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Awemsevw`Z KwgDwb÷ †bÎx Kg‡iW †nbv `vm 1924 mv‡ji 12 †deªyqvwi wm‡jU kn‡i Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| evev
ivq evnv`yi mZxk P›`ª `Ë Ges gv g‡bvigv `‡Ëi 7 mš—v‡bi g‡a¨ wZwb me©Kwbô| ˆkk‡eB wZwb cÖMwZkxj
wPš—v-†PZbvi m‡½ cwiwPZ nb| cÖMwZkxj cwi‡e‡k †e‡o IVv †nbv `vm ¯^‡`kx Mvb I iex›`ª m½xZ MvB‡Z
fvjevm‡Zb| †LjvayjvI wQj Zuvi Lye wcÖq| cvV¨eB ewnf©yZ bvbv eB‡qi cÖwZ eyw×`xß †nbv `v‡mi wQ‡jv we‡kl
AvMÖn| †m mgq wZwb wewfbœ Av‡jvPbv I weZ‡K© AskMÖnY Ki‡Zb|
30-Gi `kK wQj we‡¶vf, we‡`ªvn I Av‡›`vj‡bi m~PbvKvj| mviv‡`k ZLb weªwUkwe‡ivax Av‡›`vjb I
¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡gi Av¸‡b R¡j‡Q| †nbv `v‡mi evwoi Kv‡Q Aew¯’Z HwZnvwmK †Mvwe›` cvK© wQj g~jZ mfv-
mgv‡e‡ki †K›`ª¯’j| ZvB wZwb Lye KvQ †_‡KB †`‡L‡Qb wgwQj, mfv-mgv‡ek| cÖZ¨¶¨ K‡i‡Qb ¯^‡`kx‡`i
Ici ee©i cywjwk wbh©vZb| 1933-G wZwb hLb PZy_© †kªYxi QvÎx, ZLb Zuvi wcÖq †`ex`v (evixY `Ë)†K cywjk
†MÖßvi K‡i wbôzifv‡e wbh©vZb K‡i| Gme Zuvi wkïg‡bi Mfx‡i `vM †K‡UwQj| g‡bi ARv‡š—B ax‡i ax‡i
weªwUk we‡ivax N„Yvi fve cyÄxf~Z nw”Qj| evwo‡Z ZLb AvmZ weªwUk miKvi KZ…©K wbwl× †NvwlZ wewfbœ
cwÎKv| †nbv `vm †ek Drmv‡ni m‡½B co‡Zb Gme| ˆK‡kv‡iB wZwb ivRbxwZ‡Z mwµq n‡q I‡Vb| mßg
†kªYx‡Z covi mg‡qB mk¯¿ wec−ex Av‡›`vj‡b cÖfvweZ n‡q wZwb weªwUkwe‡ivax ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡g hy³ nb|
1938 mv‡j cÖMwZkxj QvÎ msMVb ÔwbwLj fviZ QvÎ †dWv‡ikbÕ-Gi m‡½ hy³ nb| Gmgq c„_Kfv‡e
QvÎx‡`i msMVb M‡o †Zvjvi Kv‡R AvZ¥wb‡qvM K‡ib| Zuvi cÖ‡Póvq cÖwZwôZ nq Ômyigvf¨vwj Mvj©m ÷z‡W›Um
G‡mvwm‡qkbÕ| 1948 mv‡j Ôc~e© cvwK¯—vb QvÎ †dWv‡ikbÕ M‡o †Zvjvi D‡`¨vM †bqv nq| wZwb Ôc~e© cvwK¯—vb
QvÎ †dWv‡ik‡bÕi †K›`ªxq KwgwUi hyM¥-m¤úv`K wbe©vwPZ nb| Gmgq wZwb wewfbœ mgvR‡mevg~jK Kg©Kv‡Êi
m‡½I wb‡R‡K hy³ K‡ib|
†nbv `vm 1940 mv‡j cÖ_g wefv‡M g¨vwUªK Ges 1942-G cÖ_g wefv‡M B›UviwgwW‡qU cvk K‡ib| ivR‰bwZK
