\ . zf;sn] h] eg"g\ h]
u?g\, r'krfk nflu v'?v'? cf1fsf/L
aGg sf]xL klg ;Sb}gg\ . u'nfdn] dfq
u'nfdL ug{ ;S5, To;}n] hgtfnfO{
5nsk6 ug{] w't{nfO{ ;dfhaf6
;fdfgsf] lnlvt ljj/0f tof/
kfl/lbG5 . h'g ljj/0f si6deGbf
clnslt j/ /x]sf] ef/tLo ;Ldf ;'/Iff
an P;P;aLnfO{ clgjfo{ kdf
b]vfpg'k5{, Tof] ljj/0f geP ;fdfg
g]kfn leq\ofpg kfOFbg} . ljj/0fdf
pNn]v ePsf] eGbf a9L ;fdfg eP
P;P;aLn] hkmt ul/lbG5 .
o:t} k'n kfl/ /x]sf] hgkb yfgfn]
klg b} l gs g] k fn ;fdfg
leq\ofpg]xaf6 si6dsf] k"/fgf]
z}nLdf b'Jo{jxf/ / wDSofpFb} /sd
c;'Ng] u/]sf] atfOPsf] 5 . AofG6
;fdfg eP /f]Sg] clwsf/ ePsf] pQm
yfgfn] em0hl6nf] r]srfFh ug{] / k};f
glbFbf;Dd cufl8 a9\g glbg] u/]sf]
g\Uofpg'k5{ aftn] ga'g]nfO{ nftn]
eP klg a'emfpg' k5{ To;}n] zflGtk"0f{
cfGbf]ngaf6 g;'Gg] / sfgdf t]n xfn]/
a:g] ;/sf/nfO{ cem} hgljb|f]x
jt{dfgsf] cfjZostf xf] . jt{dfgsf]
t/n cj:yfaf6 kmfObf p7fpFb} lxhf]
gful/snfO{ /}tL / u'nfd ;lDemg]x
clxn] ljleGg axfgfafhL ub}5 { g\ .
ltgLx cem} g]kfnLxnfO{ dfly p7\g
glbg sfnf] sf]7fdf ljleGg if8\oGqx
ub}5{ g\ . lxGb'/fHonufot ;+3Ltof
lj/f]wL cfjfhnufot ;lxbxsf]
ckdfg ub}{5g\ . !) jif{ hgo'4,
hg;]gf, !( lbg] hgcGbf]ngsf] of] /
Tof] axfgfdf cjd"Nog ul//x]sf 5g\ .
log} ;f]rsf] pkh k'/fgf] ;+ljwfg
@)$& Ao'tF fpg] rfnafhL / k|k~r
/Rb} 5 g\ . log} k| l tudgsf/L
;f]rfOnfO{ k/f:t ug{sf] nflu klg
casf] cfjZostf hgljb|fx] tkm{ rfx]/
klg grfP/ klg pBt eO/x]sf] 5 .
sf/0f ;fdfg af]Sg]x kLl8t ePsf
5g\ . ef/tn] o"l/of, lrgL, vfg]tn ] ,
dlt]n, l8h]n, k]6f]nnufotsf
kbfy{nfO{ g]kfn leq\ofpg Aof08 u/]sf]
5 . o:t} P;P;aLn] ;Ldf r]shfrsf
jfxfgfdf ;Ldfdf cfjt hfjt ug]{
g]kfnLxaf6 kmf]6f];lxt cGo ljj/0f
dfUg yfn]sf] 5 . cfjt hfjt ug]{
g]kfnLxn] cfkm\gf] gfd dfq O{G6L
u/]/ dfq k|jz ] ug{ lbg yfn]k5L
ef/tk|lt yk cfz+sf pTkGg ePsf]
5 . kmf]6f] dfUg' g]kfn ef/t ;lGw
ljkl/tsf] sfo{ xf] . s~rgk'/ pBf]u
jfl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf x]dljqmd yfkfn]
kmf]6f] dfUg' plgxsf] clwsf/ eGbf
jflx/sf] s'/f ePsf] jtfP .
@)^& ;fn h]7 ( ut] cfOtaf/ 3

g]kfnL ;]gf dfwj

g]kfnsf] akf}tL xf]Og
zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf]ng ug]{ klg ;do;Ldf x'G5 . cem} p;n]
6]/g
] / hgtfnfO{ a]jf:tf ul//x\of] eg] Ps lbg of]
;do;Ldf tf]l8g ;S5 .
pgsf] xftdf dfq aGb's 5}gg\, xfd|f xftdf klg aGb's 5g\ . xfd|f
xftdf ePsf aGb'sn] s;};uF cfTd;dk{0f ub}g{ .
xfdL G rfxFbg} f}F . ;/sf/ / To;df ;xefuL bnx G
rflx/x]sf 5g\ .
;ftfsf] s'/fsfgL /fdk|;fb ;fksf]6f lbklzvf, ;xO~rfh{ jfOl;Pn g]kfn, g]jf /fHo ;ldlt
) jt{ d fg t/n /fhgLlts ;/sf/n] xfd|f] s'/f ;'Gg rfx]g . clGtd ;/sf/ t o:tf] x8\tfn jif}e{ l/ eOlbcf];\ t ;]gf ;dfof]hgsf] nflu t'?Gt} cleefjs ePsf] xsdf To;nfO{ lgisif{df if8\oGq ug]{ ToxL t xf] Tof] xNnfsf] kl5
cj:yfnfO{ s;/L d"Nof\sg k6s cfdx8\tfn dfkm{t klg Tof] sf]lzz eGg kf] yfNof] . x8\tfnaf6 hgtfnfO{ ;dfof]hg x'g] hg;]gfsf] ;+Vof k'ofpg xfdL w]/} ;+oldt /Xof},F xfdL nfUg xfd|f] k'm;{b 5}g .
ug'{x'G5 < u/\of} t/ nfrf/Lxsf] sfg v"ng] . dsf{ kg]{ t/ ;/sf/ /f]d hln/xFbf lg/f]n] tf]Sg'k5{ elg/x]sf] 5 . o:tf] c;fWo} nrs eof}F . zflGtk|lqmof ;'? ) h] 7 !$ kl5 d' n ' s df Ps
d'ns' olta]nf c;fWo} uDeL/ zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf]ng ug]{ klg ;do;Ldf afF;/' L ahfP/ cfgGb lnPem}F b]lvPkl5 ts{ aGb' s p7fpgs} nflu ePkl5 klg xfd|f krf;L5of;L g]tf lsl;dn] ;+ j } w flgs l/Qmtf
cj:yfdf cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 . nfdf] x'G5 .cem} p;n] 6]/g] / hgtfnfO{ a]jf:tf hgtfnfO{ b'Mv lbg' x'bF g} eg]/ g} kf6L{n] ul/Psf] t xf]Og < tyf sfo{stf{xsf] sfFu;] | Pdfn]n] s'6L cfpg] l:ylt b]lvPsf] 5, To:tf]
;dob]lv x'gv ] fg]xn] rnfpFb} cfPsf] ul//x\of] eg] Ps lbg of] ;do;Ldf cfGbf]ng :ylut u/]sf] xf] . To; cy{df g]kfnL ;]gf dfwj g]kfnsf] akf}tL s'6L xTof u/]sf 5g\ . km]l/ klg xfdL cj:yfdf jfOl;Pnsf] e"ldsf
/fHo ;Qfsf] afu8f]/ u'Dg] eon] tf]l8g ;S5 . xfdLnfO{ kf6L{n] cfGbf]ng :ylut u/]sf]df xf]Og, ;]gf pgsf] kf]N6fsf] j:t' klg ;+oldt /Xof}F . ca, xfdL ;+oldt /xg s:tf] /xG5 <
k'h
F LjfbLx / k|ltlqmofjfbLx csf]{ ) lg0ff{os cfGbf]ng eGb} aflx/L b'Mv dgfp 5}g . hgtfsf] ;+jb] gfsf] xf]Og . a[xt\ zflGt;Demf}tf / cGtl/d ;Sb}gf}F . o'ykmf];{ k|ltzf]wdf u7g u/fPsf] xfdL olta]nf lg0ff{os cj:yfdf
o'4 rflx/x]sf 5g\ . pgLx nf]slk|o lhNnfaf6 /fhwfgL NofPsf kIfnfO{ b'Mv dgfpsf] kdf a'g klg ;+ljwfgn] ;]gf ;dfof]hgsf] ;Gbe{df ;+u7g xf], o;sf] /fhgLlts cy{ 5}g . 5f}F . of] ;/sf/n] /fhLgfdf lbP/
kf6L{ dfcf]jfbLnfO{ hah{:tL o'4df nfvf}F hgtf cfGbf]ng ;kmn x'bF g} . :ki6kdf af] n ] s f] 5 . a[ x t\ o'ykmf];{ clxn] u'08fubL{ z}nLdf cfO/x]sf ;xdtLo dfu{ d f cufl8 ga9]
ws]Ng] k|Tog ul//x]sf 5g\ . t/, kfg{ hf]8tf]8sf ;fy nfu] t/ ) tkfO{+x zflGtk"0f{ tl/sfaf6 zflGt;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ePcg';f/ g} 5 . cl:tsf] cfGbf]ngdf o'ykmf];s { f ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb ylkGg . xfd|f] kf6L{n]
dfcf]jfbL zflGtk|lqmofnfO{ tfls{s tkfO{ + x sf] g] t [ T jn] aLr} d f cfk\mgf dfux /flv/xg' ePsf] ;]gf ;dfof]hg ul/g'k5{ . ToxfF clxn] cWoIf dx]z a:g]tf/f eQmk'/df uf]nL d'ns ' df ;+jw} flgs l/Qmtf cfpg glbg
lgisif{df k'ofpg / hgtfnfO{ gofF cfGbf]ng :ylut uof], o:tf] 5 . t/, ;/sf/ eg] jfOl;Pn dfwj g]kfnxn] eg]h:tf] ;+Vof k|xf/ ul/of] . olb pgLx oxL z}nLdf xb};Ddsf] nrstf ckgfpF5 . olb
hg;+ljwfg lbg sl6a4 5 . olta]nf lg0f{on] st} lrQ b'v]sf] t g} lj36g ug'k{ 5{ elg/x]sf] 5 tf]lsPsf] 5}g . ;xdltsf] cfwf/df ;]gf cfpg] xf] eg] k|ltsf/ ug{ xfdL ;Ifd To;f] ubf{ klg ePg eg] dfcf]jfbL kf6L{n]
oL b'O{ ju{sf] aLrdf eLif0f 6s/fjsf] 5}g < lg < ;dfof]hg ul/g'k5{ elgPsf] 5 . xfdL 5f}F . pgLxn] aGb's rnfpg b'Or { f/ hgtfnfO{ clkn ub{5 . ;DejtM
l:ylt k}bf ePsf] 5 . Klxnf] s'/f cfGbf]ngnfO{ lg0ff{os klxn] d jfOl;Pn lj36g ug'k{ 5{ xf/]/, cfTd;dk{0f u/]/ oxfF;Dd cfPsf lbg l;s] xf]nfg\ . t/, xfdL bz jif{;Dd hgtfn] clxn];Ddsf] pknlAw hf]ufpg
) tkfO{x+ n] kl5Nnf] cfGbf]ngdf elgPsf] ;To xf]Og . cfGbf]ng zflGtk"0f{ eGg] ts{ vf/]h ub{5' . nf]stGqdf s;}sf] xf]Ogf}F . ;xdlt ;dfg pkl:yltsf] aGb's rnfP/ cfPsf xf}F . pgLxn] To;sf] lg0ff{os hjfkm lbg]5g\ . ;]gf /
nfvf} F hgtf ;8sdf x'G5, lx+;fTds x'bF g} eg]/ xfd|f] kf6L{n] e|ft[ ;+u7gx csf]{ s'g} kf6L{n] e ug]{ cfwf/df x'gk' 5{ . xfdL ;dfgfGt/ kdf aGb's xfGbf 3'8F fdf nfU5 xf]nf xfdLn] k|x/Lsf] bdgsf] e/df /fHo l6ls/fVb}g .
ptfg'e{ of] . t/ ;/sf/n] ;'gg] klxNo} klg eg]sf] lyof] . o'4sf] tfgfafgf jf gug]{ eGg] lgwf] ug]{ clwsf/ x'bF g} . cufl8 cfPsf xf}F . pgLxn] eg]h:tf] xfGbf 5ftLdf nfU5 . of] s'/f pgLxnfO{ Oltxf;df To:tf /fHox c;kmn ePsf
ca s] ug'x{ G' 5 < a'Gb} s7\kt' nL ;/sf/n] cfGbf]ngnfO{ To; sf/0f jfOl;Pn e ug'k{ 5{ eGg} u/L ;]gf ;dfof]hg cufl8 a9\bg} . r]tgf xf];\ . xfdLn] o'4 grfx]sf] kIfnfO{ 5g\ . ;+jw} flgs l/Qmtf x'bF f kf6L{n] Nofpg]
cj}w / ck|fs[lts 9n] ag]sf] lx+;fTds agfpg] e/dUb'/ k|of; uof] . ts{ cfk}mF df c/fhgLlts 5, a]OdfgLk"0f{ ;]gfsf] lgodcg';f/ egf{ x'g] eGg] sdhf]/L 7fg]/ xfdLdfly bdg ul/G5 of]hgfdf jfOl;Pn sl6a4 eP/ nfU5 .
jt{dfg s7\kt' nL ;/sf/sf] lj?4 xfd|f] cfGbf]ng lx+;fTds agfpg' x'bF g} , hgtfsf] 5 . s;}sf] ;+u7gfTds :jtGqtfdfly pgLxsf] ts{ t ;fdfGo gful/ssf] eg] xfdL r'k nfu]/ a:b}gf}F . To;kl5 ) cGTodf cfdo'jfxnfO{ s]
kf6L{n] o; k6s cln s8f cfGbf]ng dt zflGtk"0f{ tj/af6 ;8sd} klg JoQm aGb]h nufpg'k5{ eGg' k+rfolt z}nL xsdf dfq nfu" x'G5 . nf]stGq, pgLxsf] xfnt v/fa x'g5 ] . clkn ug{ rfxg'xG' 5 <
uof] . zflGt k|so[ f tfls{s lg:sif{df ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] dfGotf /fVb} sf7df8f}s F f xf] . To;f] xf] eg] Pdfn], sfFu;]| n] p;sf] hgu0ftGq / ;+3Lotfsf] nflu n8]sf] ) tkfO{ + sf7df8f} F pkTosfsf] xfd|f] d'ns
' df olta]nf 7"nf] ;+s6sf]
k"/o\ fpg / gof ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] k|To]s ulNndf gfrufg ul//x]sf kf6L{ g} e u/f];\ g t . Pp6f pbfx/0f ;]gfsf] dfg xfgL x'g] u/L af]Ng] clwsf/ jfOl;Pn ;xOGrfh{ x'g'x'G5, l:ylt k}bf ePsf] 5 . rf]/, ab\df;,
k|lqmofnfO{ of] ;/sf/n] ;kmn agfpg hgtfsf lj?4df hgtfsf gfdddf lncf} dfwj ltd|L >LdtL ;+:s[lts s;}nfO{ klg 5}g . hg;]gfnfO{ ckdfg tkfO{+xsf] ;+u7gleq ljleGg e|i6x ldn]/ hgtfsf] jf:tljs
glbg] b]vk] l5 xfd|f] kf6L{ ljut Ps cfgf sfo{stf{nfO{ ;8sdf ptf/]/ em8k kdf a]l7s l5g\, To;}n] ltdL ltd|L x'g] u/L cfPsf ;dfof]hgsf ts{ JolQmx l5/]/ ab\gfd agfpg] zlQmnfO{ kfvf nufpg] sfd eO/x]sf]
jif{bl] v cfGbf]ngdf 5 . xfdLn] zflGtk"0f{ lgDTofpg] / bdg ug]{ ef/lto gLlt >LdtL;Fu tTsfn ;DaGw ljR5]b u/ v]bhgs 5, xfdL Tof] dfGg tof/ 5}gf}F . sfo{ ePsf] 5 elgG5 lg < 5 . d'ns ' zflGtdf hfg] ls Gdf
cfGbf]ngdfk{mt\ xfd|f] dfunfO{ ;Daf]wg d'tfljs s7\kt' nL ;/sf/ cufl8 a9\of] . xfdLn] o;f] eGof} /fhgLlts c8fgsf csf]{ s'/f dfwj g]kfnn] aGb's g} p7fpg] of] ;/f;/ unt / ldYof cf/f]k hfg] < d'ns ' n] zflGt / ;+ljwfg kfpg]
u/fpg] w]/} 7"nf] k|of; uof}F . t/ hgtf hgtfaLrsf] em8k xfdLn] rfx]gf}F . kdf lnof} eg] s] dfwj g]kfn cfgL /x/ u/]sf x'g\ eg] xfdL g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ xf] . lj/f]wLxn] k|rf/ u/]h:tf] ls @)$^ ;fnsf] ;+ljwfg Ao"tF fpg] <
cj}wflgs kdf lgdf{0f ePsf] s7\kt' nL csf]{ s"/f ===eGbf b]Vg]nfO{ nfh eg]em}F >LdtL 5f]8g\ tof/ /xG5g\ < xf] jfOl;Pn Ps k6s ;f]Wg]5f}F / eGg]5f}F dfwj jfOl;Pnleq v/fa 5}gg\ . ;+u7g eGg] cj:yf l;h{gf ePsf] 5 . zflGt
lj36gsf] s'/f To:t} xf] . g]kfnn] o:tf] /x/ u/] s] u/f}F olb lj:tf/sf] qmddf, ;b:otf ljt/0fsf] / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] k|lqmofnfO{ lgisif{df
nf]stGqdf s;}sf] e|ft[ ;+u7gx csf]{ s'g} kf6L{n] ) ca, o:tf] cj:yfdf jfOl;Pn hgtfn] pgsf] OR5f k"/f ug]{ cfb]z qmddf s]xL unt dfG5]xnfO{ l5/fpg k'ofpg] ls d'ns ' nfO{ d'7e]8df n}hfg]
e ug]{ jf gug]{ eGg] lgwf] ug]{ clwsf/ x'bF g
} . s;/L cufl8 a9\5 t < lbof] eg] xfdL pgsf] Tof] OR5f k"/f ug{ / c/fhs agfpg sfFu|];, Pdfn] eGg] ljifodf o'jfxnfO{ 3f]lTngsf] nflu
xfdL clGtd cj:yf;Dd klg ;f]Rg ;S5f}F . nfluk/]sf 5g\, clxn];Dd xfdLn] ltgnfO{ cfXjfg ub{5' . o; k6s zf;sLo
To; sf/0f jfOl;Pn e ug'k{ 5{ eGg} ts{ cfk}mF df clxn];Dd k|fKt pknlAwnfO{ /Iff ug]{ ) hgd'lQm ;]gfrflxF dfcf]jfbLsf] l5g{ lbPsf 5}gf}F . km]l/ pgn] xfd|f] lj/f]w ju{sf] o'4sf] rfxgfnfO{ rf]l6nf] hjfkm
c/fhgLlts 5, a]OdfgLk"0f{ 5 . s;}sf] k|oTg u5f}+{ . zflGtk"0f{ kaf6 g} dfq} g]kfnL ;]gf / k|x/LrflxF ab\gfd u/fpg nflu gkg]{ xf] eg] pgsf] lbg / ;Dk"0f{ hgtfnfO{ d'n'snfO{
bf]af6f]df k'us] f] zflGtk|lqmofnfO{ lgisif{df ;/sf/sf] eg] / h' g cy{ cfg} sfd klg t 5}g . ;+u7g agfpg b' 3 { 6 gfaf6 arfpg] cleofgdf
;+u7gfTds :jtGqtfdfly aGb]h nufpg'k5{ eGg' k'ofpg] / gof ;+ljwfg hgtfsf] xftdf nufOPsf] 5 o;n] eljiodf uP hgtfn] s'65 \ , ljrf/ /fhgLlt nfda4 x'g / ;w} rgfvf] /lx/xg
k+rfolt z}nL xf] . k'ofpg nflu/xg] 5f}F . nfvf}F o'jfxnfO{ st} G t lgDTofpFbg} < a]lrvfOxfn], sfd} s'ts{ ug],{ e|d 5g],{ clkn ub{5' .
sf] xf] zflGt / ;+ljwfgsf] lj/f]wL eg]/ xfdL G rfxFbg} f}F . ;/sf/ / To;df
lrgfpg] cleofg lnP/ hgtfsf] 3/3/df ;xefuL bnx G rflx/x]sf 5g\ . o'4sf] tfgfafgf a'Gb} s7\kt' nL ;/sf/n] cfGbf]ngnfO{ lx+;fTds agfpg]
Tof] eg]sf] ljb|fx] ug]{ ljsNk xf] . To;f] ubf{ klg ePg eg] hfg]5f},F hgtfnfO{ ldq / zq' lrgfpg] xfdL hgtfnfO{ clGtd k6s cfu|x e/dUb'/ k|of; uof] . cfGbf]ng lx+;fTds agfpg' x'bF g} , hgtfsf] dt
5f}F . olb, clGtd cj:yf;Dd klg ug]5{ f}F . hgtfn] G /f]H5 of zflGt zflGtk"0f{ tj/af6 ;8sd} klg JoQm ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] dfGotf /fVb}
xfdL xfd|f] clGtd xltof/ k|of]u ug]5{ f}F . Tof] clGtd zflGtk"0f{ tl/sfaf6 xfd|f] dfun] k"0f{tf /f]H5 . hgd'lQm ;]gf, g]kfnL ;]gf / sf7df8f}sF f k|To]s ulNndf gfrufg ul//x]sf hgtfsf lj?4df hgtfsf
xltof/n] ss;nfO{ Wj:t u5{ eGg] s'/fdf pgLx kfPg eg] xfdL;Fu cGo ljsNk v'Nnf k|x/L ;a} /fHosf k'h F L x'g\ . o;dWo] gfdddf cfk\mgf sfo{stf{nfO{ ;8sdf ptf/]/ em8k lgDTofpg] / bdg
/xG5 . Tof] eg]sf] ljb|fx] ug]{ ljsNk s;}nfO{ sfvf, s;}nfO{ kfvf kfl/G5 eg]
cfh}af6 ;r]t /xg h?/L 5 . xfdLn] o:tf] vfnsf] xf] . To;f] ubf{ klg ePg eg] xfdL xfd|f] Tof] zlQm r'k nfu]/ a:b}g . xfdL ug]{ ef/lto gLlt d'tfljs s7\kt' nL ;/sf/ cufl8 a9\of] . hgtf
clGtd xltof/ k|of]u ug]5{ f}F . Tof] clGtd hgtfnfO{ xfdLnfO{ kfvfdf xflnof] eg]/ hgtfaLrsf] em8k xfdLn] rfx]gf}F . csf]{ s'/f ===eGbf b]Vg]nfO{ nfh
ljsNk k|of]u ug{ gk/f];\ . xfdL lxhf] klg n8]/ cfPsf xf},F eg]em}F ;/sf/ t o:tf] x8\tfn jif}e{ l/ eOlbcf];\ eGg kf] yfNof] .
xltof/n] ss;nfO{ Wj:t u5{ eGg] cfXjfg u5f}F{ . Tolta]nf hgtfn] lg0f{o
xfdLn] n8\g hfg]sf 5f}F . n8\g] 7fpF;Dd xfdLnfO{ ws]Ng] s'/fdf pgLx cfh}af6 ;r]t /xg lbG5 . hgtfn] Gofo lbg ;Sof] eg] x8\tfnaf6 hgtfnfO{ dsf{ kg]{ t/ ;/sf/ /f]d hln/xFbf lg/f]n] afF;/' L
sf]l;; gul/of];\ . h?/L 5 . xfdLn] o:tf] vfnsf] ljsNk zflGt / ;+ljwfgsf] hLt x'G5, olb ahfP/ cfgGb lnPem}F b]lvPkl5 hgtfnfO{ b'Mv lbg' x'bF g} eg]/ g}
k|of]u ug{ gk/f];\ . xfdL lxhf] klg n8]/ hgtfn] Gofo lbg ;s]g eg] hgtfn] kf6L{n] cfGbf]ng :ylut u/]sf] xf] .
cfPsf xf},F xfdLn] n8\g hfg]sf 5f}F . lg0f{o lbG5, Tof] lg0f{o eg]sf] aGb's
pgLxn] aGb's rnfpg b'Or { f/ lbg l;s] xf]nfg\ . t/, n8\g] 7fpF;Dd xfdLnfO{ ws]Ng] sf]l;; p7fpg] lg0f{o x'G5 . Tolt a]nf k]ml/
gul/of];\ . b'O{ b'O{ 7fpFaf6 r'gfj xf/]sf Ps k6s nl8G5 . hlxn];Dd of] rngsf]
xfdL bz jif{;Dd aGb's rnfP/ cfPsf xf} . pgLxn] dfwj g]kfnx;Fu xfdL sbflk cGTo x'Gg . dfwj ltd|L >LdtL ;+:s[lts kdf a]l7s l5g\, To;}n] ltdL
cfTd;dk{0f ub}g{ f}F{ . olta]nf ;]gf ) ljleGg ;d" x af6 jfOl;Pn ltd|L >LdtL;u tTsfn ;DaGw ljR5]b u/ xfdLn] o;f] eGof}
aGb's xfGbf 3'8
fdf nfU5 xf]nf xfdLn] xfGbf 5ftLdf kl/rfng u/]/ dfcf]jfbLnfO{ tx nufpg] sfo{stf{xsf] xTof eO/x]sf] /fhgLlts c8fgsf kdf lnof} eg] s] dfwj g]kfn cfk\mgL
nfU5 . of] s'/f pgLxnfO{ r]tgf xf];\ . eGb}5g dfwj g]kfn . pgsf] xftdf 5, t/ tkfO{x+ n] ;zQm k|ltsf/ >LdtL 5f]8g\ tof/ /xG5g\ <
dfq aGb's 5}gg\, xfd|f xftdf klg aGb's u/]sf] kfOPg lg <
5g\ . xfd|f xftdf ePsf aGb'sn] s;};uF xfdL zflGt / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f
hgd'lQm ;]gf, g]kfnL ;]gf / k|x/L ;a} /fHosf cfTd;dk{0f ub}{g xfdLn] clGtd k|lqmofnfO{ tfls{s lgisif{df k'ofpg nf]stGq, hgu0ftGq / ;+3Lotfsf] nflu n8]sf] ;]gfsf] dfg xfgL x'g]
k'h
L x'g\ . o;dWo] s;}nfO{ sfvf, s;}nfO{ kfvf ljsNksf] kdf aGb's /f]Hg gk/f];\ . rfxG5f}F t/ csf]{ kIf o'4 rfxG5 . zflGt
) zflGtk|lqmofsf] dxTjk"0f{ kIf / ;+ljwfgsf] Ph]G8f xfd|f] kf6L{sf] Ph]G8f u/L af]Ng] clwsf/ s;}nfO{ klg 5}g . hg;]gfnfO{ ckdfg x'g] u/L
kfl/G5 eg] Tof] zlQm r'k nfu]/ a:b}g . ;]gf;dfof]hg xf] . ;/sf/n] xf] . zflGt / ;+ljwfg lgdf0f{sf] cfPsf ;dfof]hgsf ts{ v]bhgs 5, xfdL Tof] dfGg tof/ 5}gf}F .
