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HA If UlfIlEHC.K.OTO BOCTAHHE

Ha 23 OKTO;\lBPU L~93 .ru.!lBH,~l H ~,: Ka~a aa ~U}]yHc~uOT K.n~)Kap I,IsaH Xaun .. .l~KO OB. ce cpe'raane: Ilaue Fpves, X PUCTO Ta'rap-sea I1saH Xauu HnK nOB, Tle-rap Tlon _ r. , pcos, AH)lOH llIlJ\UITPOB u Xpncro Ba'ramnrea, n ce ~oroRop lJH! HOBa~ Tn peeonyuaonepna opra H.II3RUUj a a 6]])];, _ . ajaa, Jl3 ce Bl1K8 BHaTpeWn8.~ BO aea a l]neHYB-aaT ,nuQ2L IDTO ce ponesru 'II UlTO ,}KUBe,9.T BO Maxenoaaja, loe3 paanaxa 'H3 HHBHtlTa sepcxa ~ HalJ,HOHanH3 npanamtoer, 80 CBOj a Ttl nomrrn-rsa n pe 801l1YUJ1:0Hepna nporpajsa Taa ja 'HlVHlIla 6op6aTa. Hat ~'Ia xenoncsuo '

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H~tPOR sa Her-OBO Ha:qHO'Ha.nuo, C'OU~IJa.JlHO, KynTypHo n n.YXOBHO

oc.rr060nYBaae BO CBOHTe "P"PO]tHU, reorpadicxa H. eTHHIlIKl~ rpaHHQII. ,la1cpr)' noroa, aanoxaano umpesse Ha Ka",~, . .Tn~ITe H3, OpraHI'I3aqujaTa, HAl uena M,a.Ke;E{OHuja. co WTO p;B,)Ke'fM~TO ce

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nosexe ce MaCOBHHpano" a noaexe tlecTa craaane o;eUTp'H HS

pesonynaonepna npona ranua,

Bo 1.8,196 :rO~HHa 60n CBHKaH xoarpec H3 IOprnHUJall-Hj,8T3 :BO 'COJly'H~ ,H!a .KiOJ npacycrsyaane '~51 . enerara, Kora. Ie aanpaaena 3HanH33, 83 }J;ororamHaTa paOOTa U3 Opranaaauajara co BeKe npeQ113HO onpenenena porpasacxa npHHUlIDf.L OprUSH3anaja'ra Ice uapexna: Tajaa MaKeAOH"CKO~OlnpRHCKa peaonyunoaeprra opranaaauaja (TMOPOI)~ I Ia KOHTpeCOT" ' o~e Ilensea " ,[laMe pyea rOHJle 3a1l01llKeHH na 113rOTBaT up, eKTI1l sa Ycraeor n: npaBlfflHHK01\ 3,a noorrcrojao ~ejcTB.yBafbe KOH-

,. • !l

rpecor ja rronenan re pHTOplIJaTa ua 3Ke]lOHlIJ"H.a mecr peso-

ny~floHepHI41 OK'plyJU: ClonYHCKU:, .·UTO CKU, CKonICKt~ C· pyMUl:IKH,. CepCKH 11 OJ]; pa HCKU . 313 cep;ulliTe aa u· HTpanHnO!1 KOMHTeT I( .. K..) Oltl, onpeneu Cony".

Co pacTe:)I(OIT ua Opraaaaauujara pacrene u norpetiare 0 _ qU!HaHCtIICKH cpencrea sa xy _ YBalbJe HCl 0pYJKje., Flapnre ' __ TO ce cofiaparre o:u; penosaare ~lJJ_ HICKfl anoroan, Jlo6po .Ion"" npIiJI03U OJ]; HeKOJil OJ];, nOIiI~10TH'HTe nyre 11 0,0; cUlvlnaTI13epIITe Dune neJJ,ODOltHH. 3aToa,~ a co U. .n p;a ce 3rOlIe~MaT _'utTe'Pui~ .J1= mrre cpencraa sa BOOPY.>KyBrlfbe ua BOCTaHHl]Kf.!Te KOMUTU II

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OKO'll'HCKB peaonyuaonepea peon ' 3, H~{a CBOJa LI,e,Ta, ,8 nononaa

6Bna lPOpMtl:p.aH~a H cenCK31 nOnHl{Hja., 't.leTHTe lIlMan'e H' cyncxa BJ):a CT' xoja m penrasana cnopoaare ua M,eCHO'TO cenc "0 naceneHHe OA 'pa3JIU'Q,eH B:HlI·

Co C03J!l3BalLeTO na Maxenoaeaara peaonynosepna opraH:H3a~Hja ce nojasane K npsare xexrorparpapaau BeCH'H~H"

'K"'liKO" Ha o"py'UT'iet" B-' ocranax" 0': "'cn>o6o"" ' "''\.V'l1'e''U''ItJl1'elo,1; C' ':B060' irI'i!'JI,

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,HlIH CM"h'PT~"\ mT'O rill ,U3naaan:e ol.UJ;enHH :peBOJlY:QHO;H,ep,H.H OKp!Y3H" ,,~O' neCHHU;;r1 ce ne rarene H H~aJIBOlp IO~ MaKeJl\O'Huja 'U'3 'U'Q" 1:!YH'ro-' BHU'v tI:,il, n ~IIO ,~ n: "~Op'fll' u '11':1' liTIoa BO "\V'" eaesa If''O

A ,i\.!. .. ,,,u', ,~ ': ,; B. "'I~I",,':, " 'Ii , ~,': M IU.I,,' I ' ..II.'\..~ !.;..c__',_" ",,' ,

u;eJl open CBeTCK8Ta jannocr IIta ra pa300nUQysaaT 38BOjYB31JKHTe CTpeM:eXH aa ,6yrapcK3Ta ,6ypr}K!Oa3.Hjal cnpesra ,M,aKe'~OU-Hja" a :l1ICTO TaKa e I~a ja ~HCKpe~THpaa,T ynorara na BpXQ'B,:HHOT ,KOMIIT,eT KaKO eKcnOH,e'HT H3, 6yrapcKH'DT ltBOipm aD; ;c;p'yra CTpOH'a, ~,eJilTa 8M OH'na, ~a, ce HHljJopMll'pa, CBeT'CKO"fO, jasao MHC-, nelbe 33 ~'aCTaHUTe BO Ma.K'CAoHuja, BOQ,nmTO" H sa 6op6aT3. H3 MaKe OHCKH'OT U2 -'0;ll sa uerOBO'TO 'OC'Jlo60 ysaue lOll; OTOM3' ,~ CKa,Ti8, HMnep:nja~ sa ., a,Q.H.OH.atn:HO casroonpenenyaarse K3.KO

nen on uaceneaaero. ce npeaessane I{lKQHVI, 3a rpa6nYBalbe aa o,raTH 6.erOB.lti KRKO lU _ 0 61lne O'H He IO;Q 'TP'YMHlIlH H BIU ' ua. ,raKBD ,i3II~no £1 rpa6'"yBaH~eTO aa a-1epI'IKa.HCJKaT3 M scaoaepxa ,~HC neaa CTO~~ on c paua HCl, ~,~:eTaTa na BojBo~a"'fa Jane Canna - CRllr llapeI.I,eH, . HPI.J:HCKH, ,u;ap'~' 'e npaBene "a:nopH H 3a con:CTBeRO npot 3BOJJ;CTBO aa 6o.r,z\i,6u, KYPWyl\ll'H iiI H8 npyr Bll}l MyHlHupja. TaK[U1 pa,60TH'lIHJlUI1-00M6onea,p'RHQ;I'1 H- rano so ceaara: geARllo,,- Cafinep, CMp.qe}K Ii 150 ~,py:rH' '~fl:c-Ta.,

Co YCT.t),BOT aa Opranasauajara 68'.110 PODHllla:HO cexoj

•

caMOCTOJ ra M8 eJl;OHCK3 JlP},KaB~t,

TypCKaTIH erracr H.BcrolYS8Ji1a aa oluno KO~ H',PIUH '_,3 l~o1)]~e IllJO nrro noroneaa CO'3.Hau,uja 3aJ. peBonYllJllQH1ep'H(ll, a a"KTR.B.H:OC,T aa OpraHH3aQ;H~aTa, l'I '33 HHBHHTe BOAa:~IH~,BojRO:IlH~ T,8K8" BO e,A;R3 np'Hnna, DO Pa~,'OBHmKO THe OTKpUJJ6 noroness 6poj aa nymsa H MyH,H~Hja,. xaso II 6tJiUOE npenecyaana o~ Illran 33 BSTona" Hajreseos mapl aa Opraaasauajara it ,6en' ~1A(;,neH COl npoaanara DO BI:f.H:}U.UI,,~ nosnara BOr 1!'ltT10p orpa,Iq,I'H']a'rn K3KOI ,,,,:8':0' H'qK,a ,ac)le ,au sora Dune orxpaenn SO nymxn, 20 tloM6n:,

10

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MBlKeJ{OBHj!a no Hej3H1UlT,e eTHHlclKO-fleorpfupCKH, rp'a'HH:QH HeKODKY IC3UAaQR co My HH.l(Hja " a. xoja acpel)8 Nety J(p,yrCtTo 'H OTKpHlIH H3 cseTCK3,T3 jl30HOCT ;Qe, ",3. ,80 MaKe,;qoHHja, e npacyrHO enao mapoxo P'831,o,'p'aHeTO 'peBonY:QHOHe'pRO ~BH)Kelhe~ Flposamrre Ice npomapane U: 80 mTIi-[UCKO,~ KpaTOBCKO,~ Tlana-

e qJ{OI :B: 001 Manemeacxara o K\onKja , a :BO 1900-190 I f"O~HHa t npoaana ce cnylcll!J1f! H DO lliUTona, Kale. DUD sarsopea p:,aMle Fpyes, a n:CTO rasa :0 150 COllYH.

YWTel 90 CBoeTO co':maBalbe" TMOPO ce cy;qp'Hna 'co noaaTI1IKa1'a us cocenaare 6anK3HCKH JlIP>K,aBH" Hajretnza H Ha,jKOM~ nnanapana 6,II1]a 6Yf'apCK3,T,a ;DI'P,)ICflHHa nOJ1RT.II:K,a.~ H roa npezy Brsapxajara II, BOopYJI{eHHTe tleTHn~IKY ql0pMaqHH: HcnpaK3HMl '130 ,M,c}Ke,JJ;O'HHja, o~ HMeTO na BPXOBHHOT KQMHT,eT, H,a rae qeno croen Bopac Caparpos. :Er3apXHCKHTe K,pyrOBJiI .BO, GonYH KaKO peasnaja aa peaonynaoaepacro )1ejcTBYB3,ae 'H3 OpraaasaQHj.aT3 cesnane cace Blil.)I(efhe napexeao , Peaonyneoaepao o'p '. TeTRO' '~ H8 I] erto COl l1S3H I apB8,HOB. AK,TUBHOCT3 H3 spxoBHCTHqx:,3T3 nponaraana H IJeTHa~IKHTe q:e"fH HB OpraHU33 H-

1 i.

ja a tJ H2IlH .CYUClne TeU1KH y;U~lPli' ", HaKO npeu ce f'oue Ile 11 't-Iea ,

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I'op-re ' . eTp08 HHCTI1y '~I,JI An rM a~fopTH3'H-'anT 'BOeHH,T,_ [e po-

THBCT,8BY'Billb3, HO CYJlHpHTe: cerrax npononacane rta t1ypu CTa,~

..

nysane 11 ce nO'IeCTH.

Tlo caoja l'I HL{,uja THea Hsan Fa paaaos C - '}IKaJl KOHr :' C aa O'pr,3HlI3aD;HjaTrB BO' ICon';H (?--4 janyapa ''9013)., aa KOj spuren npHT--'COK Bp3 j:\CHer,a ,HTe (17) a no, ecar peurena 3c xpesaue HI,a soopysceno BOC aaae co }~!a80n;Ha nO)_1roTseHOCT' ua EYf",CI,pHja 38J nO'MO[W~ Ilenerarare onn,e rIO~eneJJIII no npennoro'r na Fapsanos .sa" If "npOTHOu, H,O cenax na KOHrpeCOT e ;qoHece =0 pemenae sa 'KpeB8J-Le :"3, BoopY>KeHO' BOCT,aHHe7 'R roa BO D'pO-

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nerra 19'03 ro;qHH,a~ one Aen1.leB, I'opse Ilerpos (He. IDIIne

. p, cyo - Ha KOHrpecOT) K3KO H Jane CaHlla'HcKU, oune npOT' I BaKBOTO penn HHe 0):1 npiH1:.I'HHH :m:TO Hap0JJ;:'OT He Gnu ;EtOBO]!],HO 0, roreeu, BOopyJKyBal-Le~o 6uno ,cna60" a H8J,1{B(lpemHaTa COC,.r.

TOjGa HenOBOn'H3"

Bo nO'le110KOT na nponerra I903 I"O,IJ;HH3 ce Icny1.]"ysaaT pe,~,nQa a,TeHT3TH, DO COJ1YH" neno aa rpyna MaK,e~,OHCKH HHTe ... neK,rya,JlQH, 3a~oeHH 'co 2H3,PXH'C,THQK. 'H;qe:u, n03HU If RaKQ[ n leMHl.IlIH",i;~ TH,e, 6,··,ne: M'D' au Bonraaxoa, ..... piJ];atH Opnanoa,

AIIM:HTap Me-rea Ilaane IlIaTeB" KO'HCTaHTHH K.H,PKO:B, M' Jl3,H

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Apcos II Fopra Eor~aHOB~ CaMO 33 H'eKon:K,Y ,1l6a8 6HJ]'3, pasyp-

nara srpaaara aa OTOM,aaC:KaT,a 16aH'Ka.~ , 0U1T,8,T,a, nnasapa: a" repM:aHCKHOT Kny16, a ~paHU.y[CKHOT IGpO)];: 'nrBa~aJlKB.B"'P'~" 6,un Q,enOCHO' asropea '80 ,Con.y,HcKoTOI np . CT8HlIWTe. So roa spesre Tone )lenqeB Gun n'pHHy~eH ,A3 :laM" Hie, IO'~ Con,YH. Kora n:p'l1ICTH'ru3J1 80 cenoro 'BaHHQ3 6HJ1 npeAa~eH 3ae,nH'O co caojaT,a q,eTa,. a noroa 6'BJIe OnKOneUH OI1Jl TypcKHT,e BOjHHI~H sora Foue saranan (4, ,uaj J903)~

IQ'A 2 PIC' 7 Maj I 902 rOUHH'ii ce onpsean KOHrpe'c ua E,HTOJlCK,HOT pesonynasepen ospyr BO' c. CMHJle ·0[" BHT'OJl'CKiO" non npeTcep:aTeJ1CTBo[ 'H3 AaMe I'pyes .. Be1lH3111 '0' xoarpecor DO eliTe peBOJlyltHOHeP'HH O,KO'J1H'H 6Hn:e O']l;P}K3H.H coopar aja H,a 'K,OIl' 6'HH,e ,a.3pa60T. 'HH Do~rOTO'BKH 3a xpeaane ua BOCT,aH'H'e '0, ocoDeHO H3 aoea nnarr. Ha 26 jynlfl 190.3 rO~HH,aJ fnaBHH'OT w a6BO COCT8, ':: )l.la,M'erpyeH~ AT,a, ac JIO'3aH~le:B 'It' BopBC Capadioa

AOHen peiueaae sa 06ja.BYB.aJLe fI:a BOCTa,HneTO~ ~f TOU Jl,a 6IiQe. tra 2 aarycr, Ha npasa ~KOrT Hnl~ml~JJ;.eH., Bo nCli G,peM,e /.to roneMUTe CMllH, OHJ1a ynareaa Ileanapauaja aa no" 'e1"OK ua BOCT,a'HU_~ eTO.

Florecsa-ra EHTOnCKa OKOJlHja 6Hna noneneaa na TP"

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BOCT,3HHf[_IKH peOHH,: r,aB3,TO~ ,yeP H BHTOJ[CKO Tlene. Co

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_ _cnUCTepCKHOT nlO~lpeOH KO '_ aH)lyB~ 11; Topf I Cyrapes . ., a Tyl<,a

nejcrayaane I'axou EBCT,aTHen u ~,OJBO,Jlt3,Ta JO'PA3H Tlnnepxara. fla1IalIHHK aa EY£ilcK'tIOT peon Gun :HaYM Bycp,'t{(eTO. A,KQ;MjaT3 H3 DOCT3HUlJKH.· e l1IeTH aanoxaana co ypasaree R3 TenetjJoH'''' CKl'lT:_ CTO.JIOOBH, na J:~Ib,e n3 6erOBCKHTe K.yn" H H:MOTlI, nanarasse H3 TYPCK Te lra:p:HB30HH FI JJ;'p'yl"lI o6jeKTJiJ.

Co flepUH:Cl(}lOI1' peaonyuaonepea peon paxosonene BOjSCll.HTe: lfopru, non XPHCT10B, Anexco T'YPYU---OB, M_JX3FJJ1I Ll.eK:OB,~ naHnnn IUHWKOB, B Rp. Bo aananor sa ocJlo60;a;yooJhe H3 rpa, 1J_TO' Hesecxa co l:f:eTIIT·e p.aKoBo.Q,en BaCMJl qaK.anl~!poB ..

rOpC~OTO Hallie 'CTBO 80, !GOCTYPCKOI 0 C,o'qHHlyoa,ne,: BaCHJl:

LIaK8.na"poB" Jlasap Hon Tpajsos, IIaH1I10 Krsaurea U' pp., H.aj>KeCTOKIt 6op6u ce aonene 33. ocnooo:n:YBalbe ua rpa.'T'q,ICro Knacypa, DO KOH yqe·CTBy:oan:e -'=eTlITe 'Ra BO~BO~Te: HB3H Ilonos MHTpe BnaOT,,, Hasona MOK,peH'CKH ATaH8C K'pm',aKOB, H ,IT313JU! XP'HC'fOB"

OxpMACKa"f8 peaonyuaonepaa OKOJ1,nja Gena noneorena 'U,a ner peOHII: !lPUMKOJI" 00 BojBol~RTe HY,Ka pyrrses It Mapxo ll!8.BJlC:B; Manecnia, co Tace XpHCTOB,. Jlle6ap'11l3. (foPH3 " AOJllHa) co Ileja : ABMHTPOB; Kapnara co' 'CMHne Boj)laHlomr; Opraxon co Aprap Ma,pHHOB If' E,3epcKHO' peoa leo Haxona MU,TpeBI. 'HnBeH npernocraaea 6e'n oojaoAaT,a. XPHCTO Y3.YH,o.B u AU,}lOH K UKapOB, a BOopY)KeHHl'Ie 1~~j'CT =j'a ce BOJ(e, e DO eenara JI'OKOB, BCSqaHH, Y:MrBIDT3 H M3- . rr asje.

KH1.1enCK8! '8, IBOCT3HH'''IKa, oxonaja 6MJI,a nO~,en:eHa aa nexonKy peO:UH,':, Kon,8l[IK3" Pa6eTlIHKo,n, Knqeuuja, a, H Ifopenje, Co

,ODI"OTOBK,H,T,e ua BOCT3HoeTO paxosonene BOjBO~ "I' e: JlY'K3 I'ep., B,~ Haxe JaHeB H Apco MH~KOBI a R),i nOM3'ran,_ nrYMeHOT 'COQ>IXlHHji H nonor Crojaa Ilerpoa 0]1 'M3H3CTlip()T ",CB Ilpe"IHICTa'~ , KOj 6HJ.l rroerojaao aaeonaanrre aa BOCTaH}I.1oIKH-Te qeTH H MaKeQOHC:KHl'e 'KOMHTMl.

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80.inOLt8 Aft ll,e~[np'XlmCapCKIIOT pe8ony[ijHOHepeH peon 61'IJt neresnapuaor Hoj:BO,,Q,a .J O'pn·a.H n nneptcara. Ll.n,e .. HoB·H ~ ~3 peoneROTO' H2I.tu:;.nCTB{)i 6'Hne yurre H nonor KY3)r1:aH o'):t c. 6a6liHO iii y"~ll!treJlOT .X:PHCTO Jlacxoa OA C . ., Flarene, Jlepanexo. I-Io'KT,a. ua .2 a B rycr ~ 9 03 ro'AI~,Ha sa n.o"(1 MItTIe 'BOCT8 HHl.i'J;:.H a Ie ~~I f.~ m

ill T- 0:16' '," '0" "T- H ":1, Fl p ,irA 'I'lII enc K If'Ii ra 0' "WO'" n"U ~ ;=;, 'PO" co 'll1I'JI U \1 B ~ n e

. . u _ ' . (:l!!. ,.!f.!l,.r II II;.,. ,!I;..o," ,!;~", ~.,,' , l'.IJ,l! (;L II. ',' L-,,' ~JI" ,;;r'''' - - '

Boj13o'1trHTe: Iferap AQeB" Tlepe " etnen, 'r'Op'~I,e Flerpoa. JiJPJJ:8H' Tpe,HKOH :0: Hasona Ilerpoa PYCHH1CK.H i Flpmrre a.KQHU: 33:n01:fHaneH',8! 4 ,aBryc.T m 901,3 f'O~.H:H3 co ce=retse H,B Teneq,ou:C'KM KJa6J1I,H" YP:H:OOEbC aa :MIQCTOBH' '0 na npy:rH K:OM.YH'HI(,aU)1tf.,.

Bo CO',J1YHeK,HOrf' pesonynsonepea IOKP"Y.r 'BOC.T8HHQI(HTe 60'p61:1 Ice, nonerre B'O 'peOH~IJTe: BO'A,~~!rHc'K.O,. THKB,ernKo,~ reBre,J1H'cKO" 1~lojp,aHcKo", JIa,["aIp;H.n:CK!Ol' ,K'y:KYWKO~ ,EHuoe.S3,pn3pC.KO If COllYll'CK10~ ICO 1l{,eTHTe so I'esrenacso paxosonene :B~jBOAI1Te Caaa Maxajnoa H Aprap Maaacnea 130 'EHH'l)e-nap';o;ap'CK:O Anocron n,eTK10B= Tepanea, eo K,YK.YDIK.o,,l KpCTO Aca'HOB~, :[8,0, T.H.K aenraero " J]~O'6:PH. ,[t:iU:,KsnOB, H Ilemo C'aMaptn~eB~ BOOPY)KII!UHT,e 3KQHH aanonaane 'BO' c. II 0 cron na 29 j Y n H ]. 90,3 ro,ll;t~~[Ha ,! a. aananare 'n'poJJ:,o,J):I{HJI,e co n HOO:p3HJHTe :H3 )KelIe38'H~IK,a,Ta npyra ICon:YH' - Cxonje II: Con'yu' ~ Bli"lr0J111, :M:OC'JIOBHTe" 'TypC.KHTe :Kaca,pH'Y H: M'araIJ~'HHJHTe 38. 0pYJlq:e ..

CKo:nC'I(.H'OT oxpyr ro C()1.IHH,ynane peoanre: ,KpM.BO'nananexsn, K:PI3TO.BCK.o, K'O~Jla:HCK(', mTHn:CKO, Benemxo, KYM8H'OBCKO 0: ,CKo,nCKo .. H.3, 1. asrycr .1.903 :r10 1J;:HH a , BOCT31JlW.QK3,TaQeT3 .H3 Haxona Tlynncapoa H38pwHna, Anroep~Hja l18. }Ke»e3HHqK3Ta npyra xaj eeno Hoaaneaa K.,p&oaJKu' ja DO D03,nyx TypCKaT3. Boe.H3 KO'Mno,3:u:Q;Hja.~ 80 'BOCTaH"~m,H.T,e aK'[~rH:.H: a.KTHB,'" '}I.O ce 'SKJlY"lIHn:e Ii 'qeTU-,.e na :oojBO~H'le:: Bore C'TOj ~IelJ,~ ,):{'ffHC, Ma p'TlIHOB " Ilenxo KOQee" Mmne Pa3BHrOpO.B, .E'tlJpe'M 'LlyQKOB, Aranac :Sa6aT,a", K'PCTO Jlasapoa, Haxona Flymxapos. COUlOiR KOqaHCKU :H Jl;;P"

,BOeTa'H H~,IK'HTe ne] craaja .1~OI 'Ce.pCK HOT' peson yLtHO'HepeH oxpyr ,ce 0A:Rl~]J.an·e '80 peOIJIHTe,: ropHouyuajcKo, Heaposoncxo, EPOHCKO, Dpemeacxo, K,n~a,JlCK.O, MeJ1HU'tIKO,;, Pa3J1.0Im'KO~ neUH:pXHcapCKO 11 Cepcxo, LJeTHTe Hal. Jaae Ca'HA~UiCK'H,~ AaCKaT3. Ce'pC'KH" AT3Hac Teurosanajara 11 MBa" Tpnero

14

nejcreysane na TlepCHMTe H3 ,PU3J110WI(O ~ H e8,pOKOnCKO,~ MenHHQKO u Fopnouyuajcso. ,80 Cepcao-napaucxuor oxpyr 6UJl e era QHOHFlpa H II IOKOJ1'Y 20 ~ 000 T~{PCK~J BO.1HH~I:Il.

CrPYMM~U(HOT peBony~HoHe'p·e" IOK:py:r rM On~aKaJ1' cnenaare peoan: n1f;Tp:RlIKO, Pa,;rI,IOBHrnKO~ Manemescxo H 1CT'PY'_ :MH:LIKO, DO Kon nejc.TSYU3,nc 'QeTlllTf: H3 BOjJBOAElT'a, AQe HDa."'OB~ HO. KO'IOI X:aUHM;aHOU" H3 A,THHac: Ilenxea, U8. Aranac 'H:DBHl(,mK~1

E~ 1.:1

" aa n. ~'peM "', ')r~lKOB~

Ha 3 anrycr ~903 rO[~H"a npornacena e KP'YIMEBICKATA PE,nY'BJ1MKA." 00 npeTCT-3B,HHttH o~ ICHTe tnlpOll:H:'OCTH o~ Kpymeso :H :n:OW"M:POKO., 3,;J npercena-ren Gun H36paH HHKO\lUl Kapea :n :npH:speueHa Bnana :KIKO 33,KO,'HO.Q;3,BeH H u:3'BpmeHI opran .. Bnana'ra 6Hna nonerreaa RaJ. nrecr ceKTO'pu:: cyn[CTBO~ co

....

Koe. paKOIBOn;'en: Baaren ~:H:Hy, co 'pe'K'BH3,H~uja", rO:ptH 'q,a.qe" 00

¢lliIH:aHCHH, Teoxap H,e:WKOB:- co :BH3TpeWHH pal50TH X:pnCTO typl1Llu:eB~ co n:pexpa,ua AHMUT3P CeKyn:OB II: co IC3HH'1'IE-T", ,H'H:K~OJl3, Barsy, n,pUB'pe,Mesa:r8 &fI'a;q;a. na Q1en:OTO H,B1ceneHlU::: MY' ce ,o6pa'T,Hn3 co M3lH'ucpeCT ,nI03,HaT DO acropajara KaKO ,,KPYllE,BCKM MAH,H~ECT~j, BO I(oj DUlle ,;m;,oj;rJl;e.HH n;]o' :U09l":

H3pa"l ~[p>Ka8OTBOpl,HH,Tle rnennsrra na Ma.Ke;qoH:CKNTe conajan nCT": aa :K():HCTlI~TYH1:pa)he :HS :M~aK,eJl'OHCKaT,a ,~p}.l{a,Ba.

OCll:060p;yB'lu,e~o aa Kpymeao, Knacypa, HeneCK3 It 1!l:IPYCU: nO'MallU' 'MaKe~O:HC,K:H :Ha'OeneHMJ :Me[~'1"a npep;H3BHK3n:O roneM peBOJ111r :Kaj TypcK:U:Te anacra, 3,a.TOa, 'Tl1e nporr,HS H,e"Ko,nKY :unja ... RB Ma,:Ke~OHCKH Boo;PY}1(edH BOCT,3,HHI{H HCnpaTHne, 300~ 000 TYPCKH 'BQjHHltH~ B'D o~6paMa na Kpymeao ce npocnasan ne,fie:HJft3pIHHOT Bo:j'Bo~a nHTY 'fyne" ROj aaranan 3a!eaH,O co 'CBOHT,e

""

:KOMHTH H8 'Me1.fKHH Kaxea, KaK)O II OOjBOJJ;3,Ta. I'opra Crojanoa

~SpaHejKH ja IOTcT8nHHqa.T,a. na BOcT3HnUHTe" Kpymeao 611J]0 33~eM.leHo" ODlba,"IKRHO 'n aaropeao. Flo HleKollK,yMece'~rKH K:p:sa,:SlIl 6crp6m TypCKa.T8 sojcxa ycneana DO KpB ,ft oraa J,la 1""01 3ap,ymH, HnHHJJ;e:ucKOTO :OOCT3,HH:e sa na noroa ronesr 6poj MaKe~O'fJl~H ja. H;anYlUT3.T M_3.KeRoHUja ,II AB :la'MUUaT' D.peJJ; ee 80 'By ra pa] a " PO'Ma'Hl'lja, 'Cp6,uja,[i'PEtUja,t, a, H,eKOH AYpu: H BO Asrepaxa.

