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Describe and Discuss The Nativist Approach To The Development of Early Child Abilities
Describe and Discuss The Nativist Approach To The Development of Early Child Abilities
Baillargeon found that children at around 5 months understand both that objects exist even when
occluded, and that solid objects do not move through space occupied by other solid objects. Like Meltzoff
and Borton, he measured how long children looked at an event: in the control condition a screen fell on a
cube and rested on it, and in the experimental condition the screen moved through the space occupied by
the box. The pps looked significantly longer at the impossible event, showing that they had an understanding
of object permanence- contrary to Piaget’s finding that we only do at 8 months.
Baillargeon study and the Meltzoff and Borton’s study have both been used to prove that indeed we
are born with much of the tools that are needed to understand the world. However, one could also argue
from a constructivism perspective that we just learn very quickly- although its difficult to imagine that we
just ‘learn’ to integrate between senses so quickly, without some biological predisposition to learn such
things.
Although much opposition to the Nativist explanation and supporting studies is from Piaget-the
given studies are also far more scientific and valid then poor old Piaget’s evidence. Piaget did a longitudinal
study on his own children, and measured when they could successfully complete certain tasks such as
searching for a hidden object. This isn’t internally valid as Piaget is measuring when children have developed
the the motor and visual capacities, as well a grasp on object permanence in order to try and find the hidden
object. Measuring how long children look at an object is more valid as where the child is looking gives a
better, although not perfect insight into what the child is thinking. This is why it’s generally considered that
he underestimated the capabilities of children. Piaget’s study also used a small sample, which may not be
representative of the whole population as his children may be more adept to learn. Piaget’s evidence may
also be subjective, as while he noted down and recorded much of his children’s behaviour- he may have
been actively seeking evidence for his theories and ignoring anything that might challenge them.j