TAMADUN MELAYU:

MASYARAKAT DAN
BUDAYA:
kamaruzaman yusoff
kamaruz@pkrisc.cc.ukm.my

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 OBJEKTIF
• MEMAHAMI BUDAYA
MELAYU ISLAM
• MEMAHAMI NILAI-NILAI
MASYARAKAT
• MELIHAT SUMBANGAN
ISLAM
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 BEBERAPA ISTILAH

• Custom is a common practice among

people, especially depending on
country, culture, time and religion.
The difference between custom and
culture is subtle, yet customs
generally emphasizes practices while
cultures rather focus on ideas.

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• In sociology, norm is a technical term
describing the expected pattern of
behavior in a given situation, the
custom. In matters of the mind, one
who has common sense is following the
norm, is normal. In matters of behavior
one who follows the norms of society is
a regular guy or a right guy. One who
does not is considered eccentric.
Important norms are called mores.
Violations of mores are punished with
severe sanctions.
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• VALUES: Moral principles and
beliefs
• CULTURE:
–i- the total of inherited ideas,
beliefs, values, and knowledges
which constitute the shared bases
of social action.
•Ii-. the artistic and social pursuits,
expression, and tasted valued by a
society or class.

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 NILAI MASYARAKAT:
SENI

• seni pengucapan: prosa dan

puisi, kias ibarat, tauladan dan
sempadan, penggunaan
pangkat

• seni hias: hadiah dan hantaran,

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• seni bina: sesuai dengan
fungsi: masjid, rumah, balai,
madrasah, istana
• seni tulisan: khat
• seni persembahan: gubahan,
tarian, silat,

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 NILAI-NILAI LAIN
DALAM MASYARAKAT
• nasihat menasihati
• pembahagian tugas ikut gender
• kekeluargaan
– sayangkan keluarga: air dicincang
takkan putus
– sayang anak tangan-tangankan,
– pukul anak sindir menantu

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 etos: nilai-nilai yang
dikongsi bersama

–persaudara –tolong
an menolong
–kejiranan –sama rata
–muafakat –setia
–kerja sama –berbudi
–malu
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 contoh etos melayu

• bulat air kerana pembentung, bulat

manusia kerana muafakat
• berat sama dipikul, ringan sama
dijinjing
• duduk sama berdiri sama tinggi
• yg baik itu budi, yg indah itu bahasa
• malu bertanya sesat jalan
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 agama

• meminang, berkahwin
• bercukur, berkhatan,
• khatam al-Qur'an
• mula pendidikan agama
• bawa anak ke masjid

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 ritual dan perayaan
• dr bhs asing, rites de
passage
• ritual dlm hidup sejak
lahir hingga mati
1. ritual pemisahan
hamil dan lahir :
lenggang perut, cukur
2. ritual peralihan: sunat, 17
3. ritual penggabungan:
risik, lawat, sanding,
menghantar, bertandang,
4. mati: mengurus
jenazah, kubur, tahlil

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 ritual lain
•puja pantai
•mandi safar
•mulakan tuai
•ritual perbomohan

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 Perubatan tradisional
• Bomoh: ubat dgn mentera, jampi
serapah, perubatan tradisional
• Dukun: mahir guna ubat (tumbuhan,
haiwan dan logam)
• Pawang (hubung dgn alam ghaib) spt
pawang buaya,

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 perayaan lain
•hari raya
•nisfu sya'ban
•asyura
•maulud

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Unsur baru dalam masyarakat
Melayu
• Sekularisme
• Individualistik
• Materialisme
• Hedonisme

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 PENGUKUHAN TAMADUN
dalam keperibadian Melayu

• penguat kuasaan undang-

undang
• pengekalan ikatan
keluarga
• hubungan persaudaraan
• semangat kekitaan
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