3u',aQ,aj:H3, ynora '00 nonynapaaanaja He MaX1e]J:OHCKOTO 0CJ1060p;:HIT,enu:o neno :H sa cocrojfiare BOI Ma,K,lep;,loHHja UMaa.T

15

~ .

Kalbe HB M3Tep ~JaJIH £ cpe eTHeL 3(1 nacrpananoro ~HlKep;O'HCKO

Haven e "H',f;~ ~

H,eKOH OA eOpOnCKHTe np}Kaun aa 3 OKTOl\t'OP" 1903 rOJ:rJ'~ H8, BO MalC.eJ];oHHjll aosene ,NuplUlrpemKH P cj>o"~iH , '. 01011

•

q.rn:H"rpI(lHO tI.:la Ke .. OHC'KlfITe 'rpy, 111, n cTyneHTcKIi 311.py)J{eH~IJa 130

crpancrso. Ha nosexe enponcxa yH'Us .'p-wTeTu ocotieno 80 Pycnja ~l lllsajuap ja rfiune cp,op'~1npa"H :~4.aKJI,'ORCKI~ KO~1iITeTH KO I) C - poa .. nYBan,e xyr\'l"~,HI<ITapfnl aKU1Ul r: a cotinpaa.e ,ncnpu=

• •

Ice ,pe~BHAyBa,na, peopraan aUHJ3 Ha 'rypcaara }l{3HAapMepuJa u

npeypenysaa,e aa 3jrl:MUJ:! acrpatrajara 'Ill CY]lCTBOTO H qJop~nil-

.

paue K10MU'CHH: OJl X'PHCT~IJamJ. 11 Mycnlc1Ma:HH: 3a, Y1.),e,cTBysa,l;he H8

3nOQJlHlfITe 'H3,OpaBeHH: '80 spesrero na Hnl,1lH]leHCKOT'O BOCTaHue~ Typuaja Ifi'HJla 3a,~On}K,eRa. ,Ilta UM jia HanO'f.feCTR IDTeraT,8 H3 6eraJlQltiTe ;n,a npeeraae co co6H,pa,ib_ aa AaH'OQlI 'BO OIlO:>Ka'_ = HHTe cena H na ce pacnyurra ,,.HapOJlH3Ta aojcxa", 110 Maxenoanja }I lIOH8TBM,Y OCTau:aJUl D'OD ynpana na Typuaja,

'no 3aAYWYBalLeTO 1:13, H,DHH;El.e,HCKO'T'O BOCT.aHH,e 15a,JlK3HCKUTe ll,p}I(a:OH 33ICH,lIeHO no-mane ,P;3 acnpaxaae uoopy»ee" 1.1' qeTU 80 Maxenoaaja .. Bo 1904 rO')lHHB 6UJ13 C nyseaa cpncxo- 6y apcxa cnoronoa CIO 'lD,TO ,6una, M3:S,P'- ena nonenoa aa IUfTepeCHH ccpepn: na BHHj3Huja '"'at Maxenona]a,

no rropasor na Ii . ~:HH;tt,eHCKOT'O BOCTa.UH,e, 80 o praan ... 33Q.HjaTa ce }I,3l{BOHJ],e ABe rnenaurra. Ha enna'ra CTpaH3, ce

'"

Haofane Fopne . er pos , Tle ,e Tonres, Jane Ca " P;B'HCKH H ynrre

aesom Y 'BojiBOJ1(H, T,." .. neno KPHJIO' na Opraauaauaja'ra. Cnopen HBB· BFlH3Ta, 33. H;cyCJl1e:XOT .[3 'BOCT,BHHeTO 6HJlO HerOBOTO npenspeaeao xpesarse. Ha rcnpOrTBBHB,T3, cTp1aH3 6,8110 necnoro 'Kp'UJlO RaJ, Opranaaauajara T.,H~ ,BI)iXOBHCTn~ cnopen KOH OCJ1000- AYsa . -, eTO 'REl MaKe( oHHja. 6HllO MOlKHO Ca.MO co nOMOW OJ!'; E'Yra,pi~ja~

Bo O'KTOM:BpU 1'905 rO~HHa 6u,n 0 :P')K'3H Pancxaor xonrpec, H,a 'KOj e ;KtOlJ}e'CeH 80,8 ycraa, a O'pra,HH33qujaT3 rio Ao6una HMleT'O B'HaTpernH3 M"aKe}JIOHC,KO'~OJl,pHHCKa 'peBonYQH'OHre,pH3 opraua'33Ul-Ija (BMOPO). Ocyneaa e nejaocra H3 B'PXOB 'CTBTe, H3, BO'PY>K,eHHTe R'-, ·,na'f"aHJ(M. KaKO n ~ejHoc-a Ha E sapxajara np Ky '~oja 61~=a, cnpoaenysaaa 16yrapCKQ,T3 31CMMDJlaOpCKrH

non:HT.'HKa. cnpesra MaKenOHI~K"OT napo)];. no J,a.'B:PUJY'Ba.n"eTO HaJ

K:' onreecer nee H, ....... ·~O· Ifl'-p, ano II'Jr"'l, B-:]M··:" 0···· . 'p·O" onaocno D'P''II!''OBH- erare

.~ ','. ·lnl.l I;' ..... ·.u ,J M"-"·," . ,U ill,' ~" M.lIl V OrO _-. _ . '. ." . '~j U~Ir~U .U ,.I.lI. .. -.. .!Iii!P Jj ~I.. '.

OTBOpeaO' ee noapaane 00 'lSy,ra.pcKHOT ~BOp,~ cnY}K,ejKI1: OM ,He 'UHTepeCH'Te HI f"one'Mo6yrap'C:Ka'Ta Ifj,:y:p~Oa'3Hja~ HaCT3H3.n ne:pHOJl, ua 'OTBorpeH3 ,M,e;,ryoeO.Hat 6op6a DO xoja nosexe M3]{.,e,nOHCKH peBOJTy~HOHe:pH IO~ neBOTO KpUJ10 HfL Opraaaaanajara ua;m;H8.n:e :K.aKO )KPTSU 'fI8, :ro.neMo6yrapCK8,Ta n.onHT~lnca~ ,EReN IOn, HRB, Dun :H. Jaae ICaH;~3HcKM, Y1f)'H,e:H: ,Ra 21 ,31JpnJl 1,91,5 rOJlMHa B'O nM:piHH,~ DO' M,eCHOCTa lISanT8Ta IOD; ,K'YPWYM-UTe :Ha Byrap:H11'OT A'H~O" Kaxap ,KOB,,"

, ' .

. H3 3 jy'n,H 1908 r0j1U:H8 'c$HQ,e'pHTe H3 '~}rpcKa.Ta, a,pM·Hja DO

M~v;em'O:'HnJ'~;a, :H·· 'f~]~a3'II'JII H EH' sep .. ~:Ar-:-· 'v~.~··. '1I;;II\IIjjJl'I-]l!Jli' 6 .• y'~uT· 'T'II'norrnl'~ "'1J'~'II"f_

Q.I:\,-M -~Ir.ll--'t!' _!UI. __ !II - - -~. ~ .m.1t'-_,no, """" " n ,uf""'"', ..... JlD """,}'.!' ...

T3H:OT A6JJ;:yn Xa.MDA It, 'KOj 10,":n, ,npuHYD,eH Aa. rH npH(jlaTH' UHBDHTe 6a:pau.a H ,na. AOHece YC1"a,B",

n:06e~aTa RaJ. Mna;P;OTypcK3T3 peBOJ1Y~Rj,a; 3H3.lIfiJUl 0000·A"yBalbe aa YCl."aBHO-oa,p.naMe:HrapeH. nOHHTHI:IKH eKe,TeM, ,RO esaa 3eMja,. :MaKeJ]I(Jut:KHTe 'peUOJ1.YU;H"ouepu na ~:en'o co Jane Ca'~aUCKH a:CKpeHO ja npHqJ3TU'ne Mna~OTypcKaTa 'peBOln~yQJt'-·

!iii' !iii'

J3 j KOJ3 .rB J!:JJHIC:o:It)ItHpa, 'q:eTHDq:K:O-TePOPHCTH~K.H~e O'pranH3illQlDI

HaJ 6yrapcK8Ta., rp'lJKBT3 II cpncxara Boop'yz,eHa nponaranna. Me:fyTco", 130 1909 :ro,P;HH8 cy-n;a.T3110T A,6JlY,J] .XaMl1l~ H3B,P~WH1l[ KOH'Tpa:peBOJlYQ11ja lUTO saaseno 'o:palit3,lhe na anconYTlf3MoT 00 TYPltmjall Be~JI:a'w' no yJJ;apoT Ha.~ I ~ 000 ,Ma:K'fl:JJ;OH'CK}tl )Je':oon:y-· U;iH.oHe'p:H-~o6poBOJlQH: ,o;a 1J.eno co :eojBoAH1'Ie Janie. CaHAaHcKH" To~pp na.HD.l{a.O X:p.HCTO ''1epHoneeB ce 36pa-THMHJle DO 3a~~:-. HHtlKJa OOp6a. co Mn:aJJ;oTy'pIl;HTe .. ,[10 33'13'Pwywuf£m' Ha. 1(08-'

Tn"'l'p-'e'BO~ Jly~' 'IIrUJ'·"iilIIT----:-'!J, 'C''- ·'a-UTI''EJ.HP'V'·'II·II· 'g;,gM'II:.IIB',a·J]' "'lIi,~ I ~'<':l'n"l'rp'iI'i:nr ,{;Jf.i/JIO pa J'·rr::.u' na yOj ,_'_- ,.,1 .. ':'~IIIIJ U, U " .··.'n~ul:'~A_t' .~a!,' .M:JJ. : -. ~ ~[UJlrI~-IJ P~l ~1' . .: -, .~.-1I! M-=-

ce pemar n:o,:o-eKJe. n.pOOne:MH K3KO: peW'aOOIL,e 'Ma 'IHqJ'1IHrap-' CTOOTO, 3aWT,H11l aa H3.ceneHHeTO 'o~ 'TY.f,H1'IB Boop),}K'e,H,g npo-

~ - ~

:nal',3'HJln" BptlK3.ac :0(;1. oJt3eMe.HH'1'Ie '3e,M]HmHH nOCCJl:H lila MaKe ... ,

ROHCKII'fe. COnCTBeHH:QU :H ~pyrH ·npawaFh3 ...

H,B KO~COT' IOllp~aH. DO Cony" '11909 ron, 161UlaJ, ocnosana Hapoaaa 'cpe}lepaTHBu'a napTHj a. (H ~CII .Il.) RaJ 'QMe 'IIE!JI'O sacTcUl3ne Jane Ca.HAa,HCKl'l~ ;D;UMJ1Tap Bnaxos R JlIP", ,KOHWTO BO 'Y'ICJ]OBH aa ,Mna;qoTypcKBTa pe.&OJly~'H:ja !Oa.pane corpa.OO'fK3, C() 'U'porpeC'U'Bl1J'U:Tl: eana :80 Typuaja, 3, 38 DCTM.py,Ba.~e aa npasa-

a ua f\1Ia Ke~'OHCK HOT na p .. ' I sa '1a'lyny8a.lbe H3 H8 nuouan - 0- Te·pnTJlpI1JalI.HaTa ue.nocr na M.aKeJJ;o~- Hja. ,1-'1' co 6apalhe na ce o6e36eJlM ~p}}('a.BHo npaaea CTHTyC ua M,aKI_. toaaja no ~JI':lMK:HT: aa ,e~,Ha. nOlUHpOK8l OaJ1K3H'cKa 3ae~HHlta ..

':. ~p6Hja~ 6yrapHja~ ·UPHH. Fopa H:rpu,nja BO ~ '912 :r'0;P;HHa 00 no '·orn H,3 PYCHja. cosnane lianKaHclKJ.I cojya T(,aKO rronrorosxa 33 aoina [10 Typnaja, ':. a ~. 8, OKTOM:.B,pn lliCT3,T3 'r'O')J;HH,a cojy3HJHLtliTe H ooj.aB,Hne sojaa 83. TYP'-Hja ICO' WTO, 'OTnO'~I'H'ana npuaTa 6an-

'aHCK8 sojna .. Ycneunnrre onepanaa Ha Cojy3HH IK:H:Te, 'BOjCKH 3KTHSH'O rM nonaran aaponor 80 Maxenoanja O,qe,KYBaj.K,H lIeKB aojnaraee My ~O,Hec,e Hal~.HOHaJJH:O OC,}106oJ:tYBalLe O~I TypCKaT3 BnaCT'~

CiO J10I,H~OH)CKI-IOT :hUl'p OJJl 301 Ma j' ~ 913 ro'lIHH8, TYPQ,Hja ra lary6Hlla CKOPO CHTe leB.pOnCK1~ 06naCT,H" a Maxeno uja. ,6.HJl3 noneneaa nOMe.ty Cp6:uja. Byrapaja H Fpunja eo WTO' ja sary ... 16uJ1Ja Ha~H'OHa,JlH_aTa nenana, HOi reKOT na OJlP'XYBalbeTO 03 ,MUpOBHHTa K,OHlcPe,peH~Hja so J10'H,~'OH :~la.Ke~OHCKaTa HHTeJIH~

. .'HJJ;uja DO Ilerporpan aa rtl'eno co )JtUMHTpMl'e LlynoBcKH' o'ooapana on ")J1eMHTe cann A:aJ ro rrpassaar npHJltOHeCOT ua M3.KCnO.RCKnOT aapon 80, Bo:jHaT8 H p;a MY OB03MO>K3T MaKe.nO:HHja na

-,' "

CTaHe He3aBH'CH3 API)IC,aB3~ o, 33. }K8J1, Toa He Ice C1I'Yl.JHJlOI.

Tlpnara cBeTCK,a. :oojH,a (19l4~l9" 8) 38B:PIllBJl3 co nornauryBatlLeTO na Bepcajcxaor llIOrOBO'p~ Toa p:OBeno, ~o.npeKpo;jy.BaJbe H3 .KO:pT8T,8 113 Eapona R ~Ol HHBH8 BemT.a1IXI no~'e.n6a "3 MaKe1l:0HHj.a Me:ry TpH1}e 6.a,nka.HCKH ,JJ:PJK3BH: IC~C (Kpa.nCT~'O na C'p6O:Te, Xp'SaTHTe n CnOBeH~U'Te) sa KoJa H Dun no~ene, ce.sepHHoT H nenrpannaor ;n;en: aa MaKe}:t'OI,HHjI8 oKony Ilnaapna .. · paero; I'puaja, HB xoja H 15,Hne J];OI~e]IeHH jY*HHTe npHMopcKIt KpSfllU.T3 na Maxer o U'uj'a. co COJlY"·, .... H8J Byrapa]a, ,-a xoja it' np 'D'aJ,~HaJ1]rle HCTlO~IH:)}ITe spaanrra .. MaKe.n;O'HCKHOT 'H3' ,'0 '80 CUTe Aen10BR OlD Maxenoaaja co A:_~eHBR oH'n ,H3n'O,).KyB~l,H 'H3, Tepo,p M CHCTeMilTCKO a.cHMRJInp,albe ..

Bo' 1925 rOn~HH'a e £fJOpM'u.paH:a BMPO (o6e~HH·eTa,). ,80 tCBO'jara nporpaM8 Ja U'M:ana M.aKJ!J];OH·C 3Ta . - OflHTH'-IK.a ~p}Ka.8 - ,8 caMOCTojl-lOICT lH 60'p6'3 33 npH3HBBBlbe na .M3'Kejlt'OH:C,KaJTaJ Ha.QMlOH3.n"Ha H' - ;o;.uB1U'J~yanHOCT.

18,

Opr,aHD'3a,:qujaTI, Koja. pa KIO.8JOJJ:en 3 co loopt5a.T8 npOTHB.

OCM'aHCKOTO roc OllCTBO .n ["0 nonrrrrayaana B cranne'rc 'HHKOraur ne ro HOCeJ13. 'HMle-:ro '·.MPO,. 0lB3 n.Me rio IAo6uII.a opranasauajara CO'3J]l8,neH8, OJJ;, Tonop Anescannpoa '11:0 nOll,enOOT,a. H,3 MaKep;,oHHja co nOU'H3KBa, sa asa ""' : a rH nOCJl,06o,.DtH'~' Erejcxa H Bapnapcsa M8K.e~OH:Hj,a H]lI;8 ru npaeoenaaa 'KIOH Byrapaja, Taa ce Tp8'HCtjJopiMUpaJl3 DO TPO'PUICT,H'-D(a opraaasau [a xoja DO nUpnHCK3 Ma'Ken01UIj,a ee nOCT,a.BHn3 K,3KO JIlP.lKaB3, DOl ;Q;P)KJ8Ba. H ~oja ;0;0 K'pajH'u rpraHHttH ro UI.Jl1} .prrHpaJ1a H. anoynorpeoyaana He ell'.' 0 Ma.Kle~OHCIQ'O naceneaae TaMY, TyKy C'O CBOHTe, 'tfi TH DO sm;pyr:UTe ;qen.OBH aa Ma.Ke.J;iI'OHHja. :80 Toa ope.Me esponcxare BHT6J1c.Kryan.ltH H onWTeCTueHB.QH'1 xaxo aD 'npHM,ep':, A.u6epT Ajaurraja, FOIMe'" Ponaa TrOM8C Maa, iKO-J1HO K'HpIH H Jlpyr.H H:MHlLa·l, ReDpaTH'De UPO,TeCTHa. Te·n:erpaMa ;0;0 MH.HHC -epcraara

RaJ' B- "'yr-ap"j"'a"" 'lD~n 'II"o-i~ -M'" e ry~- f1r-- yroro nr!.lf1'T1y"~ID"li ..'II"lenuOT'" 'y.uTy·p~'H

• 1 _ ~ I I'~ . ~!Ii PV n! .. [JIIt'1J I. ,- ~ l' ':: ' O'~~_ .. ~ i!I 111;.LI;I·- . -,' . l': I'~ ~. _'.IW' I

C.Be,T e sraaeen 01 IceKQjnaeDHB, '0: W3CO:UBH y6UCTBa U 3DO},le:j-' erDa 0' CIpaH8 H3 .pamUCTHIJKHTe DaH;qH' Ha MBaH MuxajJlOB~' ..

Ha 2 asrycr 119144, 'roABH3 DOl MaH8CTHpOT ,,rIPOX10P nIJH,H,C.KU"1 e O~Jl'KaHOI .n 'p BOlT 01 sacenaaae aa ACHOM 00 npacyerao na noronesr 16poj ~en'e:r.a.T.H D roera ~ 30, nps nperc,ena.ren ua ITpe3:JIAHY," OT 6UJlU36paH MleTOllPi AH~OHOBllfleHTO. KO.HCTHTy.upaju ce sa HajoHcoKO., '3a·KOH·O;Qa.BH:O III B3BPWHO TellO, .ACHo,'M ro ' porpaxapan ,coa~aBalbeTO H8

~I Ce uaora so nOJ;JlIU))J(jeTo na ,n.na Ii l! !daTa 'K.'iJ3ja It ~ (e eepoJICT()'lIUO (liP;

·:·'¥M81!OBO. Cn-Ope,A lKHl'HeTO 1-13 Tlpoxop n'"JHFbCt.::If, . aaaerapor 6!un OCItl'OBaH 60 11 o.eK 0:4 'BlfI]aHTUCK~,OT MMneparop lloMaH IV nUoreH .. To 05UOBHIIl KpanOT Mtslll yT1i'1 H BO' n oseroxor ua 14 Be.K,.Bo 'IJOIi:[eTOKQT sa I 5 00:1( Ha'CTp~]J;alll 0]1 TY·PQHTe~ oeoeeno 60 1454 r,o,nMllaJ. Bo 1489 Ma.HfloCTMpoT 6Ul1 IOOHOBen II n pex.n BOIITHC3 E'[ ,. Bo U'e'fO MMIJH) y~["n Ii! WTe 38 30rp8cpH ~~ e Bern re Ii'J HUl,U ji a, ee M HC:JiI H A.eKB noeroena E1 nesa TIH It. u.a ~

!\4,Q'Ke OHCKaTCl 1l,p)K:aBa BO pat 'KUTe aa (l>e)J.epaTHBHa Jyrocnanaja, 80 qU'" pa )!KH M'aK,e)j;OHCKHOT H2I.pO~ sa nns nar BO caoja a neropaja ce 3A061"1J1 co cn:06~)~eH HaQM:OHan:eH >KABOT, ceBKYT[eH, none. '. J" eKO"O~ ~ICKI1' u xy 1TTypeH paereac,

Ha 8 cerrresaapa ,~ 99 [ rOJJ;HHa, npexy pecpe'peH'rtYM M,BKe,1l:0H. ja CTBH,a Hle.3~18IlCH3. A':P}f(3.BfIJ n:O']J;, ycrasaoro ,liMe p,EnY6J1HKA MAKEUO·HI1j'· .. ·. ~

20

Ha,jI1Ip'BMfIl '],H,alvf.Rlb3.T2I. 6aDIe; Cpe~CT80 aa ~ .. anajse OnTU'-IKH ],HaqH,! 'FIOJl;O~Ha 6:nne ynorpedyaaaa C3.MO BO Bo~'C'KaTa, a co TeKOT Haa.peuero craaane CHMoonli1 H3. ~p)Ka.BaTa, na 'H'·aPO'.llOT,

3UaltU'JIb8,'T8 130 J!];:eHe.mH~l ICPO'PM3 ce jaayaaa'r EJO ,X] sex. Ce CM,eTa lleK,a npeo T,aK~B03na'Me (labarum) aoaena BU38.H,T,Hja. :BO 820 rO~·RRa. Bo BpeMe-To na ~eYlla.nHH,Te ormrrecrneno ... eKCn~JlOM'''CKH O~HOCH 3H3,MUI-b3T.B OOIPl.HO Dune eAHooojH~., najxecro co npnena ooja.~ H:lPH601r~yBaHU, on OOHq[HO' ,"'n,"' O'~I CBH,n'eH,O nn,QTHO .. Bo X Be·,K us 3H:dM]~Uh3.1."3. C'peKBB3Mle 'Be3eI:UJ' C rr II, Fell :"3, He 1(00 cneTH.1'Ienu: IGlKO :33JWTlITHMr_QU: Uti lo~'peAeIlH J];e]:HOCTH~ C,Tona.HC:KH rpaHKU:, 3JJ;p,Y)l(,eHHja" BoeHn H JltPyrH opran H33JJJI·)t' " Bo BpeMe'fO aa KPCTORocHHTe BOjHM (Xl-X]]I BeK) HIB '3H3MU.fb3,T,a ce Helene HIlH uprane lUI8CTen:RHCKM f"pfiOlBH a. Bna.,p;eTeJlHTe eraaane '0 3H8K Ha K,pcT,. nlO;Q;oqa3, Ka;KO H nenee, cexoja Ap'za.B3 aida esoe 3'uau::e co ~p}.Ka'BHH II IU),ruJ01H.anB1f CHMoonH (O"UJj,POAoV )~, K8,KO pe3yn'T3T na onm:TeCTBeHH,1'\e, eK'O,HOMCK.HTe, n(}ln"1"Hq,K,HLTe~ KynTY'IJHB,Te; It. :eepcKDTe oinpe~en6;IJI .. 3,H3MU:JLaT.a 'HH. 3e:MJHTe ce 'palJIHKyeaaT no 60" It, C'HM6oJ]M,~ a M'!QJKt),T AS t):UP;3,'T:: n;p}KJ~U3,HB., soena, UpKOBHH, 3H3.M::U,lha. :Hia 'pa.3HIH 3,QP·Y)K,e.Bl:1j,a 11' opraaasauaa H 1l:pyrH.2

3a 3H3.MHIL3:Ta o].:t Bpe:MeTO na MnUHj:tieBICK.OTO nocranae sa] nac ;qocera, ne e ,nHlu,yua,E[O ,.nJa.reM, na cnO'MeH,e!i.·H!: nexa OJl; s:peMleTol npe~ H 'no nBHHJ1Ie,:HcKH',QT :nepHoJ]; ce nYOJ1HKYBaHJI C~UdO 3H3.M,eTO' IDA ,PalIIOBe''q](OTO' BOCT3,HHe3 Y OHa O]J; B'pe:MeTO aa Mnanorypcxara peBonyuuja{ i 908).4:

.2 DI. Lacroix, Histoire du dnlpe.!JIJU ffa:n~ois~ Pam-is J ~ 879,;, Vb1Da I~nt:~kl,opedi=

ja, Beograd, 11'915 (~O), 161 ~ -672.

:3 3H:aMero n pel'CT,alY aa enane ~1'e!'1 U:PBe:n KO n Pili fle·11 nJilIT eoumen BO e,e,H3T3 nonosu ua o~ "jpH li a 80 APY rara non O~H:.I ut ~ .o,q !l:I,e,TiM'pl:l "naT,1 ICO 0171 urr pa3i~,ep:: ~ 1,86, C~~~ w.t~'P()qH'iUa~ na 1 ~6,,5 C~·~~ DliOOI[[HUJa~ 80 CpeaUI'H1Ta na :::UlaJM>eW, eMMeTl'lli~! ~IQ 'p:iiJ~nOJmIGJi)!{e:1 ~, e npM W:He II ep.eH' np3'BOar"OJlUM at O',!Jl mOJlJTO,-3e·Jl'e H KOrq:n,umen I11J1B:V co ·pa,'3M.ep: .54 eM .. Wl1po"'Uilua j aa 76 ,eM. 8H'CO~nUffia. Bo nOJ1eTO co Kon PM lilleHIH lUiOJUlle,TOIIH KOI:~ QtI e H38e3eUl pa3JiIlpew r. .11 aa, Men pa 8.eH na 'l3.,QH 1,\t,'Te

23

CeKO a--- npa nHwyu'U&.erro, na pa3MHlcnYSa.lnaTa 33,

~ i

or-ryremrre M3T'eptl]3nfHH cae ',OIlJT a, o~ rronane-t Hom 1-' llP

nOfiJIHCKOT'O ~t,,: ,aTO aa KyJ1l"fy:pH~,Ta :H:CTO'~'Hja H8 Ma,K [1l'OHCKH10T uapon ce HaMeTHynan,o npaurasse-ro sa HDHHO ceraunro nocToe'Hje, '8'0 cny-iajor sa :lH3MHlL31,Ta Ol)l BpeMeTO H8 MnHH,'-

I ~03e (:8Q. ~,'3 M~'PI: 56 eM. liM CO~I' H ~ ta lot 46 eM. W Hi pD'!III'UiI). n pyrMTe 'OJl~~n I'I" ~eTIunt (uiemrre, 3a;6nT~~ nOK ltTe, yc.T[a.Ta~ oxoro II AP~) ce U21lBe3elllf.l' co pa3Ho6ojuH KOHQH, a IrplUmTIII e uanoasena co AOHonHHTenno HCWL1Bal-be H3 MOTeM II iii: KOn ~I [ Bp3: OCl w[oom n~ OT meJ:" 'Bp3 ropr III OT Kpaj H3 ona m Ka"F3" 100 P2UUI co AeOOlll Koneu. e 3aW,lJeno naMy~r.lro nap-re aaneneuo ua xapl'fMja co H,3TntfC .Ha oeMH Mail 11,876 ron". BIYKDltlTle ce ,naTHUCKH. ,3" eTO HMa ueH~onKy ,neil-lTH J ABe on UE-[B ee on 1ie~ut'o:u.pnen,il KOnpUUi8ll, co passrep t ;.32 ca. AOJDKHH3., " ] 5 leM. tu H pOI~n"n,3, " sa Bpm YBaa1i ua Kpajiorr COl no nOCTR (TpHa rona Ii peaosa), Ha ep;H~lTa neurs e :1i\t]Be3er.-[ t.J3Tnft:CO'l'" ~~CT,alJeTell~ COl paJt.onrnCHll' [6~rKDU, a ua ,A_-'yra: a: ;Jla 8M locBo6ollai co ne~aTHH 6yKBH lBO' naTHlil::Kl'I CTHJI. 3aqyoa~l.u ee :U ABe AP,yrH ,JU!HTH,: eAH3,T3 e QpneHa nlllp;eJilK8 o~ pane co pa3Mep[ _ ,,12 [CM~ AOFll,>.KIUJa,. 6 eM. HUiPO'lHHai' a AP,yraT8 e. .neil on eQltl, Oe!.llH nauQ;e/uca o~ pane, [co paJ,Me:p 43,5 CM. "0' antRa, il 4 eM., wnpn,qMHa~ H ABeT[e J1I!]1'1'H ua elUILUOT Kpajl 3aDp'WyR3.8,T co aeon Ii, [eauaKBM, nIfCKYJlIH,. p;oJllm 19 'CM~ MllT,epecelt e nO,Qa TOKO'1" JJ,eK,a '00 ':JaOCT3LB~ HJ ~-~aTI, ua OO,Q I, I!; I OiJ' HI P,811100e,1I:[KrCrro 'BOcT8 tun! <.187'6) AHMH1'3P.1 Ilon-Feopreea Eepf.UMC,IUI e H3Jp;eJla, OOJle.WKai '3, KOj,a 1'oj 'uanpaBHJ1' HeKOnKY 'OOKJll,H ll.3 ee npe , pr,a JiI·BBOT D~ KIIHrn"fa _ ;CTeM3JT,Orpa$nja l ~ aa XpUCTO~P }Ketarpou:p g K3Ae na,Borr o~ ::IRa M,e'f10 H JlaOOT O)J. r-p6orr H3 M'a,Ke,:tO'H Mja I.n"~ ar c,Aeu .ua 11l pyr. ORa to ;Jl,on,)K" nJi 1'oa WTO ):tHM HTa p non .. r,eopmen npeCToiYlfmJl nO,Q,onro upeM'e 80 Genrpal', Kane urro :!;1M'iJln t.dO)KlUJC ,la, ja pal }["J[ePly.sa,i BO roa opeM'le Illony JUl pH3 ra nCIy,eM:a ror :- a~tlj,a'll na e nOMleH2I,'·, THOT ,AojpaH~]a"eu~ ll,a, nOTCeTHM'[ei AeKa HeKrulKY rO~HHH H3H,a38,I1] aaropor ua ,0 Boii 'Tpy~ 38 IBptn~fe H3 nocerara ~ Ia M Y3ejrOT DO MenHHK" P'enYW1IHK3 Eyra,pnja,

UNa '.a6ene»::aHO QJoTOrp;uplij'a 1l0Jil K,oja nKWyH3 ~3JtaMe.. Hal KpeCtte'lI'ICKOTO

u ,., 00

,BOCTS. lUte' n pe3eUTIHpiUfaJ DO nO~la"aTa M Yl'£JCK3 InOCTa 8Ka. ' : '".lOT na

p;oj'~e,Me ;ElO Hcn,T~ll OCTaJl-m3J~ ,33 *3,.11" [CB'M:O BeTy.BaJLe 01P; crpaua ua Bpa60reHHT@ so M)'3ej:OT! (8HjJlU: AK3,qeMMK. Jby6eJl Jlane, ROOM CO!]uaJuHja aa :UI,aMero na 'P,a3JIone'!.IKOTO BOCT~Ulne O~, J 87,6, IroJJ, nrEDJ H Juntoit' Ha ;QHMHTap Ilon-Feooraea Be POBCK H" ,~M Y3f! jCKJf IF J1 aca I{I K i \ 2 (~97.3) ~ CrKon je; !lIO H H,O nOM I1IOB! 311 El, M e aa BnleTl' 1M U,~'ITe on c., Pa3JI:OOl!l;H,! ,nU:RuelJl lito. 18716 r, ,jiMY3ej H ni3JMeTf:lH~H Hal :KYJTTypaTaB" IV, 2 {l[9(J.;1) .. Cor}lH:H'.