Kg©Kv‡Ê mwµq _vKvi Kvi‡Y †ek KÕeQi cÖvwZôvwbK †jLvcovq †Q` c‡o| `xN©w`b ci 1947 mv‡j wZwb weG
cvk K‡ib| Õ59 mv‡j cÖ_g †kªYx‡Z cÖ_g n‡q weGW K‡ib| 1965 mv‡j cÖvB‡fU cix¶v_©x wn‡m‡e XvKv
wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K evsjvq wØZxq †kªYx‡Z cÖ_g n‡q GgG cÖ_g ce© Ges 1966 mv‡j wØZxq †kªYx‡Z PZz_© n‡q
mœvZ‡KvËi wWMÖx jvf K‡ib|
1942 mv‡ji †deªyqvwi gv‡m Kg‡iW †nbv `vm fvi‡Zi KwgDwb÷ cvwU©i m`m¨c` jvf K‡ib| ïiy K‡ib
cvwU©i mve©¶wYK Kg©xi Rxeb| 10 eQi wZwb AvZ¥‡Mvc‡b wQ‡jb| AvZ¥‡Mvc‡b _vKv Ae¯’vq Zuvi QÙbvg
wQ‡jv Av‡gbv, Elv, euvkix BZ¨vw`| ivR‰bwZK Kvi‡Y wewfbœ miKv‡ii Avg‡j †MÖdZvi eiY K‡ib Ges `xN©
mgq †R‡j KvUvb| †R‡j Zuvi Ici bvbv wbh©vZbI Pvjv‡bv nq|
wØZxq wek¦hy×Kv‡j mviv‡`‡k A_©‰bwZK msKU evo‡Z _v‡K, †`Lv †`q fqven gš^š—i (evsjv 1350)|
GKw`‡K d¨vwm÷ kw³i AvµgY cÖwZ‡iva Kivi cÖkœ, Ab¨w`‡K AvZ¥i¶vi cÖkœ| IB mgq A_©vr 1943 mv‡j
mviv evsjvq M‡o I‡V ÔwbwLj e½ gwnjv AvZ¥i¶v mwgwZÕ| †nbv `vm GB msMV‡bi wm‡jU I myigvf¨vwj kvLv
cÖwZôvi Kv‡R we‡kl f~wgKv cvjb K‡ib|
bvix Av‡›`vj‡bi cvkvcvwk †nbv `vm MYbvU¨ Av‡›`vj‡bi mv‡_I hy³ nb| ÔMYbvU¨ msNÕ-Gi †¯‹vqv‡W
m½xZwkíx wn‡m‡e Ask †bb| †m mgq KwgDwb÷‡`i †bZ…‡Z¡ Ges D‡`¨v‡M mviv fvi‡Z mvs¯‹…wZK Av‡›`vj‡bi
BwZnv‡m cÖMwZkxj GK bZzb avivi m„wó n‡qwQj| †h aviv fviZe‡l©i ¯^vaxbZv Av‡›`vj‡bi cÖej †Rvqvi‡K
bZzb i‡m mÄxweZ K‡iwQj|
1948 mv‡j AvZ¥‡Mvcb Ae¯’vq Kg‡iW †nbv `vm wm‡jU †Rjvi K…lK Av‡›`vj‡bi Ab¨Zg cÖwZôvZv Kg‡iW
†ivwnbx `v‡mi mv‡_ weevne܇b Ave× nb| cÖwZK~j ivR‰bwZK cwiw¯’wZi Kvi‡Y ei I K‡b‡K †Mvc‡b
KjKvZvq P‡j †h‡Z nq Ges N‡ivqvfv‡e †iwR‡÷ªk‡bi gva¨‡g Zuv‡`i we‡q m¤úbœ nq| we‡qi ci msmvi bv
K‡i `yÕRb‡KB AvZ¥‡Mvc‡b P‡j †h‡Z nq|

1
1948-49 mv‡ji HwZnvwmK ÔbvbKvi Av‡›`vj‡bÕ Kg‡iW †nbv `vm we‡kl f~wgKv cvjb K‡ib| bvbKvi
bvix‡`i m‡PZb K‡i †Zvjv I Av‡›`vj‡b msMwVZ Kivi `vwqZ¡ wb‡qwQ‡jb wZwb| kniZjx‡Z KwgDwb÷ cvwU©i
†Mvcb Ô†WbÕ ˆZwi n‡j, wZwb †mLv‡b P‡j hvb| GK ch©v‡q wZwb Pv evMv‡b wM‡q †mLvbKvi kªwgK ew¯—‡Z