4 @)^& ;fn h]7 ( ut] cfOtaf/
;+ljwfg;ef hf]ufpg a'l4hLjLxsf] ;'emfj
sf7df8f}F . :jtGq ljZn]ifs tyf
n]vsxn] ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb gyKbf
dfcf]jfbLn] :yflkt u/]sf Ph]G8fx
w/fzoL x'g] eGb} To;sf] /Iffsf nflu
Dofb ykdf ;xdlt ug{ ;'emfj lbPsf
5g\ . PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf pkfWoIf
Pj+ k|rf/ ljefu k|dv ' 8f= afa'/fd
e/fO{;uF sf] cGt/lqmofdf pgLxn]
;+ljwfg;ef e x'bF f ljut ;f7L jif{sf
;a} pknlAw u'Dg]tkm{ ;r]t /xg cfu|x
ub}{ ;+ljwfg;ef arfpg ;a}eGbf a9L
Tofu dfcf]jfbLn] ug{k' g]{ atfP . sltko
n]vsxn] eg] ;+ljwfg;efsf] af6f]af6
gofF ;+ljwfg hf/L x'g] cj:yf g/x]sfn]
Dofb yksf] af6f]df nfUg' plrt gx'g]
wf/0ff /fv] . k|:t't 5, To; cj;/df
ljleGg ljZn]ifsxn] k|:t't u/]sf
cfgf] ljrf/ .
;Ls] nfn M ;+ l jwfg;ef
c?nfO{ e Gbf a9L dfcf] j fbLnfO{
rflxPsf] 5, To;} n ] clxn]
;+ljwfg;efsf] aLpm hf]ufpg';,\ kl5
kl/l:ylt km/s ePkl5 km/s
tl/sfn] hfg'xf]nf . ;g\ @))* sf]
cfly{s dGbLkl5 dtnfO{ a]jf:tf u/]/
zf;g rnfpg] ljZjJofkL /fhgLlts
nx/ rn]sf] 5, dtnfO{ w]/} dfGotf
lbg' x'Gg, zf;g eg]sf] hfGg] ;'Gg]n]
rnfpg] xf] eGg] dfGotf b]lvg yfn]sf]
5 . clxn] ;+ljwfg;ef lj36g eP
dtdf cfwfl/t dfcf]jfbL /fhgLltsf]
j}wtf ;lsG5 . ;+ljwfg;ef /xFbf
dfcf]jfbLsf] ;fydf hgtf /x]sf]
b]lvG5, of] klg e eof] eg] tkfO{x+
hgtf xf]Og dfcf]jfbL dfq} /xg'xG' 5,
To;a]nf tkfO{s
;lhnf] kg]5
+ f lj?4 o'4 ug{x] nfO{
{ . clxn] ;+ljwfg;efsf]
cgfyh:t} ePsf] 5, clxn] s f]
u7aGwgn] ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb
ylkof] ; \ eGg] rfx] s f] 5} g .
;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb yKb}df ;+ljwfg
aG5 / ;d:of ;dfwfg eOxfN5 eGg]
xf]Og, ca oyfl:yltdf a:g] xf]Og
jf/ ls kf/df hfg'k5{ eGg] s]xL
;fyLsf] egfO klg unt xf]Og . t/,
To;sf nflu tof/L ug{k' 5{ . h]7 !$
cl3 g} cfgf] kl/l:ylt / afWotfaf/]
hgtfnfO{ hfgsf/L lbg Zj]tkq hf/L
ug{ a'l4dfgL xf]nf . ;+ljwfg;ef e
eof] eg] dfcf]jfbLn] cGt/f{li6o j}wtf
u'dfpF5 To;sf nflu klg Dofb yk
u/]/ pko'St ;do kv{g' plrt xf]nf .
k'?iff]Qd bfxfn M ;+ljwfg;efsf]
Dofb yKg] ljifonfO{ ;Qfsf] v]n;Fu
ghf]8g\ ; ' , ;/sf/ abNg] s'/fnfO{ ;t{
gagfpg';\ . 5f]6f] ;do /fv]/ y'k}|
k6s sfo{kflnsf ;+zf]wg ubf{ hgtfdf
ljZjf; u'ds ] f] 5, To;f] ug{e
' Gbf cln
a9L ;od /fv]/ hfpF, a? kfFr jif{
/fVg';\ t/ ;a} tof/L u/]/ dfq
;+ljwfg hf/L ug{';\ . dfcf]jfbLn]
nf]stflGqs k|0ffnLsf] ljsNk vf]hs ] f]
xf] ls eGg] g]tfxsf cleJolStaf6
b]lvG5 t/ b:tfj]hdf tkfO{x+ n]
nf]stflGqs k|0ffnL :jLsfl/;s]sf]
b]lvG5 of] ;Gb]x x6fpg';\ . ;+ljwfg;ef
e eof] eg] To;sf] ckh; gofF
zlStsf] kdf pbfPsf] dfcf]jfbLsf]
6fpsf]df ghfcf];\ .
lszf]/ g]kfn M dfcf]jfbL;Fu
zlSt 5 eGg] ;a}nfO{ yfxf 5, To;nfO{
k| b z{ g ul//xg' kb} { g , kl5Nnf]
cfGbf]ngsf qmddf uNtL eof] . ufpFsf
hgtfn] h;/L klg ;+ljwfg cfcf]; /
To;n] zflGt ;'lglZrt u/f];\ eGg]
rfx]sf 5g\, To;}n] h;/L klg gofF
;+ljwfg Nofpg dfcf]jfbLn] g} kxn
ug{k' 5{ / ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb yk]/
cl3 a9\gk' 5{ .
k| f Wofks nf] s /fh a/fn M
hlt;Sof] l56f] ;+ljwfg agfP/ gofF
r'gfjdf hfg' g} dfcf]jfbLsf nflu
kmfObfhgs x'G5 . h;n] ;fdflhs,
cfly{s, Gofosf ljifodf s'/f p7fpF5
;f]xL kf6L{n] hgtfsf] dt kfpF5,
dfcf]jfbLn] Tof] s'/f p7fPsfn] csf]{
r'gfjdf dfcf]jfbL g} cl3 x'G5, h;/L
x'G5 Dofb yk]/ ;+ljwfg agfpg';\ /
gofF r' g fjdf hfg' ; \ . sltko
;fyLxn] dfcf]jfbL kfGt/0f ePg
eGg'xG' 5 d}n] t kfGt/0f eO/x]sf]
b]v]sf] 5', $* ;fnkl5sf] Pdfn]
clxn]sf] dfcf]jfbLeGbf w]/} pu| lyof] .
kl5Nnf] k| b z{ g klg dfcf] j fbL
kfGt/0f ePsf] k|df0f xf] . of] ;/sf/
/ dfwjs'df/ g]kfnsf] s'g} klg
ljZj;gLotf 5}g, To;sf] k5fl8
gnfUg';\ .
k| f Wofks 8f= cle ;' j ] b L M
;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb yKbf / gyKbf
s] x'G5 eg]/ ljZn]if0f ug]{ lhDdf
dfcf]jfbL g]tT[ jsf] xf] tkfO{x+ o;}
ug';{ \ eg]/ d ;'emfj lbg ;lSbg .
;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb gyKbf clxn]s}
u7aGwgnfO{ kmfObf k'Ug] / k|ltufdL
zlSt alnof] x'g] ePsfn] Dofb yk
ug{ plrt xf]nf . tkfO{x+ n] klg Dofb
yKg grfxg] xf] eg] ;+ljwfg;ef rflxg]
of] d'ns ' df s'g} klg /fhgLlts zlSt
/xGg, To;a]nf pknlAw ;a} u'Dg
;S5g\ . ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb yKbf
;Qfwf/L u7aGwgsf] xft alnof] x'g]
t/ gyKbf leGg kaf6 kl/jt{gsf
Ph]G8fnfO{ cl3 a9fpg ;Sg] s'g} pkfo
dfcf]jfbLn] ;f]rs ] f] eP ;f]xLcg';f/
cl3 a9\ g ' ; \ . clxn] zf;g
rnfO/x]sfxnfO{ dfcf]jfbLnfO{
zflGtk|lqmofdf NofP/ uNtL uof}F ls
eGg] efg kg{ yfn]sf] 5 . tlnd
6fOu/ jf yfONof08sf] /]8 ;6{ h:t}
k/flht ug{ ;lsGYof] ls eGg] nfu]sf]
5, pgLxn] Oltxf; a'em]sf 5}gg\ .
SofG6f]gd]G6df a;]sfxl;t ;Qfwf/L
lsg olt;f/f] 8/fPsf] xf] < ljr/fxn]
;anfO{ l;WofpF 5 g\ eg] / xf} j f
lkmhfpF5g\ Tof] ;xL xf]Og .
vu]Gb| ;+uf| n} f M ;+ljwfg;ef e
x'Fbf kl/jt{g lj/f]wLnfO{ ;a}eGbf
cfgGb x'g] ePsfn] kl/jt{gsf Ph]G8f
hf] u fpg ;+ l jwfg;ef hf] u fpg
cfjZos 5 . s6\ j fnsf08kl5
;]gfdfly blIf0fkGyLxsf] lge{tf
a9]sf] 5, o;n] ;xdltsf] jftfj/0f
aGb}g . dfcf]jfbLsf] b'Mv eg]sf] rsf]{
s'/f af]Ng] / k6sk6s kms]/{ k'/fg}
7fpFdf cfpg] xf] . clxn] ;+ljwfg;efsf]
Dofb yKg' eg]sf] dfwj g]kfnsf]
;/sf/nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg' xf] . ;lsG5
eg] Dofb yksf nflu /fli6o ;xdltsf]
;/sf/ agfpg] ;xdlt h'6fpg';\
g;lsP klg cfgf s'/f hgtfnfO{
eGg';\ / Dofb yKg';\ .
emns ;'jb] L M dfcf]jfbLn] Dofb
yksf nflu ;xdlt u/]/ b'O{ jif{ yk]
klg ;+ l jwfg aGb} g . ha;Dd
dfcf]jfbLn] cfk"mn] :yflkt u/]sf
Ph]G8f 5f8\b}g ta;Dd ;+ljwfg
aGb}g . ha Ph]G8f 5f8\5 ta ;+ljwfg
aG5 t/ dfcf]jfbL /xGg . clxn]
cd]l/sL ;6j]o/ / blIf0fL xf8{jo] /
lqmofzLntfsf sf/0f ;8saf6 bafa
glbP;Dd ;+ l jwfg;efaf6 dfq}
;+ljwfg aGg] cj:yf 5}g . /fli6o
;xdltsf] ;/sf/ aGb}g of] e|d xf] .
To;}n] r'krfk Dofb yKg';\ / cfgf
Ph]G8f :yflkt ug{ ;8saf6 lg0ff{os
bafa lbg';\ .
8f= uf]kfn l;jfsf]6L M clxn]sf]
;/sf/ kl/jt{g x'g} k5{, To;df s'g}
ljjfb 5} g . clxn] s f] ;/sf/
cfTd3ftL / k|ltufdL sbd rfNg
tof/ ePsf] b]lvG5, olb Dofb ylkPg
eg] To;nfO{ ;3fp k'Ug]5 . Ps dfq
lgjf{lrt ;+:yf ;+ljwfg;ef klg e
eof] eg] ;a} kl/jt{gsf Ph]G8f u'D5g\
/ hgtfsf] k|ltlglwTj /fHodf x'bF g} .
clxn]sf] cj:yfdf ;]gf ;dfof]hg d'Vo
s'/f xf] t/ ;+Vof clxn] g} tf]sf}F} eGg'
x'Gg . # jf % xhf/ x'g] t/ !(
xhf/rflxF ;dfof]hg gx'g] eGg] ts{sf]
cfwf/ s] xf] < d'Vo s'/f dfcf]jfbL
;]gf ;dfof]hg u/]/ gofF /fli6o ;]gf
agfpg] eGg] xf] ;]gfsf] nf]stflGqs/0f
x'g ;s]sf] 5}g, Tof] d'2f cf]em]n kof] .
k|zfGt emf M tkfO{x+ sf] /0fgLlt
s] xf] eGg] d'Vo s'/f xf] . olb clxn]sf]
k|lqmofdf ldn]/ hfg] xf] Dofb ykf}F .
xf]Og clxn]sf] k|lqmofaf6 s]xL klg
x'Gg eGg] nfu]sf] xf] eg] tof/L u/]/
cfpg';\ . olb ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb
ylkPg eg] s] ug{ eGg] ljifodf
zf;g rnfpg]x tof/Lsf ;fy
a;]sf 5g\, tkfO{x+ sf] tof/L 5 ls
5}g < olb tof/L k'us ] f] 5}g eg]
tof/Ls} nflu ePm klg ;+ljwfg;efsf]
Dofb yKg';\ . clxn]sf] cj:yfdf
ef/tn] klg ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb yKg
rfx]sf] 5}g\ .
o'u kf7s M klxnf] 6fu]6{ of]
;/sf/nfO{ e8\sfpg' xf], lsgls of]
;/sf/ blIf0fkGyLsf] alnof] lsNnf xf] .
of] ;/sf/ eTsfpgnfO{ b'Oj{ 6f ljsNk
5g\Pp6f ;+;b\ / csf]{ ;8s . clxn]sf]
cj:yfdf ;+ljwfg;efaf6 ;/sf/
kl/jt{ x'g] s'g} 5fF6 5}g . ToxfFleqsf
clwsf+z dflg;x lsga]r eO;s] .
olb ;8saf6} of] ;/sf/ kl/jt{g ug{
xfd|f] bz{g xf] eg] ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb
ylk/xg' h?/L 5}g, lsgls Dofb yKbf
pgLxnfO{ :k]; ldN5 . Dofb gyKbf
s] ug{ eGg] tof/L blIf0fkGyLxn]
ul/;s]sf 5g\, To;af/] ldl8of df}g
/xg' Pp6f s'/f xf] t/ ;]gfsf] cf8df
/fi6klt zf;g / ;+s6sfnsf] tof/L
eO/x]sf] 5 . olb o;f] eof] eg]
cfdhgtf ;}lgs zf;gsf kIfdf xf]Og
dfcf]jfbLtkm{ w|j' Ls[t x'g] cj:yf
cfpF5 . olb To:tf] cj:yfsf nflu
tkfO{x+ sf] tof/L k'us ] f] 5}g eg] 5
dlxgf;Dd yKbf x'G5 ;od . lsgls
l;wfl;wf ;+ljwfg aGg] cj:yf d}n]
b]vs ] f] 5}g .
eLdk| ; fb e' t ] { n
;+ljwfg;efdf kfPsf] dtsf cfwf/df
;fdfg'kflts k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L
;/sf/ aGg] k|fjwfg;lxtsf] Pp6f
ljw]os ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb yksf]
k|:tfj;Fu ;bgdf btf{ u/fpg';\ . olb
kf; eof] eg] Dofb klg ylkG5 /
;f]xL ljw]oscg';f/ gofF /fli6o
;xdltsf] ;/sf/ klg aG5 . olb
ePg eg] dfcf]jfbLn] ;+ljwfg;efsf]
Dofb klg yKg'xG' g / ljwflosfaf6
klg Ph] G 8f ldNg] bn;lxt
aflxl/g'k5{ . olb ;+s6sfn nufP/
;}lgs zf;gsf] cf8df d'ns ' rnfpg
vf]lhof] eg] To;sf] lj?4 ef]ln ;a}
tkfO{ + x n] ln8 ug{ ' k of] eg] /
dfcf]jfbLnfO{ cg'/f]w ug{ cfpF5g\ .
/ljGb| ld> M tkfO{x+ ul/asf
nflu ug]{ b]z agfpg] eg]/ nfUg'eof]
/ 7"nf] xb;Dd lhTg'eof] . t/, clxn]
lht]sf] o'4 xfg]{ xf] ls eGg] ;Defjgf
a9]/ uPsf] b]lv/x]sf] 5' . ;f7L jif{bl] v
b]z agfpg] k|of; u/]sf] ub{} 5f}F
agfPsf 5}gf},F clxn] klg Tof] ;Defjgf
6/]/ uof] eg] c? bzsf}F nfUg ;S5 .
ul/axsf nflu eg]/ n8\ge' of], n8]/
dg{ ls u/]/ dg{] eGg] xf] d'Vo s'/f
xf] . oxL lxaf;n] n8\b} hfg'eof] eg]
n8\g t ;Sg'xf]nf / Oltxf; t
agfpg'xf]nf . t/ d'Vo s'/f Oltxf;
agfpg] ls b]z agfpg] eGg] xf] .
cfGtl/s / afXo /fhgLltdf
s'6gLlts bIftfsf] cefj b]lvPsf]
5, ;+lawfg;ef la36g eof] eg] n8\g]
af6f]df hfg'eof] eg] Tof] n8fOF w]/}
nfdf] ;do;Dd rln/xnf / km]l/
tkfO{x+ n] of] df}sf kfpg'xg' ] 5}g .
clxn] /fhgLlt o:tf] l:ylt cfOk'us ] f]
5 hxfF tkfO{x+ n] a9L ;Demf}tf ug{k' g]{
cj:yf 5 . tkfO{ x em' s ] /
tkfO{x+ n] xfg{' x'Gg .
;f] d t l3ld/] M hxfF ; Dd
;+ljwfg;efsf] lg/Gt/tfsf] k|Zg 5,
To;df ;+ljwfg;ef lj36gkl5
dfcf]jfbLsf] kmf];{ s] x'g] eGg]df Wofg
k' / fpg' k 5{ . ;+ l jwfg;ef ca
oyfl:yltjfbLsf] qmL8f:yn aGof],
To;nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg' eg] s f]
oyfl:yltnfO{ dnhn ug{ xf] /
;+qmd0fsfnnfO{ nDafpg' xf] .
xl/ /f]sf M nf]s/fh a/fnn]
eg]h:tf] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ zflGtk"0f{
r'gfj;Dd k'Ug lbG5g eGg] dnfO{
nfUb}g\ . dfcf]jfbLnfO{ h;/L klg
k'ofpg vf]lhPsf] o'4d} xf], tkfO{x+ n]
v'f sdfpg] ls bx|f] v'f agfpg] eGg]
xf] . ;+ljwf;g;efaf6 gofF ;+ljwfg
aG5 eGg] klg dnfO{ nfUb}g .
Zofd >]i7 M tkfO{x+ n] kl/jt{g
Ph]08nfO{ eGbf ;/sf/nfO{ a9L
k|fyldstf lbg'eof] . ;Qfsf] n8fOFdf
cu|ufdL kl/jt{gsf Ph]G8f cf]em]n k/] .
;/sf/sf] g]t[Tj ls kl/jt{gsf]
Ph]G8f;lxtsf] ;+ljwfg;ef eGg] 5gf}6
ug{k' g]{ cj:yfdf dfcf]jfbL k'Uof] eg]
kl/jt{gsf] Ph]G8f;lxtsf] ;+ljwfg;efnfO{
dfcf]jfbLn] 5fGg'k5{ . ;/sf/sf] g]tT[ j
Tofu u/]/ eP klg ;+ljwfg;ef
arfpg';\ t/ kl/jt{gsf] Ph]G8f
g5f8\g;' \ . ;/sf/sf] g]tT[ jdf klg ljrf/
ug{ ;lsG5 eg]/ Pp6f sf8{ vf]Ng'eof]
t/ ljrf/ dfq ug{] xf] v'nf g} ug{] xf] <
km]l/ dfcf]jfbL g]tT[ j :jLsfg{ t/ k|r08sf]
g]tT[ j g:jLsfg{] eGg] s'/f klg cfPsf]
Tof] eof] eg] s] ug{ tkfO{x+ n] < zflGtk"0f{
n8fOFnfO{ 6'f]df k'ofpg] xf] eg]
;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb yKg'k5{ .
pQm cj;/df 8f= afa' / fd
e/fO{n] ;xefuLxsf ;'emfj /
k|Zgdfly l6Kk0fL ub}{, xfdL oxL
k|lqmofaf6} cufl8 a9\g] xf], zflGt /
;+ljwfgsf nflu ;xdlt u/]/ cl3
a9\g] eGg] ljifodf kf6L{leq s'g} dt
ljefhg 5}g . xfdLn] hlxn] klg Pp6}
lg0f{ o u/] s f 5f} F , Tof] eg] s f]
;+ljwfg;efsf] dfWodaf6 kl/jt{gsf
Ph]G8f ;'lglZrt ug{ eGg] xf] . t/,
M clxn] ;+ljwfg;efnfO{ aGws agfpg],
dfcf]jfbLnfO{ unfpg], ysf{pg] /
oyfl:yltdf n}hfg] if8\oGq eO/x]sf]
5 . xfdL oyfl:ylt / lwdf kl/jt{gsf
kIfdf 5}gf}F, xfdLn] tLj| kl/jt{g
rfx]sf xf}F . ;+ljwfg;efsf] ;do
;lsPnf ls eGg] lrGtf pgLxnfO{
5}g, To;}n] uPsf 5 dlxgfb]lvsf
jftf{df s'g} tTk/tf 5}g pgLxsf
tkm{af6 . xfdL ;+ljwfg;ef arfpg
clGtd ;do;Dd kxn u5f}}{+ t/
arfpg] gfddf oyfl:yltdf x/fpg
klg rfxGgf}F . xfdLnfO{ /fd|f; ] uF yfxf
5, clxn] ;+ljwfg;ef e ubf{
;/sf/sf] kmf}hL tof/LnfO{ an k'U5 .
sltko ;fyLxn] of] k|lqmofaf6 lkmtf{
x'g] jf j}slNks df]8ndf hfg
vf]hs ] f] xf] ls eGg] cfz+sf ug{e ' of] .
xfdL of] k|lqmofaf6 lkmtf{ x'g] of]hgfdf
5}gf},F t/ xfdLn] rfx]sf] k/Dk/fut
nf] s tGqdfq xf] O g . kl/jt{ g ,
;dfj]zLs/0fdf d'2f;d]t ;d]l6Psf]
hgtfsf] nf] s tGq vf] h ] s f] xf] .