4 't'Oplfe M HJhKOBIrI K 'I JlBa p~ ptt TeTHM n pe;ilMeTH on 8]Je '1e'f10Ra M J1Ia~OTypcKJa Ta peDOJl'Y ll.ll'lja I( ~ 908) ,iii 'peROn y l~HO H epH3LT3 Jl[ej t[OCT [3 Ja u e CaH.m.ar.-rct:lrt, .~,rjH~&H,I¥IK·j II::}, MHH, X,XIII:". C'KO'njle~ ~9,g5[.

24

,JlellCKOTO ,BOCTHHHe,. ~tv~}eHlO aane ce Haor,aaT }leBeC THe~ K~lKBl1. fiune u: )la.no ce BOO[[lW'TO la,'~lyBaHH? Hajsepojarna ee 1~.HHI;1' upeTIlOC'I'8,8K,aT3 ~eKa 'H:eI(08 on Title 3HaMHfL8 6tlne YH.llurreHH' H,1I19 38,nJl'eH'e-TH 1C3KO [BOeHU TPQ¢Jeu BO 6op61fTf: co Ty'pCKl1Te sojcxa, ,K2I:KO [UTO Gun cny-rajo'r co Kpyureacsoro 3,R8,Me KOe,. no 'l3'3JeM'albeTO na Kpyrneno on TypCKJlOT aCK:ICp, cnopen ceiaB3,lnJl.Ttl Oct e~eH lO;E{ Hen ocpen Hti"J1e yll]e'CH~U ~I:f :80 T,B't! sacTa:HE.~ 6'KJ10 OAOet'eHO BO Llaparpan. Hero TIu{a~ ce saae Ae.K3 no 3aJ;qYWYB8,I+.IB,TO ,H,a BOC'T3Hl1)eTO H'eKOU o~ peaony U;;UO'He'pUTe npa nosnel'y:oa:lbero :00 Byrapaja ru onaene II 3Ha,MHFLa,TaL~, K8KO [U,T,O 6n:n cn,Y'lJ',ajoT co pe'BonYQHO,HepHO'TO 3H3,Me H8 ,r'J]',B'BHHQT WT3,6 aa HlIRH)l:,e, 'C1(}OTO BOcr2l'HJJJI~ 33 ,B'HTOJ]'CK,HOT oxpyr, .33, mTO noomnapao Kle, CT8He 300'p :80 H'3T8MomlIHOT TeKCT.,

BocTatHHIO'ITe H3 BojBO~"lJTe n~3rHAe :K1b3l1IeJJ ,[M.Bae.UD 'q'ax anapoa Be) KJIHC~tpa, KOCTYPCKO

1(10,0; ~HJl.OT ua 'MY3ejoT sta M.lKle·p;C!ltHja BO t(~Kunje)

33 On:BIIOOT' u: aa CHM6o\JlHTe H3, IOUIJJ'e 3U8,MHtLa Hl80taMe IOCK.y~HIIJ I1'o,;m;a,TOD.iH BO Me,Mold·P CKa Ta. JlJ H:Tep,aTYp'll. Tae Of! cnosseayaaar so 'u,a'pOJ[lJU.llTe rrecna, f.[apo~·HI:lTe ooaIla,:H'" 'DO ROKYMleHTHTe R H3BEJ.WTaH.Te, '80 aecnamrre IJJ ua ~pyirH MCCT3",.

25

npexy xon ,H] ce 3at:Iy'B3HM ,01 Ae'ltec~ H,cTo T: K,a aa nosexe ¢,o-, TO'Tpa,cp'UH aa BOCTafU1~IKM1'e LleTM~ :nyonnKyBaH',H BOI pa,'jJl.H' ,In'H' anycrpauaa, "'1.Q,)KaT A" ce BHJl;,8' , 11 a Me'HOCQ_j_ 'CO passeann 3H3~fHJba, HO '38 >K3J11, pe~IHCH na cirre -retu o ce npen:03HalTIIU,BH "-lIBBY,T,e CHM6o, ! 0,11. noaexero 331-lysaHH c)JOTorp,a'cpUI1, BO

~

CJly'qaJOT" rH C=O;M'eHyBaMe OHHe m'TO ce narrpaaeaa sa spesre na

~BaeceTHH,a, IcnlOOOD;HH ;o;eHO:BH' H8 KJ1Hcypa,~,S H3 'KO'H' ce .rneAa.a.T U'OBCK)e BOCT3UUU;:U: ICOI .BOC·TaH,H,~IKll1 3,Ha~1HJ.La,.6i

Ha xoarpecor DO CM:HJ1emO (2-7 M:81j .1903) e J[UO,HeceH Ii BOC"1':,H rt_IKH ;U;,H:C~Hn'nBHCKH Y TaB DO xoj, :Me '" y np'yroTo, natnysa: .,,,iU eexoj lGoj co nyrnKa." cexapa :"]]]1 co 6 '}JOI KaK80' APyro opY>Kje eTOU non pe onym oHepH'IQ JHaMe e 'BOCTaHHK~"',,"1

,Ma'Ke~oHcK'HTe BOCT8'HUQH, penejiKH tie non C1o'nCTUeHHTle P,8l3B,HeHlH HnHHJJ;:leHCKH 3H,8.MHtb8, [I],pe~ J];3 TJprH,3T 80 nepasonrre 6op6H nporas TypCKHOT 3ICKep" 33 'Cn:OOOil3 aa Ma Kle.o;OH,Hja, " nonarane '33KJleTBa 001 CJ1.e;U;HHTe 350poBB" ,-,Ce KOllHaN npen Gars. H npen CBeTH~e cnOMeHH aa xpafipo 18rHH8THTe· xepoa 33 cJlo60J1a H3 MaKe,:ltOHoja" J[te,K3 jac ~06'pOBOllHO an -ry ~aM. DO, penoaare aa ;:rt06'poBO.RI\H"e" ire cnY>K8M lcleCHO H 'BepHO H, 6ecnpeKOpR'O Kle, ra ,ncD'o.nHys3M 'Ha,pe,~6'HTe HO 'MO'HT,e crapemURH"., Kneraara ja 3aneQaTysa,M, co 6aKHYBaILe H3, 3HaMeTO" BOA xoe Be YBa.M j:J'eiK3 x:paI6po i,e Ice loopaM H IQa sarr aM sa cno- 6oJ:t.a, na MojaTa MHJ13 TaTKOBHHa-MaKe.AoHBja~ AMHH!',;t8

Bo H,nH'HJl;eHC'~OTO BOCT3,H - e peuo.ny:q.OHep:HHTle qeTH BM.3ne 3H-a'MHfLa .. CeKoja q'ler.ra. HM,ana C'HOe 3H3MC, xoe ,06HloWO TO

"

aeaene xeHR, nOB03pa,CHH Moun, a H8JtIeCTIO yt.IHTe.JlKH 0:0-

'Bp33Hl1 co BH3Tpem'HBT8 M3,K.e}lOHCK8 pe,BOny~_ ,OB. "pH8 opraansauaja, THe xynynane QPBeHH C,BUJle·HII TKae.H:HHlI 3D 3H3,MHILBTa H sesene aM6'neMH M' re:KCT "Cu,oOO,;D;,a HJlB C.MD.P!T-b'~",. Tae 3Ha:MH1L3 Gee R3p,afioTeHH co aMftTepCKa yMeTHB.~lKa, BemTHH8.

5 KJlnCYJlarpaT~e eo J1epHUCKO.

16 'BHaH 80 ,cnH.CatUljaTaJ uHn"HIIRtHl~U nexaresa so CoqlHja -_tery J]l;BeTe c eTCK,H BQjHM ..

'1 M;a non n, na.H(.QenCK It, HJ1I H H,tteH'tK.01:IO BOCT~U1l He tOO :MaKe)J]oEtHja 1903 I"\OnWI:I3, Cxonje, ]197'8~ 1'93 .. 20~l

8 HJly,cTp,au.HH' 'HJ1MHAen~'1 2: (12); r .. 2, COtp'H,Jl1 1929,~ 8-9.

26

R finn:e ~~yBa."H Ka:K:O CBeTOCT 'W'fO ja )J;OK8}KYBa JbyOOST8 H nOBp3a,f.1JOCTCl H3 M'3,Ke;q.OHICKaJT3 ,)KeHa 801 60pOaTtl aa Cn,OOOAH,8, MJaKeJ];OH'Mja.9 Tae ce oneaua 1\11 80 M'eKO,H Ma,Ke~OHCKB uapo 8M H peBonYUHOH,e;'pHH n:eC,H:H,_IO Bo en,Ha IlIE:CHa O,;rt nap,HlJJ:C,KHOT xpaj ':13 na rna D,H ee e,n,eJlt,"'UT,e CTPOtp'H:

~ Jlene, 1,8 HO ", nene MH:n:B, Kep'Ko" KO'M,Y '8'e3e:m 'roa CHF.ll1:eHO 3,Ha:M:le?

>3 Jlene M,3:jEO" nene CT3'pa 'MajKo, X'H,T :Me, mrranr, "paw 'K,le, TH' KaJKa ,_ '3HaMJte sesa sa RenqeB, aojaona,

~:a, leM, rei H'I()CH JleJlitJeB npen ~'pyJKHHa!,,,,, 1 :1,

Jt;;:,eH:HTe ne C3MO W,"]'O neeene 3Ha.MmL3", T'UKy"! HleKlOn on 'HUB

&IJ' [' ~

T.K1Ien:,e nnarna, nnerene qO,'pan'H; 1:1 611Y3MI J3 UOCT3,HH,ltH" r.U

nexysane H I'D ,K,pi,eene", npeaecysane naCM3, H: Jl;O:OOpDHB,H MaTepIHjanH'~ na 6Hl1e J);'YP'HI G, aKTllBHH, IOOPltU" KIUtO: 'MaCHHlI:a

r - ., -, - -" 3'- ", -" , '" " 3' ,," "~' 'n ,"," 'T"'" ' ,

_ pHqapOBa O,Q c. ,~,ar,op,Hq:a.HH" ,.OJa~aKaJI,apOBa,!, pnena

)l;HMH,1pO,1I3, EneR8 Janaxaesa If APlyrH~ C:HTe OjQ ,KOCTYPCKO~ noroa YlIDTCD:KHTe: Ka,Ta"J:lusesa OJ]; e. Boursapeaa Jlepaaexo CYJIT3S3, Cp6'HHOHa OA c~ EKWHCY ~ Cnaasa lIaKapo,Ba, on Crpyra, DBDjaHa. 'TPH4JYHOBa'i Ilapacxesa Tpaj:KOB8" Bacansa

C ~ A' C' " ~ m ~~ - 'n' - A" 'n

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Teopmeaa II RPyrH~'12

9 n,eT,ap. X, ,neJllel,~ Y~aCTHe'TO na lKe,U3,Ti;j, MaKe~OH'Ka, B"b ,:Q:OCTC M 11 M JI;Retl C KD leu o.n ea t :H JJ.lUI JJj IU ,I C K:H JUt C1". C'o<pII,:Ji'I' 28 ton II (lipol1, ,eJUf.Heraen),

10 Ma'Ke):lOHCKU pcmn,Y~HOlU~PtIM 'IllClC1iU 33 rO'~e Jllcn "Ie]J" nH"F'Y I"Y'J;I H ~ J O;paaH, n nnep,KaTa ~ Cl{,o:llje~ 19174.

l,1 len Ope;A Ta HO,83 BO TeKlOT na ja 101]"lIplil '~903 rOJl,llt~a r one AeIlllle:g fbln 80' Cocpp_j a ~ UP,liM un LtP;;l!:lll.iO :3HElMe W'IiO 6HnJO com He HO' OJ]l J 3J HKaJ KaJle,~~eua O,Q, 'OXPMl.Q '4l H:H 'pon,HTe,HH' fhtlJu:: [fIjpeceJile~ IIi 00 C(.nj:1'I1jaJ", 311il'MeT() "OJ enuara apaHaJ UMana ~Hr'ypa, I-ra .Q,eB~jKa WTO ja CHMOUn.:q,JHpB nopo6el~a M'a,KenOlU-t ja ~ ;3 HI p;py rara erpana na iB", H,e :JHae,Ml~ Ha KOe, lllaMe ee 'MHCJIllt ~

~2 ,AneKCaUA"Lp"'h EI~THMO'B!, M;:uCeil1l,OHC,Kll :B,eCTU~ r. I .. 'Z6~ 2JO=Vll:-~ 1 '91.35 !' ICOrp:",q '! 4,-5;~

27

BIOEHOTO 3.HAME

OA, CE1IIOT,O 3A:rOP'l1qAHH,~KOCT'Y,PC'KOI14

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.

ce n:pOTmBI TypC,K:HTe ,ROJeK.H, noeene paasaopeaa 3B,aM~Ulha.~

Mety' HU'H, ee :BH!openo U BOOHO' 3:HHMIe ,0;0; ceno 3arlopH~1'.aHH",IS

,13, X'PIrICwqmp, '}K'eqm.poOH'K, (XlI I Be,Ii{) OR11I 30rpat1J't MK'OHon "celt ~ t5aK'pope3e.Q~ ne~aTai'p'i< :KaJilyre:p.~ "pro:eeu,! mpD M8K'eDoH:cKH x,epall~HctJa,p H, eACH OJ, HajjpiULH,1['-e M3lK.enOHCKH I1lpePOlll,OOHlUJ,U'. Do Heooun. ~~OFe,MaTorpa<pHja,'" M3K.en,otU::K]IOT ,11aB e nln,e,H H oM,en NO. Toj e UlPE3eH' ",a >KOJ1"Jii'O none j 3a p3:1:11 IfK3 all 6:yr,a,~K nOO' Kojwm e >KallT na QPBeFl:'O none, n OJll Hn M U,ilJI M,ii,:l{,e,P;OH'·' IC~KMOT rp6 nHw,yh.a ~tM a i(,en,IOHbl ", T'Qj eli! nojailHJtI '00 HCTO npeM.ei HI, 'HCliO Me~TO M on RCTO 3lDTOPH", KOI'3 ee l1oia:lJune H rpOODlIre ,Ha, Cp6,uja '! S,raptIljtR II nil, APyr"",re. 6a 11 K3.UC,K Hf:m;poJ'.Ul. M!a.Kep;O:HCJ{~.M 'Ef.a plJ]. ceK:ora.w ee C'l8.00J1 :8.0 Jaejl,U.Hru;aT3J 'JUI jy,:t:H.ocn08eHCIKHlTe H3,POJD]JU. '8:M\Q,H: Il-p Ane,Keal{JJ,a.p Ma"~DB'" CKH.,~ f"p60Dllre na 'M~a,K.e,AOJ:Ulja,~, ICKonje~ 1 ~l7'tlJt. 129"

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... '. enoro ,":;)'3I'OpU.'tl,a.HH H,M.8.nO ~'I,. U'!!.n.f :)KH'fCnu. "0 ..l rOAHF,la ceno-

TO 6~ullo ltenOCHO M3ropeilIO,. Haeene IUJero O]l 000 eeao H' OK.o~ H aara len 0 aKTHBllO K M~,OOBUO y'~ee1"iBOI 00' oocrnu:ue'm.

ru S Dn P;H Xpn ere ell n R.H 08" O~'D 060J];HTenu HT1e 'fiopoa, ,n a

M[I,I(,ep;OH.H,R" l, COqJitS, 193,],; Ma,y.epHBJ1t1l :JU M:MnaTOI'fO ua KOCTY'PC,((.o, H'~ 4". 'H3.u.t\B3 'KO'CTYPC KO,TO 6JlllrOTllopHTt.tllHO opa TCT DO ... CO.U:A ~ Pe 00-J1J.(H;~lU)H']!!U)"fO _qOJJlJKelllue 6, K.OCTY,IU:K.'O, CnIO.Me:t~H ,OT M,M". H',liKOJI'OD!.~, CoCfJI1Il'j 1937:, A,. n'OO8'HQeOj C',1I0MI!UH (p~u,o'n"c), :KHH,!, c». 'IV~ 16,8, CmJIl,je;. OcB060.lUtlTeJ1~U~,Te IfiopOH II Koc.-rypcJ(O (no 1'904)". C,nOMI~H"' ,H3. naEIUOt Kn"rmeu" C'o~:jnIH I' 1923';, nne,BI.llK :Ha 'Bacltl,J)] '\:,I'a K,an~lpoB,~ B'"b,C1"J,HI"IHe'fO I, K.!(U:TY P C K 0'11 :3 unp H H:K. 11:,1111 ~ I Ae.n C KIO -n peo fj'pa,;K eft (:·KOT 01 8"LC·"f;81 H He, Co4nt~~ I 96~; liop6a,Ta 'B KOCTYPC:KO H Ox P"J,CKO (ROI .1.'904 ro~ .. ).. no en OM,e,JI H H a, 11' B ill 1:1 M H roa, C M It ne 'Bo,K~JlaJ I OIB. D,e.1 H lbtl\l HTpOB ,M Ha sona M H 1]) e a, C OCP,H H 'm 1'92;,6,; M 3, H on 'n 1,,",1;; ~'C,KQ, IliC'"f<QITOI~

28

Ha 38'QY '3HaTa q,o'TO'rpa.-'-.Hja~6' ce rnena nexa _ a 3HaMeTO' fhIn H3'BeJeH na.Bl7 CO KPYU8. na rnasara, :80 menare lIMa Meq II nynrxa .3. 0 CHM60.DH Ha 6op6a"ra, 3a Icn'oOo;q,a II IcaMocroj.HOCT3 H8 MaKe,Q;o,HBja. Han Jla-SOT DIIIUyaa. ,_"CBo60'n,a, HJIH C.M'hPT~tU, a uo;q: 'Hero ~aTYMoT ,,20 IOnn 19103 r .. 3ar,OpH1tJaHHum

no 3aRymyBa~e.TO Ha. MnBHJ1tenCKOTO BOCTaH,oe DBa 3H8Me·, n:poJlyu'qe:aol 0Jl; TypcKDTe KypmyMB II rpaU3,TII,t 6.n:no O;Q;Hece·HO '80 Co£l>Hja H ceo naorano '3:AH'UJleH.O DO Hn:HH.QeHCKHOT' JJ;OM:, K,'pa,eej:KH rOI ca. ·.Koc:)laroT ICO MOWTH,Te :H3. I'oue Jlen~ eB,,18,

Henocpenno no 3aiQ,ywysaa.eTO H8 Bropara C - erexa aojaa xora ,. ·aKe·~OH .. [a 6uJla, oc;J]o60J(CHa OD tjJaWHCTH lEa 6yra.pnja, n.OlTOlJHrO BO 194\6 :ro}J;RHO." OCTa'~ KHTe H3 sen:H:Ka'HOT aa HJtUHJJ:,e'HcK.3T3 enoneja Toue ne.J11.)'eB 6UDe g,a, c:oe'qeH H3lt1HH H co nosar npeneeena o,~ Cocpuja 80 CKO'n e'7J HO '" e ,cnOMeHaTO' 3,HaMe~I'9

16, (1)0 orpaq,nj,a:'f3 H3 OWl 3uaMe 38 npo,na,'1'" e 06j,B.oc'n3 :001 'I ,F! n 'Y CTpa lilJ!ll,H 'HnHEi Re·H" ", 2 (,~ 2)1!, COq,J.UH, ~ 9219'I' 1.

17 flaBOIT H8 3HaMcro e Hcnpaae.H :K3KO n ua, MarceP,lOHCKHOrr rpO so !,CT,BM.aTorpat1luj8TaU HI :iCecPaPDBHK. It.IJuewTO on 'jaHRe e nocrojaHo, 'OCot)eHO' DO n,epHOJIJDT H3 pe:aOJllYU:UOH€PMMTe lOOp5., I(Ai . aT~OBCKM; ReTarO .• '

~,B, H'J1IycTpaQIUIMn:l-nrp;,eH1h" 2 (12), 'COq:.1t1i 1929 ..

~ 9. 'BQ.QH: eCJUU( ~,'_ ,_ OR MaK.eJ.J,OH ~ja I.~ lOA ,~946 MRHIUi.

2,9

Kane ce naora A,e.Hec 0183 3H3Me He IlU e n:O],H,C1Jj"O, H~lTy Aanl') H, rOBHO,T ORHIC e aexan _ noceono ny6nMK yeaH! Taxa neuec RHe ae 311,a,eMe co Ka.KBU 00[1 ORIIlO Be'3eH011 HliilTy 'O'A xoro Ii K.a]le?20

"

, annrre 'Ha-:F.'8MOlillHH HCTpa>KYBa1n3., ~,a ce H3J]leBaMe, Ke JJt3ABT

'"

onrosop aa ce lOT'O uocera :" ue osaaro 33, OBa lH,a-de, 'K.O~, e

'M:aTepujaJlH!o cBe,1J;o:mT.80 o,O:r apeuero aa H,nHH;qeHrCKrOTO ,BOCT3HHe H'a M8Ke)J;o'H','KHOT Ha,'poP1~

3H8Me 0 6(1',110 11'JBe3eHO DO 1902 ro~HHa~ Ha 23 jyna 1903

',- ~BH,a, OH,nOr CBe"'"leH'O' OCSeTeH1021 DO npnC'YCTBO' na QenOTO Fopcxo Ka:QanCTBOr,,,22 npen ~leTnye :'a Topna II ,-, a J1IOJlH8 Jlrel1.c1,Ptta, IO TOO: Ky'pa,THtl,J{,8Ta '-l,eTa,23 'nOTOa Epe»<:aHJCK3Ta,24 rCHUB W'I(8Ta,25 II Oln:I&Hll~lKaTa~26 OCBeTYBtllbeTO 10 H,:]BpUJHne

2D ~,I, 'CfIIOM1eHte,Me ,JJ;e KI DO ce Ifa lBil!J-ba'T,R HH Y'L!eCH ~II.tMTe IDO 11' III til H.Qe'H'~ C'lWl'()1 BOCT,BRUe. ro c.pei,aoo e Ir-e-TO t[8 Onra XPHCT,OBa-maTOBat no nore KJI 01 o~ cenere 3ar'topHlrrauUl' KUKO '8e::U!I'II!Ka "3 ']~'la,MeTO arro nrQp.,OILllHa H S'H'no nO,J'll,a,peHO H3 qenT,a Ita e~eH lO~oona 01.ll Bapna, (HnY'CTp3,QhA 'HJu-uIJleu'h 10,;2 (20)" C'Oq,HJI,~, 19291, 10).

21 nYK,a rpyn"me.Olb, B"'baCT(lH,KiLlecK,a I10rOTOBK,a na ,CT,PY'WKHJtl

,p'aHHIO,9"h~ B~ "Hn,H]llaeR"Lu r. I'll', lOp., 2t, CO+1UI" 12 aorYrCTb" n'9'23'i 2.

,'" rOp.CK HOlT wTta6 l1Ia O'XpUnCK..3 ra peaon ,y,qw'oHepIl-13, '(UCQ'J.'I u ja KOj a GHJla noneneua 1'113, ner peo Uf: Jlp MKO,lI (C-rpYWKH M Aeoa'pcKU) co pt!'Ol-fCKH oojnoAH nYKa r:pyn~Je,8 :14 MapKD Tlaaaea; M~UlJeC"jLa ClO Tace X'PMCTOB; Jl:eooPlla (ropna 'E{ ~olnna) co Ilejatl llHMmr-pon,=K,apnaT3 Ii rC'M.tIJle BojnarHos; IOpn KlOJll l(noM,lefy OXPH:A., 'none-TO H n1e6oJ,lJ!,a) 100 AprHp Ma-P-HHoB, " E3epcK~" or peOJlI CiD ojoonaT2l HUKOJ11J M',HTpee (BHA:": M,. :na,HlIle8CKIJ,;, M:C'fOTO, 2,1!61).

23 XYl'aT,Htta,,~ nna'HHH:CKO ,00 o DO OXpt1'JJl'CIW. Bo cenoro nOCTOeJIl BOCTiU-[ H.'-IlKQ CKJ1I3;Jl na npexpa HfieH,H npony:KTFf.

24 Gpe*a H 11' ceno DO OXPHP;CJroI., Ka,j een OIJlO 6H111 a HllrpaAe na +y na H Kyj:tiJ,a sa BOCTaHH~HT-e'l K2J,K10 " 00lllUHIJ;a D ,ne.K,Y,RI,J-he 1113. pauersrre BOCTaHU>UIL

25i CBHHHwTe~ ceno DO OXp"nC,~o. Flpercraayaano 1I1.0CIIl,t!nuo BOCTafillHil,IKIO ynopHwTe DO peOHOT'.

26 Onen '[lit, ceno so. O'X'PI1;QCKO~ Macosen M.Rca K p ce en y!l.[ M11I ~~21,Jl roneMHOT 36er DO hM,apKooo AOJp.{I,eu Io1J1H ,,,,PawalJ-le'[~'\ c :-leCT,eH: _WO' efy cenar Pe,~"lUI ~ K y paT~i ua ,H Cm:HlII H UJ re,

30

non Bacun ~ l-~J ay fi.1 A Ta aacon- UBeTa HOB':' 1 ~·1 npo!:'[ye,H,noT BIOj.BOa X1JIU:,O Y]YHOB"l~ 3HahH!TO Ollno OCB_'TlllO 80 Kyparuuxo ..