Kzwji QÙ‡e‡k bvix‡`i msMwVZ Kivi Kv‡R Suvwc‡q c‡ob| bvix kªwgK‡`i †UªW BDwbqb M‡o †Zv‡jb|
1950 mv‡j GB bvix kªwgK‡`i GKR‡bi mnvqZvq †MÖdZvi Gov‡Z m¶g nb wZwb|
Õ47-Gi ci `gb-cxo‡b Ôgwnjv AvZ¥i¶v mwgwZÕmn cÖMwZkxj A‡bK msMVb †f‡½ c‡o| Gmgq cÖMwZkxj
gymwjg bvix‡`i mv‡_ ZLb wZwb †hvMv‡hvM e„w× K‡ib| A‡bK KwgDwb÷ Kg©xi g‡ZvB fvlv Av‡›`vj‡b cÖKvk¨
f~wgKv ivLvi my‡hvM Zuvi wQ‡jv bv| eva¨ n‡q †bc‡_¨ †_‡KB f~wgKv cvjb K‡ib| AvZ¥‡Mvc‡b †_‡KI
nv‡Riv gvngy‡`i gva¨‡g wZwb ivRc‡_ Av‡›`vjbiZ Kg©x‡`i mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM i¶v K‡ib Ges wewfbœfv‡e
mn‡hvwMZv K‡ib|
e‡ov †g‡qi R‡b¥i ci †nbv `v‡mi c‡¶¨ AvZ¥‡Mvc‡b _vKv KwVb n‡q c‡o| cvwU©i Avw_©K Ae¯’vI ZLb †ek
Lvivc| 1958 mv‡j †nbv `vm 4 eQ‡ii Kb¨vmn XvKvq Avm‡Z eva¨ nb Ges wk¶KZv w`‡q cÖKvk¨ Rxeb ï¶z
K‡ib| †hvM †`b XvKvi gwbRv ingvb D”P evwjKv we`¨vj‡q| Gici wKQzw`b bvivqYM‡Ä gM©¨vb ¯‹zj I XvKvq
c~e©eZ©x ¯‹z‡j wk¶KZv K‡ib| 1961 mv‡j wZwb bvivqYMÄ Mvj©m ¯‹z‡j cÖavb wkw¶Kvi c‡` †hvM †`b| 1989
mv‡j GB ¯‹zj †_‡KB wZwb Aemi MÖnY K‡ib| Rb¥¯’vb wm‡j‡Ui ci bvivqYM‡Äi mv‡_ wQ‡jv Zuvi Awe‡”Q`¨
eÜb|
†nbv `vm hLb wZwb wk¶KZv ïi“ K‡ib, ZLb †emiKvwi gva¨wgK wk¶K‡`i ag©NU PjwQj| IB ag©N‡U
AskMÖnY Kivi ga¨ w`‡q wZwb wk¶K Av‡›`vjb msMwVZ Kivi Kv‡R AvZ¥wb‡qvM K‡ib| cieZ©x‡Z eû
Av‡›`vj‡b †bZ…Z¡ †`b| 1978 †_‡K Uvbv 14 eQi wk¶K mwgwZi mvaviY m¤úv`‡Ki `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib I
cieZ©x‡Z mn-mfv‡bÎx wbe©vwPZ nb| wZwb W. Kz`iZ-B-Ly`vi †bZ…‡Z¡ MwVZ evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g wk¶v Kwgk‡bi
Ab¨Zg m`m¨ wQ‡jb| 1997 mv‡j MwVZ kvgmyj nK wk¶v Kwgk‡bi m`m¨ nb| wKš‘ Av`wk©K Kvi‡Y GB
Kwgkb †_‡K wZwb c`Z¨vM K‡ib|
69-Gi MYAfz¨Ìv‡bi mgq wZwb gwnjv msMÖvg cwil` cÖwZôvq we‡kl f~wgKv cvjb K‡ib| 71-Gi gyw³hy‡×i
mgq KjKvZvq mKj ¯—‡ii DØv¯‘ wk¶K‡`i wb‡q ÔDØv¯‘ wk¶K mwgwZÕ M‡o †Zv‡jb| †nbv `vm DØv¯‘