;dfg'kflts k|ltlglwTjsf cfwf/df
Pp6f ;"q agfP/ /fli6o ;xdltsf]
;/sf/ agfpF eGg] xfd|f] egfO xf] .
xfdLn] ;/sf/nfO{ dfq hf]8 u/]sf
xf]Ogf}F} t/ /fli6o ;xdlt geO{ ;+ljwfg
aGg ;Sb}g . To;sf nflu /fli6o
;xdltsf] ;/sf/ klxnf] ;t{ xf] eGg]
xfd|f] egfO xf] . zflGt / ;+ljwfgeGbf
7"nf] ;/sf/ x'g ;Sb}g . csf]{ s'/f
JolStsf ljifodf ax; ug]{ plrt
5}g . klxn] /fli6o ;xdlt u/f}F clg
g]tT[ jsf] ljifodf 5nkmn u/f}n F f /
;xdlts} cfwf/df g]tT[ j u/f}n F f eg]sf]
xf] . t/ ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb ;lsg
cf7 lbg dfq afFsL /xFbf klg jftf{sf
nflu pgLxsf] s'g} tTk/tf 5}g .
xfd|f] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7s a:b}5,
To;af6} xfdLn] ca s;/L cl3 a9\g]
eGg] d'2f to ug{ 5f}F . hxfF;Dd !%
ut]sf] sfo{qmd 5, Tof] ;+ljwfg hf/L
ug{] sfo{qmd xf]Og, gofF ;+ljwfgsf nflu
xfd|f] kf6L{sf ;'emfj h'g ;+ljwfg;efdf
k]; ul/Psf] lyof] To;nfO{ g} PsLs[t
u/]/ ;fj{hlgs ug{ nfluPsf] xf] .
gofF ;+ljwfgsf nflu xfd|f] tof/L dfq
b]vfpg vf]lhPsf] xf] .
ljlrq ;+;f/
nfh nfUg]nfO{ ;'ljwf
jois dlxnfxnfO{ cfgf klt jf of}g;fyL;Fu ljgfs08d of}g;Dks{
u/]kl5 cfgf] k]6leq ue{ /x], g/x]sf] s'/fdf lrGtf x'g ;S5 . sf]xL ue{
k/LIf0fsf nflu c:ktfn k'U5g\ eg] sf]xL nfhsf sf/0f k/LIf0f gu/fO{ 3/d}
a:5g\ . ue{k/LIf0f ug{ 8/fpg] dlxnfxsf] nflu a]nfotsf j}1flgsxn]
3/d} klg ue{sf] k/LIf0f ug{ ;lsg] ls6 k|ljlw ljsl;t u/]sf 5g\ .
o;;DaGwdf 8f= ldslno; u'/n ] eG5g\ aflx/ c:ktfndf ue{k/LIf0f ug{
nfh dfGg] dlxnfxn] 3/d} a;]/ o;sf] k/LIf0f ug{ ;S5g\ . o;sf nflu
;j{ky| d ahf/df pknAw ls6 lsg]/ Nofpg'k5{ . of] Ps lsl;dsf] emf]n g}
xf] . pQm emf]ndf lk;fa ld;fpg'k5{ . of] k/LIf0fdf lk;fasf] / klxn]sf]
eGbf km/s b]lvof] eg] ue{ /x]sf] k'li6 x'G5 . 8f= ldslno; eG5g\ ue{
/x]sf] yfxf kfpg] c zf/Ll/s nIf0fx klg 5g\ . h:t} ue{ /x]sf] 5 eg]
:tg g/d / 7"nf] x'G5 . slxn]sfxL+ :tg / d'G6f] b'vs ] f] klg cg'ej x'G5 .
lk;fa w]/} k6s nfU5 . jfsjfsL nfU5 . ufnfdf km';f| k] g / bfu klg
b]vfk5{ . o:tf] cj:yfdf rfF8f]eGbf rfF8f] glhs}sf] c:ktfn jf lSnlgsdf
k'u/] :jf:Yo k/LIf0f u/fpg' /fd|f] x'G5 .
lzz' ue{d} xf:5g\
hGdg'eGbf klxn] klg lzz'x xfF:g] / ?g] u5{g\ . cN6f;fpG8 :Soflg+u
d]l;gsf] ;xfotfn] ue{df /x]sf] lzz'sf] cg'xf/ x]g{ ;lsg] ;kmntf
lrlsT;sxnfO{ k|fKt ePsf] 5 . clxn];Ddsf] ljZjf;cg';f/ hlGdPsf]
w]/} ;dokl5 g} lzz'x cfgL cfdfnfO{ b]v]/ xfF:g / ?g l;S5g\ eGg]
lyof] . t/ k|f]km];/ :6'c6{ SofDkj]nn] cfgf] jiff}{+sf] cg';Gwfgkl5 of]
/f]rs tYo k|sfzdf NofPsf 5g\ . a]nfotsf 8f= SofDa]n ;g\ @))! b]lv
g} cfgf] d :Sofg/sf] ;xfotfn] ue{df x'ls{/x]sf] lzz'sf] cWoog ul//x]sf
lyP . cg';Gwfgsf] qmddf pgn] ue{df xfjf gx'bF f klg lzz' Zjf; lngsf
nflu rln/xG5 eGg] yfxf kfP . ue{:y lzz'x pHofnf] gx'Fbf klg cfFvf
lemDSofpF5g\ . lzz'sf] cg'xf/df hGd]sf] k|foM ^ xKtfkl5 dfq xfF;s ] f] efj
cfpF5 . 8f= SofDkj]nsf cg';f/ d :Sofg/sf] ;xfotfn] lzz'sf] cfFvfsf]
k'tnL 3'ld/x]sf] dfq b]Vg ;lsGYof] . t/ d :Sofg/sf] d2taf6 pgLxn]
cFWof/f]df cfFvf vf]Nb}, aGb ub}{ ul//x]sf] b]Vg ;lsG5 . ;fy} !% ;ftfkl5
lzz'xn] xft rnfpg k|f/De u5{g\ . !* ;ftfkl5 xfO{ sf9\g / xfF:g
yfN5g\ . @^ ;ftfdf lzz'x cfFvf lemDSofpg / ?g klg yfN5g\ .
;|ft] M ;LPgPg
OG6/g]6 ntsf] pkrf/
OG6/g]6sf] nt nfu]sf dflg;n] ca n08gsf] Pp6f c:ktfndf uP/
o;af6 5'6sf/f kfpg] ;Sg] ePsf 5g . @* lbg;Dd ul/g] of] pkrf/
ljz]ifu/L sDKo'6/ u]d / ;fdflhs ;hf{n ;fO6k|lt cfzSt eO;s]sf
o'jfxsf nflu xf] . h;nfO{ cfgf] hLjg OG6/g]6ljgf rNb}5 pgLxnfO{
oxfF pkrf/ ul/G5 . o:tf o'jfx OG6/g]6 gkfPkl5 lj/fdLem} x'g] ub{G5 .
o; k|sf/sf] nt cgnfOg u]dh:tf lrhdf a?b5 . hxfF u]d ;lsg] gfd
g} lnOb}g . n08gl:yt of{lkof] gfOl6+un c:ktfndf of] pkrf/ k4lt ;'?
u/]sf 5g\ 8f= l/r8{u|fxdn] . 8f= u|fxd eG5g, o;k|sf/sf] ntaf6
tkfO+{sf] hLjgsf] afFsL If]q k|efljt x'g ;Sb5 . hLjgsf afFsL
ultljlwxdf ;xefuL x'g] o'jfxsf] Ifdtf k|efljt ug{;Sb5 . o?olk
8f= u|fxdn] eg] ls o:tf] xf]Og ls pkrf/kl5 tkfO{+ Psbd;Fu OG6/g]6sf]
k|of]u g} aGb ug{x'g]5 . blIf0f k"jL{ Pl;ofdf cgnfOg of{Daln lSnlgs
o;cl3 g} 7'nf] ;+Vofdf v'ns] f 5g . To; If]qdf dflg;x er{cn jn{8df
w]/} ;do gi6 ub{5g . kl/0ffdtM dflg;sf] c;n hLjgdf w]/} ;d:ofx
pTkGg eO/x]sf] 5 . o;af/]df ;a}eGbf gofF Pp6f pbfx/0f 5 blIf0f
sf]l/ofnL bDklQsf] . of] bDklQ lbgdf !@!@ 306f;Dd cgnfOg u]d
v]ln/x]sf lyP . To;}n] pgLxsf aRrfn] ef]ssf sf/0f Hofg u'dfP . 8f=
u|fxdsf cg';f/ pkrf/ tLg r/0fdf tof/ ul/Psf] 5 . ;'?jfdf
;fOsf]y]/fkLsf] dfWodaf6 dflg;sf] ;d:of ;'NemfOG5 . cl3Nnf] r/0fdf
OG6/g]6;DaGw ntnfO{ sdhf]/ ug{ / o;nfO{ ;dfKt ug{sf nflu k|fT] ;flxt
ul/G5 . cGTodf /f]uLnfO{ Jofod ug{ / kl/jf/, ;fyLsfaLr ;do latfpgsf
nflu k|f]T;flxt ul/G5 . aLaL;L
gf]an] k'/:sf/sf] bfj]bf/df OG6/g]6 klg
o; jif{sf] gf]a]n zflGt k'/:sf/sf] bfj]bf/L ug{df @#& dWo] OG6/g]6
klg ;xefuL ePsf] 5 . o; k6s !(( JolStsf ;fy gfdf+sg ;"rLdf #*
j6f ;+:yf klg ;xefuL /x]sf 5g\ . ;jf{lws gfdf+sg ePsf] o;cl3sf]
/]s8{ ;g @))( lyof] . Tolta]nf gf]a]nzflGt k'/:sf/sf nflu @)%
JolSt tyf ;+:yfsf] gfd cl3 a9fOPsf] lyof] . ut jif{sf] gf]a]n zflGt
k'/:sf/ cd]l/sL /fi6klt af/fs cf]afdfnfO{ k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . gf]a]n
zflGt k'/:sf/sf nflu OG6/g]6sf] gfd k|ljlw ljifos klqsf jfo8{] cl3
a9fPsf] xf] . klqsfn] s'/fsfgL, ax; / ;xdlt ;Dej agfpg OG6/g]6sf]
e"ldsf dxTjk"0f{ /x]sf] eGb} o;nfO{ of] k'/:sf/af6 ;Ddflgt ug{ cfjZos
/x]sf] hgfPsf] 5 . OG6/g]6nfO{ k'/:s[t ug{ l;kmfl/; ug{dWo]df @))#
sf gf]a]n zflGt k'/:sf/ k|fKt ug{ lzl/g OjfbL / Ps ;o 8n/df of{k6k
kl/of]hgfsf lgsf]n; lgu|fk] f]G6] ;+nUg 5g\ . o; k6ssf] cf/lDes ;"rdf
?;L dfgjclwsf/ sfo{stf{ :j]tnfgf ug'lZsgf / lrlgofF /fhgLlts
sfo{stf{ lnp lzofaf]sf] gfd klg 5 . ;"rLnfO{ ( dfr{sf gj{sf kf+r
;b:oLo gf]a]n ;ldltn] d~h'/L lbPsf] 5 . gf]a]n ;+:yfgn] To;f] t
gfdf+lst JolSt / ;+:yfgxsf] gfd ;fj{hlgs ub}{g . t/ gfdf+lst ug{]
JolStxdfly o:tf] s'g} aGwg klg x'+b}g . gf]a]n ;+:yfgsf lgb]{zs u}/
n'g]6f{n] eg], of] jif{sf] zflGt k'/:sf/ ljh]tfsf] 3f]if0ff * cS6f]a/df
ul/g]5 . pgn] eg], k'/:sf/sf] /fzL ut jif{} a/fa/ /xg] cfzf u/]sf
5f} . pNn]vgLo 5, ;g\ @))( df zflGt k'/:sf/ ljh]tf cd]l/sL /fi6klt
af/fs cf]afdfnfO{ ! s/f]8 :jLl8; qmf]g/ /sd lbOPsf] lyof], h'g !$
nfv cd]l/sL 8n/ a/fa/ xf] . clxn];Dd of] :ki6 5}g ls olb of]
jif{gf]a]n zflGt k'/:sf/sf nflu OG6/g]6nfO{ 5gf]6 ul/of] eg] k'/:sf/
/fzL s:sf] xft nfUg]5 . o?olk OG6/g]6nfO{ k'/:sf/ lbnfpg] cleofgdf
OG6/g]6 km/ lk; gfds Pp6f ;+ul7t ;+:yfn] cleofgsf kdf sfd
ul//x]sf] 5 . Ph]G;L
@)^& ;fn h]7 ( ut] cfOtaf/
dxfkfksf] lahg]; M g]6jls{
lsGb/ /fO{
>dnfO{ clt Odfgbf/ nfu]sf]
Pshgf efOn] w]/} jif{sf] cGt/fndf
kmf]g u/]/ eGof] bfO tkfO{; + uF Pp6f
lalhg];sf] s'/f ug{ lyof], slxn]lt/
k'm;{b x'G5 e]6/] s'/f u/f}gF . xf] g xf]
;fgf] ltgf] cfg} lalhg]; ug{ efOn]
cfgf] lalhg]; lj:tf/ ug]{ ePsf]n]
;Nnfx ug{ ljrf/ u/]5 xf]nf, ;f]emf]
dfG5] oxL ;f]lrof] . ef]lnkN6 e]6g\ ]
;Nnfxadf]lhd shj]al] :yt leS6f]l/of
kfs{ g lhssf] Pp6f sdl;{ o n
lalN8tkm{ lnP/ uof] efOn] . p ToxL
lalN8sf] !# tnfdf xf], efOn] b]vfpFb}
eGof] . efOsf] lalhg]; t klxn] u|fp08
n]endf lyof] To;}n] z+sf nfUof] . t/
lalhg];sf] k|sl[ t w]/} lsl;dsf] x'G5 .
;fdfGo pkef]Uoj:t'sf] Jofkf/ t s}oF f}F
tnfdfly x'g ;S5 eg] efOsf] lalhg];
klg !# tnfdf x'g' :jfefljs} xf]nf
7fg]F . x]gx{] f];\ g bfO d of] lalN8df
s}of}F k6s cfPsf] /x]5' t/ of] !#
tnfdf gk'us ] f] /x]5' . efOdf n'ss
/x:odo k|folZrtsf] dx;'; u/]F d}n] .
efOsf] lalhg];nfO{ s]xL df]l8kmfO8
ul/Psf] xf]nf, oxL ;Dem]F . clg d}n]
efOnfO{ ;f]w,F] efOn] oxfF lalhg]; ug{
yfn]sf] rflxF slt eof] lg < ToxfF nfu]sf]
t ev{/ xf] . ptf klxn]sf]df rflxF
Pshgf dfG5] /fv]sf] 5' / d otf ca
k"0f{sfnLg eP/ nfUg] ljrf/ u/]sf] 5',
eljio Psbd /fd|f] 5 . o;f] eg]kl5
d}n] olt;Dd yfxf kfPF of] lalhg];
efOsf] ;flassf] eGbf leGb} /x]5 . !#
tnfsf] Pp6f eJo nf6df k|jz
ug{e' Gbf cufl8 cfO8L sf8{ b]vfpg'
kbf] { / x] 5 . s' g } Pp6f ;] S o' l /6L
sDkgLaf6 g]kfnL g} ;]So'l/6L uf8{
/flvPsf] /x]5 . sDkgLsf] xnleq k|jz
u/]kl5 efOn] sDkgLsf] gfd ePsf]
;fOaf]8{ b]vfpFb} sDkgLsf] 5f]6f] kl/ro
lbP . sDkgLsf] gfd /x]5 l8l;PrPn .
leQfdf 6fFl; /x]sf] tLghgfsf] ;+oS' t
kmf]6f] b]vfpFb} o; sDkgLsf] d'Vo af];
eg]/ lrgfP . af]; tfOjfgsf] / kf6{g/
k|mfG;sf] /x]5 . d'Vo xnleq k|jz
ul/;Sbf d Pp6f ;fgf];fgf] d]nfdf
k|jz] u/]h:tf] nfUof], stfstf dsfpsf]
h'jf 3/h:tf] nfUg] htftt} dfG5]sf]
em'08em'08 b]lvGYof] / 6]an ' jl/kl/
ukm ul//x]sf] lyof] . Pshgfn] @#
hgf $% hgfnfO{ k9fO/x]sf] lyof] .
Ps 7fpFdf eg] ;fgf];fgf] n]Sr/ g}
eO/x] s f] lyof] , ToxfF ;a} h ;f]
rfOlghx lyP . bfOg]klsf] tNnf]
sg{/ ;fO8df g]kfnL / Ol08ogxsf]
e'm08x lyof] . e'Os F f] sfk]6{ htftt}
gff] sf7b]lvg] u/L bf]la|Psf] t st}
st} kmf6]sf] lyof] / w'nw} n ' f]sf] kqx
3LgnfUbf] u/L b]lvGYof] . hyfefjL
/flvPsf ;;fgf ofsxdf k':ts
klqsfx nyfln;Fu 5l//x]sf lyP .
dnfO{ lnP/ hfg] efOn] cln l;lgo/
efOnfO{ af]nfof] / kl/ro u/fof] . Tof]
gofF / l;lgo/ efOn] e]6g\ l] altSs}
;f]lwxfNof], tkfO{n+ fO{ oxfF cfOk'Ubf s:tf]
nfUof] < d}n] hjfkm kmsf{pg'eGbf cufl8
g} /]l8d]8 hjfkm cfkm}nF ] eGof], ;/k|fOh,
cgf}7f], xf]Og t < xfdLnfO{ klg klxn]
To:t} nfu]sf] lyof] . t/ x]g; {' \ bfO,
dfG5]n] a'em]kl5 dfq yfxf kfpF5 o;sf]
sdfn, kf/Lsf] rfOlghx t ;a
o;}sf] nflu cfO/x]sf 5g\ . a:g]
s';L{tkm{ nfUbf gnfUb} d}n] b'jh } gfsf]
cfFvf x]b{} :ki6;Fu elglbPF, of] xhf/f}F
dfG5] 8'afP/ Psfwhgf dfnfdfn x'g]
g]6j\ ls{ lalhg]; xf] eg]rflxF dnfO{
geGg' xf]nf x} . xQ]l/sf sfF t]:tf] x'g,'
of] t Psbd /fd|f] xf], of] t cfkm}n
ug{k' g]{ lalhg]; xf] . hlt ug{ ;Sof]
plt kmfObf x'g] . To;f] eP l7s}5,
a'emf}g t d}n] eg] . lalhg];df laqmL
ul/g] ;fdfg Pp6f uf]nf] lkFw ePsf]
uf9f xl/of] /sf] cfwf ln6/ hlt
3gTj ePsf] l;;L b]vfpFb} efOn]
lalhg];sf] JofVof ;'? uof] . o;
sDkgLn] k| j fx ug{ ] rf/j6f
pTkfbgxdWo] of] Pp6f aQL klg
/x]5 . o;df ljleGg !( k|sf/sf]
t]ndWo] Ps lsl;dsf] xfn]/ afn]/ s]xL
If0f 5f]8k] l5 o;sf] tfltPsf] aQLsf]
6'l6n] t]nnfO{ afkm agfP/ jl/kl/
5f]8b\ f]/x]5 . o;/L t]nsf] jfkm egf}F
jf UofF;n] jl/kl/sf xfjf ;kmf ug],{
;f;;Fu} lglnP/ z/L/leq k;]kl5 o;n]
z/L/df ePsf] ljleGg /f]ux lgsf]
kfg{ ;S5 eg]/ To; efOn] JofVof u/] .
cfgf] >LdtLsf] 6fpsf] b'v/] a]xf];}
x'g] /f]u 8S6/n] lgsf] kfg{ g;s]sf]
o;n] r} lgsf] kf/]sf] s'/f klg ;'gfPF .
o;nfO{ bf];f| ] ljZj o'4df klg c:ktfndf
k|of]u u/]sf] / ;f;{ nfu]sf] a]nf
xssf] c:ktfnxdf /fVg eg]/
k|mfG; ;/sf/n] pkxf/ lbPsf] klg lyof]
/] o;sf] gfd NofDah{ /x]5 . o;nfO{
Pl;ofsf] cGt st} lsGg kfOFbg} vfnL
o;} sDkgLn] dfq laqmL ljt/0f
ubf]{/x]5 . st} g;'lgPsf] slxNo}
gb]lvPsf] t/ lgs} pkof]uL < elgPsf]
lhlg; b]Vg kfOof], Ps k|sf/ /fd|}
nfUof] . bf];f| ] pTkfbgdf cfof] jfOg .
jfOg ;a}n] yfxf kfOPsf] dlb/f t/ of]
eg] k|mfG;df ag]sf] AOC u|8] sf] jfOg
/] of] klg aflx/lt/ s'g} k;ndf klg
kfOFbg} /] bfd klg ;f]lwxfn],F af]tnsf]
] f] #$ ;o 8n/ k5{ xf]nf eg]F . -kl5
yfxf eof] o;nfO{ t & ;o kf] kbf]/{ x]5
o; l8l;Pron sDkgLsf] d"Nodf_ km]l/
lalhg];df of] ;fdfg kfPkl5 olb cfk"m
glkpg] eP c?nfO{ pkxf/ lbg ;lsG5
eg]/ efOn] ;'emfj klg lbOxfn] .
To;kl5 t];f| ] ;fdfgsf] s'/f cfof], of]rflxF
z/L/df d;fh ug{ dNxd t]n cflb xf]
/] rf}yf] ;fdfgxdf klg dlxnfxsf]
z[u+ f/sf] ;fdfgx /x]5 t/ of]rflxF
a]nfotsf] /fh3/gfn] k|of]u ug]{ u/]sf]
o;nfO{ o; sDkgLn] xfdLh:tf
] ;j{;fwf/0fn] ;d]t k|of]u ug{ kfpg]
agfOlbPsf] s'/f ;xif{ hfgsf/L u/fP
efOn] . of] klg cGt st} ahf/df lsGg
kfOFbg} /] . eg]kl5 rf/ lsl;dsf]
] ;fdfgdf Jofkf/ ug{ kg{ /x]5 -!_
:j:Yo /xg d2t ug{ NofDah{ eGg]
aQL, -@_ dlb/f jfOg, -#_ d;fh ug{xg' ]
t]n jf dNxd / -$_ dlxnfxsf]
z[f/sf] ;fwg . oLdflysf s'g} klg
pTkfbgx xfd|f] b}lgs hLjgdf
cTofjZos ;fwgdf kb}g{ g\ . d"Nosf]
] klg ljZjf; gePsf]n] o;nfO{ d}n]
kmsfpgL ;fdfg eGg dgfl;a 7fg]sf]
5' . t/ o;sf] ahf/df dfu x'G5 eg]
Jofkf/ ug}{ x'bF g} eGg] klg x'bF g} . olb
d"No ;j{;n' e lsl;dsf] 5 eg] ;fdfGo
pkef]Stxn] klg pkof]u ug{ g} 5g\ .
To;}n] !# !$ xhf/sf] hflu/ 5f]8/]
km]l/ af];n] af]nfpFbfaf]nfpFb} klg o;}df
k'mn 6fOd eP/ nfu]sf] eGg] efOsf]
k|;x /dfOnf lyP . t/, d]/f] lh1f;f
eg] Pp6} lyof] of] lalhg];df nfUbf
nufgL s] s;/L slt ug{k' g]{ xf] . dnfO{
eg] nfu]sf] lyof] oltsf ;f]emf] /
O{dfgbf/ efOn] NofPsf] x'gfn] nufgL
vf;} nufpg' kg]{ xf]Og xf]nf, nufpg}
k/] klg o;sf] ;femf] -;f]emf] laqmL
ljt/0f x'bF f] xf], sld;g vfg' kb{5 xf] .
nufgL / v6fO{
oxfF tLg lsl;dsf] nufgL x'bF f]/x]5 .
To;dWo] @) k|ltzt sld;g ePsf]
;aeGbf ;fgf] nufgLdf % xhf/ ltg{k' g]{
/x]5 / o;jfkt lalhg]; nfO;]G; /
dfly pNn]lvt ;fdfg kfOFbf]/x]5 . #*
k| l tzt sld;g;lxtsf] dWod
lsl;dsf] lalhg];df &) xhf/ nufgL
u/]/ () xhf/ a/fa/sf] ;fdfg
kfOF b f] / x] 5 / %) k| l tzt
sld;g;lxtsf] t] ; | f ] lsl;dsf]
lalhg];df tLg nfv #) xhf/ nufgL
kbf]/{ x]5 . oL df]6fdf]6L k|fjwfgafx]s
cGo k|fjwfg / lgodx y'k}| klg/x]sf
5g\ . ca cfof] o; lalhg];df k;]/
nfO;]G; xf]N8/xsf] sfd . k|To]s
F ] xf]N8/n] cfk"meGbf d'lg kfFr xhf/ ltg{
kfFrhgf cGo dfG5] vf]Hg]5g\ .
Pshgfn] kfFrhgf dfG5] vf]hk] l5
k|To]saf6 @) k|ltztsf] b/n] PsPs
xhf/ u/L cfgf] kfFr xhf/ psf:g]5g\
Pj+ /Ltn] kfFr hgfn] @% hgf, @%
hgfn] klg !@% hgf vf]Hg]5g\ . tL
!@% hgfn] klg %% hgfsf] b/n] ^@%
hgf vf]Hg]5g\ . o;/L cfk"meGbf d'lg
Pp6f lk/fldl8sn k aGbf]/x]5 . olt
eg]kl5 d}n] pxfFxnfO{ ;f]wF] of] t
g]6jls{u+ lalhg]; g} eof] gL xf]Og / <
efOx klg s] sd, u'?xaf6
x:tfGt/0f x'bF } cfPsf] k"jt{ of/L hjfkm
lbOxfn], xf]Og bfO g]6j{ s{ eg]/ dfq
x'bF g} lg, logLxsf] klg cfcfg} k|sl[ t
x'G5 lg . cflv/L oxfF Pp6f dMdM k;n
vf]lnof] eg] cfgf] ;fyLefOxnfO{ o;f]
kmf]gaf6 elgG5 lg, d}n] dMdM k;n
vf]ns ] f] 5', otfplt ;fyLefOxnfO{
klg va/ u/]/ cfpg] ug{ x} . of] klg
t Ps k|sf/ g]6jls{ g} t xf] lg,
xf]Og / < ts{sf] nflu t xf] eGg} kof] .
pxfFx >LdtL;lxt k"0f{sfnLgkdf
o;}df nfluk/]sf] / ca rfF8k} l| t dlxgf
$) xhf/ sld;g cfpg] nfu]sf] s'/fsf]
hfgsf/L lbP dnfO{ lnP/ hfg] efOn]
. pxfFx aLr d sltsf] glhssf]
dfG5] jf sltsf] ljZjfl;nf] dfG5] eGg]
s'/f lgs} lSno/ eP/ dfq s'/fsf]
yfngL u/]sf] Tof] efOn] dnfO{
lalhg];sf] af/]df ;DemfpFbf k|of]u u/]sf]
v];f| sfuh eg] lnP/ hfg lbPgg\ .
t/ cfgf] eg] cfO8L gDa/;d]t ;Dk"0f{
ljj/0f lnP/ /fv] .
cf;fdsf] ;fgf] syf
o; lalhg];sf] af/]df rrf{ ug]{
qmddf cln hfGg] efOn] of] Pp6f syf
klg ;//{ ;'gfpg Eofof] . syf o:tf] 5
M d'Vo e"ld rLgsf] cf;fdn] xssf]
s]6f;Fu lax] u/]kl5 Pp6f aRrf kfof] .
t/ s]6f sfd gnfUg] a/fnf ePsf]n]
pgn] lgs} b'Mv kfof] . aRrf / cfgf]
k]6 kfNg Pp6f /]i6'/fFdf ef8f dfg]
sfd ug{ yfNof] . o;} aLrdf kfFr xhf/
nufgL u/]/ g]6jls{ lalhg]; ;'? ug{
/ v6\g ;s] lj:tf/} dfnfdfn x'bF } hfg
;lsg] ;Nnfx lnP/ Pshgf dfG5] p;sf]
;Dks{df cfof] . pgn] a8f] bx|f] d'6' lnP/
kfFr xhf/ nufgL uof] / cfgf]
;fyLxnfO{ klg nfUg eGof] . t/ pgsf]
;fyLxn] pgsf] s'/f ;'gg] . s]xL
dlxgfkl5 pgsf] sld;g dlxgfsf] #)
$) xhf/ x'g yfNof] . o;} aLrdf pgL
km]l/ cl3 ef8f dfg] eP/ sfd u/]sf]
/]i6'/fFdf u|fxs eP/ cfof] . t/, pgsf
;fyLxn] lalhg];df 8'as ] f] x'gfn] ToxfF
uPsf] xf]nf eG7fg]/ lh:Sofpg yfNof]
cf;fd lalhg]; ul/; t < eg]/ .