BO MeCHOCTU Bnmecnoeu T,HK3 urro, cnopen ceKaBafbeTO HBI enen OJl paxoeonarenare HH '01Xp11ACKaTa oprannaauaja, care OCTa'HI -~11 co CM';'f' aru Kann29' nOMHJtI}rBa.ne DlaKHysajKu 0 3~"~aJii~:eTO •

.i"

ea lbieTO (-fa rCTpYI iKOTO BOCTaH]!lq](O 3HaJ\1,- paeno nonexe

?vlece ~ll, a MaTe'pHjaJIOT sa B 31elDe P;06POB0J1H ' ro npn, O}KFIJ1e CTPYillK'1T,e yqU,Trf:'JIIKH Ii 1l1_'_eHK.H :0:3 ,i.K,eHCKaT~ P BO.nYIJJ![OHepfla opraaaaannja DO Crpyra: Cn3BKa 1.l,aKapoaa=nYWKapeS8 Ua pesa Ilepefiaaosa liJ Anacracaja 'l.laKa,po,'o3,. Ua cncuene ~e

iexa yurre eo t 896 ronana no H ~u~nJaTnB3 na Cna,BKH 11sKapo"" sa 80 Crpyra 6uJto OCHOB(!HO >KeH'CKO H!f!J:l,erI'HO Y1:.fJ:IJlllwTe30 1(;: emro IIlv.fa O}1;UrpaHO ronesea yrrora 80 npcceerynassero H Ky _,ryPHOTO '113,~Hra~e H3 :)I{eHHTe, opraaaaapaaa, K,aKO Ii '''13}K FIre, BO rpyna. M Hi!tK Y"~ Cnasxa 'LJJ:,a xapoaa norexayaan a on penon Yll1!l OHe pao cei • jCTBO, fiHna KepK,a na Teopra l.[,uKapoB, npareuas HO Type,KHOT napnasrear BO 1876 rO'~,HHa BO BpeMeTOr aa Mn Tx,a.;r::{-n am a" , O;QHOCHO cecrpa na Anexcaunap 'qa,KanapoB", Bl1~eH peaonyuaonep na OX'P,~cK,aTa peaonyuaonepsa oprraHHaaunja. Bo rpyrtara HMano najsecro ner no nteer )Ke:HH" nO]JI paK!OBOp;'CTBO H3 KO'Q3 XaIJOBa~ p;onrOrr'OJ(.HmH:8 crpymsa y1:mTenK,a, .. KaKO p\aKO'BOAlITe,HKH ce CDOMe_-_YlJ3!,a,'T ymTe Iii: AOlIja,

21 Ha y [\t' ,A Ta uaco B,~UBe71" lOB on O'XP:I ~A. 5l'IJlIl sme H ua rOpcKJ.1rOT UJTa5 I~J a Oxpu.qc Ko-cTpyrn K H01" pea n, Ce MCT.a:K to-l ill J1 eo oop61~T,e n pol ~~ B rypcauov aCKep Kaj cenoro Benue]. MuaKY, noxpa] aero, ., ei_ OB~t HllI Illraeor O]1ne YWTe H:: XPUCTO Y3YU.08'1 Aunou Keuxapo t ,ayM 3'.JH1Tapeo (care op., OXPMtm), A. ~IaK:apoD OJ); Crpyra a Jlaaap O,Uf'l.Urfpoo on De6ap.

2 Xpecro Y'JyHOB, ( 1818= ~ 905)~ MaKen(nICK~1 pesonyuacuep, )I ~I ec UK K BO' H,IUU-I A~ [I C KOTO BOC''f81,Ure K3 KO pa K08o]J,H,Ten na O:>q:n,f,AC KnOT oKpyr. 80 ~ 905 rOJJ:Ji ua 6~IJI] onrnnen OJ]l l''ypCKI'I'Jie BojU1UU'1 DO cenorn l{ep, " sa ,na I~]~ WU:llJiue X<~~B so n'lHUUT,e paue ce C(wMOYOIl' 'lae]J.1 0 CO I] sccramsr ... n.

29' A H • K il!.1.mK a p 0 B "h,~ '4~,. Hl J ~ '1m K OTO A 11.l"[)I{ e ~ I' e H"b OXPJ"~ nc' KO~ ,~H: -. 'H~~un!ll.eu'b'~. 'VB1. KU. 3~4,. COqUUl- 1'936~ 11 ..

)0 CTpy:tllK01·0 J ,JUM,ei A. j;I'I~1IU I Jl,reurlt,h r. V., Gp. 30~ r u~n " 24 IUJUI

1925. 4.

12.

BaM6an,ooa, ¢'>,aH"ja 'SeHnlOB3, napa Ilauyncsa, Mapa Metf= xapoaa H Mapa KHTaHoB3,,,31

3:H3Lho1".ero 6,0.110 H:3nC'leH:O' 'Ha upaeaa canna. OA ICHMfiollMT,e - Ha leJlHaT3, crpana 'H,M:a,lUl naa :wro 'KHue CHHI):U'P" 3 non "OOeTe :OMI1DO! llYOJIC:M:n: aa Typnnja, OIAOCH.o, n:on:YMeoe,qrO.HZl co ~lle3na

H ~

WTO n8B()T' rn ir,8.3D. a ,npenHB'Ta, CTPil'HaJ, e '[[peTCTBse H3 ;EJ;lle BOJ-'

lea :00 CTpymK8 uocaja BO can 'flJyC-T~lR 'R, eRN KO'Jl3H xojanrro DO nesara p'8'X8 IlP,)KBI oono '3H3Me, co 'TeMHO~3n:aTHH peca aa xoe mnnysano: ~,'CBOI60,Jl,a :U:,JlH CM'"LPT~ ,~~ a, BC p;eCHa,T8 paxa P;,PZH :M:e:q co xoro rn K'HHe CHHQ:Hp'HTe non HO:3;eT,e~ He,DO o,~ p;eBojK3:-

T6 ,Q npQ;!Tcl'll"!"'3I'D,(I;:Io'8' ' .. sc n P''!:I DQ'H' ]J- "1IJIi 'B 'R- "lJB'Q."l]i,Q H ""n '!!lI'!'j~".A"'IU'O- _ T'lip- m(~:H V',IinoU',Q 1'1

g ~ .~':, ~ .... ~.- .Ij,.p,~J. '_', ..... '. ,~·.~:'.u~ . P_:_ 1! '_~_.~~~'~. ~Ul -.~-~,¥,._tn. .. ' '~ ... _~.,:._I_. ,~vn'~~!!1

Jlaaer e 'pa'3rJiC'BeH 100 OTBo'peU3 )!CTa" HCD'pylKe'H ja,3'HK~, aapaseAU 'H'OKTH D, 00 nonarnara onamxa. Co :npelR~HH,Te HOle na'BOT ee Jlp,)K'U '33 AP,WK3,Ta OJ]; 3,U:3MeTO" a, co ~3a~Hlffe j[lIue 'Ho~e ra3H BCJ(BH3TO TYPCXO 3H,8M:,e ~oe,W,TO e 80 T,e:MHou;p:BeHB 6ojaJ! 'co' loona neTOKpaiK3, }I' uOJ1lyMeCeqn.Ha~ Ha J];,eCHH'OT aron e M1.Be3eHO' KMe1l0 HI, Crpyra, Q,KCI'JIY 3HaMe~OHMan:o lnaTHH peen, a H3

Bpmn!!"f'!i 'Ra-- - np- DIi:i1!;H8Ta 1!1'3uV' ~ C'~:A'peH if:j"~ VOi' w-,"if!A 'fO- -- 'fcii~pa- ~ -:---I~-"1I'"'fjj' H Pi! I ),Dv..~ l - J:' 1 H . I,¥ ',' y' -r-aau '. ',~u' - j l~~'~" ftu "'J JlU ,\.: I:Jl~, . ' lJtJJL."iI',l~

Majcoo,poT Hacre K,ePTHKO,B, :menU'O co TanO :MY;o3,2, ,3aaMeTO' bUn:O J]!'Ollro ,eJ];CH U,eT3p" S, mapoxo 80 CM',,,33,

Ha 3 aKH a ra crpaaa e n:Pe."CT,aBeH pasraeaea JIll'S 'KaKO 'Tp1lJa D,D nnen .. Toj e 'IDBele,R ICO re:lfH:o:q:pBe,:H ,KO'H,e,Q~ co e]:3:pa,3HTO :ZOn.TiI peca Ba;q Up3:TO'T 11 ;QeJl'OBH OJ); rp60T u: co ,ncJtR;ur.H3,TB onam 'V~I Co np-gl1·H~·T8 neena aora naaer raaa H' '3 '~1.'1'Ua-Ta on

g ~u.II!' .' ~_. ··.~~~~~JI·I.I__::_l IH- ," ,g In. 'Il _: '". '-.'!.II III '.,~. L" r-H .a", I ... _- "'i~

TypCKOTO ,:maMie, a, co '3aJ!;HHTe jtBe HOrle ro rasa pa~CK~llHaTOTO' 3,U8ue H3Be3e"HO' BO 3e:nH:,H3 6O;jia,~ neT'OK:pa's:a,Ta :0 non:YMC-' CeQHHaT3 ee IfienRlO

,J rn Mrln,D H"b Ma TOBD jl CTP~ xca H K I'Ta D'h pe,Ro..11 10'148,011 U,8Ta

50p 6a jl '.-jUno Hp,e,H'CK II ,11 H CTu, 2. a BryC'f 11938" Cot,RB, 7 -is. (CTaTwja nOA H CT aaenoa e ,",YOJu,nty oa 11 I HOI COO'PHH K"L ,,'H,JUI,HIe H b,~·j, '19 O~,-1922 ~ CO¢UII: t 69."73)~

32 ~JM1IHJlp;e.H,'b~i ... opraH'Hal 6WJUUH,T"B M,aKIe;.qO,H,O-OAP'",HC'](,U peI IlJlIO QHOH ep'," t 3~1 Co4u-l~ t 24 rona 9,35;, 'n n:u:le:o H . ~ n'B clii.~Ul 3U a M'en a Or1" Ii 1Il,HlIIp;eUCKJJtTO-n p e,o'fip,8)K e tl'C KO BIb,CT a I'll H'C npes '119 OJ, r ~" 'M:3 eC,CTH A ~ 'T", ,X ,,~ ID,'9 95, Corp," H '! c. ,fO~

],] A u. K,B'!,tK a p OB""L, Y,CT.'O~O.,

Cnopen CeK3.BalbaT3 Ha. DeKOD on op a.HH3aTO'.p· e H3 J(BII3(,elLeTO BO CT. ,YWKO" CDrOMeHaTHTe 'TP" Y'LIItTeJ1KH AaJle ne 0;0: concrseaare KOCH sa ;q;eBojK3Tr3 H8 3H.,a,:MeTO :Koja. ja C.lI.M·OOrJlH3upa.na Maxenonaja. Hajenory xoca nana yq __ e·JlK3T3 KOHCTaH.TRHa II peeaaoaa H Hej3HHaT2l ceerpa Ilapeaa.

CTpYWKOTO 3JI2lM:e Cnassa qa.:KapOB,3134l ro xyaana leO m.4 (11) jynu 1903 ronaaa, xora My ro npenana a aaasrenoceuor

.34 CJ[UIBK,a "~~r::rKapoB_a OJ;fna oCylJ;t!ua 11a CMPT, to no nBe .rO~tiUIllUtl 3a.TBOP C"tUI,a OCJm000 JlelHl3J+ 3aTDOpeE-f3 6"na H rOxplot,ACKilTa yqMeJl"s 'KJ'lIHj.a CaMapUffeBa L:I npyl"'M *J!}n~ yLJ,eCUH~,IKln FJ.O HJlU ~.ne~·IC:KOl\O eocrsnae. B~fJIH Kaj

ClIMeOtl Pa.rm.elB., Pa 1-1 H CnOM!e~i"H Co ¢l M_,fIJ 'I 1. '967'.

34

M.HnaH: Faros, KOj '3ae)]I'HO' co rpa . .o;'i:KIITe ~U~'l'H HBl .K·PCTO KanajI)HeB R Manaa Ilan-rea 'CHne HcnpareHH DO cencro :8eB:QaHH" 'K,aj B~jDoJJtH~e Jlyxa I'pymrea, Ja.KH:U ,AnY;UOB a Mapxo I'laanoa .. 3S

Cnopen ceK.a.B3]~a,Ta, na 'CJI[,aUKa 1LlaKapona" TaU~L 11.3:pa6aTIU)·[W, enno '3Hil.Me ymTe 8{)1 speM,eTO xora G.una, yqeH"m'ql(,a" ORHOCHO npen 1901 ronaaa, a UOToa cranana Yl{HT,en,K3, BO Crpyra ~ 3ua.MeTO 6H~no IOJ1\ :~pBeH{) .Ka.;U;;HtjJe~Ha e)l)fatTa crpana GUJI H3Be".· "leu' M:ane1LIKOI< . rraa co )K,OJJ:T8 CBHJ13.; u;an nero MOMa DO CTpy.WK3 aocaja at oxony aero 6une aauprana TOlD, ea6jia,~ nymxa sacarypa, cexapa, xoca H ;UU)I~ Ha ropaa'ra C·TpOHJa. UB, 3,H3,M,e1rO, :001 nonyxpyr oUn.,e HCRRUJ3HII !OOP()BD::: nC.,S.:M·()1 Kpyna e OCBo60It,H-' TeJI~1 OTh :n:e'TB1iKoBH'HH TpaYP"L,Ii',,36

Cnopen ICe,K3'SaHt8T,a, H3, BOC,Ta.HHIl.B~e ICon Gun,e 3aejitHO 00 3HatMI,e1'iO, 'TOa. 33. nocnenea nar GB'JmO pa3rBe3,H,Q BO )l.()B,eH AP'RM:~ Kon' Kora 'UpH: npeerpenxare xaj n:YKOUo,,31 n.OKOu38 ,Ii 36a}KJ];H.J9 00 Manecnjara, 33 ~a 'He .:u:a;QH:le DO panere .Ra TYPCKEl'OT aenpz-

35, MapHja J OMHOBH.K~ YqecrOOTO na jI(,eHHTe OR OXpHACK3Ta peOOlly~H(n~ep"a, OKOJlHjl3 DO :HJiI UllAe IrU:,Kmo OOCTaH He,~ 36opU'H K 11111]" u,Q,en '~90.31' CKDl1je,. 1'970t 2:4l0~14:~,. HlIMeD, H~" :HCTO'JiO"

311} A,8TOpoT CMeT3, ~eKa ce N.Men" sa J(:pyn '~PHAP,QX A. I'. (IUUJPP f'riedri:cll}I' ,:ml()I Bropsra CBe·11C,f(3 aojaa CAe" ,oJ]; HajlooneMHTe. repMaH'CK'H MOl'OnO\l.l·H 33. :riPOH3,BO;ED;,CTBO HI. 800'"' MaTepHjia,q '. Illum.Till 1~6PH K3 fhtJll3 OCHOB3U3 I :811 ron~ sa 00 Eeeu, o~ 4l pH:p;phX Kpyn (1181= 1826). '80 '~, 902 rOJDl una Bpa,OO'" Tyuan:3 43.000 pa,OOTHHu.H. ll!3J ICDOMelHe:~u~~ J,l,elKB opy}K;~eTill! 3DHBll1fOHa.fllflO pe,m')JJYUHoHep.RH :m.BBEeJL3, npe.TCTloYD1IlO npo(ineM H! Kqj Op~3"Hla.U;Mja!ra My nocaerysana 'pe~HCH U;~1Il0Cl1.O 6nU~M:aHHe. OCBe.R UJTO ce nO,~UtHyBaJIO :ElI, eaMOBOOprY;>KY ea.n~e ~ [3 penon yu;wo:twepH liTe OE.pY;!11 '! o'py J.KjeTo ce :Ha6a.eyBaJl 0 CO C11~"f\e Cpe~CTq, '1M no CK'fe MO;ttHH KaHanu. HajnoBe'i.e H roa ycn:eWHOI,. '1'\01 ee Ha6a;}y sane OJ. By rapaja '- f"pllm,Hjla 'H: A,l1'oo~u'!ljla~, OP.HOCHO Oil An.,ooc3H ~ K3KO if 80 CaiM ara 3eJJJja,.

~~n lIy KOBO~, eeno DO CTP'YWKQ. So 'o:peMe"ffi\O no mlCT'a Elu,em GR,na

u,enOCHO ~t3roIPCHO ..

,3,8 JIOKO~, ICeIIO llO CTPY WI KO, ](:i1l;f:. ce BOnene >K.ec1l0KM CY,.QHPH Mer,)'

oocra'HIiUl"'JIe M irJPCKMOIT aCKlep.

39 36a.)KJlH.! ceno DO CVP'YWIiO. 80 'Hero 6HJIO o~p»caHo npeJDl-' eocv3l'itP-mlGO COBeTy.R.11The K3,Qe {i'lule On5paHM ,tenaJILJ'H sa na rH Jf,IeKyM~,T paneTu;Te H 1fj()J1ll HI1'1'e a:OCTa ~11MU;;H ..

35':

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jaren, ro npHOpHJT M,JfJ1laH arO'B"IyBCUjK: " ro ce AO B,p'~lK,a·,eTO BO . - pyr.a i HeKO" Bpe'.Ie '3HaMeTO' GallO ~,[yBaHo H8 Ja01n'aHllua.,,40 a nO-T(J;3. 6HllJ'O 0 teceao B'O Orpyra Kaj .eopru Iaxanapos, HO 6e3 cp 5peHHOT KpCT KOj 6];Jn naxane 3a.ryoeH~4]

Kora eopra ttaKapOB ja HranywT'Hll I. Tpyra. BO 1917 ronaaa roj; co ce6e ro len, ,M' 3,HaMr8TO 1-1 ro llYBan 4'0 .rOJlHHI1. Florea He,rOBHTe n,O'TOM~H, JOPJI(3HX3 M,HJ1'tl,,lfHHOBa-,LJepH,oma, 16pa,T H H,a:Y,M Mu:n:3.AEHOH 11 Hej3,HHMTe Jl;Ba CH,Hlm KnHMe:HT H Hsa'" ro npe ane 3HH_,M,eTO na BoeHoHcTt'J!PH'CKH'O'" U"y3ej BO IC'OCPHJ,8l, Ka~e lllTO H ,):teHe c Ice q:YB3, .. 42

OXPl1JlCKOTO BOCTAHM"l.IK,Q 3H'AME

'in,eHoIBHTe H3 OIX'PIl~:CKO'TO xynrypno-rrpocaerao Apyrn:TBO "CD,. KJlUMeHT,n, (C03na~eHOI DO 1885 rO~BHa.)~ neKe Ha'pe,;QH3T,3, 1886 rO~HHa HH 1 j'yJIH OCHO'BaJle OXpiH~C,I(,R TaeH ,peBO'Jl:YlI.HO,H,epeH Kpy~o.K (OTPK)~ JlpymTBoTol " KpY}J('OKOT' ycne ": 0 ;qenYBaJIe ce ~Ol . 8891'90 rO~HHa, Kora, fjy,ra:pc .'. ara ersapxaja ra YK" ana. Ilen, nax, OIA qneHOBHTe ,_a Ilpynrrsoro H 'Kpy)l{OKOT~ ce pa36'H:pa leo HOBR q_neHOlBH'" Mefy ,KOII, HMaJlO H )KeHR, n3BHO 'OA penor na OXP'H~c.KHTe ,DB en'eK,TY811KH, DO 1892 ronzaa OCHO-' Bane ,,He~eJ1HO yl[MJlHllITle"~' 0;0; O~neJi]r : 1.,1J1e,H'OBB oMeayBa "0 . :

K8KO np'YUlTBO .Apceuaj" BO 't'I',eCT H'3 nocnenaaor OX'PH;D;CKH a,pXH'en]JICKOn~ 1{nello'BHTe na npym,TBo~o HM8 . ne sanaxa J1t3 H:M nossaraa'r H3 CHpo.M8WHHTeX:3,K'O H emraur HeJ];eJIHO na H3BeJl:Y'naa'r H,BCTBa3 sa o:nHcMeH,yualhc D, ,npOC,BeTYB3H:ie na ,)K:eHlfI'\e BO rpanor, COl iKeHC'KIIO'T ~eJ!], aa ApYW,T80ro paxoaonene y~JJHTlen'''"' I(,HTe: KOC"T8,}lIRH3 I ~aC,TeB3,431 Bacansa PaJMOB3, Krraja Caxap-

40 J~.Fi -g 'IJII lUi - - a ;i"!\PJII"'"' H..... 'C- '-". KO'

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42 Cnacana Xncapm.ruxa-Taueaa ,3F13MIUhaJTH C ,JllYMHlUiC

,~CBo6oAa lin} CM"bpT"1bu~

,~[~ Kocranaaa Haerena Eej'alU1'esa no M,3.}KOrr PYCHIIO'Ba,; popyM O;l OXPMA. OA 1900 AO ~90 l rOnHua y-.m~t~eJilcTByNou1a DO pOJJ;1i IIOT :rpaJl~ 3a :opwellie na P31,KOBO:tt;Ha n;OJilIKHOCT ,onna nOC'faBeH3 'OD 'Cl'P,UU9l 'tUI, OXPKJ{ICKHOT

J)He.Ba., Arana llIaxona. Bo 08a ApYlllTBO rn UYBan3 '8 l\!laJKaT3 :H3 XPUCTO Y3YH10B, Aaacracnja Y'3YHOBa~44

Bo ~900 ronana :uajaKTHBHH CQlpa60rruH:1IJK.'u aa pesony ... · :Q;H:OII.epHOTO IlBM lKelflJe. .BOI rpanor Dune OX]l~lHnC'KU:Te y'~)lITe1fJ( H :, Ba.'cnBK3 Pasesosa, n0l1HXt)eH3 MacHHoB '!' Knaja CaM'3pIIJ[l:l'eB3- K.oHcTaH.TII"u.a . a TeBa~Boj31UHeBa" A'THna Illaxosa 'H' IcI>'D.opa I'eopraesa. 3a. Aft ja C' peQR fJrllBH3TaJ 3KTHBHOCT" ,en3.:px·UCKBOT MlITpOno.JlHT Mero;qnj aaj pBILH ia npeseecran y' m·· HK8 a. Iloaaxcena :80 ntfX.·~leBo a. DIOTOa H Knaja Caaapaaesa DO ceno-

T'O Besuana, CTPymm,,4S .

Ilo rrOBoj[t IcpopMlfpalL·eTO H8 npB3.rr8 -rera aa opr:a'HH33QH].B'" T3 'DO Ox= H~CKO 80 M3,H3CTU:POT "CD. ne,TKatm~46 H13 23 jyHH 1901. ·rOAH.HO yqeCTsyBaIIe~' rter oxp·ufaHKH .. M,ety HHB 6HJ1C AHaICT8- e ·j,8 Y'3'YHO:Ba, MajKa ua Xp 'CTO' Y''lYH'OiB '0: na Hayx 3.n·aT3·pe·s,41 .>KeHaT8 H8 AH~peja XPHCT'OB; H ynrre ABe .JKe:HH .. 48,

peOH'CKH I(iOMll'TC,'T·t a 6Hna II' qnC'H Ii3 paIGOooJl]lHmn Teno aa ,rpa:,Q.CK3TB pe;suJ:ily[tHoHepllii ,oprnnH3aQHja 0 'OXPH. Ilpen uea If y~"renKaTa BaCHJ1Ka P,a3MOBa _sana KneTBa. BHaH: B~ ,,~aJC.'eloHcKM DeCTHi.\ r .. J, COcpU.R 3U~ X.~ 193,5, (j,P'~ 38, '1 .M H lurOIl a II e:TP OB'b PY'CHHC.K H, 'PeB OJ] Klq,H O'UJ H n IOOpOH 'It'b, OXPH'~C'O (Cn:OM'CSU), 194], S91~60.

44· ·Mapuo.a, AHTOHOBa, ICnoMeuH aa MajKiT,a H' ICHHOT Y.3YHOBM o.;q OXPMJl, nCTpeMe)Kl.i'~ XII2; npHneIil~ 1965· Bepa 'BecK08MK-·Balu"e.nH,. MaKe,qnUKaTa '0 HnH";q,el~cKoTO BOCTaHHe'r "JUIHAe I 11903." CKonje, 1'91'70, 1'93- 201.

4-5· Ma:ll:n~j,a JOB8HDBAK. aeroro, 239-254';i ·H·MKon.3 n. PYCHHCKIt., Hem ...

,~6 Ceo uaOP3 so c. Benreurra .. O,Q C1'ap-H01' MarKRCTHp HeMa :m,~[yBaHO HHWTO~ Cern. e lJ080M3rpaJl:eH. Do 17 HeK. npun.ataJ1l, ICOH u.pKBaTa !.Iee. Eor.opoa;ln,~au l(nCB. Kn Me'uTC4i) BO OXPHJl. He e nOOH3TO BO Koj Bel( finn H:trp3J];e [-J: 'fi'eOOB"O'T ,nrp:oooHTe.H ooj tK,T ~ SMAH: Benea an Mj a ~ Ilper ne~ ua epeaHOBeKOBt[lt qpK8H It M,a aCTHpH 80 M~uCeAOu.~jIB, Cxonje, 1990.

41' HaYM 3n.a:ra·peo e oxpafaueu, B'Rn ''-IIH!ll .llIaJ DlTaOOT ua oxp"uAclCa~ T3 peBonYQHoH,ep'H3, nkOI.lHja, (s", -H'lUn[p;e}I"L'u.~ '1"'. IV, 6p. 4, 24 aarycr 1934~ f ) .

.t! J];3 .. ao ~ K ~CeJIHn~leDJ nOlJJleHCKaT3 cny>Koa np'H BM,Tpew-

RaTa M2II.K.'ep;OH.O-O,npHIl-ICKa pe.DOJ1UUIUUJIJ,nulIj opraUU],att;IHA npe,~H H1iIi JDl,eH, Un. ~!H·J1HJIJJle.t~llu, VUJ KEL "1 (71), CO$IH.5lll, 1936~ 8.

37

,C',O o6j,a OY,l3aFbeTO na ,I1J11'""JJ(e.F.lTCKOTO DOCT8HUe" nero pe cnOMeHflTMT,e. P'-,,aJX'OBO'}l;HTenKHl ua }KleHC,K3"I",C]J op,'.f'a.:H'H'3iil'UHJ·a 130

l - j_

Oxpan, (~AHOCHO ATHH3, m.aX.O'B3, ,KO'HCT,a,'HTHHa Hacresa-

6oja.U'IJ:e03 :H' nO,n:H'~ceHa 6aCHHOBa, T,aj,H'O peurane p;;a 'HM ceo npHKJ[YlJaT na ,BOC.T3,fU·\I'l;U(]ITe 'qeTH. Ho, DO roa OHl1:e cnpevena, ce Bp,aTItJJil~ DO Q,X'Pldl;Q H :pe·WI1.1I,e J!);3 COI3p;aJ];,BT ,6on.H·MQ3 sa n:eKY-' :ua:fhe Ha BOCT8.HHU.lilTe" 60nHHTe 'H, R3,H'leMOWT,eHIITe 6er,anl1H OR sananeaare ce,n'8,,;49 BO'JIHII~~aT,a ee aaofana 80 nopaaenmara

srp a, 'n'? Hl-~~I M," ,.' ([A'T' . p ',0,. no 'flnl''-]'" ~~T' a !I'.II 'B, " '.0,'., U: y~"~ '7'? 'T"3' H' a" ox '. 'P, , " iIl'Tr": "lI ae 'Ii to ' T

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OXPiHJJ(CK3Ta peBOnYIl:H:O':H}e'pHa OIJ!:ra'HH3aQH;ja 6UB,a e~IHa O,n aajrorresnrre 130 BHTOn.CK,:UOT pe,BOn:'Y~HOHepeH oxpyr. Bo 'fU?;j3,HH'HOT COCTaB, aneryaane 'OX'PUJlIC'KO" I'opna H A'OnHa Lle6ap1ll8., Manecaja, 'CTPI:Y,WK:OI AIICTPYWKHOTJ )lpHMK.o,n,.SI,

O'X'PR;QCKcrro BOCT3'HH'tj](IO 3"Ul],M:e, 6n:no ,Hl3paOOT-eHO cnopen :u;qejHH,oT ,H:St1!pT RaJ. OXPUJl;CKHOT 'y,Me,THU:K KII'U'MeHTI ,3a'pDB"" 'QY1Jyn:ejKOB.S;2 Bo aeaersero na ;],a3MeTO mTO 3anO'~H.aJ],O :80 ja-

49' N., 'K" 'M,ailcKHjl MeXAH=oe,.H 1-1 OX.P,"IC~,arra 'OOJIHHQa, 11:,11.

HHJlIJUI~en"h~~" 'V'[[I" :KH., 3,=4 (7.3-74), C'OIPJU1~ ]930, 13; AnCKca,H,Qa'p' X,PHCTOB, OpraHIt,l3 U,Hj3,Ti, na MaCT,a ua B·OC,mHH'!JKI,Ta Te.pn"f().lpHja,,~, 'HJIIHHl,eH{;,KH looP"U K 1. 903,-19 Sl~ ClQonje~, 180 ... 181, co

.50 'MeTOJ,M n.alT~le,B (181'fi-·l '902) e plAeH' DO OXp'M~., Kasn y~IfTeJl 1C't~U'i~Jl pa,J{OOO)lUTen ua peOHl~'Karn, opraaaaa ~.j.a., Xepojc,1( Ii ~arM'U an 1902 roJJ[H f ta :u,j KaAH'tIO Ceno, n paaencxc.