wkwe‡ii wk¶K I Ab¨ bvix‡`i Rb¨ ÎvY, Avkªq, wPwKrmvmn wewfbœ †mevq wb‡qvwRZ wQ‡jb| GQvov G
mwgwZi gva¨‡g wZwb DØv¯‘ wkwe‡i 50wU ¯‹zj ¯’vcb K‡i wkï-wK‡kvi‡`i wk¶vi e¨e¯’v K‡ib| Gmgq wZwb
KjKvZvq gwnjv cwil‡`i wiwjd Av‡›`vjb I bvix‡`i msMwVZ Kivi Kv‡R e¨¯— wQ‡jb| G‡`‡ki
ˆ¯^ivPviwe‡ivax Av‡›`vjb, mv¤úÖ`vwqKZvwe‡ivax Av‡›`vjbmn mKj MYZvwš¿K Av‡›`vj‡b ¸iyZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb
K‡ib|
1970 mv‡j Ôgwnjv cwil`Õ cÖwZwôZ n‡j wZwb bvivqYMÄ kvLvi cÖ_g mfv‡bÎx wbe©vwPZ nb| ¯^vaxbZvi ci
cÖ_g RvZxq m‡¤§j‡b †K›`ªxq KwgwUi mn-mfv‡bÎx wbe©vwPZ nb| Kwe mywdqv Kvgv‡ji cÖqv‡Yi ci wZwb
2000 mv‡ji 22 Rvbyqvwi gwnjv cwil‡`i mfv‡bÎx wbe©vwPZ nb|
`xN©w`b †iv‡M fz‡M ¯^vgx Kg‡iW †ivwnbx `vm 1987 mv‡j g„Zz¨eiY K‡ib| e¨w³MZ Rxe‡b Kg‡iW †nbv `vm
`yB Kb¨v mš—v‡bi Rbbx| KwgDwb÷ cvwU©i mv‡eK mvaviY m¤úv`K Kg‡iW Ave`ym mvjvg (evixY `Ë) wQ‡jb
Zuvi AMÖR|
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wbqwgZ †jLv‡jwL Ki‡Zb| Zuvi iwPZ D‡j−L‡hvM¨ MÖš’ n‡”Q : Pvi cyiy‡li Kvwnbx, ¯§„wZgq w`b¸‡jv, ¯§„wZgq
Õ71, D¾¡j ¯§„wZ, Avgvi wk¶v I wk¶KZv Rxeb, bvix Av‡›`vjb I KwgDwb÷ cvwU©i f~wgKv, wbe©vwPZ cÖeÜ
BZ¨vw`| GQvov cÎ-cwÎKvq wZwb A‡bK cÖeÜ wj‡L‡Qb| wk¶K mwgwZi gyLcÎ ÔMYwk¶vÕi wZwb m¤úv`‡Ki
`vwqZ¡I cvjb K‡i‡Qb|

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Kg‡iW †nbv `vm Avg„Zz¨ evsjv‡`‡ki KwgDwb÷ cvwU© (wmwcwe)Õi m`m¨ wn‡m‡e mgvRZš¿-mvg¨ev‡`i
i³cZvKv enb K‡i‡Qb| cvwU©i K‡›Uªvj Kwgk‡bi m`m¨, †cÖwmwWqvg m`m¨, †K›`ªxq KwgwUi m`m¨mn wewfbœ
¸i“Z¡c~Y© c‡` wZwb AwawôZ wQ‡jb| we‡jvcev`x‡`i Pµvš— †_‡K cvwU©‡K i¶vi jovB‡q wZwb ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f~wgKv
cvjb K‡ib| Amy¯’Zvi g‡a¨I cvwU©i bvbv Kg©m~wP‡Z Qz‡U G‡m‡Qb| g„Zz¨Kv‡j wZwb wmwcweÕi †K›`ªxq KwgwUi
m`m¨ wQ‡jb| `xN©w`b Amy¯’ _vKvi ci 85 eQi eq‡m mevB‡K Kuvw`‡q 2009 mv‡ji 20 RyjvB Awemsevw`Z
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