Pskl5 csf]n{ ] o;/L lh:SofP kl5 pgn]
cGTodf k|ltdlxgf #)$) xhf/ sld;g
kfPsf] a}s + a's b]vfOlbof] . o;kl5 pgsf
tL ;a} lh:Sofpg] ;fyLxsf] d'vdf
a'hf] nfUof] / pgsf] ;fd'Gg]df pleg
klg ;s]g . of] syf egL ;s]kl5 Tof]
efOn] eg]sf] lyof] ls cfk"mn] % xhf/
lt/]/ nfO;]G; / ;fdfg lnPkl5 of]
kfFrhgfnfO{ cfgf] d'lg Nofpg' kfpg'
eg]sf] cfk"m;Fu ePsf] kfFrj6f dl0f
(Ruby) cfgf] dfG5]nfO{ afF8g\ ' h:tf]
xf] . o;/L df]6fdf]6L s'/f a'lem;s]kl5
afFsL s'/fx csf]{ k6s a'g] eg]/ d
ToxfFaf6 lx8]F . To;kl5 To; efOn] lbgdf
Pp6f kmf]g / P;PdP; k7fO/x]F . t/,
d}n] 6fb}{ uPF . t/ Tof] efOn] eg]sf]
syfn] dnfO{ of] n]v n]Vg k|l] /t u/]sf]
x'gfn] n]Vg a;]F . n, l7s} 5 of] lalhg];
/fd|f] xf] eg], xfdL ;a} dfG5] o;df
lsg gnfUg] . t/ ca x]/f}F o;f] ubf{ s]
x'G5 . ;a}n] o; lalhg];df nfu] s]
x'G5 < ;a{ky| d tkfO{+ Pshgfn] kfFr
xhf/ 8n/ lt/]/ ;fdfg;lxt Pp6f
lalhg]; nfO;]G; lng'xG' 5 . To;kl5
tkfO{n] kfFrhgf dfG5] vf]Hg'xg' 5
kfFr xhf/ ;fjfF klg lng'xg' 5 ] . Tof]
kfFrhgfn] km]l/ @% hgf vf]Hg]5g\ .
pgLxn] klg ;fjfF psf:g]5g\ /
tkfO{n + fO{ klg s]xL sld;g cfpg]5 .
Tof] @% hgfn] !@% hgf vf]Hg]5g\ .
!@% hgfn] ^@% hgf vf]Hg]5g\
Pj+/Ltn], olb of] lalhg];df ;+;f/df
ePsf ;Dk"0f{ 5 ca{ dfG5]n] ;xefuL
hgfof] eg] kGw|fF} :6]kdf Ps ca{ @@
s/f]8 dfG5]x ;fjfF psf:g] / sld;g
vfg]xdf kb{5g\ eg] afFsL tLg ca{
&* s/f]8 dfG5]x kfFr xhf/ lt/]/
kmsfpgL ;fdfg / nfO;]G; dfq lnP/
a;]sf] cj:yf x'g]5 . o;kl5 t
;+;f/el/sf dfG5] g} ;lsPsf] x'gfn]
s;}n] s;}nfO{ a]Rg] cj:yf g} /xFbg} .
olb klxn] lsg]/ dflyNnf] cj:yfdf
k'us ] fxn] klg k'gM kfFr xhf/ lt/]/
;xefuL eO{ tnsfxnfO{ psf:g] k|oTg
u/]/ o;nfO{ rqmLo k|0ffnL ckgfof] eg]
Ps k6s o:tf] laGb' cfOk'Ug]5 ls
;+;f/el/sf] ;a} k};fx o; sDkgLdf
hDdf x'g5 ] / o;sf] pTkfbgn] ;a}sf]
3/ el/g]5 . dflyNnf] txsfnfO{ s]xL
sld;g afF8/] oL ;a}sf] /sdx o;sf]
dflnssf] sDkgLdf s]lGb|st[ eP/ hDdf
x'g5] . o;kl5 cf;fdsf] syf oxfF cfP/
alNemG5 . ca pgsf] sld;g cfpg
aGb x'G5 . klxn] sdfPsf] k};f ;lsG5 .
pgL km]l/ ToxL klxn] cfk"mn] sfd u/]sf]
/]i6'/fFdf sfd vf]Hb} hflG5g\ . klxn] pgn]
sdfPsf] b]v/] To; /]i6'/fFdf sfd ug{
;a} sfdbf/ sd{rf/Lxn] %% xhf/
lt/]/ o; lalhg];df nfu]sf x'G5g\ .
o;dWo] Psb'O{ hgfsf] dfq ;fjfF p7]sf]
x'G5 / afFsL ;a}hgf ToxL tLg ca{ &*
s/f]8leq kb{5g\ . kfFr xhf/ vr{ u/]/
ToxL nfO;]G; t k|fKt u/]sf x'G5g\ s;}n]
s;}nfO{ cfgf]dfkm{t\ lalhg];df tfGg'kg]{
dfG5] kfpFbg} . lah'nLsf] lan ltg{ wf}
wf} ePsf] a]nf ToxL Uof; kmfNg] aQL,
lrof lkpg g;s]sf] a]nf ToxL slxn]sfxLF
dfq lkpg] u/]sf] jfOg, g'xfpg] ;fa'g
gePsf] a]nf cg]ssf z[f/sf ;fdfgx
3/df lelqPsf] x'g5 ] . pgLxnufot
tLg ca{ &* s/f]8 dfG5]sf] 3/df of]
xfnt x'G5 . ca ToxfF ePsf ;a}n]
pgnfO{ u'gf;f] ub{5g\ / pgsf] kfnf]
pgLxsf] cufl8 emf]qmfP/ a:g] x'G5 .
lbOg] ;fdfg, df5fnfO{ aN5Ldf rf/f] M
of] / cGo o:t} lalhg];df lbOg] h'g
;fdfgx x'G5g\ xfd|f] b}lgs hLjgdf
clgjfo{ xf]Ogg\ / o;df tf]lsPsf] d"Nodf
klg ljZjfz ug{ ;lsg] cfwf/ x'bF g} .
To;}n] o;nfO{ kmsfpgL ;fdfgeGbf
x'G5 . jfOg g} lkpg'k5{ eg] ;ft ;o
8n/ af]tn xfn]/ lkpg'k5{ eGg] 5}g .
cy{zf:qsf] efjgfcg';f/ hlt;Sbf]
;Lldt ;fwgxf/f g} cfjZostfsf]
k"lt{ ul/g' k5{ eGg] ;f]rfO h:tf];s ' }
;fdfGo dfG5]df k/]sf] x'gfn] o;
;fdfgsf] d"No / pkfb]otf b]v/] g}
dfG5]x klG5g] 5g\ . of] ;fdfGo cfly{s
cj:yfsf] dfG5]sf] nflu lanfl;tfsf]
;fdfg g} kb{5g\ . of] lalhg]; s]xL
u/L klg gfkmfdf hfg g;s]kl5 jf
k|rf/df cfpg g;s]kl5 lagf lj1fkg
k|rf/df NofO{ laqmL u/]/ dfnfdfn x'g]
Pp6f tl/sf dfq xf] . h'g j:t'nfO{
ahf/df laqmL ul/Fbg} To;nfO{ dfq o:tf
g]6jls{ lahg];df laqmL ug{s ' f] cy{
s] xf] < :ki6 5, o;f] ubf{ o;sf] d"No
hlt tf]s] klg eof] . h'g j:t'nfO{
ahf/ k|lt:kwf{ g} gu/L laqmL ug{
;lsG5 eg] !) 8n/sf] ;fdfgnfO{
!)) 8n/sf] elglbFbf s;n] yfxf kfpF5
/ < ;fdfGo cj:yfdf o;/L oxfF
kfFrhgf ;xfefuLxdWo] Pshgfsf]
;fjfF pS;]sf] x'G5 eg] afFsLxn]
clglR5t lanfl;tsf] ;fdfgdf
lalhg]; ;'? ePsf] e|ddf cg'ko'St
d"No lt/]/ a;]sf x'G5g\ . xf]Og eg]
o:tf] sDkgLxn] lsg dfG5]nfO{ rflxg]
cfwf/e"t / clgjfo{ ;dfgsf] laqmL
ub}g{ g\ < vfBGg, nQfsk8f cflbsf]
o:tf] lalhg]; u/]/ b]vfOlbP x'g] lyof]
lg olb ;xL sd{ ug{ xf] eg] . jf:tjdf
oxfF k|of]u ePsf] h]h:tf ;dfgx
5g\, of] df5f ;dfpgnfO{ aN5Ldf
/flvPsf] rf/f] dfq xf] hxfF *) k|ltzt
df5fx d5{ . rnfs / cufl8sfn]
dfq gfkmf u5{ . o:tf k|foM ;a}
] / lalhg];df cfg} dfG5]nfO{ 9fF6g\ ;Sg]
/ cufl8 k/]sfn] dfq ;fjfF psf;]/
gfkmfdf hfg ;S5G. cfgf] kfFr xhf/
nufgL eO;s]kl5 o;nfO{ psf:gnfO{
dfq eP klg Odfgbf/ dfG5] klg eP
gePsf] s'/fx nufP/ e'm6 af]Ng afWo
x'G5g\ . o;df tkfO{ cfgf] k'/fgf]
Odfgbfl/tfsf] 5lj tkfO{+ cfkm}n F ] yfx}
gkfO{ u'dfO;s]sf] x'g' x'g5 ] c? sf]xL
xf]Og cfg} 3/sf] dfG5]af6 z'? u/]/.
cfg} dfG5]n] eg]sf] dfq kof{pg]
;ef{jgf ePsf]n] cfgf]n] cfg}nfO{ o:tf]
of{j;fodf tfGg] ;ef{jgf /xG5. To;df
klg l;lgo/xn] cfk'mn] tL ;fdfgx
k|of]u u/]sf] / Psbd nfebfos ePsf]
s'/f eGg r'sfpFbg} G. tkfO{ xfdLnfO{
k'mSof{P/ olt dfly prfN5g\ ls dfgf}F
xfdL lalhg]; g} gyflnsg s/f]8klt
eO;s]sf5f}F . t/, of] jf:tjdf cfgf]
kml;;s]sf] k};fnfO{ s;/L psf:g] xf]
eg]/ u/]sf] Pp6f j]bgf klg xf] p;sf] .
s;}nfO{ s'g} klg Joj;fodf nufgL ug{
nufpg'eGbf cufl8 o;sf] ;jn kIf
/ hf]lvdL kIf b'j} atfpg'kg]{ sfg'gL
k|fjwfg x'G5 t/ oxfF o;sf] ;jn kIf
5
o'jf x's f/ ;fu/ kGt
lgif]wn] lgDTofpg] d'7e]8
gofF g]kfn lgdf{0f ug]{ dxfofqfsf] k|:yfgljGb' elgPsf] ;+ljwfg;ef olta]nf
e+u x'g] cj:yf cfPsf] 5 . /fhgLlts bnsf g]tfxn] hgtsf cufl8
vfPsf] s;d k"/f ug{ g;Sbf of] vt/gfs l:ylt b]vfk/]sf] xf] . ;a}n] rf]xsf]
zflGt / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f x'g] ;Defjgf oxL ;+ljwfg;efaf6 ;Dej gePsf]
ufOu'O klg ;'Gg yflnPsf] 5 . sf]xL tfhf hgfb]zsf] nflu k'gM lgjf{rgdfk{mt\
hgtfdf hfg'kg]{ atfO/x]sf 5g\ eg] sf]xL ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb yk]/ cufl8
a9\gk' g]{ cfjfh p7fO/x]sf 5g\ . nfdf] Tofuaf6 k|fKt ;+ljwfg;efnfO{ s'g}
klg xfntdf e+u ug{ gx'g] ljrf/ hg:t/df hf]8tf]8n] p7]sf] 5 . o;;Fu;Fu}
w]/s} f] dgdl:t:sdf h]7 !$ kl5sf] kl/b[Zo s:tf] x'g] eGg] sf}tx' ntf
5fPsf] b]lvG5 . zx/sf] cflnl;g dxndf a:g] b]vL b"/b/fhsf e'mk8Ldf
a:g]x;Ddsf] Wofg h]7 !$ kl5 sf] kl/b[Zodf s]lGb|t 5 . pgLxdf Ps
k|sf/sf] qf;bL 5fPsf] 5 . ca s] x'g] xf] eGb} hgtf g]tfxaf6 To;sf]
lrQ a'bf] hjfkm vf]lh/x]sf 5g\ . bnsf g]tfxn] hgtfnfO{ :ki6 kdf
h]7 !$ kl5sf] cj:yfsf] af/]df atfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . ;a} cfcfgf]
z}nLdf ts{ljts{ ul//x]sf 5g\ . ljleGg rf]O6] bnxsf hglt/:s[t
JolQmxsf] x'naf6 lgdf{0f ePsf] u7aGwg ;/sf/ zflGt / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf]
af6f]df nfUg'eGbf efFhf] xfNgdf Jo:t b]lvG5 . o;sf] k'li6 :jod dlGqkl/ifb\sf
;b:oxsf lqmofsnfkn] u/]sf] 5 .
d'n's clglZrt lbzftk{m cu|;/ ePsf] cg'dfg ug{ ufx|f] kb}{g .
;xdlt / ;xsfo{sf] /fhgLlt ub}{ cfPsf] k|rf/ ug]{ s]xL bnx cfcfg}
x7df nfu]kl5 cfk}Fmn] tf]s]sf] gofF ;+ljwfg hfl/x'g] ;do clglZrt aGb}
uPsf] 5 . /fhgLlts j[Qdf olta]nf cgf}7f] rl/q b]vfkg{ yfn]sf] dx;';
ug{ ufx|f] kb}g{ . u7aGwg ;/sf/sf k|wfgdGqL :jod cfk"m ;+ljwfg;efsf]
lj/f]wL /x]sf] v'Ndv'Nnf 3f]if0ff ul//x]sf 5g\ . ;+ljwfg;efdf hfg' ulNt
ePsf] eGb} pgn] 3f]/ hg3ftL cleJolQm lbPsf 5g\ . ;+ljwfg;efsf]
tf]lsPsf] Dofb ;lsg sl/a Ps xKtf dfq afFsL /xFbf k|wfgdGqLaf6 o:tf]
cleJolQm cfpg'sf] dxTjk"0f{ cy{ /xG5 . ca of] d''n'sdf s]xL u8a9L
x'Fb}5 Tof] u8a9L v'Ndv'Nnf 3f]if0ff u/]/} x'g] ;+s]t b]lvg yfn]sf] . oxL
;dodf b]zL ljb]zL k|ltufdL zlQmx ;Nanfpg yfn]sf 5g\ . s;}af6
lgolGqt u7aGwg ;/sf/n] h] rfx]sf] lyof] ca ToxL x'g] lglZrt ePsf]
5 . hghgsf] cfsf+IffnfO{ j]jf:tf ul/Fbf cfh d'n's eofex l:yltdf
clNemg k'u]sf] xf] . o;af6 5'6sf/f kfpg hgtf k'gM Ps k6s cfcfgf]
7fpFaf6 p7\g'k5{ h'6\g'k5{ .
olta]nfsf] d'Vo 6s/fj eg]sf] zflGt rfxg] / d'7e]8 rfxg] aLrsf]
xf] . ;/sf/df ;xefuL bnx k|d'v k|ltkIfL bnnfO{ lgif]w u/]/ ufl8
a9\g vf]lh/x]sf 5g\ . hasL ;+ljwfg;efsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] bnsf] kdf
v8f 5 . dfcf]jfbL p;nfO{ lgif]w u/]/ cufl8 a9\g vf]Hg] cGo bnxsf]
d'Vo gLlt g} clxn] ;a}eGbf vt/gfs b]lvPsf] 5 . h;n] ubf{ cGtl/d
cj:yfdf afFr]sf] hglgjf{lrt ;+ljwfg;ef ;d]t e+u u/]/ cufl8 a9\g
vf]Hg] u7aGwg ;/sf/sf] c3f]lift gLlt g} d'n'sdf d'8e]8 lglDTofpg]
dxTjk"0f{ s8Lsf] kdf cufl8 cfPsf] 5 ct x'g] d'7e]8n] ;a}nfO{ lhtfpg]
5}g, ;a}n] xfg]5 { g . o;sf] ;Fu;Fu} xfd|f] :jflefgn] xfg]5{ g, xfd|f] /fli6otfn]
xfg]{5 . ;a}n] lhTg] dfu{ klxNofP/ cufl8 a9\g' g} tTsfnLg ult/f]wsf]
;dfwfg xf] . o;sf] nflu ;a} bnxn] hgtf /fi6 / /fli6otfk|ltsf]
cfgf] st{Joaf]w dx;'; ub}{ k"/f ug{ lxrlsrfpg' x'bF g} . ;xdltsf] cfwf/df
;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb yk]/ c;dlt /x]sf] afFsL d'2fxdf l56f]eGbf l56f]
;xdlt u/]/ blIf0fkGyLxsf] if8oGqnfO{ lr/flr/f kfg{ ;a} nfuf}F .
panta_sagar@yahoo.com
dfq p/fn]/ dfG5]nfO{ axsfOG5 t/ yfxf kfpg ufx|f] x'G5 lsgeg] xfdLnfO{
o;sf] s'g} klg hf]lvdL kIf atfOPsf] elgPsf] g} xFb' g} . t/ ha pgLxn]
x'bF g} . of] jf:tjdf Pp6f sfg'gL ck/fw /fd|/L kmsfpg yfN5g\ o;}af6 yfxf
kgL xf] . ;/sf/n] lsg k|ltaGw kfpg' kg]{ x'G5 of] ultnf] sfd xf]Og .
nufpFbg} < cfh;Dd ultnf] sfddf s;}n] s;}nfO{
xhf/f}sF f] /sdn] Psfwhgf df]6fpg] slGeG; ug{ / kmsfpg' k5{h:tf]
lk/fldl8sn g]6jls{ lalhg];nfO{ ;a} nfUb}g . xfn;Ddsf] cg'ejnfO{ x]bf{ of]
b]zn] dfGotf glbP klg s]xL b]zn] ;Lldt cjlwsf] nflu dfq l6s]sf]5 .
dfGotf lbO/x]sf]5 . clwsf+z hgtf em'n'Ss em'Ns]/ x/fOxfNg] o:tf
7luG5g\ eGg] hfGbfhfGb} klg s/sf] lalhg];n] s]xLnfO{ s]xL cjlwsf] nflu
bfo/fdf cfO;s]kl5 sf/jfxL ug{k' g]{ s]xLdfly p7fPsf] h:tf] b]lvP klg
bx|f] sfg'gL cfwf/ gkfPsf]n] klg o;f] cGTodf ;fdfGo hLjgdf klxn]sf] cfg}
ePsf]5 . jf:tjdf of] k'h F Ljfbsf] r/d k];fdf kmls{g' k/]sf] s6';To xfd|f] cufl8
ljs[lt xf] . b]zdf olb ;a}n] ax'ljjfx 5Fb5} . uf]N8 Sj]:6df /ftf/ft wgL
u5{ eg] ax'ljjfxlj?4sf] sfg'g Nofpg x'g nfu]sf] cfef; kfP/ ca rfF8}
cfjZos g7flgPem}F o; lalhg];df klg cd]l/sfdf 3/ lsGg] x}l;ot x'g nfu]sf]
h;/L x'G5 sdfpsf] cjwf/0ff ePsf] g]kfnLx k'gM s'NnL sfddf kms]s { f]
b]zdf o:tf] ePsf] x'g;S5 . To;df pbfx/0fx xfd|} cufl8 5g\ .
klg s;}nfO{ slGeG;\ u/]/ lalhg];df pk;+ x f/
nufpFbf l7s a]l7s 5'6o\ fpg] sfd of] jf o:t} g]6jls{ lalhg];df
cfg} xf] eg]/ ;/sf/ / sfg'g g} df}g nfUg'ePsf ;Dk"0f{ ldqx, o:tf] sd{
ePsf] 5 . t/, ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfdf wfld{s kdf dxfkfk xf], sfg'gL kdf
o;nufot ;a} s'/fdf lg0f{o ug{ k"0f{ ck/fw / ;fdflhs kdf cg}lts
Ifdtf x'bF g} / of] Pp6f cfw'lgs 7uL xf] . lbpF;} 8s}tL xf] lsgls o;
ck/fw xf] eg]/ k"0f{kdf k|ltaGw lalhg];df nfUg] dfG5]sf] ;+Vof ;Lldt
nufpg'kb{5 . o;tkm{ ;dfhzf:qL, x'G5 / cGTodf ;aeGbf tn (Bottom
sfg'gljb\ / cy{ljb\xn] u|x0f eP/ level) sf]xL g sf]xL t k/L g} xfN5g\ .
;f]Rg' cfjZos 5 . h'jf tf;h:t} ;aeGbf tn kg]s { f] ;+Vof ;fdfGotM
k|ltaGw nufpg' kb{5 . cGTodf ;a}sf] oxfF dflysf] k|sl[ tsf] lalhg];df *)
xljut Ps} xf] . o;/L dfnfdfn eOg] k|ltzt x'G5 . tn k/]sf oL *)
eg]/ e|fds k|fr/df cfPsf o:tf k|ltztnfO{ 7uL u/]/ cfk"m rfF8} wgL
g]6jls{ lalhg];x klxn] klg y'k}| aGg] ;kgf Tofu]/ ;Tsd{df nfUg'xf];\ /
lyP / km]l/ klg cfpg]5g\ . ;'lgFb5 } cfTdfnfO{ ;'vL / v';L /fVg'xf];\ . cfu]
xssf] g]kfnL ;d'bfosf] aLr of] / tkfO{+sf] OR5f, tkfO{+ Psfwhgf
csf]{ o'lgl6nfOkm (Unity life) eGg] s/f]8klt eP/ a:gf];\ drflxF ;]So'l/6L
csf]{ g]6jls{ lalhg]; k|rf/df uf8{g} ug{ tof/ 5' . tkfO{nfO{ uf8{sf]
cfO/x]sf]5 . logLxsf] k|sl[ t km/s cfjZos k/]df klg dnfO{ rflxF of]
eP klg d"ndGq Pp6} xf] . em x]bf{ xfd|f] lj/f]wL xf] eg]/ hflu/ glbP glbg';,
Psbd /fd|f] nfUb5 . o;sf] sdhf]/L a? ef]s} d?Fnf .
6 @)^& ;fn h]7 ( ut] cfOtaf/

ljb]zdf efiffn] lgDtfPsf] ;d:of l;h{gfsf y'f

v]d zdf{
efiffn] Pp6f dgleqsf] ljrf/nfO{
csf]{ dgleqsf] ljrf/;Fu hf]8g\ ] sfd
ub{5 . of] efiffkL k'nsf] cefjdf
ljrf/x slxn] klg cfbfgk|bfg x'g
;Sb}g / k|f0fLx s'g} gbLsf] b'O{
lsgf/xem} ;w}F cnlUuP/ a:g'kg]{
afWotf x'G5 . dflg;x ;fdflhs
k|f0fL x'g\ / ;dfhdf ljrf/xsf]
cfbfgk|bfg w]/}g} cfjZos 5 .