.51 'M. 'Da "DeStKlt,~ "C,{7110 ~

32 Kn l{I Me'H'" 3a poa e 'POA€;H :80 OX.PH~., 3l.'ejJ;li 0 co Hemn«y C·,BOY corparau M e OC;H.lOBOnOj.B;,)JKI4'~ K a9 H" JIlT)' pno ... n PCC,BleT.HOTO' lIlpyrnTRQi i !COOnJ' 'KlIH Me itT'~'~ eo OXPJ1,Q 10 ~ ,~Ul5 ~O,J1t" ua, Be 'I r.eOOBaT"8 K YKa, I' cnopea ceil sa I-b3Jrn, H8 Hem',BHOT' couapo,p.Juu( 11 'C-oOo-peQ, ee no~aJlra1lla KneTBa. co 6a,kJlyb~nLe, Ha K'p&T :11 c3),oja,. '80 ~ 887 :roAHH3 ,cnOMCFU3J1"OTO llPYWTOO ro H1c:npata :80 Cocluija~ Kale ro '¢;opMH'pilJII rnKa,i~llrpe'l{eHOIfO OXpnJJ;CKO ]J.ooporroopl-!o Q:pyrnT60" Toj e C(}CT,a By M'~ H 1tJ3A3.na,Q H3 K,ap-m,rn ~~Ox:pHn ~ omnHjaTa'l '. Cpe;Q)CTB3.1"a AOOUCH H On ill pOD.a~6a, 11'131, oaaa Ktlyr3, eb-!,;n:e, Hcn pal K2lH H na trorope c 11l0M'le:u aTOIlVO AP:Y WTBO ~"C~U::T" 'K,J1IMMeUTu ao Q,X,PM.Q. 'HH'Jilfl,: ,Ali'1i'iCUI''b K.e:IllKalpO:Bb,~ H1"'L C1I10Mel'lll.n M:tI. nope aon £0 ~H01l:l' U OTO AIB,IIl!( eH He B"li, OX pu:.n;,C KO~ Ii,n • t,'~'[J1 H Jhi,ne II "'Ill '\, K,U. 10 (30) r. 3., C'OCpUfI. 19310t i ~4 H :;,;S"bICT,aJ1Ulte,TO D"h OX'PI!ACKO npes 1,903'\ KIlo '=8 (193:3).; :l9.

38

Hyap:l~ 1903 ron 1,1 HCJ. 130 ~YKTI"nl Btl cn:U'\~eHa,Tl,l rr Yj\'U::THUI\ 'VlleC'TBvrHlneVtl 1:ITt! .. fJKUTe: KOHCTardT[[H2l bo1'avneBa-l-lacTeHC'I ..

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[:nIHa ,A.. K,eL1, Ka pona ~ no Jll],[K'C etta na,~)'~,I;H KO sa '. n OJ] 11' xce H a rvno=, C IrJ' H'Q,B(.It,~ A na era CHj a Y' ay fIO aa n np yr}~ ]f(,e ll' t]:; ~ 1: u ~ n a 'l(T:I] ,~3 ~~ O"~TI1 ., K.(]OC:O H1TO MO)Ke na ce rUl.jlU o,J:t rtorope pe"~rU~~HO'fO" 611JU~, n01HaTU u npeA, u30'ym:Ui,YS(1[neTO ua '1rIJHlH)l.e'HCKOl'O BOC'J3,Hue.

Bo C~OIlTe MeN[o\apCK~1 sarnrea ny6nlIK.ynUHJI 8'0 nO'BeK'C 6yrapcKM' cnacaanja Ii nJlycTpauWl~I' n03Ha.T~:~OT oxpnncsn :penonyunonep on U'peM{~TO na l(trm~n-In;eH'CKOTO B'OCTaHue AHTO'H :KeQKapoB54 ro onautan oXPU,.QCKorro ~lHaJ\1e KaKO ~fOll1:He y.Oaeo, a HerOBDTO oCBeT},BaJ-L:e saenao co 'CTPYW'l<OT'O BOCTaHIIC{lKO 3Ha.~1e", '[''0 ou;eH'IIH' ,Ka:KO c:oe.qe:HIl[UH 80 npl,ICYCTBO Ita B,HJIlH'UTe HOjBOJDll~ It I BOCTaHt.u~". H,MeH'O~ osa 3Ha'M,e 6n]lo, ()C.BeTeHO npell oxony 600 'BOCT,a.HDUfn If ,)K'UTen FITle o~ ,M:eeHOCT8 Ky pa THl,IK.H 'p f~JJ;, co ona rocnoa ail, CBeWT-e.HH:KOT lt~' 'peeonyl.(HO'H6 p Bacnn A H reHOB OA eenoro Jle mana, 33 :JAn Llef.beTO na 3Ha. MeT-Q, N, CopnaTa, 360pyBClJ1I XPWCTO Y3YHOB~ ,8;. rtoroa co weCTOTll:U:H BOC-TaH'MllIM 'U co :pa3H'eaHOT'o 3'Ha.Me nOMMHan :Hfll npyrsrre ceII13 BO ~e6apqa H Crpymaa Manect~j'a.,.s5

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H'03e, J1IaiBOT J3 ,1tP~H ROLJlYMcCeq nara, a co 3allHIDe ,H03e Ja rasa

neroxpaxara. nOJ1]-YMece1UlH3,T8 II neroKpSK3iT3 ee U3Be3eHll co ~OJlT KiOHeu;~

Oc:o,ny J1a~BOT'" :8.01 lJx>pM3, aa Kpyr co TeMHlocpe6pe a ICpM3 e lH3Be3e'U TeKCroT:

C- ~ H' A' 'M' H EO' rFL, HA' np'"'1:.. n'PL M,' O"'M1'I'E-TA' f

", _. D :...' " ,', ,'n .' _: ,i _ _ LJ~ ,D ~,') :" ,.., _' ", __ ". ". [!iii

nOS,E;IJ:A,'TA E HAl ,A" OIX,PI1Jl~b 1903 rOI,~"

41

Oxorrv oso] ~tlV}KeH TC'KC1"' GU' HeWTt1 noxranu 6YKBfJ ~ ucro

,~ I ~ r. __

F"

TJ[{(,] CO C aeopeua cp~la e rrJ.Be'}CH T1!KCT'OT:

~~TO'3~b :K'O'Ml~O rIAAl-I,E m. BO,Itt. 3A CBOEOnA TOM ~IE YIVIJtIP,A, naro )l(A,JlE5.IT~b

3EM» ,VI, H'E,B,O 3BEPb :H n,p'J1,PO)lA

11 noBUVI nrc,CflM 3A HE,ron,b~IT~,~~56

3Ha,f!.·~e1l0 6:n'}10 BO' rOJn~.~IIU,Ha. 108,2 x 84, eM,,57

H3'Be3eN,UTe nesojxn WT,Q ja c1'l,M60'J'lu'3HpaaT Maxenouaja H3 OXP'lll~CKOrrO H H3 CTPYUJI K!OTO 3'Ha~1Ie ~IM aar CJ1I1Il.IHOt(!T,~1 co ~e,BojKa,Ta co xpenaro 3H,a"~,fe m,TO ja ICltfM60'nM'lUpa, lIl'pa.Hl\l1lja na n.naTHOTO ,,-,~Cno60naT~ rOI 'BO,nH' aaponor" (l831) na n03,l-mHTUO'T ¢paH"l~ycK11' cnuxap iK~ Ilenaxpoa (1798- .1,863) nop.; ·(J:~le· 'OJ1HI-' janae c.~leTaM·e A'fK3, !6une HJ1IejHHT'e T'130PUff'f H3 OX":PII,1lC'KOTOI It. na CTpyWKOT'O peaonyuaonepao 3H,aMe.,

E~eH Mece~ npea 'H36y.BHYBaae-To aa Mn:II";n:e'HC'KOTO 'B'OCT3,=' HHe 3Ha~,f.e,..o My 611:110 npenaneno aa Fnasaaor urrao H3 OX.PIJ;rJ:CK'OTO ropcxo :HaQanCTBo, .. 58 ,80 Te:f(OT Fila BOCTHH11J,eTO nero J[O

e

pa "3sea,J].,B, t_IeT,8 Ta, aa n.'p'OICJI,3.Be:·HHOT r..1aKeAOHCKI1], BO.'lBOJl;a

O.X.pH'r,a,.Hen:O'T X'PHCTO Y:J~tH'O,B.,

560'sa. e TeKcT!. OAl:l'OCHO '1-:Il3Ba,~O,K oJ]. CT,MxOTBopja aa Gyr,apcK.HoT peBOJilylU~I:oHepj noet t! ny6ntl.LU1CT Xpucro SOifeR, n:peWlJl"ell 0]]1, oyrapcKH Ha MaLK~JmOi tc K 11: j&31i1 K. :r nac~ :

1'[0. ,. Toj J K~~ 'K e aa rUH,e DO 6op6a aa CJlO·OO,A3 ~ To jl ] I~e y M' IfI pa. He ro :1i0 ::«3.Jl1 It[

3eMjl3 iii rn1Ee60, S'B.e:p lit np'H'pop,a,

11 noersrre necnu 1a nero near", Xp. Bore~ I( ~,848,- ~ 876l

51 Aa. Keuxapoa-s: Cn aCM u,a Tanesa ~ ]In;T10TO .. I1' .. r:n~e::B, tilL; 1fI'C'(IOTOI. )'S OXPM)];CKOTO pesonyunonepao nJpCKO m-~a't\IaJtCTBO iIIO epeMem na. 11JntUIJIlelou:Kol'fO .ooc:rionnH~ 1"0 couunyaane: AI1'T'OH Ea .. Keuxapoa on OX.P1Hlll' po~eH ] 865 :rO;U1]'Ill;, .XPIMlCTO Y'1y IIOIl OJ:m OX1"IIIJ]' ( 1:8.7191_.1903); HaY'M Haxapoa on CTPY r3J I~ 18168 g ~ 90.3); Ha Y MUBeTM ~ [OB, on. Ox,pMn ~ pone Ul I, 873 r'\OI.JJl ~ W a; Aneecannap ~blKapoB o~ Crpyra (l,s69-]'909t HaYM 3,J1]2],Tapo.B (J,lt O.~pnJJ. ( 18 7 4~ 1903) .lr1 J1(a 33 pi n 111 M ,~;TpO H, OA C .ITUJa po n DIU! ~ poneu 1861' ,ron" ua .. ! I( r~. I1.rUHllf.lf.H 'b)1 r. ~ U ~ ,op. ] 0 ~HrpT '1'923. L.

):leJ1 on i.leTaT8. aa OXPHACKH01' OOjBO~ Flerpe IJayn .. B 001 p33BeaHOTO lHaMC (Oil lOFlpKarn 001 My3ejorr H3 M:a<eAon~Ja on C~on~e)

Ilocrojar 'nOJ{a,TO~H" Mety ~'py HTe~ nexa ORa 3U3Me, H 'OOCpenao no ocrrooonyaa ·eT'Q na M:a.Kle~oHHjai' OJ)lHOCHO DO 19416 rOl{HHa 6,Hno, npenaneao aa H3l1,HOH.aJlHHOT BoeHo='HICTOPHC.'KH:

My3ej DO ICocplnja,~ zane 8 Are'He'e ce ,ysa.,Sg, Ila 'HanOMeHeMe 1leKa ~ocera nOCTOD CtlHHCTBeH8 noanara q,OTorpal¢IHja na nen 0' '-leT8T8 aa O'XpH~'CKHOT ---:·,ojsO,IJ;,a. Tlerpe " aynea (1882=·'1924) sa

•

KlOJa 0 ce nena passeano 'OXPHJl;CKOTO 3, .aMe,.

3U3MeT'O Ha Kpymeaexara lU::Ta., Ka,KO urro DHillyBa. H3 tero, nenec e H3J10JKeHO DO MeMolpujaJIH'HOT My3ej aa Kpytnescxara Peny6JlI:HKa BO' Kpyureao, Toa e peKOHClp'YHpaHO cnopen OIIIU'COT WTO '8H' ro OCTaBon' HH.K'ona KOPOB, Ma jCKH6D mta.KY

5191C,. Taneaa, I-ICTOTO. HJ],.J;leB VI... ,tCTOTO.

60 ~e]';llIp"h Tp,a~KO lin. ~J1.rUHI em,", KHm 3 (43ls COtPH.R~ Kpytueao H Gop6n" My sa ceoeona, CO¢nJAt ] 935; CB"ETnOCeHK.H., BUJllIH1"b~,

43

Ol3HflT xpyurescxa peso. _y- HOH'ep' a.K [lrlBeH' ~U~CHUK BO H2IC~ TClHHTe on ~ 903 ro UHaJ W"f10 ce eny-rysa I BO rpano _ I] OK,onH= HB,T,a. Cnopen Hero" op rU:HanH'OTO '3Ha~~e no rropasor ua BOCTa,HHUHTI,- ,E:l8 nHTy 'I ynl-'I aa ~IMe\IK.IH KaM'eHh O:l4nO IO)lUe-, ceao ICIO U;peWOBOTOr TOWle ,-0 Q3pll1rp\a~, xaxo TpOrCjlejHu npenMeTll~ HCTOT() ro nUU1:YlBa ' XPtlCTOI ' '~nJa:HlIOHr, OrAHOC,HIO J]leK,a 3H'8M,eTO 6HlIO sanneuero on TypU:,H1"e 'H Ae'Ka ce-lyB3 '80 TypCKltfOT BOe 'My3ej BO Ilaparpan, AUTOPOT H3 !080jl T'py;n; n 'IlI '(]'OCeT,atT3 Ha C'nO,MeHH,LtHTre, na xynrypara '0 MY3eUTe 80 UapnrpaA6l. He Ha,jJJ:,e no~aTou.H U1TO 60 ja F10TBp.II:nn'c ~O'HCTaTa'lltHja.T3,H9, norope CDOMeH3T'UTe y',n:cHHQH BOI MnH'H~eHlc,KoTO BOCTHHHe.. onarno A,a cnossenesse Jl:eK3 ljJoTorpal¢;'HjaT3 na OB3, 3H M,e '38 n'pBn,aT e 06jaBeH3 :00 Hn, ",11nHH~eH1:ti!.' VII 4-5 (64~ 65)1 COtlJ'H· - t935- 10~

3 :a . eTO na Kpynre :CK3.T3 -rera

1942:; rropQH.I"b HayMoB~-nnrBKO'T"'I KpyW're~'c'l(n :BO~:Bna I HHM

(pa K,on,HC lM C onje, Enoneara nn Kpy ureso, C'O(~rnA J 19.55 (paxenae) ..

G I H'HK" K,HPOD,"b-Ma,llcKU" I'pam, Kpyureao n 6opfh~T~ A,f,Y ']3J ~BQ60Aa" J1,n:~ ~,i11uulll:,eU"L~.. V u, 2~,3 ('62~63), rCO{)}[R,. 19.1,35, ] ~i~ 'CUllS)HO:B"h. Oc oDop;HTeJ1uwT"h lo,-pfht ua 'M'.aK P;OU1UI,. TOM"lJ! np"'blBu~ '"nun ... ~eUCKIO'fO BOCT~UU e. CoqnH[~ 1933, 313,.

44

3Ha~i[eTO na Kpyureiscxara "'r.eTrt 6u~n:o! Han'paBeHO, O}l upseaa CBUJI' na TK,aeHl'lHlt .. ornuaeua co }f(OJl'Ta cp Ita 80 1'1 M _ Hl!/UI

L25 X 77 'C~IL Ha cpemma'ra co 6necKano :>KORTa CBI1!U, ce "13Be']eH:~I: ~Be paue WTO' ce paxyeaar Han naJlMOB, BeHeQ., a san pauere 11M3 sa nanen cpaKen, tJ3,B . e _ ,1-Ie 0, TaKa, co )KO.HTCl C'BH = na, Oxony 'H~~IB e HaTnH,CO_' ,~ICM,"E.,pTn, 111U1 c.BOIOO;n;a -, 3H3Me aa Kpyuroscxa-ra I_leTat~. 3,HaM" 01 6H~ 0 onuraeao 00 ,6necKa~ 80 )J(on '=_ cpMeHH peen }l;OnrH no 12 eM., a na QeTl1pl:tTe a, lint BR'CeJle C'p'M,eHH ITUCKYJlll O~I 20 Ch.f, " Ha ro'PliHl"OT xpaj HB npJI{.anK3TB "Mano 'Mprro:oel.I.K3 rnasa Ha~ p;Be BKpCTe:HH ~OC", H,~ a 'HaJJI rlU1BaTCl 'KpCT. Ce.TO roa 6Hno n03J1'a1"el~'o~62

"LIeTaTa 'nil nH1"Y rynH

(o~ ~H.QOT Hal M,Y3ejol" Ha MaK:e~Otn1ja so Cl(onje)

Ha e;q;Ha on , 6jaBeHHT, ICPO orpa4J:nH H3, xera'ra ira IIII Y rYJlH63 (ueJJ;O'BOJlHO ''I,n~~:cT'O) ce rn:C)]!3 3'U'aMe 80 'PCJiUJ;e.Te. H'3

6.2 'M croro ~ ,~ (~16) I' ,COcpiiR! 16t ,41l-48.

63 nUT, Fy JlI ~ I( [865 ~ ~ 90.3), no rrore K JlIlO e BIlUI8,. 3apa A" pe BIDI Y = ueouepuara nejll-!loCT DO ] 885 mAnlia 6MIT ~laTeH 0.0. TypCKHT,e :onaCTI1 M :la'Jio'{et'J 00 3Ji10r .rnilCFUI01r 'lBTHOP (TBpnt1Ha) llMj~f~eKH"p 80 Mana Aauja. Bo 1902 rOn~\1 na OMJl rry'UJ,Ten a.m. 33TOQe:l-UUlITSo., a se.o.UIlU nOT03 co uerara ce Haot~ 0

45

..

BOCT8Hl,IKOT - 3HHI\11eH'OCJe~~o rOpfUJ~~'lOB. Henocpermo npen

60'p5aT,8 Hc] .Mex "~; ~ KaMle I' ~ nUTY rynu npen 'CBO~fTe BOCTaJ,-' HUUW, :Mefy npyro JO Ka)KaJl: ".~., l-06oA3, ana CMpT e HanHWaH.O ua Hi utero IBOCTaHl<lLIKO '3H,8M,e. nOD aero uae ce 50p,"~"~e H ja H3.BojYBa.M,e cnofio ,ST,a non aero "e Ice 6u'eMe, sa r a. ja aanasasre Aofi'KeHllTa c,Dlo60p:3".,164 Kparxo apesre noroa, Kaj 1:le,rn,.{a.T~ xane WTO cJe H3.0ranO 3HBJM'eTO, nanaan 3H,a.~ 'eHoc_Q'OT rOpfH nHMIOB~6S 'HlerO'BOTO M,eCTO ro npesen HOIBe CMyrpee 66 80 ,n TOj

~ 61

6n:J!l yoaeu,

Tlorparara nOI 'OpnrHHaJIOT na O'BOj pap TeTeH Ma,Te'pH:janen o6jeK,T' on speaero 'Ha I1n H~eHCKOTO BOCTa" e Ke ja n,po]lOllJKllue no HiT,3MOWHH, ,e Hallin acrpaseyearsa.

KYMAHO I::C~OTO BOCTAHH'IKO 3HAME

OHa e e~HH't:rBeHOTO opHrHH3J1HO 3'HaMe O~I apessere aa HJlHHJI;CH'CKOTO BOCTa.RHe WTO e 3al.lynaHo xaj Hac H xoe e l,DIe'u10- HM.paH.O ,80 ,HCTOPHCKHOT My3ej BO K'YM3,HOBO" 3,U3Mle'T10 e CO'-lyB' eaao '80 Jl:,06pa cocrojea. HHaleY', ~oa ce no 1916:5 I"OI;QHH8 ee naora ,0 DO C05paHHcTo aa OnWT'l1:H3T\a.KYMaH,oBo" a co q,op," apafbe'JIO' aa MY3ejOT, roa 6H11'0 OTCT,aneHO u,a osaa HHcTR~yltHja~'681

M'aK,eJ~OII H,ja. 'y ~~eC'rBy laJ!l BO Un H I-I]J,eH,'CKOm aocraa Me: 6pa uej Kit rM nOc}KQU MTe lUI !!Me~IKHH : '·BMe ~~~ Kaj Kpytneao, KaJ]l,@ xepojcKH :tarN UlJl H3, 12. VIII ~ 903

164, 'H. K,. M'aicKH,~ KpYWOBO" HCTI01'O.

65 80 O;A[penOT aa , ('IT}' ry 111 ft Ol rpaner ,fjMn e n'OMOw til H UlR:: eexpe .. rapor Koery Eo::«tUr.OB, uerosaer nOMOWl'UU( Craspe AJ~1l;pe'BCKH, lU ,'"

"'"

M,t!: ~ I oce 1.\0'''' r op rl~ ll:H MOD H .DLP yrH rpaJl,CK Ii BOcr.3 t[ Ii ~(1. Bn', H ,: Fe OIP r,n

TOM'aJWe,Bc K H" K lPY w escxa ra pen y'on H K3l C or~'H Sf , 1968,~ ·M. " ,a Hp;,e B c. K H" HCT'OTO- 296.,

66 M UCN It Me. AeK3 Hose le'M 'f rpea IOHn 6pa T ua .nO:Uf3T,W aT eenex I oojoo].ta lJ;u _,Ie CMY rpea OPl ceno 06plw:a ~~ ~I'I 'KpyrnescKo.

67 Xp. C~IJlRH,ODb, H'C'f'OTO': H,c-TopMja, ta Kpyuieeo " KpyweBcKo, KlUfr,a npsa, K,PYI. se 0, 1'978~ 23191

68, ' :140A par A PC!QBCK'H-60JllTO., 11 380pr: Hi Jl'OK Y MeHT,M: aa Aej ~ IOCT3 ua

oprnJJM~u.HJaj"T,a BMPO, eo KYManoBO 'H na KYM3HOBCJ(~T~ pe.OHCK3 ~JleTat ~,1Sece,Qau! r. X~ II, 6'p. 3'6 Ky, 'a~IOBO, 19,86, 716-1'9.

46

PeBOJ]y"[J;~HO:Re'J:n~I',8l,Ta opranasamrja na K YUanOBC'K3,Ta osonaja npen H no liJIU:HJl;,eHI'CKorro nocraaae ee naorana :80' OOCTaOOT aa CKOll'CK'norr peBOJIYUlHO'HepeH OK:pyr,.69 Tlo OCHO-

a ~ ~ ~

saaero na I plranH3aU;Jfj8Ta. ~opMHpaHa e, D'OKpOJI npyrare

qeT.H~, II KYU3,HOBC,K3,T,2iJ, peORCK8. xera, npernOCT~lB'YB81M,e nexa,

II! Iii

U'aj D~:lh'lf'intl ":Ii, T'UO" U' e UO''JA' on' lJ::feT1tli"Tle '!:iI1'VO He H CT.J'iT'im lI'.II-'L,j';G1 xe CDO'H

n.' , ,1Il!i~ r-Ji[;~, ,1l~1I,' ii' ' : 1 .n,; : 1,1':.11, "" ~ ,:a.".h rJl,.I, " "a.' ,,' "I, ,ill. , ... ',,", 'ii' I:'JLli.VJ.u,,,:L " I,',

I!!I ~

uteTH'U. :JH8Mlllb3 iii CO RHO, H'OCejKH f'U:pa3BmOpeUU'!1 Kpc'TOCYBane

FlO 'KYM,a]iQ'lBCKHOT xpaj ao 6o,p6RTe nporaa rypexare BOjC:KI[,

..

K.YM3JIO:OOKOI l~tJc.TaHHqKO 3lU1Me

(npeRUal C~Ha) '(3_8JDl1ta crpana)

69 T,ep:H'rO,p.nj.B'T3. Ma, M,aKeJloH'uja :801 opeMe,ro UB. :U'j]]ll!l.QeHcKOTo 6OCT,3,HHe 6Dna, nO~eJ1lleH3 H2i, ner peOOJIy:QBOH,epmm. OKPY3U: COJlYHCKII" Cepcsa, CmnCK.H, CTpYIB~[K.U' H BHTOJlCKU, KOB o~ c'ooj'a ICTpaH3! 6l1ne no,~e'I1eHB na peB01rn YD;U!oHepHH peOElIJ (.oKrnDIlH')~ '80 C:&OImCKHOT pe;BQJIYUl'uoHepen OK pyr, oeaeu ,KYM~ni011CKIHOT 'peOH (Ol!ro1il'Rja,) IBn:e:rYlJa.1Il1e'l ym'fe: CKOnCKMOfJi',

Kp'-nona'J]''Ili 1'I1 .... TTrnJ.'T.I'~ K'InI'JiID' "D;I'">UTJI.i!"1I!T! vo~''[t!'31:111'''iV'H~' 'Di .... ne'i'~iii"f.ii·U.t"li.i'!i"i i'Jf m'TTJli'TII'" it..-iiiji'Q' !TO

_ ~ I r.I-~ :__'. itil_. ~l~-:1.J~ ""'lJA..=If,lU W., .. ~ ,,~.u-, ".' ~ • .Il.II,~,IJ·l!'.J:!L ""'lJiu=IIl-,..ri.. !Ii,J(iJ, t <JGK;.I.~ ... LIJIj~jLiIDtVjJ, I'l. " ,-U=~~l'~B..IU..· ;_[lj"1Il

BHJllJ'l K3:m .Jby5eu Jlane, HeKOH, BDeHO' UrpaBlDiIJ l"eJm~, If yCT~lH08,1I npen H, DO BpeMe H(ID, ,H'mm.n;emC~OTO BOCTaUHe HI HlIDHOIliO lfJYHK1J;HOHllpall~e,!, (300P'RJlK) MJBlH~J1teH 1903., 'CKoll;je, 19110.

47

KY'~~,~lHO.8CK.OTO IBOt;T,l HJ,'I !<[KO '3HiJ~:[e e [[PJ'paOOTt!FI,() ()J1 ITJl'aTHlO ~~ xpenca -eH co ttpaeua 6., ja, co ,. n~leH1HJfJ l'r x 76 ~l\I~'. );rl nenaa n ~eCH'21TR crpana .. K(1K;O I~ aa Jl,onHUOT nen Hi] ]Haf\~eTO ce H30 ~aaT peen 1,0 60',"a na CTa1;)O 31HlTO'" o;a no, 'C~t. ;:tOJ1)f(,nHa~

l, !II t

Ha enI'H"1ITH C'T'P'~I-H~I:l 80 'r~pHlTlI'OT nen rmruy a r~An!fA "H- ,-,

,(, , 'M" u, ' " _ ~,~ ,L .. - " v' _ }",JII' I, f'I! " .. III ,I !",L, ' ",' r 1.- .II( Il. ,,;,,-

Jl,E H]' -, ~J," -II 61y K 8U ce H:J Be3 e H].i:I, co can e H »;:On'T KOHe~, C'O pa~ '-ifiep 9~5 x ~ 7 C~1.' ,On:l<H,Ha 11 7 eM'., UlI1fPO,t]UH2L Ha JJ;'onHII,Q.uen C~OH '1903, t,f3Be~jeHa, "eTO' TaKa co' CBMlneH }l{O,nT KOHeu~ ICO, 7 eM' '. ~,on)l{ II ",lID ,HI 10 ,~,5 1(;1\,1. ura p OIUil. H3 .'

Ha cpenm 3T3, Ha osaa CTp3.'H3 e nacnnxana 'CIJiHrypa aa BOCT3HHK 'BOI ~'On)KnHla Oil 59 C~,I. Toj e npuK,aEa:tl co rryurxa FI' loajo'HeT BO ]l;e-CHa.TiJ I{I pass ,eRO 3HaMe 00 upseaa 5o,ja, 80 nesa-

.!!ji p'Ca-K-~' 'ijj, ],'H--'a""ero i"'"Q 1I'~Ir;n.,:t-w-'-'aH- -'Iilll 3'~""'P"'O"'IB' :fT";o le'--:' soooaa '1'1' m'M

£1, . ,0 i (III ,'~~'l" __: ..... ""'" 11:'1.... If.l en· ,\J'\J,' "'.1 '~ u ", ' U, .I-'!t" 1'1..!'JI.'