To;dfly cr]n t ;Dk"0f{ ljZjg} Pp6f
kl/jf/sf] kdf kl/0ft x'bF } uO/x]sf]
5 . o; cj:yfdf /f]huf/, ;'ljwf /
/fd|f] hLjgsf] cfzfdf Ps b]zsf]
dflg;x csf]{ b]zdf k'Ug' s'g} gf}nf]
s'/f xf]Og . g]kfn Pp6f ul/a d'ns
xf] / oxfFsf k|foM h:tf] hg;+Vof
ul/aLsf] /]vfd'lg v]tL Joj;fodf hLjg
lgjf{x ug{ afWo 5g\ . To;dfly b]zsf]
jt{dfg /fhg}lts ;+s6, a]/f]huf/L,
cfly{s c;Gt'ngn] ubf{ k|To]s jif{
c;+Vo g]kfnL o'jfx ljb]lzg'kg]{
afWotf 5 . /, xfd|f] g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df
vf8L d'ns ' x -;fpbL c/a, O{ld/]6;
stf/, s'jt] , ax/fOg, hf]8g{ / cf]dg_
;a}eGbf ;:tf] / ;'ud uGtJo kg{
cfpFb5 . of] b]zxdf k'u/] g]kfnL
sfdbf/xn] ef]Ug'kg]{ ;a}eGbf 7"nf]
;d:of efiff;DaGwL x'g cfp5 / sof}F
g]kfnLx :yfgLo b]zsf] efiff;DaGwL
1fgsf] cefjdf w]/} 7fpFxdf 7luFb}
cfO/x]sf 5g\ . k|foh;f] ;a} vf8L
d'ns' xdf Pp6} efiffsf] rng 5
c/aL . of] efiffsf] n]vfO -lnlk_ ef/t,
kfls:tfg / anfb]zdf k|rlnt pb"{
h:tf] xf] . of] efiff bflxg]bl] v b]al]| t/
n]lvG5 . t/ af]nLdf eg] km/s 5 .
of] c/aL efiffsf] 1fgsf] cefjdf c;+Vo
g]kfnLxn] gfgfy/Lsf ;d:ofx
ef]Ug'kg]{ afWotf 5 .
sf7df8f}dF f k|z:t dfqfdf v'ns
efiff;DaGwL k|lzIf0f s]Gb|xdf ljleGg
b]zsf efiffx cWoog u/fOG5g\ .
;a}eGbf a9L t c+uh ]| L efifsf] g}
cWoog u/fOG5 . cGt/f{li6o efiff
ePsf] x'gfn] klg c efiffeGbf
dxTjk"0f{ dflgG5 c+uh ] | L efiffnfO{ . To:t}
u/]/ hfklgh, sf]l/og, rfOlgh,
lkmlNflkGfL -tfufnf]u_ cflb b]zsf
efiffxsf] klg ;fdfGotof cWoog
u/fOG5 . t/ vf8L d'ns ' df knfog
x'g] g]kfnLxsf] nflu g]kfndf s'g}
7fpFdf klg To:tf efiff;DaGwL k|lzIf0f
s]Gbx 5}gg\ . h:t} ;fpbL c/a,
c/a O{ld/]6;, dn]l;of, stf/, cf]dg,
ax/fO{g, s'jt] cflb b]zsf efiffx .
s'g} s'g} b]zsf efiffx Pscsf{df
ldNg klg ;S5 . vf8L d'ns ' knfog
x'g] sof}F g]kfnL o'jfxnfO{ To; b]zsf]
:yfgLo efiff;DaGwL ;fdfGo 1fg gx'bF f
w]/} 7fpFaf6 7lu/x]sf 5g\ . olb
' g]kfnaf6 cfpFbf efiff;DaGwL ;fdfGo
1fg ePdf ljb]zdf cfP/ Tolt 7lug
t kg]{ lyPg . d'Vo u/]/ ;fpbL c/a,
stf/ / o'PO{ -;+oQ' m c/a Old/]6;
oL b]zxsf] efiff nueu ldNg vf]Hb5
/ a9L g]kfnLx 7lug] b]zx klg
log} x'g\ . o; b]zsf afl;Gbfn] /fd|f;
c+uh ]| L klg k9\g / af]Ng ;Sb}gg\ .
\ , c efiffeGbf c/aL efiff a'g /
n]Vg Hofb} sl7g x'G5 olb a'g ;lsof]
eg] klg n]Vg / k9\g ;lsFbg} . xfdLx
cfkm} klg efiff;DaGwL 1fg gx'bF f
7lu/x]sf sof}F 36gfx 5g\ . s'g} gf}nf]
7fpFdf 3'Dg hfg'kbf{, ;fyLxnfO{ Ps
7fpFaf6 csf]{ 7fpFdf e]6g\ hfg' kbf{,
ef8fsf] df]6/df ofqf ug'k{ bf{ . s'g' }
dfs]6{ df lsgd]n ug{ hfg'kbf{, ;fO6df
sfd ubf{, c/aL efiffsf] c1fgn] ubf{
clt b'Mv kfPsf] cfkm}n F ] ef]Ug'k/]sf] 5 .
o:t} s]xL ;do klxnf d]/f Ps
hgf bfh' la/fdL kg'e{ Psf] lyof] . ev{/}
;fpbLdf cfPsf] Ps jif{ lat]sf] lyof] .
Tolta]nf;Dd c/aL efiff;DaGwL
;fdfGo 1fg klg lyPg . sf/0fjz
pxfFnfO{ c:ktfn lnP/ hfg'kg]{ eof] .
] f c:ktfn t yfxf lyof] t/ To; ;dodf
aGb ePsf] /x]5 . csf]{ c:ktfn vf]Hb}
uOof] t/ ToxfF k'uk] l5 s] ug]{ s;f] ug]{
s]xL yfxf ePg . pgLxn] /fd|f;
c+uh ]| L af]Ng klg ghfGg] ePsf]n] emg\
7"nf] ;do:of x'g] /x]5 . ;fpbLx;Fu
Knf6df sfd ubf{ s'g} ;fgf] sfd lau|d] f
klg pgLxs} efiffdf gfgfyl/sf
ufnLx ug]{ ub{5g\ . t/ sfd ug]{
JolQmxn] a'g ;Sb}gg\ 6\jfNn k/]/
x]ga{' fx]s csf]{ ljsNk x'bF g} . sfd ug]{
l;nl;nfdf g} pgLxs} efiffdf of] sfd
u/ Tof] sfd u/ eGb5g\ t/ a'g
g;Sgfn] pN6f]pN6f] sfd ug'k{ g]{ afWotf
x'G5 . s]xL ;do klxnf ;fpbL cf/fdsf]
sDkgLdf n]j/df sfd ug]{ Pshgf
g]kfnL ldqn] o:t} efiffsf] c1fgtfn]
ubf{ 7"n} Iflt a]xf]g{' kof] . Pshgf
c/aL efiff;DaGwL 1fg ePsf]
ef/tLo;Fu sfd ug]{ tL g]kfnLsf]
cufl8g} kmf]/Dofg -sfdbf/xsf]
;d"xsf] g]tf_ ;Fu c/aL efiffdf o;n]
sfd ub}g{ eGbf lagfsf/0f ;fpbL
c/asf] Knf6af6 lg:sflzt x'gk' of] .
\ _\ Tolt dfq geP/ tkfO{ + n ] lsg
kmf]/DofgnfO{ s'/f nufpg' eof] eGbf
pN6f] emlD6g cfof] . ;w}F s'/f nufO/xg]
] uF Tof] ef/tLo;Fu klxnfb]lvg} l/;
pl7/fv]sf] /x]5 . sf/0fjz p;n] xfGbf
cfk"mn] /f]Sg vf]Hbf p;sf] lgwf/df rf]6
nfUof] / /ut aUof] . ;fpbL c/adf
c h]h:tf] u/] tfklg /ut lg:s]df
clt g} s8f ;hfo lbg] ubf]/{ x]5 .
kl5 To; ef/tLon] kmf]/DofgnfO{ uP/
o;n] dnfO{ lk6\of] eg]/ s'/f nufpFbf
k'ln; s]z ug{sf] nflu tof/ ePsf]
/x]5 . ;+of]ujz ToxfF Ps hgf g]kfnL
bfh' kmf]/Dofgsf] ;]qm]6/L x'gx' G' Yof] . pxFfn]
eg;'g u/]/ p;nfO{ k'ln; s]; gug]{
a? 6ld{g6] ug]e{ Gbf sDkgLdf va/
u/]/ sDkgLn] 6ld{g6] ul/lbof] . pxfF
;fpbL c/a cfPsf] ev{/} dfq !*
dlxgf ePsf] lyof] . g]kfndf dfcf]jfbL
tyf ;/sf/ b'jt} km{af6 hfFtf]df 3'g
lklN;P em} lklN;P/ afWotfjz ;fpbL
c/adf cfP/ klg cfk"m cfPsf] C0f
klg r'Stf ug{ g;sL lkmtf{ hfg'kof] .
efiff;DaGwL c1fgtfsf] sf/0fn]
ubf{v/] L g} o:tf] ePsf] xf] . To:t} Ps
] uF k6s dfs]6{ 3'Dg hfFbf Pp6f kmf]g
a'yaf6 g]kfn kmf]g ubf{ ?= #@ nfu]sf]df
@)) l/on lbP/ lkmtf{ lbPg . ;fpbL
efiffaf6 p;n] s] eGof] yfxf g} ePg .
Tolta]nf ;fob efiffsf] sdhf]/Ln] ubf{
/fd|f;] uF p;nfO{ ;Demfpg ;lsPg .
;fpbL c/adf cfpFbf klxnf] k6s
;fpbL c/asf] bdfd 3'Dg hfFbf
ef8fsf] df]6/df ofqf ug'k{ g]{ eof] .
8fOe/n] ;fpbL dfq a'g] xfdLxn]
ga'g] . xfdLx Tolts} ga'lemsg
ef8fsf] df]6/df rl9of] . p;n] bdfd
nu]kl5 k|ltJolQm !)) l/on dfUof]
xfdLnfO{ yfxf lyof] ToxfFaf6 hDdf @%
l/on nfUbYof] bdfd k'Ug t/ p;n]
eg]sf] a'lemPg . bdfd eGg] 7fpFdf
Pshgf g]kfnL ldqnfO{ e]6fof}F pxfFn]
s]xL dfqdf a'g'xbF ' f]/x]5 . pxfFnfO{ af]Ng
nfPsf lyof}F ;fpbL;Fu ;fpbLn] d}n]
klxnf g} eg]sf] lyPF logLxnfO{ x'G5
eg]/ g} cfPsf] xf] olb lbFbg} f} eg]
k'ln;nfO{ va/ ug]{ 5' eg]/ afWotfdf
kfg{ nufof] o;/L cGhfgdf g} xfdLx
g/fd|f; ] uF 7lug k'Uof}F .
o;/L ljb]z cfpg'eGbf klxnf
;fdfGokdf g]kfndfg} c/aL efiff
l;s]/ cfpg ;lsof] eg] clt pQd
x'gl] yof] . g]kfndf cGo efiff;DaGwL
k|lzIf0f s]Gb|x y'k}| vf]lnPsf 5g\ .
t/, vf8L d'ns ' df cfpg] g]kfnLxsf]
nflu s'g} To:tf k|lzIf0f s]Gb|xdf
vf]lnPsf 5}gg\ . g]kfndf bIf hgzlQm
gePsf] sf/0fn] klg x'g ;S5 ;fpbL
c/a, stf/, o'PO{ -;+o'Qm c/a
Old/]6; \ _\ df k|of]u ul/g] efiffsf
sIffx ;~rfng gx'g] . ;fy} oL b]zdf
cfpg] g]kfnLxnfO{ cltg} ;fgf] b[li6n]
x]l/G5, olb ;DalGwt kIfn] rf;f] lbg]
xf] eg] cjZo vf8L d'ns ' df k|of]u x'g]
efiffxsf] sIff ;~rfng ug{ ;lsG5 .
cem;Dd ahf/df vf8L d'ns ' df k|of]u
x'g] o:tf s'g} lstfax lgl:sPsf
5}gg\ . /, lgsfNg] of]hgf klg 5}g .
cfzf 5 ca ljb]z knfog x'g nfUg'
ePsf g]kfnL bfh'efOxn] cjZo g]kfndf
g} s' g b] z df hfg nfu] s f] xf]
;fdfGokdf To; b]zsf] :yfgLo efiff
l;s]/ dfq ljb]z cfpg'xg' 5 ] eGg] .
kehmjugannath@yahoo.com
hgtf hflu;s]sf 5g\
dgf] x / nfld5fg]
xfd|f] ltd|f] :jfledfg
b]z lgdf{0fsf] gofF of]hgf
;kgf ;fFrs ] f lyof}F
;kgf afF8s ] f lyof}F
ca t s]xL xf]nf ls egL
lyrf]ldrf]sf] ljut gbf]xl/g
gofF :jfledfgsf gofF z[v + nfx
arfO /fVg] s;d vfPsf lyof}F .
ljut bf]xl/g] k'/fg} /f]u;Fu
k]ml/ jt{dfg clNemPsf] 5
gofF afbzfx aGg] ;kgf b]Vg]x
k'/fg} z}nLdf x'sd ' rnfpFb}
hgtf e'mSofpg] csf]{ v]ndf
n]08'k] z}nLdf kfGtl/t eO/x]sf 5g\ .
cflv/ k|jl[ Q g xf]
ljutsf cfxfn
;don] ltl/:sf/ ul/;Sbf
k'/fg} cfxfndf /dfpg vf]Hg]x
gofF g]kfnsf] rSsf afF8b\ }
hgtf e'mSofpg nfuL /x]sf 5g\
k]ml/ klg ljb]zL k|ex' sf]
r/0f:kz{df nflu /x]sf 5g\ .
kZrudgdf /dfpg] kfqx
hgtfaf6 lt/:sf/ ul/Fbf klg
hgtfsf] :jfledfgdf wfjfaf]Nbf
r'k nfUof} eg] Oltxf;n] ;/fKnf
xfdLn] u/]sf jfrfx

r'/f]6 ;ldltsf] cWoIfsf] cfJxfg

;dL/ If] q L
w]/} lbgsf] d]xgt kl5 cfh d
aNn ahf/df cfOk'uF] . /g]sf] k;ndf
la:s'6, ;fa'g, 5f}5f}, l;t} d klg
zfgl;t r ldn]/ a;]sf] 5' .
slxn]sfxLF xfdL ;a}sf] Pscsf{df
aftlrt x'G5 . la:s'6nfO{ cfkm"df
a8f] 3d08 5, ;a}nfO{ d kf]l:6stf
lbG5', p ;w}F eGg] u5{ ;fa'g klg
cfk"mnfO{ ;dfh ;]js 7fG5 5f}5f}
sf] t emg\ s'/} 5}g, a8f] d08n]
Hofs]6df k'mlNnP/ a;]sf] 5 . drflxF
w]/ af]lNbg logLx l;t d]/f] aft
klg ldNb}g . a? d]/f] bfh'efOxl;t
b'Mv;'vsf] s'/f u/L a:5' . xfd|f] ;fgf]
3/ 5, !) hgfsf] ;fgf] kl/jf/ .
;fgf] 3/ eP klg xfdL !) efO ldn]/
a;]sf 5f}F . /g] bfOsf] k;n Psbd}
l;;f] 5, !) jif{sf] d]xgtsf] sdfO{n]
agfPsf] kSsfsf] k;n . cfh lbg
/fd|f] 5, /g] bfOn] xfdLnfO{ cf;fWo}
dfof ug{' x'G5, To];n} ] t cfh a/G8fdf
la:s'g cf]5fP/ xfdLnfO{ 3fd
tkfpFb} x'gx' G' 5 . lar/f 5f}5f}nfO{
cfh cln la;Grf] 5 . d';fn] logsf]
cfwf lhpg} vfOlbP5 . /g] bfOn]
pgnfO{ 5]psf] 7"nf] ef8fdf xflnlbPsf
5g\ . ;fFemsf] ^ klg alh;s]sf] 5,
kl/lIflth /ftf] b]lvFb5 } / xfdL klg
cfcfgf] 7fpFdf cfO;s]sf 5f} . /g]
bfO / efph' lbgsf] lx;fa ub}{ 5g\ .
k'maf{ bfh'sf] @)) ?lkofF afFsL 5
csf]{ dlxgf dfuL xfNg'k5{ eGb} ca
pgLx ;'Tg nfu]sf 5g\ . efn]sf]
8fsd} /g] bfO p7]/ k;fNsf] 9f]sf
klg vf]n/] k"hfkf7 ub}{ 5g\ . Tolts}df
s;}n] /g] bfh' Ps Kofs]6 r'/f]6
lbg'xf];\ g eg]sf] ;'g] . /g] bfOn] @)
?lkofF lnP/ pgsf] nflu Kofs]6 /
d]/f] ;fgf] 3/kl/jf/ l;t} lbxfn] .
dnfO{ lsGg] ;fxa t !( jif{ slnnf]
l76f] /x]5 . xfd|f] h]7f bfh'nfO{ r
cf]7df Rofk]/ zfgl;t lkpFb5 } g\ . d}
x'F eGg] rfnsf] lxF8fO 5 logsf] . s;}n]
lonfO{ clnstf 5f]of] dfq eg] klg
Ps} alS;df 9flNbG5 h:tf] . xfdL
/x]sf] gf} efOnfO{ Kofs]6 l;t} lhlg;
KofGTsf] k5fl8sf] vNtLdf xfn]sf 5g\ .
vNtLn] hdLg 5'g cfF6s ] f] em}F 5,
xfdLnfO{ s:tf] 8/ nflu;Sof] lognfO{
s] g s] . cfg' ;fyLxnfO{ logn]
ca e]6s ] f 5g\, cGt whats up bro
!!! eGb} ;Daf]wg ub}{ 5g\ . emG8} 5
hgf h:tf] ;fyLxnfO{ lnP/ logL
ca hn k;]sf 5g\ . xfd|f] Ps
efOnfO{ lgsfn]/ post mortem ub}{
5g\ . xl/of]xl/of], ;'ss ] f];'ss ] f] kft
df8]/ xfd|f] efO leq eb}{ 5g\ . a|f]
Ps Ps Kkm dfq x} eGb} kfn}lknf]
tfGb}5g\ . 5]pdf tfKgsf] nflu cfuf]
klg k'ms]sf 5g\ oL l76fxn] . cfFvf
/ftf] agfP/ ofk eP/ cfuf] klg
glgefO{ cfgf] af6f] nfUb} 5g\ . d
vNtLaf6} s/fPF n' x} ca 8/]nf]
nfUg] ef] s;}n] clUg ;dg s]Gb|nfO{
kmf]g ul/lbg'xf];, t/ d]/f] s;n]
;'Gg] . af6f]df Ps s'NnL sfd ug{]
el/ofnfO{ klg dft]sf] emf]s + df , xfd|f]
Ps efO ;f]lklbPsf 5g\ . To;kl5
s] ef] tL efOsf] d'vaf6} ;'Gg'xf];\ .
lbgel/sf] sfdn] ylst sfn' bfO
aNn 3/ cfOk'us ] f 5g\ . l6gn] af/]sf]
;fgf] 3/, w'kLsf] 3f]r + f / afsnn]
agfPsf] nfdf] kn, Pp6f bx|f] 8f]/Lsf]
gfDnf], Pp6f kmf6\g} cfF6s ] f] af]/f,
nfa/n] afFws ] f] Pp6f k'/fgf] /]l8of],
leQfdf Pp6f 7"nf] l;Ssf] % 38L /
@$ sfF6] 8Dk'm, kndf k8\b} u/]sf]
logsf] gfgLx la/] / s'df/L clg
5]pdf efG;f ub}{ u/]sL OgsL :jf:gL
sfG5L, oL ;a} g} x'g,\ sfnf] bfOsf]
;Dklt . P x] d]; / rf}sL t eGg}
lal;{P5' . kn glhs s8f sf7n]
/fd|/L ldnfP/ agfPsf] Pp6f d]; /
rf}sL klg 5 . cfk"mnfO{ sfnf] cIf/
e};
F L a/fa/ eP klg la/] / s'df/LnfO{
w]/} k9fP/ 7"nf] dfG5] agfpg] ;kgf
5 /g] bfOsf], To;}n] t lbg/ft kl;gf
aufP/ b}lgs !)!) ?lkofF hDdf
u/]/ 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ k9\gn]Vgsf] nflu
s8f sf7sf] d]; / rf}sL agfOlbPsf
5g\ . efG;f tof/ ef], rf/}hgf Pp6}
yfnaf6 dL7f] dfgL ds}sf] 9]8F f] /
l;b|f;'s6' Lsf] emf]n u'nt' u'nt' lgNb}
5g\ . sfn] bfOsf] b]a]| klsf] sfgdf
r]lkP/ d ;a} x]b5 {} ,' ;'Gb}5' . sfG5Lsf]
xftdf lbgel/sf] sdfO{ ! ;o %)
?lkofF ydfP/ sfn' bfOn] aNn dnfO{
;Gsfpg' ef] . /g] bfh'sf] k;ndf ca
km]l/ d gofF 3/df r ldn]/ a;]sf]
5' . cl:tsf] eGbf /g] bfOsf] k;ndf
;dfg cln sDtL ePsf] h:tf] nUof],
w]/n} ] afFsL lt/]g/x]5, To];n } ] . xfd|f]
u|fxsx o:t} x'G5g\ . dxfhgsf]
k;ndf rflxF C0f u/]/ eP klg
xhf/xhf/;d]t lt5{, lar/f /g]
bfO h]xf];\ xfdLnfO{ rflxF ;a}n] v'a
?rfpF5g\, k;ndf c? ;dfg geP
klg xfdL r} c6Lgc6L eP/ a;]sf
x'G5f} . p, x]gx'{ f];\ t, cr]nsf l76Lx,
Ps Kofs]6 t lsg]/ nluxfn] . /g]
bfO klg l76Lx eg]kl5 t rDsL kf]
xfN5g\ talxgLxn] r'/f]6 lsg
tfg]sf] < 76]pnL :j/df ;f]wL xfn] .
alxgLxn] klg figure maintain
ug{ eg]/ nfh gdfgL pQ/ lbOxfn] .
ca Tof] cl3sf] ufFh] l76f] cln la/fdL
eP5, 8fS6/ sxfF hrfpg' cfPsf5g\
logL . 8fS6/n] p;sf] cf]7 x]g; { fy,
do you smoke eg]/ k|Zg ul/xfn] .
ljr/f l76fn] klg yes,but
occasionally eg]/ e"m6 af]lnxfNof] .