CM~IPT"'h,'~. Ha rpamrre na BOCTatHU:KOT ee rJ1eJJ;,aaT J];,n3 BK'peTeRU: penenaxa, OOnleK3TB " xa-nceror lvJY ce O~ aarpea 'a, 601a~HocH O':UU'HQH. Kocara My e AOJlra 'R HMa 6pa~a'ii Floapuraaara 3aJ~ aero e oooeaa '80 pa3HH 6CU<ll, ,OP.l'HOCHIO ropHHOT ;o;e,n ICO' *o.nT-e,HhKa-' 13a 60]lll, a A'O'JlHHOT e co 3eJle:HHK:aBH' TOHOBH,~ xane ce npeTCT3- seHH nnaH""H H cOHQ,e BO MOMenT'OT H',(l H3rp, ,m\' , ' e,TO~

'OA rpare CTpaHM H'B, 3HBMeTO Ice ,R3,Oraa,T,' ~OJlTH mM'pHTH WI1:PO:KH 1 5 eM'., Ha :WHp'HTHTe MMa lopH8MeHTH DO S:HA H3 £PpM3, H3pa,6oTeHB, MCTO TaKa, o~ )KOJ1T' ~OH'e'~~ nOA cexoj WIfPHT ce

".

aaoraar peca,

Ha aropara crpana na KYMaHOBCKorro 3:HaMe, BO ropH·.IOT ,PieJ1 Ice H"C,RUlllaHU 80' nsa pejra 300pOBilTe: OCBOEO)l;EHA M.,AKE~OH11LH 113,Se]eHH co. )KOJiIT CMHneH.'OHeq aa M'B mana 33 aeaerse. a 8a )1;1 nHHOT ~e' KY'MAHOB,O BO passrep 6,5 leI. BO ;qOJ]lKHHH H 6 eM. BiO urapo-iana. Mery lOO'pOBUTie :80 cpe~H~ aa a ~ H8CJJ:'UK,aHa aaesaeaaa "IO~la 'BOHC,Q''-JIHHa IO;tII 57 C~L II 48,5 eM., m~'pOl.rllHa~ Ha r.D,aBaT3 HM'a 'wuMuja a H2l T.enOTO KOlllyna, enex it cKyTHHa~ Kourynara e co oenn AOIJl[rn :p3K,(l'BU" Ha, npenaaor Ae,n" H3 paxasare, KaKOI 'H3 .O.1IHIIOT .nen aa K'omYJ1'aT,a H"'1a 8e3,. CkYTH HaT3 e co IlIpBeH.a. 60 ja co opaa Me'~i Ttl O;rm;M'8JK enOHCK,~I'OT Hapo~eH sea, Ha ~OJJHHOl" ~e.n o~ C,KYTIIH2Ta u~~'a c:lJpUl' co ,6en3 upaeaa II cana 6o~a~ ,H.a H03, ",e: HlVla onanua a ~lopLl:nJIITe ce upseua lrl y'KpaceHl.U C'O op't~,ahfeHT",. Ila nancue-

48

•

HeMe nexa HO"':H.1~rr~l H21J uacnaxaua'ra MOI\1:a <i O]];HOCHO o.up;eJ1HH

Hej,3MHH ,tt"en·O'B.U ce OJ]; pa.3J1JH'IIHH xpaaurra na Maxenonnja. WTO sna !t.Ut Jl:,eK3, raa ICI~1.6o.nl1:~lHiO npercra aysa Maxen 0 HK a"

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HB, panere Ha nenara nOB,p'lUHH8 3:lJ]I aea ce rnenaar nOJI'Haa '0 n:n3,:HH:J.I.III, noma, CO:H1tJe:BHTe 3paqH :DO MO'MeHTO,T uaaarpeaarse'TO, 'K3.K,:O' CHM,6on'u na cnoeonara.

3a. nenocao nOCTalOY'OaJ,Fbe H3, 3Ha Me"FO " o~ neBaTa M ~eCHa-

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'fa. CTpa:H8 :n 'DO' cpe'AHHaT,2 Ice 'COWlll:eHH T,pH. raJT3H:U: o~ mORT ,KO-

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sa paparereu ,rrpen,M.eT C-O MY3e]CK,an J~OK,yMeHTa,pHa, SPC]:tHOCT

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70 Bo BMTOlll CK MnT OK pyr r~r~UJ rtara J1 e 09 Me peona (0 Kon ]+Ut ) ~ 'K'HLlellCKA, n"p'"HnenCKH, ,OX'PHJlj,CK'I1" J]e6apCKn, ,KOCTYPCKIiI~ KajnapCK1J " ,nepiJ[HCK1~ m (Jby6e H Jlarre J HC"fOTO)..

1] A 1'.al.t~aJC, n'03ali'iC,6; (~8,1'O- 'I '9'4:5}t Ma.K~JljOH{;:Kt{ 'ti'3J~MC)H:a_n'eH paeo1l1Yquo EU:';P on Barnna ~ rtopaaemea npeTceaarreJll H3 0 Kp:yJKH HOT KOMJfTeT' na '(lHTOllcKarn, O'Pr3HII3al~Hjia1 '1liI'J'.Ilell aa r.naOl-mHOT wTaIJ na M·JilHLhfA,e11C.KOTO OOCT,afJ He· D BilTon CK HOlT oKpyr ~ I [a. n pA'DpeMeH01'O :n pe1'CT8!BH H W.TBO H.8 6MBrnaTaBMPQ~ no.iTnUC,8.UK, H,n anenor OA 9 Ma'p'r ~'9] 9 rO~,HHZl., EMHliPHpaJI BO ByrapHj.aKa~le Ii nOL[I'IH2In (30mu;o ()e'x aa D,~I{;Tann:e~ Hn~ nH:JlHU,.u;e,n:1./\ 1937" mxp KU. .3 (83), ICO~juul; ICnoM~uH~ paxonnc, P;O',KYMe.HT.aQltja, 80 HHI1.t

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14 Apceuuj JODJKOI (.W,884-1924), HCTI,KHalT ny6J1HQHCT. noer It pesoJ1IY'l~HOBe_ I. P'OAeH e :01 n;eoopc.F«rrO ceno ICeJute. 'GMDaKTHBeH PHIf8AHIt,K Efa Y'IeMH ((MOT K'pyJ.!KOK 80 BUTO\UCK,.m rHMH·a]~ja. Ilo M3TypHrpaleT'O DO ~ 003

E Be nrro 'l'J M'a 380ene)KaHO no csoare cexanau,a onTonC'Ka 1"a yt.UfTeJIK,a tI enaa OJ]{ 8e3~f1'J-m K RTf na 3f~a.''''1eTO q>OT[;m,H «a Ilerposa. : 7 S J" ~. Hav ,c Hay ftlUTen 'K.11l re Ion r panor HH lUllI'O)K tI j a na H3,Be- 3eMe uoeno lH3Me., Pa,60TeBMe FlHTeH3IIBHO 1M' Toa~ ce pa36Hpa C:K.P"111HO. O~ naunrre IC:KPOIN.ffi·l1: IlJ13T.11 }l;OlSpOBon"H:O onsojyBt:lBlVle cpencrsa leo KOI1J KynynfiB:Me CB'l'lneH.U TKaeHH:H:,H' U' ,~pyr Ma.TepHjan norpefea sa Se3el-Le-T'O aa 3HaMero., Pa60TeSM,e ;DIeB:OH:O"rf.HOI; jac, Ba.ClIJ!I.:K3 C"f'e'QJ3H:'OS3, Il. .X:PHC.TOB3lj AHeTa

IC' nap ODa 0'-': 'J[t.;IeB3 A:,' cnacaja 'n'·iJ.l'M'oDa Ja' K'T"'M'O~ '80::1, B"!lIC'.:fJ)·il!"'JIi n

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Ilerpoaa-Kapaauoaa cnopen CKM.Qa"T,a U1TOI HJIJ ja Aa~e ;l:aMjaH rpy,eB'~I·~N5 DO Bp~nta,lLeTO o,n 3 a TO\.leHIlWTBO , nO~TlO'LIHO' crrpora Benarnea 1903 ro'AHH3" Hexonxy ;rm;eHtl npen socraaaero AIle. Ilopee, on:arajH.HK na BHT'O'J[CKU.o'T penonynaoaepen ,KOI,M:UTeT" H'e 3a]l;:o,n'}KR' ;0;:,8 H3pa60THM'e YWTe OCyM ,;qplyrn :3U3,MH:-I1:t3, 38 (»I(OHHHTe., 3a :KpaTKO Bpeue ra 'HspailSoTHBMe CHTe, DOTnOM"orHaTH Ol;q B,a,CHJlK3 Jlaseaa, Ilapacxesa Anesa a YW1:le 0'1( H.e.KO:8' ~p'y~rn: ne~jKH:~ CS'MO Jopnan n:l1.ne,pKaTla71 Jla.~,e enea H'3.=· nOJleO.H., 3,HaM.HIL3,T,a I'D pa60'TeBue :03, TaRa'H'OT JUl.. nesrrpanaoTO :y'tIDJlH.mre H .SO He~onKy Ky.KH DO 6\11111']IIU3, aa ·YlIHJlHWTeTO,. Pa.!f)()TeBM,e nosexe o~ enea 'Meceu~~

OO,QRlla ~J] YIl':U:CTDO 'eo HJrMH;QelwC'KO'1'O BOCTaJHUC. Hamnuan uoe·Ma sa 'BocnUHIe'IiO KOj anrro OO'TIIJ HaJJI. He~j:aJ sena M lep;eH roo B ece] n'pen eM prra ,. ,80 .nepHC)AOT on l'92m JDj,O 1.924 ro~JiHa, >MIUl-een ,00 Byr.apHja KaK()i :n.o,nHT,H,~KH, eMMlrpaliT., T,3M Y '1'10 lt3Jl3B3.n DeCM ".KOT rr M,1.lH up;eut',. 'So 192-4 F'o~ltn,a tj(l.t]ll y6He H DO Topna :UYMaJa (ne [iCC 6n,aroeurp:lit) OJJl MH Xtaj.J1l0HM'CTH ~K HTe nJ!ll.a:reHH Q,M •

1S H~ EOT1eB"'b, HC'TOTO.,

161 Jl,.ElJMerlllY'~B, (.~ :8.71-1906) e pOJl~n 00 cenoro CJ\ufneBO~ 1iH1'O~'CKO.

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Ui

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[OCH'OBaHO MO)l(eMe ;q;3 TBPAHM!e ~e,Ka 'OBa 38[ .M,e 6uJlO ODHeceno '80 Byrapaja 3_ WTO H'aot,3Me norapna 80 nOKYM'eHTH'fIe H

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M:,:,eH<', BO ,0: CMOTO aa AaMe I'pyea ,D ATB"H3C n033H,':ECB ynareno RO' Bopac Capadios 78 sa 1 S'i' .1.1.., ,1'9'03 I"OlnHH~:'·,~. nanrysa

78 Bo.PHC CapacpOB I( 1872-1907) .. ncrT,cKu,y,san on tlespoKO:I1C 'DTO ItenD n·tf'aXJoBO. n'pi n~ra1J fa necaoro K'p"1nOI a M,aKe~,O CK.'IfITe peBOJlyu;,UO'IH:t!PH. BHn: npercenare, ""1 B'PXODII' OT Ma,Ke~oHtKH KOMHTeT BO CO<PH·a.

52,

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A ene nrro, Auren ,Q'HHes,,- Mefy npyrnre cexasassa san an: n'.' OTKilKO ro saaene (Caparpoa, pyesa) n ro K'OMnt 'MT . pa, TOj H ~RHH1::fHOI ce nOJ1IRrpa co Hero, KpaAejKII My ro H :HnHHJl:eH'cK~orol WT3,6HO 3HIM,e., KJOe 100we ,e;qHHcmeB,a"I'3, .. op .. J1(OCT' II Man 'COOMeH aa Aa~j,aH,a., Toa ce CJly~IB , a. 'CneJlHHOT H,a'I:JHH': enen ;.qeH Caparpoa My 'p: £[e aa na.MjaH ~eK· Ke '01ft na ra noeera B:1rO'peHHTe eena. Meryroa, xora Tp,rHYB3,:m,e, AaMjaH 3a5en,elKa 1JJ;,eKa roj rOI leMa eo cc,6e m aOHOT-O 31-UlMe, a ro aanpama .Bopace 30WTO ro 3eMam: co c-e6e, wTa6HO'fO 3"ja.Me~r~

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Ha T,oa BOpHC 'MY O'~l'ODOp'H : .Ke OR,3'M na ra 06" KonaM: pasyp-

HaTHTle rena 00 pasaeano 3H.Meu• Mefyroa, u:aM'ecTO BO pasypH'flTHTe ceaa. Caparpoa TprH8 38 By.r,3,p'Hja, H ro RHCQ;eHHp,a cpaMI03,HHOT' npexex H3 ICOq,HC 8TB lKCJl,e3H11Qxa CTaHHll3 o~ C:rPSH8, B3 6J)arlo~apHYTe My co¢~jaH 'B~ upeJJl ROD roj HftDHCTH-' Ha ~ponecpllJl', pa C'O pasaeaaoro 3" asse., ~ "81,

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Be nOqeroKOT na ~ 903 OOi]l,lIHa co M8IKeAOHCKHTe lIC(e;TH (KUH rHl roqHH,YBane MaKe.llOtcKHT,e ne~a1llWpH: o'n Jiyra,p'uja) npes 'HHyBRJI 00 MaKenOHI.(a Ka,Qe nrro H3 CrvuIJIIle,BCK'IH1T' KOfU"PCC 6it'n H'36pa1ll 33 q.neH lila. rJ1IBllU:Of' 'tIm-rall Ha M8Ke- , ~,OHCKlt1l'e DOCTa uM UH. Ha PHJlCK'AOT KO.Hrpec :001 1905 roI1lH H3 6H ocyn;el~",a ,eM pr II nory6e H so 1907 fOJlU na, '

19 JLy6ea Jlane, H'OBlJ JlOKY' e~1T" 3aM'JIMl~,eH,cKoro BOC'faHI'U:~ H Kpymeaexara pen yGrrwKB, f[n~tUteHcKfi 60_lll1K 1'903~ i 9,5,1. C'Konje~ (,QOKY'Me I IT lfip~ 34).

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S I. A Ire11: ". IH}{IeR.~ MnH'H.l(elJ CK.aTa enoneja, KJUfr'a npsa, Caonje, 1987', 371610 B:mAM:, Sarafov aclame a Sofia, La Petite Republlque Soeialiste, 'P~f~5, No ifJ??, d 11. xu 190~, p.2"

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oerojaaara My:mjcKa ,ROCT,a.BK,a aa MYlej'OT Ha MaK.e1J;OH ja 80 Cxonje,

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Bo nponerra Ha 1903 ro~HHa" DO KYKYWr83 aartcxaane

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8,] KYKY.W ,tiMan ~ 2. 000 »::HTe.R"~ a .KYKyrnKaTaJ O:KDrJUt"a 35,. 860,. O,Q KeN IfBI ~ o. 000 6HJlI e Typ IllH II Q,nr,a U 11 iH ~py f-,H. I'par-rero ee E [80ra 40 KM., no Cony". Haeeneuaero ee 381flH '(aJ ane co 3,.e- fjonenHre" crosapcrao u p,u6apcTBO, So npeMeTo la Ban K3 JI:CK" re nojlll M ~ 9"121' ]191 ~.3 rO~M ~ [3 6H1I0 uen OCHO pa3ypll:l'3- TO Op, crpaaa ua rp'.uCHTe ROjeKH. KYKyrn e pon1i01''O MCTO ua Foue ltel'_~eD H Ha MrHlory PlpyrH BKAH'M peBonYLU10ue;PH M np CDeT",T~'IU:t~, (AJlGIYM "MUJ<e]lOIIM:Ru, CO+ll ! ,~gJ, I,) ..

541,

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(O~ (~01i;o;OT Nt) MY3ej,oT 11 a M'aKe.o;O}Ulja 80 Csonj e)

U .. ·IBeHOTIQ KyKy xo BOCT,HHlHltIKO 3HBMe 6.DJlO H3pa60'T,e- 0 o~ Pajaa 113M.npnFlcsa., cnopen anejna'ra CKME\a 0';0; MH.QP 113MepnIleS., T3,TKO' H8 nponerepcxaor noer XPHC_O C:MHpN:eHCKH e, 84, Cneuajanao l.\:pueHO ICBH11eHO nnarao sa 3Ha~leTO Ol'lDO xyne ,0 DO Conyn, a ro KyIDlJl8 M')f]]Ki3 K.OBa·le';·a~POMalIOIBa., sa :Koj,a HeM3Me HHK3KBH Q,Horpa'lpCKH. nO';EJ;8.TOQ;H. Ce TB'p;rttH AeKB. osa 3sa.Me xaj osocramntare ro O~Hej)a :MJ1[a~a a 'KyKymTK3. YIJHTenKa. AHa Manemeacxa, tep'K3 aa - ~,Ko,na Mallell1eBCKH,,85 K!oj 6: 1I ,~onro,:rO,J{UJDleH sepea oopa60THHK ua Tone )leJ1:'LleO 'It: aa J ase CaJm;3HCKH. 86 Ese eAHO .HH~epeCHO esenour ,80 ofija'eHo '10

84, XPHCTOI CMn:pHeH·C.K.M~ RH,[I!e.H KyKyWKH, nponerepcxa noer, QJ1leuysan eo yqWJUtlill-vtflO .Fone JJ(eJftleBu KOeWTOr OlLTlO nO-MarBHO 0", npo! pe.CHBUQ-' ra MaKep;OHCKH ,eMHrpaU,~ja, DOl C~'H;ja~ 3aeAHO co IHc't3.KnaTMTe KOMYltAC.Tn 80 TOa Bpe'Mle: HM Ko,n a, Tpaj KOia, CMM"~Oli K.3'Bpa.KH pOD! )lH M IiIT,a p 'XarUK:M KT~pe 0" H.H.KOJ}R AaHem .0' X'PHCTO Xposea ICUTe 3arMElaTlI KaKO xelPo~.

,SS Tyme B1I8XOBmi 'KyKyW It Hff'lOBOro M(n[aTO~ Corp.n.H, 19,6'9.

86 Pogc:n e .~ 875 :ro.Q'Wl" a 801 ).KUBOn He !tOTO cen I] 811a xJtj '- WTlO ce npe- 1iera BO nomrre ~ia nerennapuara , _H'PHil nnaHHHa.Bel nO'T'OJileMO oopa300alut:e WTO :r1Q 3JU10'~lHan so ~Y~lFllH~ ~enec ,Cwllxe }JlMMHTpoB 'BO EyrapHja) KaAe poAVI:'felllllTe My De a, tracenea H' 1T1 0 'K peene I [C'K.OIfOI accra H He ,. OA ] 819 MAHJla 3anOQH8 - na ~IHTa peBon YlltlO~U.~:PifU1W, 1IiIHTepa Typa. - oa My IIOMQn1arrO O'A H3 jpa ~ HaTH Mn3AoCT jIl;a 'rH. npH,*aTH M~e.fI-re H m pHH Ll,H:rI HTe .Ala. Tone Jl,en 'U~~8. 33 H KID Tojl!, lie Of 5o'pH en :J.KH.iBfff H i:e H M ocraae eepea ee ;Q,O CM])T'T3. 130 eJJ;H8 n pn roP;fI peson: nHHe 11.e ee 6o'pHMC se GyrapcKa 3J(e}J;01n(s, T)'Ky sa MaKe.rt;O] H.~a ~Ul Miu(e~,ou ~Hl'e I MaKeA'OHHj 3. oCnJOOo;o,e aa o,~ Tn pa II ~tja ". 33 opxolnu:Tu.re J a ~ He cexoram npercrasyaan "T]ll:1 80 o Ko;q , asa mTO THe. I'Ta ceK3IWD H3il1HH ce 06unYBa,JIe A3I ro y,fiHjaT .. Toe My ycnear 0 nponerra 19'15 rO'Aluaa xora Jane na'TYBajKU Ion MeJunuc; KOI!~ He:B'p~)iKO'l1 naA.~a!m '180 330eJ1;3 na DPXOBl1CTH1~., tKOf.a!), 6MJ1 'Ii y6rw"Hm TaKa saapuran lKMROITl07 na OBOj MaKeJ];onCKft pefto.T1lYU;.ltOHep , nOJlHTHq:a,p~ ~oj CT,aH3, nereM_a aa M:81.Ke1l0HC'KH(ff' IUlIiPOA, lHapeqeJ~ !,nHpnHCKHl uap",

lliy6Jlba H·C.KU·OT 'Beef) HI< "IC'JIOBeHCK11 I-ffi,lPiOA •.• 0.[( 26.. VI] I [90.3 ro~t~Ha 130 xoe ce ooonlllTyR~. 3£1. aK·TliU3.HOCT3 aa BOCTaH~n.-ll-mTe,:· , , .... E,J].·1i13Y no 'KYKym Oll~le ,llH~[ c,e B,Ollenll rone~ta 60·p6a. Mer'Y

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Mllory )KeHll~ OCO'Delm:O xepojcxa ce ,60pe11l:,a y'~IHTenKaTf] xoja 'HO>OI::,113 '3HaM:e,.~~ 3aaMe"f\O cassa ro nanpaaana ~~ ro 6paHeJ1la xepojexa H: yl6una. 'TpOjU:3 TypC.KU: :BO]H.HqH: .. ,.,"~7 (ce '~T1~cn~I na O'CYMHaeCeTf"O;D;HWH3T,a Ky.KymK.~, y~ll.'lTenKa AHa Maneurescxa, P0lJ;,YM: O,~ Manemeanjara .= H. 61.)

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_ 0 .Ii Jl "1 ro'~HHa BO ." .yKyW Y IGTeJlCTsYBana .JJ -

ronanraara AHa Maneurencxa, soja caxo enna roi)l;lJUQ, npen T,oa, YlJena no 'CO·.llYHCK.a'Ta rHMH·,a.3eja H' ()Hn'a Cs'piUl1eHMI.:IKa na K:PCTO

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.ceH08~ ·~.oralceHOB, rio .HHnyW.THn',::cyKyW co CBOjtlT3 rera,

co nero :l3MU.H3.n3 H. A.B·a Manemescxa ... Bo Jl,:UOpOT :Hal. cenesara Q;pK:Ba DO Kopaanrop, Eaauesapnapcxo, K8J]Ie WTO' ;rJIOlwne H

, ~ ~ , . '. .~ : ...... :... ..... .' _.:' A> '. . ... , .... - n···' .... 8,9' ,,1'~' . I' 1::'

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3H8J.METO' B,a. KYK,YWKaTa QeT3... oroa, ,.·····.pCTO " vceaos ro l-3,M.'O-

JIR.n ceJU::K.HOT c:se;WTeHHK ,;t:t.a :ro aeaxa co AH',a .. 91

81 C·rpat.lICKlJOT nesa T' sa MJlI M HJJ;ell:cKoTU ·BOC.T3 tW ITe, CKonj,e., 1'953,.

88 'KpcTO' Aeenoa (:n87l .. ··~ 1903) OHJJ O,Q CnH.oou. ·Y·OeJJ;e:fl Ico~'MjaJilHI~T I~ 6epet~ .13. :Ma,K,enO'I¥IC IUlIfO peaon YQt-IOHepHO uen 0 ,. Ha n,Y,[UT,ajIK H rH tTY nJe:HTC KHJTe K.lEynH~ eranan 'j'J.IH'feJ1l H 'peBonY,Q;HoHepeH neeu, 801 rOpHOU:YMajcKoil npo.1'aey- 113ji:i.A, ce xa KO ,CMelll 11 'OOC,I«lM n pDM M;Ce~ ~ oope (ll, IllpaTHS Bp'XOBH3MOT. liMn y61oU! n "ttl nO~~U)J1I,eE-1 :H3tJHH (HaJ Cnl.H!]-!b-e) Ka.j cenn Kopuauiop, EHl.f1J.'eB3pJ.apc,K.O~ Hit 8, ,3:ofy'CT 1 903 rO'A:H ~ [8 o~ crpa 113l. aa n narer ~ IHlTf!: y6H j rullll lUI :op.xOI[lHCTH ILIlIKOTO pmKODOJJ;CT80 (B'I"uut:: ,1\11'1"On CTplawHMuJ?'b~, KP"bCTfiO Acenon CO¢Utlll;,

~ 905; Manaeae H, A prap, Cno.M elU~ j' Co CPl[,A (Ma! KeJlOI-K~ K11' nOM) c. 3-4= 35.

,S9 A nOCT.()n neT;cO[B., EI-m ~1l ue 83 PJll,a piCK li~ 'OOji.ROAft. Tpa na "'I rn.U)33 rw E-IIB.H Ha 15 sle.r'ycr 19 I ~, [OinK lila. I(BHIU4: Cn UM.erl H 11:0. C'a,[83 'M:H1<:ajiJ1l1om! C,KO 111 j e, ] 9 S; ~ )~

'90 'If DB] 1 '~o Kapaeyn ~j a T3J e po~e ~ ~ DO C eno Ka pac'y'JI,!1 'I Con YI rc KO. Bft n nOlBet::eli()~"rnern 8ojeO;C;:l FUll. F"eerenUCK3T·a OKo,n.HiCK3 ~JeT3. 3arl~llE:laJ1 DO >I).jop6I!1:Te n paTH B 'Typc.K KTe aojc K.H 00 j Y'J1:I' 1'9 05 rop;.Ju~a I{B.lIA~[: C'nOM,eH" ~t3, C., M'" xsjnoa, H:CTO·1iO').

91 Hea ja cnoaeuyaa H Toue AeJll"'~eB 00 nBe nHc.M3J OlD; I. 898! ronaua W'fiO IrH y'naTI-UIL Ua. iHlej'lIiU'Ui10T T3JTKO H'HK0JI3 MalIlf:weBCKIr.1. .B:"iU1,·: Foue Jle,n'~eB', n'MCMa II n'pyr.J~ Ma,,,~pHjaJ!!Ht CO~H:JI, :1 ~h57~ 160-'] 6,7.

56

Cy J]lD11H3 'ra He1 :.Ui.a ~ie.~O ua K:YKYlllKaTa -tera He ja 3,H,aeM,e ~ MO>KHO e uauurre HaT,a~fornHtl HCTp'3JKya3,ib,a )Jta J];,SA9T HeKOH

.

nIO·Ko'HK·"p "'Ii"H'II';l11 lUI' n C··o·np''''iKa]H' f1l1 no, na'roiru

. .,' ". •. Ii ,111'111 t':.1i , . ". "~" ,,," 1,If.!! - e ' H . ~'f'JI, ~

3a OB.a 3H8Mle, KaKO BnpO~I:eM H sa 3HH.Mero H3 KYKyllJK3T,a. \.1 era '- pacnonaraue co C'KyJJ;HH IC'03Ha:UMja .. HMCHO, ne '3Ha.eMe KO'['",a IOluno aeseao D, sane ce ,HJaOr,B ;D!,eHec, ocaen WTOI ,3H3,eMle xoja 6ena HerOBaTaee3,HDK,a".

Co lKeHCK' '" Te ;crPYWTS3 ICPOPM, 'pl8L8lI r£UJ KOCTYPC,K092 paxoaonene Y1.IHTeJl-·HTe, n'o,~en.eH_M 'no, rpynn, OOCTameHH O~I no necer X<C:HH,. Cexoja rpyna 'UMana, '0:0 e~H.a noaospacna II QeCH8 }l(eH3" TaKaHa:pe~]e'Ha ,~~IIIJYW'Ka/\ 'Koja:mro UMana, 3ap,;aQa ~a ,BO):tH P'A 00 CTpO a ,Jl;'IO:BepllHBOCT BO 'U3,B;p'myn3,lLero aa 'ROCT3BeHHTe aanaxa. )KeHcKH e rpyna ce r'p:HlKen:e 3an0J1»C:H,Te.n so ~a 005H~ paar 06.neKft 33 BOCT3'H'HU;HTe, ~a rH '0 e par " ,~a rH, CJ1'e,Il;3,T

.

wBB 'II,LI' i!;Ii; '!:L. iOIT"fI, H3 Ty'Ii"'K'":K' fIifIf"'A SO· . n UiDU'U 'l'iI' peli1l'o- 't!J'H'O" fI'i!:!Ii D'fVI:'g-II9,C' yB3"=!i1T

M ': ~I~,nliu U [~ - _ 'F""" 0 A ~ . ':. ;JI.Il~n .-'1 , r- 'M"'U I, : MP .~~ . ~. _.: -'.' __ p _.