You know smoking is injurious
b]vfPsf ;kgfxn]
hglxtsf vfsfx
to health,you shouldnt
smoke,so quit smoking ok ! eGb}
gofF of]hgf nfu" ug{
sfuhdf s]xL bafO{sf] dfg n]v/] Tof] k]ml/ cufl8 a9\b}
l76f]nfO{ lbP . Thankyou doctor- ltdL xfdL Jo"tF g} knf{
eg]/ Tof] l76f] lg:s]sf] dfq lyof],
8fS6/;fxan] xfd|f] Ps efOnfO{ ;NsfO{ hgtf nfuL ;s]sf 5g\
xfn] . cl3 smoking is injurious hgtf hfuL ;s]sf 5g\ .
to health eGg] 8fS6/ clxn] cfkm}F
;fob 8fS6/sf] kmf]S;f] cln bx|f] x'G5
xf]nf xuL xQkQ s]xL gx'g] :jfl:yo
ljefun] sfg' g nfu" u/] s f] 5,
;fj{hlgs:yndf w"dk| fg ug{ ck/fw
xf] 7"n7"nf] gS;fx klg w]/} 7fpFdf
6flnlbPsf5g\ . dnfO{ t a8f] 8/ nfU5
af t/ c;ndf hf] 8/fpg'kg]{ prflxF
aa w'jF f p8fpFb} sfg'gsf] pNn+3g
ub}{ 5g\ . sfg'gsf /Ifsx xf] cfFvf
vf]nf ca t hfu xf] d xflgsf/s
5' . t/ d]/f] 3/sf] aflx/L leQfdf 7"n
7"nf] cIf/df /ftf] d;Ln] Smoking
kills, smoking is injurious to
health sf] r]tfjgL x'G5 t ls
kf7zfnfdf u'?afn] oL cIf/x
l;sfpg la;{g' ef] << km]l/ s;}s;}n]
xfdL t k9\gn]Vg hfGb}gf}F eGnfg\,
;fyL xf] c?n] a? cgk9
clzslIftnfO{ 5'6fpnfg\ t/ xfdL r}
To:tf xf]Ogf},F xfdL ;a}nfO{ dfof u5f}+{ .
tkfO{s+ f] nflu klg 7"nf] 3f ePsf]
kmf]S;f]sf] gS;f t 5Fb5} t ca sfn'
bfO la/] / s'df/LnfO{ 7"nf] dfG5] ag]sf]
b]Vg'5 eg] cfh} dnfO{ TofUg'xf];\ . l76f
l76Lx ltdLx t ;dfh / b]zsf]
eljio xf}, ;dfh, b]znfO{ ltd|f] vfFrf]
5 . 8fS6/;fxa c?nfO{ ;Nnfx lbg'
dfq xf]Og, for you also smoking is
injurious to health. To;}n] ;Dk"0f{
xfd|f r'/f]6 ;ldltsf] cWoIfsf] x}l;otn]
d eGb5' , d cfJxfg ub{ 5 ' -
SMOKING IS INJURIOUS TO
HEALTH,SO QUIT SMOKING======
@)^& ;fn h]7 ( ut] cfOtaf/
zflGt=== (( nfv *# xhf/ ^ ;o #@ k}ofF
] f s'/f g zflGt k|lqmof, g ;+ljwfg ljt/0f u/]sf lyP . k'; ( ut] Ps}
af]ns
lgdf{0f / g gful/snfO{ /fxt lbg] s'/f
eof], g t pgn] ljif lkpg g} tof/ x'g'
eof] . pgL k| w fgdGqL ePb] l v
xfn;Ddsf pgsf ultljlw /
lqmofsnfknfO{ ;"Id kn] x]g{] xf] eg]
pgn] /fi6sf] 9's6' LnfO{ e};F Ln] s'8F f]
lkP h;/L lkpgdf tlNng /x] .
k|wfgdGqL dfwjs'df/ g]kfnsf] o:tf
lqmofsnfksf] cfg} dlGqd08nsf
;b:oxn] ;d]t lj/f]w u/] . /fi6sf]
9's6' L l/Tofpg] qmddf k|wfgdGqL
g]kfnsf] lj/f]w ug{] dGqLxnfO{ pgn]
lul/hfsf kfnfdf s/f]8f}F cfly{s ;xfotf
afF8g\ ] clxn] lsg dnfO{ /f]Sg] - eGb}
pgn] cfg} dlGqd08nsf ;b:oxnfO{
;d]t xKsfP . olt;Dd ls k|wfgdGqL
/ dGqLxsf nflu ah]6dfkm{t\ Ps
jif{ vr{ ug{ 5'6ofOPsf] /sd klg
k|wfgdGqLn] 5 dlxgfd} ;dfKt u/] .
k|wfgdGqL / dGqLxn] tna eQfsf]
nflu pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ 5 dlxgfd}
;lsPkl5 dlGqkl/ifb\ tyf k|wfgdGqL
sfof{non] yk Ps s/f]8 k}ofF lgsf;f
ug{ cy{ dGqfnodf tfs]tf u/] .
dGqLxdf b]lvPsf] ljb]z e|d0f df]xn]
klg ;/sf/L vr{ a9]sf] xf] . dfwjs'df/
g]kfn k|wfgdGqL ePkl5 cf};tdf
5hgf dGqLx lgoldt ljb]z e|d0fdf
hfg] u/]sf] ;/sf/L clwsf/Lxn] g}
:jLsf/]sf 5g\ . k|wfgdGqL dfwjs'df/
g]kfnn] ;a} lelecfOkLxsf] nflu
jif{el/ ljb]z e|d0fsf] nflu 5'6o\ fOPsf]
;a} /sd ;fF9] b'O{ dlxgfd} ;lslbP .
pgL k|wfgdGqL ePsf] ;fF9] b'O{ dlxgfsf]
cjlwdf pgn] tLg k6s ljb]z e|d0f
u/] . t/, pgn] kfFr lelecfOkLsf]
jiff}e{ l/sf] ah]6 ;s]/ cfP . oL tLgj6f
ljb]z e|d0fdf dfq} k|wfgdGqL g]kfnn]
kfFr lelecfOkLsf] nflu jif{el/
5'6o\ fOPsf] /sdn] gk'u/] pgn] yk
Ps s/f]8 vr{ u/] . k|wfgdGqL g]kfnsf]
o:tf ultljlw / lqmofsnfk b]v/] cy{
dGqfnosf clwsf/Lx klg 5Ss k/]s ] f
5g\ . k|wfgdGqL g]kfnn] ljb]z e|d0fdf
hfg] qmddf u/]sf] vr{dWo] c;+nUg
cfGbf]ngsf] !% cf}F lzv/ ;Dd]ngdf
OlhK6 hfFbf *& nfv ^^ xhf/ vr{
u/] . pgn] k|wfgdGqL ePkl5sf] klxnf]
ef/t e|d0fdf Ps s/f]8 %( nfv /
/fi6;3+ sf] dxf;efdf efu lng hfFbf
Ps s/f]8 %* nfv *( xhf/ # ;o
@# k}ofF vr{ u/]sf] cy{ dGqfno
;|ft] sf] bfaL 5 . dfwjs'df/ g]kfn
g]tT[ jsf] ;/sf/ u7g ePkl5sf] 5}7f}F
dlxgf c;f]h dlxgfdf dfq} !* hgf
dGqLxn] ljb]z e|d0f u/] . dGqL ljb]z
hfFbf kfFr lbgeGbf a9Lsf] e|d0f ePdf
5 ;o 8n/ / kfFr lbgeGbf sd eP
tLg ;o 8n/ eQf kfpF5g\ . o;sf
cltl/St eOkl/ cfpg] vr{ afkt
dGqLxn] b}lgs yk b'O{ ;o 8n/
kfpg] u/]sf 5g\ . k|wfgdGqL sfo{non]
jif{el/ ljt/0f ug{' egL 5'6o\ fOPsf]
cfly{s ;xfotf afktsf] /sd klg
b' O { dlxgfdf g} ;s] . o;} u /L,
u[xdGqfnon] 5'6o\ fOPsf] ToxL cfly{s
;xfotf afktsf] /sd ;fF9] b'O{ dlxgfdf
g} ;s] . ;|ft] sf cg';f/ k|wfgdGqL /
u[xdGqLn] clgolGqt kdf cfgf
dfG5]xnfO{ Tof] /sd ljt/0f ug{ egL
tf]s cfb]z ugf{n] /sd ;lsPsf] xf] .
;fpgb]lv ljt/0f ug{ ;'? u/]sf] /sd
c;f]h dlxgfsf] klxnf] xKtfd} ;lsPsf]
lyof] . oL ;a} /sd k|wfgdGqL /
u[xdGqLn] cfgf cf;]kf;]xnfO{ afF8/]
;s]sf] lyof] . cfly{s ;xfotf afktsf]
/sd ;lsPkl5 c;f]h dlxgfsf] bf];f| ]
xKtf u[xdGqfnosf] n]vfzfvf cl3 7"nf
cIf/df ;xfotf /sd ljt/0f aGb
ul/Psf] egL ;"rgf n]v/] 6fF;s ] f lyof] .
o;}u/L dfwjs'df/ g]kfn g]tT[ jsf]
;/sf/n] cf}iflw pkrf/sf ;xfotfsf
gfddf tLg dlxgfd} 8]9 s/f]8 k}ofF
ljt/0f u/]sf lyof] . Tof] cjlwdf
;xfotfsf nflu :jf:Yo dGqfnodf
lgj]bg xfn]sf ;j{;fwf/0f gful/sn]
eg] Ps k}ofF klg kfpg ;s]g . Tof]
tLg dlxgfdf ( ;o $* hgf
;j{;fwf/0f gful/sn] lgj]bg u/]sf eP
klg ;/sf/n] /fhgLlts kx'Frsf
cfwf/df dgkl/ tl/sfn] /sd afF8s ] f]
lyof] . o;/L pknAw u/fOPsf] ;xfotf
/sdaf/] :jf:Yo dGqfno;d]t To;
;do cgle1 b]lvPsf] lyof] .
k| w fgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\
sfo{ n osf cg' ; f/ cf} i fwf] k rf/
;xfotfsf] gfddf c;f]h dlxgfdf dfq
lbg ## nfv @% xhf/ k}ofF / d+l;/
dlxgfdf @# nfv $% xhf/ ljt/0f
u/]sf] lyof] . ;j{;fwf/0f gful/sn]
Ps k}ofF klg gkfPsf] Tof] /sd sfFu;] |
;xdxfdGqL ch'g{ g/l;+x s];Ln] kfFr
nfv, v]d/fh e dfofn'n] tLg nfv ubf{ rfn' jif{df ;+jw} flgs lgsfotkm{
krf; xhf/ k}ofF / k"j/{ fHodGqL
pld{nf cof{nn] b'O{ nfv k|fKt u/] .
la/fdLsf] cfly{s ;xfotfsf] nflu rfFhf]
ldnfpg] lhDd]jf/ lgsfo;d]t ;/sf/sf]
o:tf] lg0f{oaf6 To; ;do a]va/
b]lvof] . Tof] lgsfon] ToxfF lgj]bg
ug{x] nfO{ ;xof]u pknAw u/fpg cy{
dGqfno;Fu /sd dfu ubf{ klg cy{n]
/sd pknAw u/fPg . o; dGqfnodf
Pdfn] g]tf ;'/G] b| kf08] cy{dGqL 5g\ .
;/sf/n] o;/L dgkl/ /sd ljt/0f
u/]kl5 k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\
sfo{nosf clwsf/Lx;d]t ?i6 ag] .
k|wfgdGqL dfwjs'df/ g]kfn
g]tT[ jsf] ;/sf/ hgdt / /fHosf k|dv
d'2fk|lt s]lGb|t x'g ;s]gg\ . pgsf]
g]tT[ jsf] ;/sf/n] rGbf, xTof, ckx/0f,
c;'nL, cfly{s ckf/blz{tf, ljb]z ;o/
lgtfGt glhs / cfgf lgs6sf
sfo{stf{xnfO{ eQf ljt/0f ug]{ s'/fdf
gofF /]s8{ g} sfod u/]sf 5g\ . pgsf]
g]tT[ jdf ;/sf/ u7g ePsf] Ps jif{
lalt;Sbf klg zflGt / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f
ug{ sfo{df hxfFtxLF 5g\ . t/, ;xfos
sfo{sf kdf k|wfgdGqL g]kfnn]
P]ltxfl;s km8\sf] dfg{ k'us ] f] 5 .
dlGqkl/ifb\ /fHo ;~rfngsf] ;jf]R{ r
lgsfo xf] . h;sf] dfg dof{bf / ;fg
cfg} k|sf/sf] x'G5 . t/, dfwj g]kfn
g]tT[ jsf] ;/sf/sf] ;dodf of] ul/dfdo
lgsfoleq s]jn xKsfpg], s'6g\ ] /
ckzAb af]Ng]xs} af]nfjfnf /xg
k'Uof] . ;+jw} flgs If]qsf l/St k|dv '
kbxdf lgo'St x'g ;s]gg\ . ;+jw} flgs
lgsfodWo] clVtof/ b' kof] u
cg';Gwfg cfof]u / dxfn]vf k|dv ' ljxLg
aGb ;/sf/sf dGqLb]lv dftxtsf
sd{ r f/L ;d" x nfO{ cfly{ s
clgoldttfsf] r'r/' f] r'Dg ;d:of
ePg . k| w fgdGqLb] l v ;fdfGo
sd{rf/L;Dd kbsf] uf]kgLotf / vr{
kf/blz{tf lgod ljk/Lt pln{P/ r/d
clgoldttf;Dd k'Ug] sfd uof] .
cfly{s ;xfotf ljt/0f tyf /fxt
pknAw u/fpg] sfo{ljlw ljk/Lt $@
hgfsf] hDaf] dlGqkl/ifb\sf ;b:oxn]
;+ljwfg n]vg / zflGtk|lqmofnfO{ eGbf
/fi6sf] 9's6' L l;WofP/ ljb]z ;o/nfO{
g} dxTj lbP . o;df ;+ljwfg;efsf
clwsf+z ;b:osf] e"ldsf klg cfly{s
clgoldttftkm{ x'g k'Uof] / cGttM
cfdpkef]Stfb]lv /fhgLlts tx;Dd}
dfwj g]kfn g]tT[ jsf] ;/sf/ cfnf]rg}
cfnf]rgfsf] e08f/ dfq aGg k'Uof] .
dfwjs'df/ g]tT[ jsf] ;/sf/n] e|i6nfO{
sf/afxL ug{sf] t s'/} 5f8f},F ;/sf/sf]
dGqLaf6} cfly{s clgoldttfsf] unt
glh/ sfod ePkl5 @)^^ h]7;Dd
;'? u/]sf guGo sfo{qmd ;dfj]z u/L
NofOPsf] @ va{ *% ca{sf] ah]6df
casf] @ dlxgf wfGg yk !) ca{
/sd h'6fpg cy{dGqL ;'/G] b| kf08]n]
d'v vf]ln;Sbf kf08]n] g} gful/s ;fd'
afF8s ] f cfZjf;gsf nnLkk s'g of]hgf
/ k|fyldstf 5 eGg] s'/f cy{sf
sd{rf/Ln] g} e'ln;s]sf] cj:yf 5 .
gful/ssf] kxndf zflGt cleofg, G
lj:yflktnfO{ v]ltafnL Ifltk"l\{ t, G
kLl8tn] ;fjfF lt/] Aofh ldgfxf, /fp6]
eQf bf]Aa/ j[l4, % If]qdf gful/s
cf/f]Uo cf>d . blnt, u}/blnt
ljjfxnfO{ Ps nfv cg'bfg, ljwjf
ljjfxnfO{ %) xhf/ cg'bfg, sDn/LnfO{
df]lxofgL xs, ;a} gful/snfO{
kl/rokq, &% jif{dflysf / !%
jif{dl' gsf JolStnfO{ lgMz'Ns pkrf/,
% ;o ul/asf] lgMz'Ns d'6' /f]u pkrf/,
b'O{6f gGb emfsf] :d/0fdf k|;"lt
c:ktfn, kfFr xhf/nfO{ l/S;f lsGg
cg'bfg cflb hglk|o If]qdf lbPsf]
sfo{qmd nIoxLg ePsf 5g\ . PSsfO;f}F
ztfAbLsf] ;"rgf k|ljlwsf] ljsf;b]lv
;a} uflj;df kmf]g k'ofpg] / kfFr
jif{leq &% j6} ;b/d'sfddf clK6sn
kmfOa/ hf]8g\ ] of]hgf cnkq k/] . ljsf;
vr{sf] t'ngfdf ;fwf/0f vr{ t'ngfTds
lx;fan] a9\b} uO/x]sf] cj:yfdf cfufdL
cfly{s jif{sf nflu dGqfnout dfu
x]bf{ rfn' jif{eGbf bf]Aa/ a9Ln] ah]6
Nofpg'kg]{ cj:yf ;/sf/;fd' 5 . dfusf]
lx;fan] x]bf{ cfly{s jif{ @)^& ^* sf]
nflu Go"gtd % va{sf] ah]6 cfjZos
5 . t/, ljZj cfly{s dGbL g]kfnsf]
/fhgLlts cl:y/tfsf sf/0f ;+sl' rt
aGb} uPsf] pBf]u Joj;fo, lgof{t /
ljQLo If]qb]lv s/ c;'nLsf If]q;Ddsf]
d"Nof+sg ubf{ kpg] @ va{ /sd klg
hDdf x'g] l:ylt b]lvFbg} . ah]6 tof/L
k|wfgdGqL g]kfnn] kfpg'eof] . ;a}eGbf
Ps va{ #% ca{ %& s/f]8 l;ln
cy{ / /fli6o of]hgf cfof]un] k|:t't
u/]sf lyP . t/, tf]lsPsf] l;ln
bfo/fdf /sd ck'u x'g] lglZrt
eO;s]sf] 5 . o; k6s a9L /sd
dfu ug{]df pBf]u dGqfno, /Iff
dGqfno / u[x dGqfnonufot !) eGbf
a9L dGqfnox cu|:yfgdf /x]sf 5g\ .
t/, /fh:j / pTkfbsTj j[l4sf
cfwf/df clxn]sf] l;ln cl3Nnf] jif{
@ va{ *% ca{sf] ah]6eGbf tLg va{
#% ca{n] a9L x'g] b]lvG5 . s'g} klg
cfly{s ;"rf+s / ljZjdf k/]sf]
cy{tGqdflysf] k|efjnfO{ d"Nof+sg ubf{
' ljut @ jif{otf ah]6sf] dfu a9]/
uP klg ljsf;sf sfo{qmd To; cl3sf
jif{eGbf sd ePsf 5g\ . ut jif{ dfq}
ah]6 tof/L x'bF f @ va{ &) ca{sf]
l;ln tof/L lyof] . t/, To;sf] dfu
# va{ (% ca{ lyof] . rfn' jif{ @ va{
*% ca{df afFsL rfn' jif{;Ddsf nflu
em08} !) ca{ /sd ck'u 5 . jflif{s
/sdfGt/af6 vr{ ug{ g;lsg] l:ylt
cfPkl5 cy{dGqfnon] !) ca{ ah]6
k'/s ah]6sf kdf Nofpg] tof/L
ul//x]sf] 5 . kl5Nnf] k6s of]hgf
cfof]udf ;b:ox yk ul/Psf] cfof]u
vr{ Ps ca{ %^ s/f]8n] gEofpg]
l:ylt 5 . :yfgLo ljsf;nfO{
k| f yldstfdf /fv] / ;fdflhs
;'/Iff;lxt vr{ x'g] u/L !) ca{ k}ofF
/ k|lt;ef;b\ !) nfvsf b/n] cfufdL
ah]6sf] /sddWo] o;nfO{ ah]6
l;lndf g/fVg] cy{dGqfnon] cfu|x
ul/;s]sf] cj:yfn] klg rfn' jif{eGbf
cfufdL jif{ r/d ;+s6sf] jif{ x'g]
b]lvG5 . Jofkf/ c;kmn / !# k|ltztn]
l/d]6fG; j[l4 x'bF f klg ;f]wfgfGt/
3f6f @@ ca{;uF ;Fu} Jofkf/ 3f6f ^)
ca{n] gfg k'Uof] . rfn' cfly{s jif{df
x/]s dlxgfdf of] l:ylt a9\b} hfFbf
klxnf] 5 dlxgfdf !! ca{ &( s/f]8
k}ofF 3f6f /x]sf] ;f]wgfGt/ r}t d;fGt
;lsFbf @% ca{ k'Ug] l:ylt 5 . oL
3f6f k"lt{ ug{ ;/sf/n] kl5Nnf] k6s
j}bl] zs /f]huf/df /x]sf g]kfnLnfO{
;d]t laqmL ug]{ u/L NofOPsf] ah]6
kqsf] Aofhb/ !) k|ltzt k'ofof] .
ah]6 ;fj{hlgs ubf{ oL artkqsf]
Aofh ;ft k|ltzt dfq lyof] . cfGtl/s
/fh:j j[l4af6 rfn' vr{ wfGg] k|of;
ul/P klg C0f ltg{df lgs} 7"nf] /sd
cfly{s jif{ @)^^ ^& df vr{ eof] .
h;n] ubf{ ;/sf/sf] vftf sdhf]/
/xg k'Uof] . @)^^ ^& df ;/sf/sf]
/fi6 a}s
+ df /x]sf] vftfdf Ps ca{ %(
s/f]8 k}ofF dfq art /xg k'Uof] .
h'g vftfdf ut jif{ oxL ;dodf @%
ca{ %@ s/f]8 k}ofF lyof] . r}t @)
ut];Ddsf] ;/sf/L tYof+s s]nfpg] xf]
eg] ;/sf/L vr{ $@ ca{ k}ofF dfq}
b]vfOPsf] 5 . Tof] klg ut jif{eGbf
@$ ca{n] a9L 5 . pkef]Stfsf nflu
klg dfwj g]kfn g]tT[ jsf] ;/sf/ of]
k"/} jif{ pknlAwd"ns aGg ;s]g .
ahf/ dflkmofnfO{ sf/afxL ug{ ;/sf/n]
pkef]Stfsf] cfFvfdf 5f/f] xfNgs} nflu
uf]bfd 5fkf k|s/0fnfO{ cl3 a9fP klg
cGttM ahf/ dflkmofxsf] cufl8
;/sf/ 3'8F f 6]Sg afWo eof] . ut
;fpgb] l v ;/sf/n] ;' ? u/] s f]
pkef]Stfsf] pkef]Uoj:t', d"No j[l4 /
e08f/0f;DaGwL sf/afxL cl3 a9\g
;s]g . h;n] ubf{ ahf/ d"Nodf ;d]t
dfwj g]kfn g]tT[ jsf] ;/sf/n] gofF
/]s8{ g} sfod ul/lbof] . o;} sf/0f
6df6/sf] d"No k|lts]hL Ps ;o %)
k}ofF;Dd k'Ug uof] . ;/sf/ u7g
nuQ} cfly{s kf/blz{tf sfod ug{]
s'/fdf k|dv ' k|fyldstf lbg] /fi6sf
gfddf ;Daf]wg lbg'xg' ] k|wfgdGqL
dfwjs'df/ g]kfn cGttM ;a}eGbf a9L
cfly{s ckf/bzL{ k|wfgdGqLsf] kdf
b]lvg'eof] . cfly{s k|nf]egs} sf/0f
g]kfn /fi6 a}s
+ ueg{/ / d]l;g l/8]an
kf;kf]6{ -Pdcf/kL_ 5kfO k|s/0faLr
sld;zgsf] ;f}bfafhL:jk ef/tnfO{
5fKg cg'dlt lbPkl5 ;fj{hlgs n]vf
;ldlt / dfcf]jfbLsf] lj/f]w kl5
kf;kf]6{ /2 k|s/0faf6 k|wfgdGqL
g]kfnsf] ef/t;Fusf] ;DaGw lrl;g
dfq k'ug] , ;/sf/ l6sfpgsf nflu
7"nf] 6]jf lbO/x]sf] ef/tn] pxfFsf]
g]tT[ jk|lt g} cljZjf; b]vfof] . vr{
lgoGq0f ljw]os @)^$ / cfly{s
;xfotf ljt/0f tyf /fxt pknAw
u/fpg] sfo{ljlw @)^^ ljk/Lt vr{
ubf{ kf6L{ leq}af6 ckf/blz{tfsf] ku/L
7"nf] clgoldttf k|wfgdGqL g]kfnaf6
vr{ x'g] sf]ifaf6} x'g k'Uof] . hxfF cfly{s
;xfotf / /fxt ljt/0f h:tf s'/fdf
k|wfgdGqL g/fd|L r'Sg k'Uof] . c;f/df
;/sf/ u7g eP/ ebf} g;lsFb} /fxt
sf]ifsf] %^ nfv k}ofF sxfF k'Uof] eGg]
kQf] ePg . cl3Nnf] ;/sf/sf]
k| w fgdGqL k| r 08n] 5f] / f, efO,
elthf;lxt 8]9 bh{g cfkmGtnfO{ lghL
;lrjfnocGtu{t /fv]/ sfd u/fpFbf
;a}eGbf rsf]{ lj/f]w ug]{ k|wfgdGqL
dfwj g]kfnn] cfgf] sfo{sfndf
k|r08nfO{ ;d]t dfy ul/lbg' eof] .
u[x lhNnfsf / kfl/jfl/s JolStnfO{
lgo'lStdf k7fP/ /fHosf] dfgdf ;d]t
c;/ kfl/of] . ljb]z e|d0f of] ;/sf/sf]
jif{el/s} csf]{ rrf{of]Uo ljifo xf] .
e|d0f cft+ssf] Pp6f k hnjfo'
kl/jt{g;DaGwL ljZj ;Dd]ngd} :ki6
kdf b]lvg k'Uof] . e|i6frf/ cfly{s
clgoldttf h:tf s'/f /f]lsPgg\ .
clVtof/n] e|i6rf/ u/]sf] eGb}
sf/afxL ug{] eg]sf] sl/a rf/ xhf/
e|i6frf/Ldf ;/sf/n] Ps hgfnfO{;Dd
klg ;f]wk'5 ug{] sfd;d]t u/]g . otf
dlGqkl/ifb\s} x}l;otdf ;+ljwfg;efsf]
sfdsf/afxL klg ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f /
zflGt k|lqmoftkm{ eGbf cfly{s
clgoldttf / ljb]z e|d0ftkm{ s]lGb|t
/xg k'u] . ;+;b\df pkl:yt gx'g] t/
b}lgs eQf / kmhL{ lan k]; u/]/
/fli6o 9's6' Lsf] b'kof]u ug]{ ;+Vof
rf/ ;oeGbf dfly k'Ubf klg ;/sf/sf]
s'g} lgsfon] :ki6Ls/0f lng] sfd;d]t
u/]gg\ . o;}u/L k|wfgdGqL dfwjs'df/
g]kfnn] cfgf] dftxtaf6 vr{ ug{
ldNg] u/L k|fjwfg /flvPsf clwsf+z
lgsfodf rfn' jif{ ah]6n] ljlgof]hg
ul/Psf] /sddf krf; k|ltzteGbf
dfly cfly{s clgoldttf ePsf]
kfOPsf] 5 . dfwjs'df/ g]kfn
k|wfgdGqL ePkl5 rfn' jif{sf nflu
;xfotf tyf /fxt pknAw u/fpg]
sf]ifdf /flvPsf] %^ nfv ebf}leq}
;lsPsf] lyof] . cfly{s ;xfotf ljt/0f
ug{] Joj:yf sfo{ljlw @)^^ k'; !
ut]af6 g} nfu" eO;s] klg sfo{stf{ /
ltgsf] ;+u7gnfO{ dha't agfpg]
tof/Ldf k|wfgdGqLn] eg]cg'k g}
;xfotf lgsf;f ePsf] ;|ft] sf] egfO
5 . To;cl3 g} lgs6 sfo{stf{afx]s
/fhgLlts kLl8t / GkLl8tsf gfddf
cfgf] cf;]kf;]xnfO{ dfq} em08} ^)
nfv k}ofF ljt/0f ul/;s]sf lyP .
kl5Nnf] k|wfgdGqLsf] /fxt Kofs]hn]
;a}eGbf a9L kLl8t :j:y dGqfno
ePsf] 5 . sfg'gtM k"jk{ w| fgdGqL,
/fi6klt / pk/fi6kltnufot ljlzi6
>]0fLsf JolStn] la/fdL ePsf] cj:yfdf
cfkm}nF ] pkrf/ u/fpg g;Sg] cj:yf
cfPdf clwstd !% nfv k}ofF;Dd
lbg ;Sg] sfg'gL Joj:yf 5 . ;|ft] sf
cg';f/ k|wfgdGqLn] sfof{no dftxt
g]kfn 6i6sf] sfof{no, ul/aL lgjf/0f
sf]if, ;"rgf k|ljlw ljsf; cfof]hgf /
k|wfgdGqL /fxt sf]if h:tf lgsfosf]
/sddf r/d clgoldttf u/]sf 5g\ .
of] /sddf k|wfgdGqLsf] :jljj]sn] vr{
ug{ ;Sg] k|fjwfg 5 . rfn' jif{sf nflu
ul/aL lgjf/0f sf]ifnfO{ @ ca{ &@
s/f]8dfly /sd nufgL ug{ elgPsf]
lyof] . t/, sd{rf/Lsf] tna j[l4 /
clgoldt vr{sf sf/0f k|wfgdGqLsf]
k|ToIf lgu/fgLdf /xg] ul/aL lgjf/0f
sf]if klg olta]nf ljjfbs} 3]/fdf k/]sf]
5 . ;fj{ h lgs n] v f ;ldlt /
clVtof/n] ;d]t ljz]if lgu/fgLdf
/fv]sf] ul/aL lgjf/0f sf]ifaf6} klg
s]xL /sd k|wfgdGqL g]kfnn] cfgf
lgs6 sfo{stf{nfO{ afF8s ] f] 5 . To:t},
;"rgf k|ljlw cfof]hgfcGtu{tsf] ^)
s/f]8 k}ofF o; jif{df vr{ ug]{ u/L
ljlgof]hg u/]sf] lyof] . pSt /sdaf6
Pp6f cfO{6Lkfs{afx]s cGo sfd ePsf
5}gg\ . pSt kfs{df ;d]t Jofkf/ cfly{s
clgoldttf ePsf tYof+s af/Daf/
;fj{ h lgs eO/x] s f 5g\ . o;
cfof]hgfcGtu{t cfwfh;f] /sd cfk"m
dftxtsf ;~rf/ ;+:yfnfO{ / lgs6
sfo{stf{xsf] sfo{qmd k|rf/k|;f/
vr{df pkof]u ug{ k|wfgdGqLn] lgb]z
lbPsf] atfOG5 . k|wfgdGqL dfwjs'df/
g]kfnn] cf}ifwf]krf/tkm{ 5 s/f]8 k}ofF
cfgf dftxtsf rf/ ;oeGbf a9L
sfo{stf{nfO{ cfly{s /fxtsf] kdf
ljt/0f u/]sf 5g\ . k|wfgdGqL dftxtdf
/xg] /sd dlGqkl/ifb\sf] # ca{ %)
s/f]8, k|wfgdGqL sfof{nosf] ^@ s/f]8,
;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udgsf] rf/ s/f]8 atfP . ;g\ @))@ b]lv ljZj a}s
&& nfv, g]kfn 6i6sf] !@ s/f]8 #$
nfv, ;"rgf k|ljlwsf] ^) s/f]8, ul/aL
lgjf/0f sf]ifsf] b'O{ ca{ &@ s/f]8,
/fli6o ;fs{ s]Gb|sf] tLg s/f]8 *)
nfv, cf}ifwf]krf/tkm{ 5 s/f]8 /x]sf
5g\ eg] s'g} b}jL k|sf]k k/]sf] a]nf
p4f/sf nflu v8f ul/Psf] k|wfgdGqL
/fxt sf]ifdf slt /sd 5 eGg] s'/f
clxn] ; Dd olsg ePsf] 5} g .
dfwjs'df/ g]kfnn] cfly{s clgoldttf
ug]{ qmddf olt;Dd clgoldttf u/]
ls u[xdGqLsf] x]lnsf]K6/ vr{ ltg{ cfg}
bnsf cy{ d GqLf/f c:jLsf/
ul/lbFbf;d]t u[xdGqLsf] x]lnsf]K6/ vr{
ltg{ k|wfgdGqLf/f cfb]z lbP . Ps
k6s u[xdGqLn] JolStut 3'd3fdsf
nflu x]lnsf]K6/df vr{ u/]sf] /sd b'O{
s/f]8 k}ofF ePsf] lyof] . Toltv]/
u[xn] k]; u/]sf] lan Ps s/f]8 $%
nfv k}ofF lyof] . t/, cy{dGqfnon]
^( nfv *& xhf/ rf/ ;o #$ k}ofFsf]
lan dfq} lgod;+ut ePsf] eGb} cy{n]
lbg dfg]g . JolStut k|of]hgsf nflu
x]lnsf]K6/ r9]/ ;/sf/af6 k};f lt/fpg
vf]hs] f] eGb} cy{n] ;a} /sd gdfg]kl5
dGqL /fjnn] k|wfgdGqLnfO{ u'xf/]sf
lyP . u[xdGqL /fjnsf] bafadf
k|wfgdGqL g]kfnn] cy{dGqL ;'/G] b| kf08]
/ ;lrj /fd]Zj/ vgfnnfO{ af]nfP/
x]lnsf]K6/sf] lan e'Stfg ug{ 7f8f]
cfb]z u/]sf lyP . Tof] u[x dGqfnon]
ltg'{kg]{ ;a} /sd g]kfnL ;]gfsf]
x]lnsf]K6/ ef8fdf k|of]u ubf{sf] lyof] .
;]gfn] nfdf] ;dob]lv ef8f gkfPkl5
u[xdGqL / ;/sf/;Fu c;Gt'li6
hgfPkl5 / ;]gfn] ;f+sl] ts kdf
u[xdGqLnfO{ x]lnsf]K6/ k|of]u ug{ glbg]
hgfp lbPkl5 u[xn] pSt /sd cy{df
k]; u/]sf] lyof] .
;xdlt===
klg rfNg] 5, o;af/]df xfdLn] klxn]bl] v
g} :ki6kdf eGb} cfPsf 5f}F . pxfFn]
h]7 !% ut] v'nf d~raf6 dfcf]jfbLn]
xfn;Dd tof/ u/]sf gofF ;+ljwfgsf
;a} ljifoxsf] ;+snt ;fj{hlgs ug{
/ To;kl5 d'ns ' df pTkGg ;+s6
;dfwfgsf nflu cl3 a9\g] klg :ki6
ug{e' of] . t/, ;+ljwfg;ef g/x] klg
afFsL rf/ dlxgf zflGtk|lqmof /xg] /
To;df dfcf]jfbLn] Odfgbf/Lk"js { cfgf]
e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{ pxfFsf] egfO lyof] .
5 dlxgfkl5 k'gM lj36g ug{ u/L /
;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] Uof/]G6L gx'g] u/L
;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb yKg] kIfdf
dfcf]jfbL g/x]sf] zdf{n] :ki6 kfg'e{ of] .
t/, ;xdtLo k|0ffnLdf uP/ ;+ljwfg
lgdf{0fsf] Uof/]G6L x'g] eP dfcf]jfbL Dofb
yksf] kIfdf /xg] pxfFsf] egfOlyof] .
xfdL Dofb yKg' x'bF g} eGg]df 5}gf},F t/
s'g p2]Zosf nflu yKg'kg],{ of] :ki6
x'gk' 5{ zdf{n] eGg'eof] . h]7 !$ ;Dd
;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb gylkP s] x'G5
eGg] k|Zgdf g]tf zdf{n] eGg'eof], b'O{
jif{sf nflu cyjf ;+ljwfg hf/L
gx'Gh]nsf nflu eGg] b'Oj{ 6f ljsNk
;+ljwfgdf 5 . To;sf/0f ;+ljwfg
lgdf{0fsf] s'/fnfO{ d'Vo agfP/ ;xdlt
;fy Dofb yKg] l t/ hfg' k 5{ .
dfcf]jfbLn] ;Defljt /fhgLlts
b'36{ gfxaf6 d'ns ' nfO{ arfpg] lg0f{o
lng] pxfFn] atfpg'eof] . dfcf]jfbL /
cGo bnxaLr ;]gf ;dfof]hgsf]
d'2fdf c;xdlt gePsf] t/, ;+Vof
tf]Sg'k5{ eGg] ts{ hfoh gePsf] klg
zdf{n] atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] ;xdltlagf
g} ;/sf/n] ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb yKg
k|:t't u/]sf] ljwos lgx'F vf]hfO{ ePsf]
klg cf/f]k nufpg'eof] .
lg/Lx====
p7fpg] k|z:t cfwf/x b]lvPsf
5g\, /fi6 a}+s ;w}F bftfsf] cl3
gtd:ts ePsf] cf/f]k nufpFb} If]qLn]
eg], ljjfbf:kb eOPnf eg]/ c?nfO{
g} lg0f{o u/ eGg' cfgf] sdhf]/L
n'sfpg] / g]kfnLk|lt cljZjf; ug{' g}
xf] . If]qLn] a}s
+ sf] k|dv
' sfo{sf/Lsf
nflu g]kfnLx g} ;Ifd /x]sf] atfP .
o;cl3 a}s + tyf ljQLo ;+:yf lgodg
ljefusf sfo{sf/L lgb]z { s ;'zLn/fd
{ g dfy]dfn] k|fljlws / ;}4flGts k|:tfj
7
;~rfns ;ldltsf] :jLs[ltlagf g}
vf]n/] ;~rfns ;ldltdf k]; u/]kl5
af]8n{ ] k|lqmof g} /2 u/L gofF k|lqmof
;'? ug{] lg0f{o u/]sf] lyof] . /fi6 a}s
+ sf]
of] lg0f{o;Fu} tL b'O{ a}s
+ sf] Joj:yfkgsf
af/]df /fi6 a}+ssf] lg0f{o Ifdtf
sdhf]/ / cl:y/ b]lvPsf] If]qLn]
+ /
l8PkmcfO8Lsf] cfly{s ;xof]udf
ljQLo If]q ;'wf/ sfo{qmdcGtu{t
Joj:yfkg rnfO/x] s f ;/sf/L
:jfldTjsf oL b'j} a}s + df ljb]zLnfO{
sfo{sf/L clws[t lgo'St ug{ ljZj
a}s
+ n] bafa lbFb} cfPsf] lyof] . ;g\
@))@ df b'j} a}s + df ljb]zL Joj:yfkg
cfP klg @))& kl5 eg] g]kfn a}s + df
/fi6 a}+ss} k|ltlglwn] Joj:yfkg
;Dxfn]sf lyP .
o;}u/L, /fli6o jfl0fHo a}s + df
ljb]zL Joj:yfkgs} hgfb{g cfrfo{sf]
6f] n Ln] xfn;Dd Joj:yfkg
;Dxfln/x]sf] 5 . o;}aLr, s]Gb|Lo a}s +
;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7sn] hgzlSt
Joj:yfkg ljefun] l;kmfl/; u/]sf]
g]kfn /fi6 a}s+ sd{rf/L ljlgodfjnL,
@)^@ df ;+zf]wg u/L >LdtL ;'Ts]/L
ePsf] cj:yfdf /x]sf sd{rf/LnfO{
!% lbg ;'Ts]/L :ofxf/ labf lbg]
lg0f{ o ;d] t u/] s f] 5 . o;cl3
sd{rf/Lxn] lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln]
kfPsf] ;'ljwf /fi6 a}s + sf sd{rf/Ln]
klg kfpg'kg]{ dfu ub}{ cfPsf lyP .
;/sf/===
;fj{hlgs ubf{ cfklQ x'g] of] h:tf]
lg/\sz ' tfgfzfx c? s]xL x'g ;S5
of] lg/\sz
' tfsf] k/fsfi7f xf] . g]tf
u'?n] dfcf]jfbLn] ;8saf6 ;+ljwfg
3f]if0ff ug{ nfu]sf] geO{ ;+ljwfg
gaGg] l:yltdf cfgf] kf6L{n] gofF
;+ljwfgsf nflu ;+ljwf;gefdf k];
u/]sf k|:tfj hgtfnfO{ hfgsf/L
u/fpgsf nflu ePsf] k|i6 kfg{e ' of] .
hgtfnfO{ cfTdlg0f{osf] clwsf/ 5,
Tof] dfGg klg ;S5g\ gdfGg klg
;S5g\, dfcf]jfbLn] ;fj{hlgs u/]sf]
;+ljwfg dfGg] of gdfGg] clwsf/
hgtfnfO{ ePsf] pxfFsf] egfO 5 .
/fhgLlts uTofj/f]w sfod} /fv]/
;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb yKg'sf] cf}lrTo
gx' g ] dfcf] j fbL wf/0ff bf] x f]
ofpg'ePsf g]tf u'?n] Dofb yk
ug{ s f nflu jt{ d fg ;/sf/sf]
/fhLgfdf / cGtl/d ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg
u/]/ ax'dtLo k|0ffnLsf] Joj:yfnfO{
;xdtLodf n}hfg'kg]{ atfpg'eof] .
/fhgLlts 8]8nu sfod} /fv]/
;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb yKg'sf] cf}lrTo
5}g pxfFsf] egfO lyof] . ;+ljwfg
lgdf{0f dfcf]jfbLn] geO{ ;/sf/n]
cj?4 u/]sf] u'?sf] egfO 5 . of]
!@ dlxgf;Dd ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f cj?4
ug{ / # dlxgfb]lv k"/} sfd /f]Sg]
;/sf/n] g} l tstfsf] lx;fan]
/flhgfdf lbg'k5{ pxfFn] dfcf]jfbLsf
sf/0f ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f cj?4 eof]
eGg]xnfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] s'g lbg s'g
ljifodf cj?4 uof] k'li6 u/]/
b]vfpg r'gf}tL;d]t lbg'eof] .
dfs'gs
] f]===
;+3Lotf / wd{lg/k]Iftfsf] kIfdf klg
lyPgg\ . pgL /fhfnfO{ bfd /fv]/
9f]Ug] clg laGtLkq xfn]/ k|wfgdGqLdf
dgf]lgt x'g kfP klg x'GYof] eGg] nf]eL
/ nfnrL ljrf/df dfq} ;Lldt lyP .
o:tf u0ftGqlj/f]wL, ;+3Lotf lj/f]wL,
wd{lg/k]Iftflj/f]wL tyf ;+ljwfg;ef
lj/f]wL dfwj g]kfnnfO{ oxL sf/0fn]
hgtfn] b'O{b'O{ 7fpFaf6 r'gfjdf
x/fPsf klg lyP . t/, hgtfn]
x/fPsf dfG5] clxn] k|wfgdGqL ag]sf
5g\ . o;af6 pgn] hgtf /
nf]stGqsf] ckdfg t u/]s} lyP,
ca ;+ljwfg;efsf] ;d]t 7f8} ckdfg
u/]/ hgk|ltlglwd"ns ;+:yfsf] ;d]t
wHhL p8fPsf 5g\ . pgn] hgtfn]
;+ l jwfg agfpg kfpg\ eg] /
;+ljwfg;efsf] kIf lnPs} xf]Og
/x]5g\, pgsf] OR5f / lrGtg t cem}
klg /fhfsf] uf]8fdf bfd /fVg] x:eGbf
dfl:t/ p7] s } /x] g 5 . o:tf]
;+ljwfg;ef lj/f]wL JolStn] s;/L
;+ljwfg;efdfkm{t\ gofF ;+ljwfg
agfpnf eg]/ ljZjf; ug{ < To;y{
;+ljwfg;efn] cljZjf; k|:tfjdfkm{t\
t'?Gt dfwj g]kfnnfO{ kbRo't u/f];\
/ pgsf] ;ef;b\ kb;d]t /2 u/f];\ .
8 @)^&
;+jw} flgs ;+s6k|lt gful/s ;dfhsf] lrGtf
sf7df8f} F . d' n ' s uDeL/
/fhgLlts / ;+j}wflgs ;+s6lt/
8f]l/Psf] eGb} gful/s ;dfhsf
ljleGg JolStxf/f lrGtf JoSt
ub}{ ;+o'St k|]; lj1lKt hf/L u/]sf
5g\ . lj1lKtdf /fli6o ;xdltsf]
;/sf/ t'?Gt u7g ug{sf nflu af6f]
vf]Ng jt{dfg ;/sf/n] /fhLgfdf ug{
cfu|x ub}{ k|d'v /fhgLlts bnx,
;fy{s / ;3g jftf{df a:g / ;Qf
;fem]bf/L, ;] gf ;dfof]h g tyf
k' g :yf{kgf, g] k fnL ;] g fsf]
nf]stfGqLs/0f / ;+ljwfgsf ufF7f]
k/]sf ;jfnxnufot c;xdlt
/x]sf cfwf/e"t d'2fxaf/] t'?Gt
cu|ufdL ;xdlt ug{;d]t cfu|x
ul/Psf] 5 . gofF ;+ljwfg hf/L ug]{
csf]{ ldlt cljnDa 3f]if0ff u/ /
;f]xLcg'k ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb 5
dlxgf yKg;d]t lj1lKtdf pNn]v
5 . lj1lKtdf cufl8 elgPsf] 5,
;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjkl5 b]zdf
sfod ul/Psf] ax' d tLo
/fhgLltcGtu{t k|d'v /fhgLlts
bnxsf aLrdf r' l nPsf]
cfTds]lGb|t /fhgLlt, cljZjf; /
c;dembf/Ln] ubf{ cu|ufdL cfly{s,
;fdflhs kl/jt{gsf] ;Defjgf,
nf] s tflGqs u0ftGq, ;+ 3 Lo
/fHok|0ffnL / wd{lg/k]If /fHosf]
:yfkgfh:tf o'ufGtsf/L nf]stflGqs
pknlAwx;d]t v]/ hfg] x'g\ ls
dWoklZrd emf8fkvfnfsf] pRr hf]lvddf
;'v{]t . ut jif{em}F o; jif{
emf8fkvfnfsf] dxfdf/L km}ng glbg
dWoklZrdsf cf7 lhNnfnfO{
emf8fkvfnfsf] pRr hf]lvddf /flvPsf]
5 . ut jif{ dxfdf/Laf6 kfFr hgfeGbf
a9Lsf] d[To' ePsf lhNnfnfO{ pRr
hf]lvddf /fv]/ ;a}vfn] tof/L k"/f
ul/Psf] dWoklZrdf~rn If]qLo :jf:Yo
lgb{z
] gfno, ;'vt{] n] hgfPsf] 5 . o;
jif{ k|sf]k km}lng glbg sd{rf/LnfO{
nfdf] labf / sfh ;?jf glbg] tyf
lgoldt :jf:Yo ;+:yfdf a:g'kg]{ Joj:yf
ldnfOPsf] tyf dWoklZrdsf lhNnfsf
tLg txdf cf}iflw e08f/0fsf] u/L tof/L
cj:yfdf /flvPsf] If]qLo lgb]z { s
df]xdb bfpbn] atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] !%
j6} lhNnfsf lhNnf c:ktfn, If]q /
Onfsf:t/Lo s]Gb|df kof{Kt cf}iflw
e08f/0f ul/Psf] hfgsf/L lbFb} ;a}
lhNnfdf dfxfdf/L km}lng glbg k|rf/
k|;f/nufotsf ;a} sfd eO/x]sf]
d'x'g2] xf]f===ls Gofoflwzsf] ljj]sdf eGg]
k|Zg klg plAhPsf] 5 . xl/uf]ljGb
n'O6F n ] sf] l/6df cGtl/d cfb]z hf/L
ug]{ Gofoflwz df]xgk|sfz l;6f}nf
x'gx' G' 5 eg] uf]ljGb cfrfo{;lxt $
hgfsf] l/6df cGtl/d cfb]zsf nflu
5nkmn ug{ eg]/ ldlt tf]Sg] Gofolwz
tkaxfb'/ du/ x'gx' G' 5 . k|; ] sfplG;n
P]g @)$* df k|; ] sfplG;nsf cWoIf
/ ;b:osf] kbfjlw $ jif{ tf]lsPsf]
5 . /flhgfdf lbP jf d[To' ePdf afx]s
cjlw gk'Ub} kbjf6 x6fpg] s'g}
k|fjwfg 5}g . P]gn] g} cjlw tf]ss ] f]
/ ;/sf/nfO{ x6fpg] s'g} clwsf/
gePsf] cj:yfdf cfgf sfo{stf{ etL{
ug]{ p2]Zon] ;+rf/dGqL z+s/ kf]v/]nn]
k|;] sfplG;nsf ;b:oxnfO{ x6fPsf
lyP . t/ pgn] x6fpg u/] s f]
lg0f{onfO{ ;jf]R{ rn] cGtl/d cfb]zjf6
/f] S g' s f ;fy} cGtl/d cfb] z df
5nkmn ug{ ldlt tf]ss ] f] 5 . o;cl3
n'lDagL ljsf; sf]ifsf ;b:oxnfO{
x6fpg] ;/sf/sf] lg0f{olj?4 ;jf]R{ rsf
Gofolwzo an/fd s] ; L /
df]xgk|sfz l;6f}nfsf] ;+oQ' m Ohnfzn]
kbaf6 gx6fpg / c? s;}nfO{ g/fVg
cGtl/d cfb]z hf/L ul/;s]sf] 5 .
o:t} k|sl[ tsf] n'lDagL ljsf; sf]ifsf]
s];df ;+oQ ' m Ohnfzn];d]t tTsfn
cGtl/d cfb]z hf/L ul/;s]sf], k|; ] ;lsg] lgldQ sfof{ n o k| d ' v
sfplG;nsf csf{ ;b:osfaf/]df
To;cl3 ;jf]R{ rs} Onhf;n] tTsfn}
cGtl/d cfb]z lbPsf] cj:yfdf
Gofoflwz tkaxfb'/ du/sf] Ohnf;n]
lsg tTsfn cGtl/d cfb]z hf/L
k|sfzs tyf ;Dkfbs M /fh]Gb|k;
sfof{no M afuahf/, sf7df8f}F, df]afOn M (*$!$)#*%!, E-mail : chhepyastra@gmail.com, sDKo'6/ tyf d'bs
eGg] uDeL/ cfz+sf k}bf ePsf] 5 .
Psflt/ tf] l sPsf] ldltdf gofF
;+ljwfg hf/L ug{ k|d'v bnx g}
k|fyldstfsf ;fy nflugkbf{ /
cfhsf] ldlt;Dd klg ;+ljwfg 3f]if0ff
x'g] gofF ltly to gx'Fbf P]ltxfl;s
;+ljwfg;efsf] cl:tTj w/fkdf k/]sf]
5 . h]7 !$ kl5 b]zdf ;+j}wflgs
l/Sttf, cGof]n, c/fhstf, yk
k|ltufdL tyf ljb]zL rnv]n /
;Defljt eLif0f G k|jn ;Defjgf
aGg k'u]sf] 5 . csf]{lt/, lj:t[t
zflGt;Demf} t fadf] l hd sltko
;xdlt sfof{Gjog gx'bF f / Gofof]lrt
9n] a] n } d f dfcf] j fbL ;] g fsf]
;dfof] h g / g] k fnL ;] g fsf]
nf] s tflGqs/0f ug{ ] ljifodf
bnxaLr ;xdlt sfod gx'bF f ;du|
zflGtk|lqmof uDeL/ hf]lvddf k/]sf]
5 . o:tf] ;+ u Lg kl/l:yltdf
clxn];Ddsf /fhgLlts pknlAwx,
;+ljwfg;ef / zflGtk|lqmofnfO{
hf]ufpgsf nflu ;Dk"0f{ gful/sx
Pstfa4 x'g' cfhsf] cfjZostf
xf] . o; kl/k| ] I odf l:yltsf]
uDeL/tfnfO{ Wofgdf /fVb}
lj1lKtdfkm{ t \ cfdgful/s;dIf
cfx\jfg ul/Psf] 5 .
k|]; lj1lKtsf] ljj/0f o;k|sf/
5 b]z olta]nf uDeL/ /fhgLlts
/ ;+j}wflgs ;+s6lt/ 8f]l/Psf]df
xfdL gful/sx cToGt lrlGtt
atfpg'eof] . lhNnfdf dxfdf/Lsf]
kdf km}lnPsf] emf8fkvfnfn] ut jif{
bh{gf}sF f] d[To' ePsf] lyof] . o;}aLr,
s]xL lbgb]lv km}lnPsf] emf8fkvfnfn]
;'vt{] sf] t/uf uflj;^ l;Dn]kfgLsf
!! jifL{o eLdaxfb'/ ;'gf/sf] d[To' ePsf]
5 . emf8fkvfnf nfu]kl5 pkrf/sf]
qmddf pgsf] d[To' ePsf] :yfgLo
afl;Gbfn] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g\ . s]xL
lbg cufl8b]lv km}lnPsf] emf8fkvfnfsf
sf/0f clxn] ufpFsf bh{gf}F afl;Gbf
la/fdL k/]sf 5g\ . ufpFsf] :jf:Yo
;+:yfdf sl/a Ps jif{b]lv cx]a
gePsf] / pkrf/df klg cK7\of/f] ePsf]
:yfgLojf;Ln] u'gf;f] u/]sf 5g\ .
la/fdLsf] ;+Vof lbgk|ltlbg al9/x]sf]
/ o:t} cj:yf /lx/x]df kvfnfn]
dxfdf/Lsf] k lng ;Sg] eGb} :yfgLo
afl;Gbf ql;t ePsf 5g\ . ut jif{
dWoklZrdsf ljleGg lhNnfdf
dxfdf/Lsf] kdf km} l nPsf]
gu/]/ o;af/] 5nkmn ug{ ldlt
tf] l sof] eGg] k| Z gsf] hjfkm
lgj]bsxn] kfpg ;s]sf 5}gg .
;'ljwf===
a'emfpgsf nflu ;b/d'sfd cfpg]
u/]sf 5g\ . l5d]sL :of\hf / kj{tdf
kg] { sfnLu08sL P hnljB' t \
kl/of]hgfaf6 pTkflbt ljB't\ pkef]u
ub}{ cfPsf 6snfs !, @ / $ j8fsf
jfl;Fbfn] eg] cfnf]kfnf] k|0ffnL nfu"
ug{ u/]sf 5g\ . oL j8fdf a;f]af;
ug{ !#% 3/w'/Ln] ;fdflhskdf
d]nldnfksf] jftfj/0f l;h{gf u/L
;xsfo{df dx;'n e'StfgL ub}{ cfPsf
5g\ . pgLx cgfjZos vr{ /f]Sg
cfnf]kfnf] u/]/ dx;'n a'emfpg
;b/d' s fddf /x] s f] k| f lws/0f
sfof{ n odf cfpg] u/] s f 5g\ .
cfk"mnfO{ :of\hfdf a'emfpg ;xh x'g]
eP klg kj{t ;b/d'sfddf g} cfpg
afWo ePsf] :yfgLo tf/f Gof}kfg]n]
atfpg'eof] . Ps k6s ;b/d'sfd
k'u/] cfpFbf ? tLg xhf/eGbf a9L
vr{ x'G5 lgs} ;d:ofdf kl/of]
Gof}kfg]n] eGg'eof] . k|flws/0f kj{t
zfvfn] blIf0fL uflj;sf nflu 5'}
Joj:yf ug]{ cfZjf;g lbPsf] 5 .