BOCT8HUQKatomm O~ e to BO Jl:pyro Ce.j]O.9~

3,HaMe-TO BiB 'KOCTypCKa, J8. 'loleTa TO 3IIM~3J1:a g'oja 1:.J:uKanapoe Ba,,,5~~ cecrpa aa ,n03H'3T- OIT KOC"FypCKB 'BojBO.Q;,3, Bacan

19'2 Koeryp DO' BpeMeT{~ ua linn Hn,el~CKOTIO BOCT,tU~Ke 11M an :8. 1000 :«,M--rgllH~ KOCTY]JCKa'T8 O:K011lMja 6pcena oKony 14. 000 )KHTenR~ on ,K<OH" nUBeKE!! on 30. 000 10Hn e 'TypQH, r~ll~n", Bn aCI .. 'I AnnaH ltlci n, Qn 1"3," ~i[. 11 113J K y, 'BOI 0 . aa ORoDlI,j1a (Ka3a) BJileryeane Cen3TI1,: 3aI'i0pM~laHH, CMPAern, KOCH l-te Ul, Bnaua, 1io61,_wTa ~ A 'MOerll)'l1, MOKpeU Lt" 'B'HWel!t!H ~ l-J:epew [Hua~, )l{.yn.aHll at Floa ~l:OM nrrn, Ilpe H 08 _ H 111,. Ei ~IM60K.J, ]1,1063 JI" ua ~ ,:. ~ ~ u5en,~ Bp" M KI Ia pI [(lSI) WTa,-! K(n'rn,opaOH" WeCT,eOBO n IlIpyrH. M~cronono*6a.T~, na rp!TIlJeTO e 3tJCPM'" T,ea rpan ua t it ce n pore a liIlU e.QHO Man 0 rton yOCTPO~qe. 1,1a HCT(U1 MeH O"fO esepue '" Hacenenae'ro Ice 3.8f1J;'!MaSRJIJO CO 3eMj:O.QeJ1IU~ M cro-iapcren. 8'0 Dpe"'n~."f'o H.3 M'nH,H,[U'I:tmCKOTO 8OCT3HHe Ha,CMeH'ueTO 3e'Mano a Kl'lf:llEuro, H M,aCOBIH.O Y"J'CiC'f'SO.

93 JI. T., KucRn~il~'leBD'" nOlllel!ICK3JT3, ,I)CTOTO"

194, , a H}nlO K n H me B b'~ 0 C B 0 Go Im,U Tlen na T,O Gopoa B:"}. K,OCTY P C KO (no 1'904).,. ICOqo,lJJH ~ ~ 925, 136",

nmHopa.;t· na K C1iYP

(o~ (POH,AIOT na M'Y3cjorr ~-ma M"lKfP;OUtlja. DO Cxonje)

LIaK3napOB.95 Kora Knacypa Dana ocnofonetra, ", aKeAO_' CK Tie .BOCTaJHuu;n D~UI. srpana'ra .1"0 :nOCTH'B'l'Ine :BOCTa.H.U.'U:~·KOT'O' 3H3Me. 96,

l1aIC.o ae n:OCTO'H flJorrorpa,cpHja aa osa 3Ha,M,e.; Hero'BHOT OllM:C MO>Ke·Me ;a;a ro )lI03HaeMe OD; OnfICO"F aa 3H3MUlbaTa H3. 6U1:'Onc:KHTe 'lJIeTH: 801 oQja.oeHUTe cex:a.Bal-La Hat 6UTO,Jl[CK.3T,3 Y'-11ITenK8 (aesanxa) <POT. na Flerposa aa Apce:HKj JOB.KO.B.

nE"M< l'APX-·1I'I..fC·.·A'·· p-;·'C .. ·. 'K': O"TO"- B~:'O.···C· T -··.H1f..l1.·JK· 0·.· .•• 3···H-·~A· M····E

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,Q,eM14p'XIICapCKOT'O 'peOHCICiO ropcso Hat-IanCTBO rOI ecxaaysane :: ;D;.HM arap ):\etJ:eB97 01;0; eeno Cne n qe , AeMl'lp':X::HcapCKO,

95 :BacMlIJ LlarK3JTapo.o, no enna Gop6a co ,rp~KnTe DOjE-IHru;Jt na 20 jyJlH 1913 roJ]l~tlU~ sarnuan. BH.rnlL\f:: AHeB~ HK fin Bacun qaK,aJl.apO~I' B"hCl'lfUle,"o B 'KOCTypC:KO, 'CO. YllllulJJ,eH.cKo-np'ec,5pu)Keuc 0 BD'CTanne ~ 903-1968,.~

C'O(Plt~ j, ~ 968.

96 M. I1,3.1i~eBCKHj UCTOTO 267.

d~n' JIHM.IIITap' ileILJea, 3ae·.Q~IO co Bopne C~!:rp3(pOB ro ,HMaaT u:lpa60TeJi!o TaKanapellf.enUOT Boer _IIHllK:~i Il.t<ICQH[lJHllJ;,KU, YCTau 80 COf'naC.l-IOCT co HllcrpYKQJUiTe WTO rl.l ,nOOI.:lJle on, CMU1DleSCKH'OT Kourpec~ OAP}l(,3l·m OA 2 J],O 7 Maj ~ 903 nnHu,a 80 eeno C~utn eso ou on CK.o.

5.8

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(Olit rpOtUI01' HaM YlejOT .~ ra :~~AIm.KeJlUOU" ja [00 Ckonje)

Jopnan Ihmepxara. non KY3'M,BH OIA ceno Ea6HIIO .n XPRCTO .n,cU:.XOB98 Ol;r( ceno n.a,reJ1:e.,99 Jlepaaexo .. LOO

'B'O Ce,JlOTO Flpocrpan,e, }leMupxHcapCKo, aa 2 a.BrycT t 903 :ro~I1Ha.) DO QP'KOBH:110T A:BOp.~ BO, npHcYCTBO aa noronesr 6poj }l(UTenu on Q.Ko,nll:OTO naceneaae 'U sa. BOCTflHHllHTe Dl'lnO OCBe,-

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99 Ceno Ila-rene 80 'SpeMeTO ua M'JIIHrnl·n;e.HCKOIJ'O aocrauue ."M~U]O I, :8 '] 0 ::KH"r~Jl! 1i:'I. Ce H~.ota nOK paj "'·fanoC)TO e3epO I' (.A.J1 M'.au rn:No"b _ M 3 K e,n;o.~t"JI .. 'T .

. -~ v ~ 93' ~ C"~' 46'

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penon Y QW one pel!: o'K.pY'f' anerynane ten aT3: A'PMC1 ~c KO, By~" K py rnorpaAH,. :npe'Kona HI f!' JllyGe-rI'l.t[On·a rene ~ HeOKa3~' ]!:I up)' ru. (P e Bon U)QU o.IU-I"aTa neD~locT Ifh, p'eMMpXJ~caIPCII(.o~ EUTOJ1C'KO" COc)UclH', ~93 l ).

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102 ·M··. Il ~ nne ac II'.;" 'U _ 1'iI'''''''1Il'O' ~Ol ? S"f'I

.. _ ., Ii], .~I ,,"",0 i'!!, ¥1L , 11.'1,.. III .' ~' " ~. .:;;>!'.

59

Be [UTO, ~1,e fy ~ py roro t B"O CBIOrrtTe ce K,3sa lba 38 n n L an Xp eTC n,acx,· J~,~ enen OA CnrvU!HllTJATe qne - ,11 R3 e,lIUpXtlC,a'PCKOT,O peOHC._O ropcxo HC1.'t.lanCT1l0: ~~ ... Tlo DoptitlTe DO ceJ10- TO Ilonenuu BOCTaIDI~11Te 6ea npHHy;rleH.~ a ce pacTypa,T,. Jac ro CB--TKUB '.)H3M:eTO I"~O 3,e,~OB co MeHe '3a J]la He rOI nOAa Baa - ~ ~reJ[L 29 F"IO)l!:I1,HH jac ro, 'LI.YB3.B,"'. ~OJ 0:83, naCX.OB rOI aanmuan 1932 ron IHa (p0JteH e~. 873 a no- IHHan BO ': ocpH,ja DO 193 6)~

K'OMY noroa M:y e npenaneno 3"a"Me~o 1'1 K3;Q,e ce tlysa 'Toa lOA' ocao 'BO xoja HlICTHTyuuja '80 Byrapnja, He H.II e. noaaaro.

J1:,eMDp Hcape '0, :OOCT,2i.Hlll.IKO 3HaMe

(HII. 'nM:nNIJIAeH'b~'; r. [V~ K ..... 8 (~,;8l. ~ 9'32, COrp~UI

Baa .o'JJ;apeHHe H.a 06~aBeHa ,a. q,ol"OrpafjlKjaIO na osa 383M.' anaesre 'K3KBH 'My OHJle C.'liMOOJlUTe,. HU3,KY 'OIDtC'OT ee coanara co onHCUTe na 6HTO',1[CKHTa YI.IHTeJlKa. <l>OIT'HHa erposa II H3 Apceaaj ,JOB~OB" ~13~eHH '90 ""BUHTe ,o6ja8€HD ceK3,B3lb3,.

3,HAM 'TO HA U'MIiEHCKATA t.lE 'A

Ceraunmre aaura coananaja ],81 BOC 3H .. I'\tIKOTlO 3Ha'~1e Ha. ;'MoeHCKaTa '''leTa ce CKy~',' .. fOI 3H:'le, e C8M'O ."MeTO Hn Be3Hn:KaT8" Tpneaa !\:U.MHTpOBa, ponesa l884 rOA--' ta 80 ceJ1O~' TO lllecreso I KOCTypCK'O" I' ajnpsun Y1J}rrenCTBY'Bana, ao caoero

[0,3 X. n aexon, K a K Bll era rn [a DI1TO J] C:I( M ,q J1l e JI.,'! ap X, ~i ca p,. I ~

'-" "~ 'n KetuOu~'tSlI'\ COc(l~IJll ~ 8. V lll 19.3 L

] 0-1 B"bCTaIUf 1.,1 KOTO 3M,( " e. tICTOTO, 35 Ii1 7.

6:0

n ~ r.~6e H 1<1 ~ KOCf}' pc ,ItO

(OR ~IIJtDT [1!aJ M y.lej OT 11 a Mil K!eAD" uj a 00 C Kon je)

PO.RHO ICe.J10i.[ij 3, noma. I nOTO~~ H'O 00 1. 902 m'~JIHa nO'M::UH_3J13, 01 pa,60r'Ja DO C£llOITO ~"hf.6eHH Ka~,e mTO npclAOJ1)1(rJna co pesonyunonepna'sa Jl;cj 'H OCT If II OS ,na CnOMleHeM'e JlljeK8 'B·O OB3, ceno lJ OCo6e~HO BO cenoro KOCIIHe~ (It' DO JlPyrnTe cena) rtocroene !lK)eHrC'KIJ ;qp'yUlITBm ij paKOBO}leHlI on Ce'.!1TCKlrre Y'-III" renxn. BOI ope f1eT'OI ,lila, nare.pUT'e " nperpecnre HI, H3ceneHUCTO on CTp3_H3 H3 "Y PCK'If1TC BOjCK, H Tue rl,1 K pu,_ e.ne ny'wK~31let A-tYHuq'JtjaT3 n

D"Oii'"""'ll""-:1l1!11l11llrm'ITIII''1I"'\P nO'ni'.JiiT-uQ 16'11111 '11'"'0

,D· .. ~ ~ il:lJn.lrJj~Jjll II ~ i" '. n n "". ..1, .•• IIJ .II .

6,11

300 CeJ1.aH~i, rJl3BHO >KeHJ.l, on ceROTO )l: "l\~5eH" noume 130 pycKUOll KO rryna'r eo 6JITonCl 'Ja na 6apaaT '3aWTMTfl 3([ cerroro. H16

Bo nOI(_IeTIO·.~OT na 1903 rO)]fJI'H3 cnosseua aT3 Y;_UiTe,J1K8 Tpnena AUMH pcsa ro aanpannna 'Bo'eHOT'O 3:H'aJMe na .Q'·M1oeHC,Ka.Ta "Ie a. 107 OJ]l CBU.Jle,- 01 n ',a'THO. HH3KY, KOCTypCK,aTB O.KOJ]Hj,a,U)8 KojawTo nnerysana 80 ClOCT3B :Ha :EHTonCKI~OT' peBO,J1YIUIHepe'H OK oyr chIna C," cranena o~ nOIBe' e cencxa I:IeTtl, KOH 'HM3,ne eBO. HalcIanCTDO n 'COI1'CT.BeHIJ 3HaMllltba, 0)); upaeaa eanneua TK31f!' ma ~ ~ 09

no 3aJltywynalbero Ha. HJ]HH~eHICKTO 'BOCTaHlie y H'~ TellK3T3 _, Bel' nxa H3 3H8M'ero 'TpJ1eHU~HMJirr:pOB~a OUJ13, 38T:BOlpe 'a :80 6n:TOJ]CK~IOT 3a.TBOPI xane jnro nescena . on' I urecr MeCe~"~ ,8 FI'OToa 80 1.904 r0;t1HH3 ee BpaooT:WJ1'3, UOB~OpHO, K8KO y1!lHTenK~L _to1lIln-l,ana DO 19.18 ronaaa. _10

EAHCKOTO (PA3JIOlllKO) BOCTAHH-IKO 3· • ',' ME

3a. 083 :3H,8" e, xaxo Bn'p01tJ:eM: II 33 3Ha:Mm&aTa 8',3 'K.yKymxara H D".:II KOC'Ty''I!V'':v3T3 "'III';itIi;"'1I"'3" p- acn O' naraa e co CUY"H1I'JII' C'-'O-'3H~'Hif"

h"., a . pr&-I . "_' ',--_- L • r~ftJ- _ " ~~ .Il!- , I .. 0,,:. " (a] OJ - I· -_", ~ ~ '," l~ ,i. ' .. , - .DO .. r.l,!I!!!!

ja.HM·eHOI,~ sa 3H,a,MeTOIHm B _HICK3Tfl i ,II (Paanourxara) pe'SOJ!Iy-

moo M' '. 'n" .. -'.,.-· ... ii.i"u 'I·~O'

, r'. ~ _' at1Jil'!Or.B",·ft " n.""'·~'Ij ... H'- .•

UJ' B.""UJ1lJUI;D;.lell"'b I" HCTOTO'.

lOS Ha 10 Kon HCKa,T3 ~Oltcpepe.1 ~'QM ja on ~' M6eE-~ H It BnlaJ ua Qen3. TIt ·K.ocrYPCKa OJQOJilMjl9 r6H'}1I,a nonenena H3d ner DOCrn~[M~IKM peOH)'J: Kopeurrara co peOHCKM aojn.OAJ1 MHTpe n',BI1:uapoB-Bn30T'1 no one co KRall nOUOD" pony'" A cen 0 Jlecxa ... He BpOK'OncKo,! MOK,pem·~c KO= K ajnapexa Co. HffKooa MOKpeHCKM (Anaj Her \~ Heerpa . t:C'Klt co K;OJbO }l06POJlHI(CKH It npenenor Koereaapaja co Crepjo TaWKQB (BUA" Kaj M. arH}l,ee.eKI1" MCTOTO, 2162).

~09 .X. C~cl.J]Hil08., tICTOTO~, 301-302. 110 B. ~J1J1HIHAeHIb"I'., UCTOIfO.

L l ~ Fpar-rero JiancKo BO :Bpe~teTO H3, MJ1IMHp'erHCKOTOI BOCTa rae IHM31110 ,5, 068 )KI1TeJ1lH. ICMecTeHo e eo nonsrre non nrrnaHHHaT3 'n]JJP'HHI' noxpaj pesara r .2I3ue. Crropen npe;IJ.,8HH _,TO,. rpaT'-.[CTO Ba [CKO ro }l,OOiMlJllO ..:,fM'eTO KaKO elKlorauiao Ce;D,HlUTe na 6a1101\ ~Ull'l no MH~U~'lPaJlJnmTe 'BOJj,1-t 'L!llITO ).o~3'B"paJle noJ,:t nero. 'YW1i't;. no ~ 866 ronnna BO nero nocroeno yLJHJlFlnJ,'J'Ie .. Haceneneero ce '13 nMaJoa o co '3eM.joneJ1Ue, np,oo,ae.rn:TBQ. 'KoxapCT80 " npyro, Hacenesraero 3e' 3-

62

Eal~ICKOl 'Pa3JIO UKO

([mI (~OUnOT ua ·MY3.ejOT na M'aKeAonuja 80 C~O]1je)

:SHO,nH.CKOT\O ~py WTBO lOA E;:'tUCKO' eo .KOO pfi KOBo!~en.a. M:I1l~c Cron I(no p~. (1)1; ne IEIO '00 A'OJ1H W.OT pe)l ._ ne 00 OJ], I-I ea e KaTepnna Uu II K3..,

a neCHO, ·Yuu~ua).

JIO a.K.T.I<~BI::I'O y~eC'fBO no lPeRonyl.~trorl'ie:p~1 HTe 6op6~~'. n:OOI~[aTH: cnOMeIIHll.~'1, Jma KY .fII;TY pan ce: TBP',IJ,H H a'f,~ ~,'C MTa 11 u., :UP:K BnT~· ~"CB. 'SorOPQJlH ~,~ ~ N, ",C:e. Tf"OlI'I,ll8 ~j 1-1 cpeAUOBe'&GOlnm,~ Ky.rU~ co caaror. rp~1"'lJ]reTO' ~im Ma ;:m8Aeno no:se:Kle 'In~Amr~.;m T[pm.BLJ;'1-1 " npo·CBel~l·nl nejUM C.An 1\1 anax~ M 3KeaOlillUl!U", HC"JiOrrO~ 42.

,

UlUIOHf::'pHa 1Je1"a OCo]arnT10

aneryaana BO COCT,aB HCl P'a3'nOW:K,aT,a OKOnnJa na CepCKMO,T peBOJl'yU;'LW!IOH'e'pe'u O:K'pyrl12 snaeue nexa HerO'BROT H:au;,pT ro H3,pa1f)oTHJI y'LIHTe-

nOT Bacnn 'Tie O~JI]10IB IO,~' ce- ~@JJ~tt~r%.ruWlm&5l~~

no Eenana a Be3D,n K are oM,ne, 0)); Ea,H:c:KO~ Mapa ByJHOI:Btt~M' %ijMKtiliLt§M~lm

MapYUIK3 'r'OJ]IeBa, En:HCla-a~iti~

sera Y'meS3 m [.3 tl 6UTOn:tm'aH~.~ K,E)'Ta Cnaca I'eoprnesa. I ~4

Bo EaJlICKO HO' ,neTHHT,e M,ece:U;,H pa60iTeJl KY'PC aa Y'1.:IMTenKI1~ Mery HUB Du'na, II Karepaaa, nOI TaTKO CTe¢1afHOB3, '_, :Q:UD'l{,t),. ~ ~ S ,nOceoH,rO

~

Ja cn,oMenYBaUe on D'P'Ht'IHHa

urro Tail, rOH:na n:pO):rp:Y,JI{HH'LIK3 "3 Mue Enena eTOH,,.

Mec Enena CTOU:

"pO'flecraHl.TCK,3, ,MB,c:eonepK,a, (O'A 4m~IJlJOT ua MY3eJ01" ~~a, M'a.Ke~oHnJa

BO' ,M,8 Ke;qIO'tI'Hj a "J l6 Taa e 80 C~Dllje.) .

ru ~ 2 '801 Cepcaaer pe BonYQHou,epCH oxpyr ~ 'n oxpaj Pa3nOWK3JT,a.

O:~OJllH:j;3, anerysane YWTe:, ll,eMIA:px",c8pcKa (BJ.J1O'[iHlwTa), ApaMcK3~ CePCK3, Heapoxonc K3 'I :MeJlI ~ H'ljI Ka, r OpHO'1) YM,3 jc K3.~, Kasa Jl'CKa H n peIlJOBCK3 ~

ru ~ 3 Y ure Ba 'En aea aera 15M na JU1'I,(D HOCT KOjl3 urro De en OMeli,)' sa ,BO a4Je,paTtl "Muc CjiOH'~' (190 If ~ 902)., Ka:KO nej3lfli3 npI>IJlpy*tI:U~iK,3.

~ ] 4 BI<~Al1: M a pal 'By iii U OB,2W ., Cno M: e U ]II, 0 KO,Fl] Y '14 JID II H AeH C ~'O"fO

IJ"bCT3 aae D,"'fu EiUlllC~O ~ Coop fl ~;I K 50 rOAH'U f,:, OJl MIn W I ~AellCKOT'O :U"bCl'2I ~·llIe,. CO~}UI., ~953, .54" 57-,58,

l~ 15 fQJJ;~I,n), e no ']ial.l;u':Ko M:efy ~ SI68 ~cW ,187 ~ r'lQJJ.HHa. np~"IcpaKalbe,.o tl3

Jjl !ii

n,potTeCT2U:lCKSTa nepa 'Ke ,li O,eOJMO:>:KH Atl :nll~pwu ,3.M1epHKaHCKO ,.eHrC](O ),4"-

n,M W'Te :80 Ca MCN:"(O 0 Co Roe [pel 1(0 BiOJ]lleJl a Milt c Ener I a C1'o H a Horca, urxoayean.ero ('10 nponOJ1::«,una 80 AMe:pHKB, o-n, ,KOJ1:e. no nO[J~U~,],IrC,TGOI'fO co conpy:r-ur r 11 H [l0[P '[lnn xa 'I ,eT~ ['I,1~' K ~'!l AJ1ba ne ~ OA Ko pxa, Ke ee e)l2l:'",n'l 110 Ma Ke,ArOm-~ 11,] a.

'H6 M- - 'H.... EJ1Qm-r<!"l1 C-- -r-.n.'u ;:Ii, po f1i;Ui ilLl "'" I 8- 4t:.. ro,Qii'..f-- - eo P -- -~-

- - . < ~ - - ""' in,r!;)Ij " !Io ~1111 ,~ ' •.. ' 'f4r!l;,o '" ,,'I , , 'U I 'I Ili':I [[:til D - , uKCu~'pM ..

M'aCZrl1Jlyce,Tc, Do ~ 90 1 ronHHal xora OMlla Ii\J11lll:lalUlpaH3 on. -rerara ~iH:l Jane,

II ,-ii[HOCT BO Ma.Ke~OHCKaTa nCTOp,mO_ padmja n03liaTa xaso acpepa'ra !lM,He 'Cl'OH~" .. [uTO OWllfi aenno CO norope cnoueaarara Ka repana 11 CO HeKOiJIKY APY 11 yl.U· Te.JIKlm K~IJ:(HanupaHa on l:I'eTfJJT£& H3 J 3He Ca Hll,ElHCKl1 ~ Arpepa'ra xojaurro Tpa,en,a IOtt c nTe~IBpH, 190 ~ no ¢,espyapu 1902 rO;rlnHia-I'~1 ro ",Ia capreao BHRM3HHeTO Ha CBeTCK3Ta. jassrocr KOH MaKeno,HHja~ KH'KO ICn.O'~ ,(}{)~.apcKa 3eMja aa MaprHHHTe ,Ra, TypcK3,Ta asmepaja xojaurro mete ,fiHJU1 H8 pacnafaise ..

Ha 3H3uero 611na H3Be3', Hat neaojxa xojaurro rH rasa H'CKl1- HaTHTe CH'HQI1PH, CU'M'OOnHT,e H,aponCTBOTIO .. 3H3MeTO ID'JIJlO 1~3nO).KeHO '80 BaHC'Ko 1912-Ta rO]::lHHa,. Kane ee naora nenec, He :ua e n03H3To, HO aajsepojaruo BOI HeKOH o~, oyrapCKlITe My3ejCKH H'liCTIITY ~HIiI '.

KPATOBCKO BOCTAHH'LIKO 3HAME

,3a lK3J1, 0;0:: KOiHCYJiITlIlpau:aT3 nareparypa Ii na ~'pyr BHJ:t, ne-rareaa 'M'8TepujanM (nOM,eCTeHH K,ilKO qJlYCH,OYU '80 TPY,~OT) 'KJ3,KO E DO KOHcynT8:U;l1Ja 'co fl.e'KO'H 1011 MaK,e~OHCKHTe nayxaa pa60THHll(H He }It'OfiIH,B,Me H'HKaKBI C03H3HHja 38 OBa. 3Ha;"1:!e~ Cenax 6narO)lape:UBe na Jl06tH~HHTe rpororparpaa Ol~ COCP'HCKH~ OT IVly3ej,,~ ~8 Ha )];BeTe crpann oJ{ 3H2Me.TO MO'lKH"' ce :ueKOD KOiH-

"

CTaT3ItH,D." HO cenax ce O'TBO'I)HH _ paurana KClt'KO urro ce: :KOj

CaHn"altCK 3ae,AHO co HeKon~y n.PHAPy)t(Jnt~KM' ~ oonc'Kw' MaKe.qoHKId. "Mana 55 rOnnHH co 20 roaauma M'1C"H:o~~epcKI paGOl'aJ DO Ma,K!~J~,ont!j~. no rn.eCTM,~ceqH'O 3ano*.O:H:lIWTBO Hal MH'ClIO~I:epIKaTa ~1 'EI3I uejaauure npHlAPY~I1HqKl"~ a no npeTXO.QHfO p,aXD;eunoT OTKJln OA t'50 Kt" ~ anaro aa KOMMTMT,e, cirre filM,ne OCJ1OOOAeUM. Ca,MO neK.o.n KY Mec,eltlJl no oCIlo60.IDlye3 eT'O Enena C"Qit~ HMa ofijlaBeHo MeM03pJtlt He ICnOMe]lyRajK~~ HMTy e;ltHO ~(M,e l~Hl, nyhrro 'l;UUf 3anO,)KH:HK OHJiJa non H~11 uiecr M.f!iC'e~u.

rut? yJilI~U J(HM~[T,apl" CnY'faeu 33nO:..Kl-IHK '80 K~llAHanMpaJbe,TO W'IlO jill o5ene*a M:aKJ~AOHtja,~ D, .. "YTpttJrCKI'1 6ec.tUiK''_ r. 4.~ 5p. 894, Cxonje, c. I L

1,18 My 6J1,a,ronaplI Me ua n~~peKTOp, ua oaaa MUCT~mTYQ"Ja :lit

He'KOJ1lKyTe nona'penH KO']JOP q,{J"orp,a[~Ul! na M211Xe)l;Ol1]CKHTe 3Ha~n1fLa, npesen- 1i'I'JpaRH so TpyJ'lO[L

65

K,paTOBCK3T,a, '-leTa (Ott rpOU~OT na My3ejOT aa M'a.'K.lC;}lornu'Ij'a :00 Csonje)

(KO'H:).~ sora 11' xane e neseao, neroeara roneseana, ,O;rJ;KaK,O;B M:arepajan e 1HlpaOOTeHo" na xoja :HOCT3'HH'Q'K3 'Q!e-r3 My npanaraao e JlpyrH~

Ha n:pejl;Hi1lT3, crpana H8 3H3MeTO' Ka,KO m,TO' :BnpOlJieM' ce rn:eD:,(Jj, aa cjlOTorpa!¢la:jaT3 e npercrasen pasrneaea nan so 3naT-' aa 6oja, co OTB~)pe:Ha ycra, Hcn'pY>KeH' ja311rIK~ 'H3paleHH HO,K.TH If n,OJl;JHrHaTa. onamxa. Ha IcpororpalQJIRjaT3 ee 38,6e,ne»:YBa, ,p;eK3

~ - . ~-~. .-

H3j1ron,eMIJ)OT A,eJ]' on; anarna'ra 'OOJB O,A JlaBOT e ,HC[[,al{HllT3 'W:TO

He 'R,a.senYOB, H3 rrpernocrasxa ;qeK;a ,HCTH'OT He ItlH:JiJ. se.3eHI1 Ty'lCy xpoea Ol}l; 3J1aTHO 001a~nl'caH"O ,nJl.a.T,H'O rra n:01T03 nenea (H:nH: ur II'.I'~H' ') 'H:~ upn e-··'HO· rro nna'rao H-'~;Q; naaor CO· I ?'fjJ'''')TU~ 6, 0" 'J~-:JI 'n'!JIW"' '. ysa

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.,,' • . , I

nKPATOBO'''\ a BO ;o;On:H,UOT nen nero T,£lK8 co :3naTU3 6oja, 'CTO'H' rO'~liHaTa. 1903~] 19 CeTO ODa Ice saora BO cpe~HHaTa na KBa~pa~

'.