:yfgLo pkef]Stf / uflj;;dIf
lgj]bg dfu]sf] / lgj]bg k/]df :of\hf
lhNnfaf6 dx;'n ltg{ Joj:yf ldnfpg
lgd{ns'df/ sfsL{n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .
Oltxf;===
5 . k|fyldstf rogdf :ki6tf /
b[ 9 tfsf] cfjZostf 5 .
| fb lrdf}l/of, ;Nnfxsf/x M 8f= 7s]Gb|ks
| fz lu/L, 8f= d'sG' b uh'/n ] , clwjQmf od nfld5fg], ch'g{ k|;fb k/fh'nL,
ePsf 5f}F . ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjkl5
b]zdf sfod ul/Psf] ax'dtLo
/fhgLltcGtu{t k|d'v /fhgLlts
bnxsf aLrdf r' l nPsf]
cfTds]lGb|t /fhgLlt, cljZjf; /
c;dembf/Ln] ubf{ cu|ufdL cfly{s,
;fdflhs kl/jt{gsf] ;Defjgf,
nf] s tflGqs u0ftGq, ;+ 3 Lo
/fHok|0ffnL / wd{lg/k]If /fHosf]
:yfkgfh:tf o'ufGtsf/L nf]stflGqs
pknlAwx ;d]t u'Dg] x'g\ ls eGg]
uDeL/ cfz+sf k}bf ePsf] 5 .
Psflt/ tf] l sPsf] ldltdf gofF
;+ljwfg hf/L ug{] k|dv ' bnx g}
k|fyldstfsf ;fy nflugkbf{ /
cfhsf] ldlt;Dd klg ;+ljwfg 3f]if0ff
x'g] gofF ltly to gx'bF f P]ltxfl;s
;+ljwfg;efsf] cl:tTj w/fkdf k/]sf]
5 . h]7 !$ kl5 b]zdf ;+j}wflgs
l/Qmtf, cGof]n, c/fhstf, yk
k|ltufdL tyf ljb]zL rnv]n /
eLif0f G k|jn ;Defjgf aGg k'us ] f]
5 . csf] { l t/, lj:t[ t
zflGt;Demf} t fadf] l hd sltko
;xdlt sfof{Gjog gx'bF f / Gofof]lrt
9n] a] n } d f dfcf] j fbL ;] g fsf]
;dfof] h g / g] k fnL ;] g fsf]
nf] s tflGqs/0f ug] { ljifodf
bnxaLr ;xdlt sfod gx'Fbf
;du| zflGtk|lqmof uDeL/ hf]lvddf
k/]sf] 5 . o:tf] ;+uLg kl/l:yltdf
clxn];Ddsf /fhgLlts pknlAwx,
emf8fkvfnfn] ;of}s F f] d[To' ePsf] lyof] .
of] jif{ klg hf/h/sf]6, ?s'd, b}nv ] ,
;'vt{] nufotsf lhNnfdf km}lnPsf]
emf8fkvfnfsf sf/0f Ps bh{geGbf
a9Lsf] d[To' eO;s]sf] 5 .
o:t} hfh/sf]6df c1ft /f]usf sf/0f
Ps} 7fpFsf tLghgfsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 .
hfh/sf]6sf] uvf{sf]6 uflj;& sf k'gL
lt?jf, /ltjfgL lt?jf / sfn' lt?jfsf]
d[To' ePsf] lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{non]
hgfPsf] 5 . klxrfg x'g g;s]sf /f]usf
sf/0f ufpFdf c? JolSt klg la/fdL
ePsf] va/ cfPsfn] :jf:YosdL{sf] 6f]nL
36gf:yntkm{ k7fO;s]sf] hfgsf/L
hg:jf:Yo sfof{nosf k|dv ' 8f emns
uf}tdn] lbg'eof] . ;b/d'sfdaf6 b'O{ lbgsf]
k}bn b"/Ldf kg]{ uvf{sf]6 uflj;df
j}zfvsf] clGtd ;ftfb]lv c1ft /f]u
km}lnPsf] :yfgLo afl;Gbfn] hgfPsf 5g\ .
;f] /f]u 7]pnf ePsf] cfzf u/] klg
klxrfg eg] eO;s]sf] 5}g .
g]t[TjxaLrdf st} cljZjfsf]
l:ylt /xg' x'Fb}g . Ps csf{df Tofu
ug'k{ g]{ / ljZjf; sfod ug'k{ g]{ l:ylt
5 . knkndf oxfF w]/} pn6k'n6x
x'g ;S5g\ . b'Zdgx xfdLk|lt slQ
g/d nrsbf/ 5}gg . o:tf] nfU5
olta]nf xfdL z'Gotfdf x/fPsf 5f}F .
lj/f]wLxn] xfdLnfO{ sdhf]/ / lg/Lx
7fg]sf 5g\ . oxL pko'Qm df}sf xf]
xfdLn] Pstfa4 x'g] / k|xf/x
s]lGb|t ug]{ . /fi6kltsf] c;+jw} flgs
sbd kl5 g} ;+ljwfg;ef lglZqmo /
k|efjxLg agfOPsf] 5 . t/ xfdLn]
g t To;nfO{ ;lqmo agfpg ;Sof} g
t lglZqmo 3f]if0ff ug{ g} oxfF;Dd
cfOk'Ubf rLhx xfdLn] ;f]r]eGbf
km/s eO;s]sf] cfefif x'G5 . xfd|f
cfFsngxn] w]/} wf]sf vfO;s]sf
5g\ . cfdx8\ t fnsf] :yugkl5
;xdlt aGg] ck]Iff ul/Ps} lyof],
Tof] pN6f] eof] . xfd|f c8fg /
kl/jt{gsf kl/b[ZoxnfO{ lgikIf
d"Nofg ug]{ xf] eg] yf]/} xfdL
x8a8fPsf 5f} F . o:tf] gxf] ; \ ,
b' Z dgxn] xfdLtk{ m aGb' s
;f]ofO/x]sf 5g\ t/ xfdL eg]
;'lt/x]sf 5f}F .
:ki6 s] xf] eg] xfdL eflu/x]sf
5f}F / pgLx bnabn;lxt nv]l6O
/x]sf 5g\ . pko'Qm 7fpFsf] vf]hL ug}{
k5{ pgLxtk{ m hfO{ nfUg] .
efUbfefUb} ug]{ ;xdlt cfTd;dk{0f
x'G5 . xfdL p2]Zo;lxt of] hgjfb
kdf efu]sf 5f}F . ha pgLx yfSb}
hfG5g ta xfd|f cfqmd0fx t]lhnf
x'g] 5g\ . xf] xfd|f sdhf]/L ;Ldf /
| M lwDn] ckm;]6 k|;] , l8NnLahf/, lkknaf]6 glhs}, kmf]gM $$$%%@)
;+ljwfg;ef / zflGt k|lqmofnfO{
hf]ufpgsf nflu ;Dk"0f{ gful/sx
Pstfa4 x'g' cfhsf] cfjZostf xf] .
o; kl/k|I] odf l:yltsf] uDeL/tfnfO{
Wofgdf /fVb} xfdL cfJxfg u5f}+{ -!_
k|d'v /fhgLlts bnx ;fy{s /
;3g jftf{df a; . ;Qf ;fem]bf/L,
;]gf ;dfof]hg tyf k'g:yf{kgf,
g]kfnL ;]gfsf] nf]stflGqs/0f /
;+ l jwfgsf ufF 7 f] k/] s f
;jfnxnufot c;xdlt /x]sf
cfwf/e"t d'2fxaf/] t'?Gt cu|ufdL
;xdlt u/, -@_ /fli6o ;xdltsf]
;/sf/ t'?Gt u7g u/ . To;sf
nflu af6f] vf]Ng jt{dfg ;/sf/n]
/fhLgfdf u/, -#_ gofF ;+ljwfg hf/L
ug{] csf]{ ldlt cljnDa 3f]if0ff u/
/ ;f]xLcg'k ;ljwfg;efsf] Dofb
yk u/ . pQm k|; ] lj1lKtdf x:tfIf/
ug] { x df Zofd >] i 7, w' | j xl/
clwsf/L, e}/j l/;fn, gf/fo0fk|;fb
zdf{, 8f= lktfDa/ zdf{, 8f= dx]z
df:s], /fog >]i7, /fd]z >]i7,
u'0flglw zdf{, 8f= /]0f'/fh e08f/L,
h]la 6'x'/], lbk]Gb|axfb'/ If]qL, 8f=
z/b jGt, Zofd sf]h', u+uf s;h',
xl/uf]ljGb n'OF6]n, lw/]Gb k]|dlif{,
x]daxfb'/ lai6, /fh]Gb| dxh{g, d'Qmf
>]i7, Psnfn >]i7, /fdk|;fb 1jfnL,
af]w/fh lqkf7L, ljGb' uf}td, b'uf{
;f]j, lji0f'xl/ 9sfn /x]sf 5g\ .
cg'zLn ;fksf]6f, k|lzIffyL{ kqsf/
ca cd]l/sL leiff cfj]bg
cgnfOgaf6 dfq
sf7df8f}F . cd]l/sf hfg rfxg]xn]
ca cgnfOgaf6 dfq le;f cfj]bg k|lqmof
cl3 a9fpg'kg]{ ePsf] 5 . sf7df8f}lF :yt
cd]l/sL b"tfaf;n] u}/cfk|jf;L le;f
lgj]bssf nflu h]7 !& b]lv gofF Joj:yf
ug{ nfu]sf] xf] . cgnfOg kmf/d cd]l/sL
b"tfjf;sf] g]kfncGtu{t j]a;fO6 lgMz'Ns
k|fKt ug{ ;lsg]5 . cgnfOg kmf/d e/]kl5
cGtjf{tf{sf] ;do tf]Sg glan a}s + df b:t'/
a'emfpg kg]{ sf7df8f}lF :yt cd]l/sL b"tfaf;n]
hgfPsf] 5 . c:yfoL le;f dfUg] #) xhf/
g]kfnLnfO{ of] k|lqmofn] ;lhnf] agfpg]
sfo{qmd sG;'n Sn] P8n/n] atfP . Psbd}
sd OG6/g]6 Joj:yf ePsf] g]kfndf o;nfO{
;]jfu|fxLn] ;'ljwfsf] kdf cg'ej ug{ s]xL
;do nfUg] pgn] atfP . cd]l/sfn] ;oeGbf
a9L b]zdf cgnfOg le;f lgj]bg k|lqmof
;'? eO;s]sf] 5 . o;cl3 sf7df8f}lF :yt
a]nfotL b"tfaf;n] klg le;f cfj]bg
cgnfOgaf6 dfq lng] Joj:yf u/]sf] lyof] .
;'/z
] kf}8n] , k|lzIffyL{ kqsf/
afWotfxnfO{ b'Zdgxn] e/k'/
pkof]u u/]sf 5g\ / pgLx ;kmn
7fg] s f 5g\ . pgLxsf
sdhf]/LxnfO{ klg xfdL /fd|; } uF
lgofln/x]sf 5f}F . km/s olt 5,
pgLx ld;kmfo/ ubf{ klg ;kmn
h:tf b]lvG5g t/ xfdLnfO{ df];kmfo/
ug]{ df}sf 5}g . nv]6g\ ' / ltt/ljt/
kfg'{ dfq xfd|f] p2]Zo x}g .
kl/l:yltn] PsLs[t dfcf]jfbLsf]
g]tT[ jaf6 7f]; / bL3{sfnLg lg0f{osf]
dfu u/]sf] 5 t/n / cNksfnLg
x}g . b'Zdgsf] 3]/faGbL emg} k]lrnf]
aGb} 5 . w]/} JofVof / ljZn]if0f eGbf
klg tof/L / of]hgf lgdf{0fdf h'6g\ k' g]{
5 . sfo{stf{xdf :k:6 dfu{lrq
/ lbzfaf]wsf] cfjZostf 5 . ;d:of
;dy{s, z'eR] 5's / sfo{stf{df 5}g .
g] t [ T j k" / } /fli6 o cGt/f{ l i6 o
clUgk/LIffdf 5 . Psftk{m ;+od /
w}o{tfsf] vfFrf] 5 eg] csf]{tk{m ;xL
;dodf ;xL lg0f{ o sf] bzjif] {
hgo'4sf cf/f]xcj/f]xx kf/ ub}{
cfPsf] g]t[Tj of] lg0ff{os 38Ldf
c;kmn x'g] 5}g . Hjf/fef6fxnfO{
l5rf]n]/} klg of] ;s'zn cufl8
a9\g] 5 . xfd|f b'ZdgnfO{ ca xfd|f
3'sL{, efif0f / r]tfjgLn] 5'g ;Sb}g .
;QfsAhf ljb|fx] jf qmflGtsf] gf/fn]
dfq pgLxnfO{ s]xL km/s kfg{
5f8]sf] 5, a? To;nfO{ b]vfP/
cfk"mn] ;Qf sAhf ug]{ xltof/ dfq
agfP . efif0faf6 x} g sfd /
Jojxf/af6 clg eJo of]hgf /
tof/Laf6 cufl8 a9\ g ' k g] {
cfjZostf 68\sf/f] aGb} 5 .
sf= ;fn
lh= k|= h]
sf=7 b=( g+ut] cfOtaf/
= !^#@)^#^$
;do;Gbe{
Pd= nfld5fg] dn
jt{dfgsf] lgsf; k|dsf] /fhLgfdf
;/sf/ 6;d; ePsf] b]lvFbg} . ;'?sf kl/ifb\sf] a}7s af]nfO{ ;/sf/n]
k|dv' k|ltkIfnufot cfgf lj/f]wLxnfO{ nL b]vfpFb} xfdL b]vfO{ lbG5f}s F f]
z}nLdf ;/sf/n] lj/f]wL;Fu df]ndf]nfO ul//x]sf] 5 . ;/sf/n] k|dv ' k|ltkIf;Fu
/fv]sf dfux gofF geP/ k'/fg} 5g\ . zflGt jftf{ kZrft oL dfux g]kfnL
/fhg}lts j[Qdf 3'ld/x]sf b]lvG5g . cGo b]zdf ljb|fx] L jf ;/sf/ Ot/ kIfn]
dfu /fVb5g\ eg] 7Ls To;sf] pN6f] g]kfndf ;/sf/n] k|ltkIf;Fu dfu /fVb}5 .
;/sf/sf] lg/Lxtf, c;Ifdtf k|df0f cfk}mF af]N5 h;f] ePsf] 5 . t/ oyfy{tfdf
To;sf] 7Ls ljkl/t /x]sf] 5 . ;/sf/n] eGg] u/]sf hgzlQm ;]gfsf] ;+Vof
lgwf{/0f jfOl;Pnsf] lj36g, ;DklQ sAhf h:tf c3]n { f] cl3 ;fl/Fb} 5 .
jf:jtdf oL olb ;d:of g} x'g\ eg] o:tf ;d:ofx zflGt jftf{;uF ;Fu} Ho"bF }
/x]sf 5g\ .
;/sf/n] 6f c8\ofPsf] oL ;jfndf clxn] g} ;+Vof lsg lgwf{/0f cfjZos
kof] . hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] of]Uotfsf] af/]df lgwf{/0f eO;s]sf] 5 .
cof]Uox 3/ kmls{;s]sf 5g\ . of]Uo /x]sf af/]df sf]sf] ;'/Iff lgsfodf
hfg] sf]sf] n] j}slNks af6f] 5fGg] of] pgLxs} :jOR5fdf 5f8\bf pko'Qm
lgsf; xf] . lsg clxn] ;dfof]hg ul/g]xsf] ;+Vof lgwf{/0f ul/g' kof] . To;n]
s:tf] ljgafwf k'ofpFb5 gofF ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fdf @ jif{;Dd r'Kk nfUg] clGtd
38Ldf o;sf] ljjfb lgDTofpg' lgx'F vf]Hg' eGbf csf]{ s]xL xf]Og . To:t} ;DklQ
sAhf ;DaGwdf . o:tf ;d:of a9L kdf dw];df xf]nfg\ . @ jif{ k"j{ olb o:tf
sAhf ePsf 5g\ eg] lsg o; k"j{ df}g al;of] . ;DklQ sAhf af/]df ;f]rfOsf]
w/ftnLo sf/0fn] lgsf; af/] ljjfb xf]nf . u}x| dfcf]jfbLx /fHosf] P]g sfg'g
afx]s s;}sf] ;DklQdf cgflws[t x:tIf]k ug{ x'bF g} eGg] ub{5g\ . P]g sfg'g
agfpg] jf:tjdf hgtf x'g\ / pgLxn] rfx]df h:tf];s ' } slyt sfg'gsf] cj1f
ug{ ;S5g\ . /fHosf P]g sfg'g To;/L g} kl/jt{g ul/Psf 5g\ . olb hgtfdf
ju{ ljwfg ltj| kdf kfGtl/ x'bF 5 } . Psy/L vfg], sfd gug],{ zf]if0f ug]{
x'G5g\ / csf]y{ l/ To;sf] ljkl/t x'G5g\ eg] To:tf ax';V+ osn] JolQm jf /fHosf]
;DklQdf sAhf ug's { f] ljsNk b]lvFbg} . @) jif{d} rKkn rnfpg]x s;/L
cfnL;fg dxndf a:5g\ . /fd|f / dxFuf uf8Ldf ;jf/ u5{g\ . kfl/jfl/s vr{
jr{x ;De|fGt h:t} rn]sf] 5 eg] To:tfsf] ;DklQdf hgtf h'g;'s} kf6L{sf]
eP klg wfjf gaf]nL /xg ;Sb}gg\ . Oltxf; Tof] klg xfd|} Oltxf; x]bf{ ljutdf
sfFu; ]| sf] babjLdf sfFu; ]| sf] bf]if b]vfOGYof] . dfn] sfndf g]skf dfn]sf] / clxn]
To:tf ;DklQ sAhfsf] s'/f ubf{ dfcf]jfbLsf] rrf{ ul/G5 . oltv]/ sfFu;
Pdfn] hgtfaf6 pk]lIft /x]sf] 5 . Pdfn], sfFu; ]| sf gLlt, sfo{qmd, Jojxf/,
]| ,
d'No dfGotf, cfbz{ /fd|f ePsf eP pgLx hgtfaf6 pk]lIft x'g] lyPgg\ /
hgtfnfO{ ;Qf];/fk ub}g{ lyP . t/ sAhf ;DklQ lkmtf{ u/ egL xnf] e6\sfpg'
eGbf slyt sfg'gsf] ;fxf/f lnFb} ljlwjt sfg'gL /fHosf] cg'el" t lbnfpg'
;/sf/sf] bfloTj ePsf] dx;'; x'g] eP cfk}mF n] lkmtf{ u/fpg ;s]sf] eP /fd|f]
x'GYof] . cfk"m g;Sg] cnfO{ sf]if lbg] eg]sf] gsr/f] k|jl[ Q xf] . jf:tjdf
hgtfaf6 s;}sf] ;fj{hlgs jf JolQmut ;DklQ hkmt ul/Psf] 5 eg] To:tf
hkmt ug]{ JolQmx /fHof/f gfd gfdf]l; ;+sng u/L e"ldlxg ls;fg cflbaf6
ePsf 5g\ eg] ltgLxsf] ljsNk vf]hL caf6 ;DklQ lkmtf{ ug]{ sfd klg
/fHos} xf] . olb b]zdf ;/sf/ eP ;/sf/n] To:tf] ;DklQ lkmtf{ ljt/0f
cflbdf cfgf] gLlt ;fj{hlgs ug'{ kb{5 . ;DklQ unt tl/sfn] cfh]s { f] 5
sfg'gL k|lqmof k"/f u/]sf] 5}g n'sfPsf] 5 eg] To:tf] ;DklQsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{
sfo{ ;/sf/sf] xf] . ;/sf/ c;Ifd, ckf/bzL{ ePdf hgtf cfk}mF pqG5 .
clxn] ePsf] Tolt xf] . lxhf] / cfhsf zf]ifs km6fxfsf] ;DklQ sAhf ePsf] eg]
hgtfn] l7s} u/] eGbf pko'Qm x'G5 t/ Tof] afx]s st} unt ePsf] 5 eg]
To:tf] ;DklQ lkmtf{ ug}{ kb{5 Tof] sfd /fHo jf ;/sf/ sf] xf] . /Xof] jfOl;Pnsf]
vf/]hL . xftxltof/ lagf s'g} ;+ul7t eP/ ;fd"lxs kdf a:g gkfpg] st}
pNn]v 5}g . u}xs | fg'gL xft, xltof/, uf]nf, af?b af]s/] ;+ul7t kdf a:5
eg] To;nfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ ;/sf/ :jo+n] ;S5 Tof] afx]s lsg vf; . ljleGg
hgjuL{o ;+u7gnfO{ of] / Tof] axfgf lgsfNg' / ;/sf/ cfgf] nIo gofF ;+ljwfg
agfpg] nIoaf6 ljd'v x'g k|oTg ul//x]sf] b]lvG5 .
o;/L jt{dfg ;Qfl;gxn] cfgf] ;Qf nDAofpg e]8f / Jof;f]sf] syfh:t}
kfgL wldnf] agfPsf] lgx'F vf]h] h:tf] dfq xf] . ;Qfl;g leqs} Psy/L wd{lg/k]If,
;+3Lotfnufotsf k|ultzLn kl/jt{g b]lv cflQPsf 5g\ . /fhfsf sfFwdf
aGb's /fvL a|Xdn'6 u/L vfPsf / /fHo sf]ifsf] n'6 u/]sfx oltv]/ sfg'gL
/fHosf] jsfnt ul//x]sf 5g\ . ljutdf ltgLxn] sf08} sf08 ubf{ cfk}mF n]
:yflkt u/]sf kDk/fut 5fglag k|0ffnL, Gofo k|0ffnL, k|zf;lgs k|0ffnLaf6
bf]if d'Qm ePsf 5g\ / sltkon] To;}nfO{ klg cj1f u/]sf 5g\ . To;/L vfg
kNs]sfxnfO{ hgtfn] lrg]sf 5g\ / k/flht klg ul/lbPsf 5g\ . ar]
v'rs ] fxn] cfgf] eljio b]vs ] f 5}gg\ . To:tf JolQmx k|ult t ;+ljwfg
ug0ffdf kb}g{ y] . ToxL ;+ljwfg;efn] ;+ljwfg agfpg'kg]{ ePaf6 ca Ps xKtf
kl5 ;+ljwfg agfpg] Dofb ;lsFb} 5 . /fli6o ;xdlt aGg] ;Defjgf Hofb} Go"g
b]lvG5 . ;/sf/ kIf lxhf] cfGbf]ng lkmtf{ n]p clg ;xdltsf] nflu /fhLgfdf
lbg] eGYof] eg] clxn] ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb yk clg ;xdlt tk{m nfuf}nf eGg]
egfO cl3 ;fb}{ 5 . h]7 !$ kl5 ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg x'g g;s] /fi6klt, dlGqkl/ifb\,
;+;b\ ;a}sf] Dofb ;lsG5 . o;n] Nofpg] kl/0ftL blIf0fkGyLxsf] rnv]n a8]
klg hgtfaf6 ltl/:s[t Tof] ;d"x klg lg/Lx aGg' afx]s s]xL x'g] 5}g . o;af6
;a} g]kfnLsf] xf/afx]s csf]{ s]xL b]lvFbg} eg] ;Qfl;gx ljb]zLsf] a'Or9L
u/]sf] r'l/k'm/L s]xL ;do kZrft uNg] 5 . oltv]/ ef/tLo kIfw/x ;nanfpg
yfn]sf 5g\ . /fs]z ;'bx cFWof/f] s'gfdf g]kfnnfO{ s;/L c;kmn /fi6
agfpg] / cfgf] lglxt :jfy{ k'/f ug]{ v]ndf nfu]sf 5g\ . o:tf] cj:yfdf
;/sf/ rnfPsf] cfTd/tLdf ;Gt'i6L x'g' eGbf dfwj g]kfnn] /fhLgfdf lbg'
afx]s csf]{ ljsNk 5}g . x]Ssf /xf];\ g]kfn /Xof] / u0ftGq /Xof] eg] xjf eP
klg ltdL sfutfnL kof] eg] k]ml/ klg k|wfgdGqL aGg ;sf}nf xf]Og eg]
c;kmn /fi6sf] gful/s x'bF } Oltxf;df ltdL / ltd|f jhltof/ sn+lst eOg}
/xg] 5g\ . /fli6o ;xdltsf] nflu ltd|f] /fhLgfdf g} jt{dfgsf] lgsf; xf] .
ljs[lt / lj;+ult oyfjt /fVg lsg ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb a9fpg] of] hgtfsf]
k|Zg xf] < ;do 5 k]ml/ ;f]rf}F . k]ml/ ;f]rf}F
ljrf/ hut\sf] cnUu} uf]/6] f]
gof c+s ahf/df cfpb5
}