'TOrT 1I13Be3eH 00 )KOJ1T KO'Heru; K~J nrro KOC'Q J38'pWy03 I(,a,j a rIUl-1T\e,

aa '],HaM'eTO., Ha CUTe 'CTpaHH: 'BOH KJl3Jlpa.T'OT ce n:peT'CTa'06KFI ,lleKo'pa.THBHG e1leM.eH,T,~1 :BO 'pa'3JIHtIHH (~OPMI1. (nBa enesresrra ce

119 M'HTeSCK.'I4 HJIl~<lja, KpaTOIID OA najlcTapuTe BpMklJh3 ~,o n}elH~c, K paroao, 1997',.

66

LCTU'i UJ!l rreaa'ra U uecnarn crpana a JJ;pyrn ~ 1_ ABa, rope 11 ;£lony) ceKa'KIO COl 'CM1,6n I '1~lIIHO 3l-m·l."le~e., c no enno [uno .KPY>KHlO' cserno xa jle_ se. W'TO anposei ~ o)l(e y61aso 'a ce 'B~L 'n H~ qJTOr p,a(puja'l' a , O~H'OCU'O ~lf_CTOTO ocalle WT-Ol lonJJle 8l\"l~THaT~1 "CTUT,e~

Ha 33n,H3T3 crpana Ha. saaaero. aa up a OCHOOal, IICTO TaKa, BOI cpe ma ra H3 KBc1n;paTO e ,npeTCT3Be, . a MpTlOBellfKa rnasa C'O JIBe nonpe-nm '[{Oe.K," nOD annanara WTO' ja cH~~6ol,n"31iJ'pa, CMpTTa~

Jl a ce aanesaue Jl;eK3. H BTa"!I.OU1HHT._c HCTpa)J(,Y's3, 1b3 Ke

.,

pe3YIIT,Hpa,BT co uenocira COJH3HHJ3 3a osa '3,HitM1e, KaKO Bnpol'lle.~~·

.

'.~ sa npyr re nocera H:e:n03HaTU KaJ Hac'!

'. 8

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It '33. HIt xpaj, aa yurre ,eAHO 1H3"ME KOe,WTO, e OA B;pe~1:eTO HenOcpe]l;H'O D,D "J-anyrnYS3fbeTO, Ha Hn'H.H;cte:HCKOfl['lO eocranae ~ nI01"'O~1[H() O}Jt Bpeh1eT'O ua :M,JiJ,a.;DlOTY'pCICa-ra 'peuoJll:yql1ja o'A 1908 ronana. 3:Hauero ro npeaesrrapaxse 10J]; cnemnrre "Ph~Uf,HH:: rrpso, W:TO e 80 He'[IOCpeJ];:Hl,a BpCK:a CO peaonyuaonepuara AejH'OC"f HaMaKeL~OHC:KHOT nornrra-rap II :peoon)!IJrWORep Jane CaHp;aH'CKH" ~ 2.0 'n: sr 0 PO'" WTO e e}J;Jf'HCTSe'HO' OPH'f'H::u:a.1JH'O' 3:Hcl'Me mT,O ee l.lyn8, BO' MaK,e1-l0HH'ja K,BKO '3Haqa,e.H M8Te'pHja,n,eH o6jeKT o~ oor"a,TOTIO 'M aLK,eJ(OHC:f<'O' ;fi~.l:ra. T-CT,BO ~

'CO notienara H3, Mn:1aJJ;OTypCK.aTa pesonyuaja 6H,n:

BO-C,nOCT.aBeH YCTaBe,H rtapnauenrapen ICHCTeM co npornacy:Bafh'eTOH3, cnooonara (,;X,YP,aeT")" XYPIIeTOT fie)] ,npOrJ13CeH U3 HCTA:OT )leH no Cxonje H ,BO Conya, O,JItJlOCHO U3 24, jynu, 1908 ro,~'" ... ta co U'03u:aTQT'O .H3"-:LeJlO nil Mnancrypnare: Aa ]K,HBee cJlo6o;q;a.T,a" '6pa~cT'BOTO :H e}2tA:HCTBOTOI (",Jasasun hurriyet, adalet, muzavat") ~

no npornacyaanero aa peaonynajara 'CTOTH~ll M,a.Ke;oIOH,eKH peaonyunoaepa ... ;m;o6poBon~H non 'BO~'C,TBO H3 Jane ICa8~aH'cKH", Tonop Ilaaana XP:UCTO 'qepHoue,eo "Ullp'yrH :B~jB~]~,H cneryaane EO rpa'I~OBIHTe 31, ;qa, ce oopa,T' 3a'e;rJIHO 00 Mna- 1JJ:,oTypqnTle aa np~o6H,BKHTe DB, Be:K,e H3B-ojYBaHaT,al peaonynaja.

"80 penopT3,)K,3,T3, WTO' ja nananran Bpaaacnan H.YWHK, ~'2'~ a Hena, oojaBeH,B DO BeCHHKOT "n'OJ(,H,TRKa",1.12 Mlef-y ~piy:rO~OI" mnnysa: "YwTe P,aJHO YTpUH3Ba, Tp.rHa,B C10 CB·e'tlI.eH,D03 aa

~ 20 8111'Jl.LJI 'cp,ycnoTaJ tip i 1~.5

~,2 ,I Hpa.HHcna.e HymH:K (18164-1938)~ H,ajrone,M Cpn.CKJ!l KOMeJlt10,rpa,Iq,. n;UllYU3JiI KOMen_MHI non, BIWlijaHMlf ~~,a PYCKWO'f naearen f'on,]Jlb., Ilpexy rJHwaHH01" 3OOp, peamto ja orU1WYBaJl CpUCKaTIl npoOldHQHja 10 'Bpe~n~TO na OOpeHOBMK" ]If llenrpa~ BO npsara J_t,eu;eHMj,a Ita OOOID Be'lit H nO'Mer-y ~;BeTe CBeTCKH OOjHH. Heroesrre KOMe;;ID.~IH ee lt3B~AyBaal' :pe''-W~C:H ,B01 CUTe T1ea,vpM 00 natuara '3f';MJ3J ,1"1; H,a,Q;BOp' OA Rea. H'e,KOJilKY rOnMH~l )Kumeen, no MaKe~O~i":j.all K3J];,e Dun 'ynp~J!H~K Ha C~ormcK,HoT ,Hapone:J-1 rearap, nonHCHUK ira OeCIUU<iOT nnOJn""~'Ka h o~, Ben rpaJ]l" a spuren u APY 1114 J1lo.n * II OC'ifNl ..

1,22 n,OJ1 U1"HJitf'l ow 21 j yn M 1. 908" Beorpan,

69

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l. 200 JJlYWH, MaxeJI:'0 HQ,U" Typna, CPOI1, ,C'p6u,,- I'pna A.J11,0aH:-

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cnynraa pa3J1H'QHHl rosopa, Jane CaH:-' AB,HCKU: ce RBu::«:e:we '11:.1' Jil"IP' ''';V'e, ~we. If''IO''' "B·, 0' "P,'-H' _ !i:,iI,

tl:'ll ~II . ~ .. ' - " ,I... ",':__' "!II!l1!

Mety na'T,H,Hl~R,Te, WTO, rrarynane Oll C~Dnje 38 Cony:" Ice H,3, o ran' H Toro Kpa ... TOU3,]]]IIl'ICO 38,eAHO co

Jane Ca.HDaHcKu, 1875-,19l5

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OTO ICleM:ejcT:BO,~ :0 (op; qmfJjtOrr lUi My.3ejorT Ita. M,aKeJ,OHHj:a BOI CKrOrrlI,je)

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: . '.' '" , .. ', M" ... ] -,__I,",." .. ', " >H '.. I., ,,' ,- , ···~f - - " . ",', '_ '_,' __ ,_ ,_, ' - _ ,~, '/~

ConYH CT3'HiUI l1leHTa.p na Mna):llO'TYPC,KO~OI ~B'HJI<,etbie~ J ane 'CaH;qaeCK.U: :80 aero rrpacraraan H3 310 jYIUI m, 9018 ronana 'Ka;qe m,TO fb~_n, CBe:q,eHOI npesrexan. Ha 3.~, jynlil ,H3,~aJ1 MaHH(iJecT co nO,RR'K KOH: aaceneaaero niB. ro np':H¢aTH xypaeror :u ;q8. ro 'opaHH t();Q nenpaiaremrre. 123 O~]rp)Kan pesonynaoaepea roaop OJ! 6aJlKOH'OT H3 XOTeJ1.0T ,-,Q,nl'uwnoc n3,JJaIC~"~' :80 Cony" npe,~

11.2.1 'H a lBl.HOfl anuo-pe Bon y l.lMOHep" H Te 6op6w :1 ta M~n,e;o;o t U:K flOT H apon 18,716- ] '9 ~ 2~ nYOJlIt'K!illtHja 00 TtKCT t 'cpolforpm,tp'JUI u ,nOK.YMem-ITH:; Cxonje 1968.

it. • ,,~ M T

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'O;Q cnenaianna eCHarcp'U !Oll; Cxon]e, T~H. ·Ka.CH,aX,~',~",.HCi Pa.3:Hea:n.OT'O 3H8Me ro HOCf;J]' no CIOnYHCK]lTle. ynlilU;'U Cpel1le W·UpOKnTeM3,C,",. IO,~;yme.BenH Hpa,~OCHH~. C'HHOT na 10,["0, Kparoaanaen, nnaHa.eCeTI"'O';ll;'lDDHH'OT Tpa jKO"

no B,pa,:tafbeT,Q DO CKonje, ceaejcrsoro Kparosanaesa ro nosene H 3Ha.Mero KOe, ro ~[yBaJle nonexe .rOJl;:H:H:U: K:aK'D ~Jpar cnossea HI, H~H:T,a,HHTe ()J]; apesrero Ria Mn3,p,;:'OTYPCIKOTO Jl;"RFllKC:Hlie· H na ceKa.B3.1&l!'TO 0]]; BIfJl:YBafhero leo Jane Ca.H~aH.CKH:"

3U3 1.--n~;'JIO oa ,ope.M.eTO na M uajfJOl'ypCK8,Ta peIOJIYl\~ja o~ 1. 9018. (o~ 36 MpK3-r3. ria M',Y3ejOT H3! MaJ Ke;O:Otl Hj a)

124 'M'ycr,a¢aa Kapaxacau, Jaae ICa''']}li1~[CKH n ~fJHIUolfypcKrrt,re pesoJlI]IQHou,epH, Jane Call~.uCKH ] 872-] '9] 5,,·1915; CKonje; 1 91'6,! 815.

3HaMeT,Q CIO pee:!il li.IJ:M3 ¢OpMI~ na IlpaBOarOnHHK H e Fl3He]eHO COl }l{QI,nTH" l~p'BeHH~ p03.0Bt~ H co' ICBC'1"n'OI3en:eHH KOI:H-U.'~tL Hanpaseno e Ol}l :Q,pSe'H 3Tna,C 1.1H.1 p;O.T1eH nen 80 A'OJT}KHHH On '~3 C~1. e ,[lpO,~OJlJ«e,H C,O KpeMolB ,aT,n3C,. Ha 'TpH~e CTpa'HI1 na

'3H' '''Jil M~TO. ' oif"Je-' 1""0'.' lll"l .. tie H 'f..lf c'-'p' ·M··· e· ·H11 'P,QC, ,U' K··: a· KO, ne··' K··'O· . p'~T' T:I"Oe' H y' .. 'W p'~ s= .

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. onC:U'f.IRa,T,3, Hl~a '3,HaMeT'O H3HeCYB3J no ~'OJJ}KUHa 58 CM:~ (tiSe3

peen) H 6 ~ eM., (co peca), a mapouaua 53 eM (DeJ peen) H 59 eM" (00 peca),

Ha ,cpeAHH'3Ta aa 3H8M!eTO e H.3Be'3eH,B, OCM'loKp,a,Ka SBe3;D;3. ..

Han nea e nonyxecesaea KaKO ,a,,~{Ii5J1'eM H,3, 'TypCK,3,Ta, u:uue·pl1ja.lI

O'U'o' 'iIifI''U DnnyM' e ceUIf:.lH' ara co ssesna no xpyr e UI~'Be"AU TdWr-T'"

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"Jl:A JKHBEE CnO,BO~ATA, JlA )K]1B,EE HAPOJl:A~\ a non 'HHD aa npo.Q,oJ],)KeHhl0l" ;qen. DUWY,08 ""llA iK]/IB,EE o :'EqE,BOTOu~ Co Be3eILeTO acnyurreaa ce He'KOJ1KY 6~{K.B'fl~ TilKa. 'BO 360lptrr )K'HBe e ncnynrrena OYKBa'T3 E" a 80 3GoPOT OTie}q:e'BOTO ce H30CTaeeH.U OIYK:OHTe C U' T (OTEqHCT,BO)~ BU:C:UH3T3 H3 'OyKBHTe H1HeCY,Ba. 4 CM.

Bo 1954, rO~H'Ha 3H8M:eTO e orxyneso u, De 1iyoo. DO :mop ...

KHTe nil ,H'CTOPIIU;KHOT M)'3ej U3 Maxenounja '0';11 Cxonje ~,eHec My3ej tnt Ma x eno H:Uj a, , 'lBse;::t,e,HO [lOJlt, HHseHTapeH OPQj 3,81",

Bepyaasse J[t,eK,a. OnH'I1J.3,H'HTe '3HaM~laa, O,J]I :Bpe,MeTol aa HJ1:HH~eHcKoro BOCTaJ,Hue co 'H'eOU:XO~HI'ITe n;oooja,cHY,B3,lLtl ICe

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O'~ :M3'Kep;oHcKaTa IcpeIRIIH.a.

Hcronese p:en Ion nonaronare WTO C:M'e rH: KOpHCTen:e rrpa

06 &:::'_ ;i"

oc paoorxa'ra H3 TeMaTa ce 3eue:HH on nOBeK:eTO lBe'C,HHl1H u:

cnacannja H,B MBKeAO'HCK,3Ta, eMHlrpaltmjia. 80 6yra'pMja IIMtlW'TO Ce'KaBal-hli 6H}l,e, TaMY OOjt4lB'YBHHH 'M KI01H: crraraar :18rO "yOI ... n:H.QI1ICT'H't:IKO-MeMIOa:pCK,iI rpara. Bnpovexa, HOeHHTe 3;,Ha,MHl-ba 6H'nle uepasnenea tCOln:a.T·H'HK BQ! 60pOHTe aa MaJKe}J;OHCK,HOT H3- pO,n 38 neroeara HaU;U:OR3J1.H,a_ H couajanna IClIlOOOJtiB 11 He38SH'C"OCT,. Tae, :80 H:CTo'p~jaT'Ia. 'Ha. M',a,'K,enOHCKOTOr peOOJly:g;'HOH[e,:pH:O J](B,D.:a<:eILe 130 "pe#l:BOCTa,H,I;fLIKH,Te H ,801 ,H,DHH1l;eHCKH,Te ;QeHOBH) a nOA,OItH3 '11; BO H,a,pOI;rn;lJ,OOCn:OOOI~"TenHa 6o'poa fI94I,-1.944),. f5.Hne C,HMOO,nH npea :Ko:nJ :OOCT8HHl{H.'Te, nonarane 33'KJIeTBtl H Ka.·KO TaKB'" npercraeyaaer ,npoJ:('OrJl)Ke'HUC sa 'BeKOBHa.Ta M3K"eJ];,OHCK,B,

EO

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,Maxe;rn;,OH'CK,BTa, eMHrpaQoja 80 B'yrapuj,a no 33S'P'wYBa:fLe1l0 :MB n,pU3T,3 tC"BeTCK,a aojaa .lIM3, !PO'pJvlHpa"H,Q, H npym,T,8o aape'qlee.o "HJ]HH,J];,e,H'b~\ IRO Roe, sornaaao, lJJI',eH,ysa"n,e D'pe,>.I(HBeaHUTe Y'QeCH'1II{l1' O;Q;; BpeM.eTrO sra npeAOOCTa:HH~IKHTe H a1lHHJ:t'eHCKHT,e ;qeHoD,H~ 3a, 'HaA::: e ,IrCrepeC:H'OI ceonnereaaero 06jaJlleHO' DO, BeCHHKO'T i",'l1nRH,QeH~u (r. II~ ,6p',~ zi. 28 M:all 19122 CO¢lHH~, 2) KDe ce onaecysa '98 anenor YUSTeH: OA O~p}Ka:H~Ot Co6pa:HH'le 'H'I CD,o:w,e:aa:'FOTO ,RPYWTBO, H3 :2,1 H 2S M,aj 1.92,:2 POjl;KRt8 ,RO Co¢raja BOI ,KOj~ M:ety JlPYmTOli Ice aena: 'I""'~ BO By'rapuja ee aaoraar HI 3HIMHILa aa 'peOHHTe H ,8;P,XHJ88, (ce MoenH aa spessero Dpe~ :0, 'no, UnHHJlfI,e,Hc,K~oro BOCT8HHH: ~H~ 6.) mTO' Tpe6a ;Il;,a, ce npoysar a :Op'H,6epaT DO [P;PIYWTBOTO ,,,MJ!JH,H:n;ee,"Lu'12$ OD-a COODWTe:H'H'e co

1125; :Bo, 36HpK3JTa co ,.Q,OKYMen.TU DO M YJej:OT H3 'Ma,K,e~oEu1ja 80 'C~,KOnje: ICe ILl yBaa,,, lit: IDe ap;HrululnHH ~[fleHCKH' ,Dem'TN M,a'I11M Hilla l[Jle'I-[OIBH"JIe, Ha, H':rlHIIl;qeli:l:CKarn, OpNUUI'3a QHja,~ ¢HJpM,,~pa~_a 00 Co¢Hilja alMO nexon Ky rop;HHH: no ,DU;PW YWUbeTO 'I ta Il psara CBe1iCKI, OOjI8t1., 801 OBa a 'opnrH Hl3a lIlHj a ~U'l e'tl::lnmne npeJ;4(H:oeaHHTf:' Y";;H!C:HlllrtH oJ1l, npeM,reTo na 'HnMH,p;eJIC,KO'To W)CT3.H].i,e., Ha upaeHU,n! ,KOPH,Q:n H,j;) USMC nerfl.THMaQ~H l'lIurnyu: ,J~J[HHllEH"b 1,903, rOp:H'H,A 2. AB,rY'CTi~i It Bt~aTPC'1' HMa MeC1iO D J1U'qIlUl '¢IoT-orpacpllja 03 ru)Cej[DJ,OBaT-tCJ'rOIT', npoa'op 3aJ H Me :11[ :npe.lHM'e :A KaJ PTa HI :M,3 KenO'H~,ja ,BO Heji:ru1l HHTe CTUlr'J.[X 11 rpaHHUH,~ a non uea 300POBMTe:, ~~!A HE5I H:'HE, ICE S'OPH'M:'"b~ 3,A HEI H'HE MP'EM1>n,. Ha RPym,T,a nerH,TH,M,3ltuja, e npeneuaren 'Yerlu, H3 23 CTpOiHHU1M (6 x 9)~ ,aOH0C-CU 80 ICocpHja 191,],1 r'Op;H,H8,. '80 Bpt:,Ka co Te M,s 111, ~jawTO ja o6pa,60'Ty,aa:Mlc DO lU1WHorr TpyA :loo'PYu.a "lJn~FlOI'JHTe 51 HI 0'80j Y,tT8D, 00; KOj nauiyaa: '1,P,3KOBOlll:~IMO 'T·e.no,~ K8'm :K 1C11tre '11I11JHHnelil'CKU a,pytllITBa " Maa.T' :fU~'tl~tf " 3J;iaM,t'E~.

73

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3:lU:lMH l;b,a T3 ua peso.n y uaone pmrre ~[eTr1 Ol)::t B pesie'ro Bel 11,]JMHJJ;e,Hc.KIOT'lO BOCT8,HHle ORne OJlH,eC'eHJ~ 8.0 Byrapaja ~,26 'WTOI JH3,'t:l11 AeKa aannrre HaTa:MO,llIHJ~J: tI:CTpa2K:YB3HJ;a rpeoa na npononsea T 'itIBO HMB ]l;a DfI}l;a T onrpa TeHH 16yra'pC:K'~ITe '~~fy,3!eJC:~(,H

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npH,~lil;1 H W,T10 't'OO~BeTI-IO n3, nero MO)K'CM:e ,3. p~y Me HTHP2l,HO na ja :YTBpJItH Me :oePOllOCTOj uocra I m OR Ii: Op:1IJ rl"l"1 aJJ1JFI 'Ii{ 3.Ha ~UfJba on 'BpeM'ero ua H J1 ~[,HAleHIC KOTO BOC,TtlHHe ']3, pa:J.11l1tK!3, on O:HlAe ,1-13, fLrn,-u1J;t,e:HcKarn, o'pra},nrl~HJ,Hja [U,TO 6HJ1a, ¢lOPMHpa li,a 0.0; MaKA".H.O~ ICK3'T3, eM'l1rpfU~"j a ao Cortn.~ja Me KY n sere CBeTCKM 'oojiHH., EJuro DaK90 OpHr,JU-[3JIUIO 3~ut:Me ce ~1:yM DO Mysejor t~a, MaKenoHMja, DO Csonje, na K.oe J,5aoo M.f);Ke ,Ail, ee SMAll l(npOlt[HTa) TeK'CTOT 'U 2lMooeMHTe 'K.3KO nrro ee BlllpOllII:le,M U 011 H rna H H 801 norope lU'lT,H pa [-fl1:0T qJn~:I-!I Hal, C 110M ena Tl!OT Y'CTaB.

ru 26 Conc'l'I8e'1'1 M KOT' HI, ne'Lla"T'O'f ~~a O'l'pa,).K:,Afl [CK:M<t7 OK PY "'Ie I·i 'M a Ke,,A.QHO-O~';lIfHCKH 'peBO.J1Y~UJ[OHepe.fI I:OOMJI,-re1i ro ~lyBaJl H :n~a.MeTO OIP! I]JeMero ua 1II1U!I Hp;eHcKorro BOCT31:-1 He. 30. rap:,01.9lI-[O e He mrBOTO He Ikle3HYU3 tbe! 'I1'Me ~~o.! roa fl;H,n:o R'CT8,Klla TO ,~I a ne HOT H,a ocJlJooo~y ou n~eTO 'HH CTPYM H,Ll3l 1945 IroAM na 1(1 OTTornw My DC 3a ryfhull OC,KUK aa rrpara!1 ,Q,;T3 M'3J1:0 33,t)ene jf(,3.'H'O caMO ne rOB{)'Vo l~cKa:ilK,yB,-nlile ,.E[,e:Ka 3,HaMe1l0 llHJlO J];OJlfO SO eM' DO posoea 6oja. Jfl 00 CpMel-ll1: 'peCK a, '00 cp~n 11 aa TB onJma assese t~a, MOMa, BO HBlJ,U()H an H3J ,otlllleK3", co II:'IMJ H\.1 H P iii ua pauere KOH ee 06:M.lll'Y 03 ~.a rn ICK ~~ He. !leHec" aa I rere t~ 11'1 urrn ue '~UI1,a e Me. npe"fnoc·rnD,yHaJ'!.U~ Ace,tUI e H:CK,ane OT.ryf,eHo~ uajsepojaruo .80 '5yr8Jpl4ja+ (B.j;~iHoBa MaK,en,oHnJa."\ 20. I X~'~ 97 5" XJ\X~I ~ 0-2915, CKUll1je, J 0),

74

321 nesarsrre o~ ,Bpehtle·To 'H3, I1nHH;qeHcKo "0 BOCTaHHle ~ocer.a ae e nHWYB3JlIlO. BrrpO''LIeM" THe fJ He ORne n03.,HaT~l HaJ[BOp O'Jjl MY3.ejcKHTe 'HHCTHTylJ~"H" HUTY nyOJIHKYB3KM.

Ilocera '00 H,3waT3 Peny6nHKa [':O~lyBaH" ICe. ca,MIO 'OCyM nexa'ra IO~ apeue ,0 na H.RHHJj('eHCKOTO 'BOCTaHHe'j :Lt. roa: ner ee Op'HrUBaJIH'M, a J);'p'yrl1:Te TpH ce OTD,eqa,T(U:~M: OJlt J];Ol<YMe:u'THTe" flaTleM ,!IIa rCn,oMHeMe nexa OA B,peM'e'TO npen MJnHHll;frHCK3,T3, enoneja y6nH,Ky'BB - M ee aacera caM'IO ,ABa, DO~lHaTH: ne'[UITR .. ~21

Bo TP'y~,OB' r.H ofiuw'yBaue crrre nocera rCO'1-1YBaIUt ne1:18T'U co

aeonxon ~oo6jaCHYBafba non Te'KcT'OT, m,TO 'sep'yBaM,e A,ex,a 'ICe

~

npe~'H3,BHKaaT HH~e'peCHpaJLe Kia) H'aY"-IHaTa. 0' nornapoxata

ja,B,HoCT" 3,H'a,L,laj:HH, 38 acropajara na M.aKle~oHrCKHOT' HapOA, BoonWT-O" KaKO It 38 cq,par.HC~HKaTa~28 H ,'Y3e"'CK8,T,B, AejHocT', nocefiuo.

12110 _'ttrMHanHHOT lIlet:J,rtT 'HaJ, KperCfleH'CKOTlOI aeeranne (~818) Ice qyll3 00 HCl'DPHCKI!OT 'MY3ej HaJ MaKe,AO ~"ja BOI ICKOnje" Bunn: Jhy6eH Jlane, rte ma1'OT I-ia. KpeCHeHc.KOTO' 'OOCTIJJHBe on ~878 oonM"3, en, ,,,M,),3ejtKM rlla,c.1-[UK'~I. 4. CKonje., ], 919 ~ ,47-51'~. OF !lelJa TOK 10,A M ),3ejcK HOT ne L[3T Ii a, O,;:punClK8 m, apxaenacxonaja 0,;0, 1.516 mp;UHa. BN.DH: 'to'pte M'HJbImB,l1 Kt npHD,or ,K.OH Hcrop,HjaTa na MY'1ejcKOTO p'e·1I1o H3 Te,pH,ropHj.a;T,a Hit CP 'Ma.:K,eJlOFlHljI3, 'CKOn~e, ~9,82~,~,S- ~9: VJB~ C.nera:fJo,B'L,lIlH;;), OXP'IP;CtK3 CTaP'HHB" B~ uP'OAH",a,u~ 311 srapr

i9'~161~ 111319, ] -2; UBeTaH Jpoanaaos, n'p'M]1IQ3U n03E-I~n33fb¥ cpelDlJlreOOKO'BHe

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llS, Ynrre cTap.HTe Fpua npasene ne~],aTH o,;q 'BOCOK" r JUUHli '8fllir OIJ.J. 0111'0001 H rH KHpCKne "C,c)'PArHC1 ~ Tlo oso] 300p M HaytcJTB3a nesarnre Ice' napexna cctJ1parHC1""WKB Olt rp~k:HOT' :lOOp O''Ppayi,~" Mnn 191a J~aJWlirOIf lOOp ~,:r:U!"'la'TOCnO]nteU,,, Ctppar'HCTHKI,'f'a e 6J1MC'K3 no xepannaxara, MeTO T,aK,a nOMUW~ia HC7IOpliCKa 1-m3 yK3 ~ OJ]lrIocnu De ~JaTM Te q elCTOlnaTtf M,an K Y ce paana K.)'B~;UI"f Oln rpocunrTe. Tles arme ucropac K It My npeTXO;rt;3T Hr3 rrpfioT, a ~eCl"on a TM a",d5neMOT m,TO ce ualor-a1m ua ne~a.ToQT, nO~loU!~[a cT,a,Hyoan H aMrfine.M. H3, rp60T IU!]H OOpaTHO (D-r Snjepan An toljak, Pomoene istorisk,e n.auk.ct K.rarnjleVIQ'3' 19171, ~ ~ 5~ 111;, ll-p AneKC3.l-fJD.\UP MaTKoscKI~, rp60SHTC ua 'MaKeAolulja'jI CKonje, 1197'O,! 1).

77

Ao~eka ,80 3anaQH'OenpOnCKBTa CcpparHrCTltlKfl ,",OCTOn 'C/l,eH' KOHTHH,YliJlpaH pa3,BI1TOK H.3 OJlJlenHH' Tun"Onlf' nexara, KaJ,J:.o 11 BO HHBH,3'f3 yncrpeoa. i,29 cny-rajos ,ka.j ,Ra.C"_ e TaK'O'M3.

fie .laTUTC "38 KOHWTO CT3HYSaJ 3'OOP 810 rrpnnoroa 'Hac anane KaK'O pesy TaT na aHO'HUMHOC a O,AHOCHO xaxo 3B,MeH3 H3 CBO ...

~

epa-mare nOTnHCU aa OrJJ;J]lCJlHH BlllAHH aD] Bonn HIUI BK'OBO'}lD-

r,enM aa Opraaasanajara, "0 "peA ce, KatKO acjlH'pMaqnja,~ aSTeH=

.

THilfHOCT' Ii BepO']1IOcTO~HOCT Uti rtocroerse II ,P;en'YB8fLe U3 MaKe ..

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neqaTHTe O,P; B'peMeTO' aa MrrHH~eH'CKOTOr BJOCTaUHe TeXHH 1- KU He ce T-onKY np,If.'MH'THBHO H~]'pa6oTeHH, Ha.KrO ce npaaeaa aa pa'~JIHU xanana, CUTe ce 80 Ao6pa cocrejfia H ce 'O;Q MeT3,H (OpOHaa )., L:30 'Ce.KOj De t:laT 8M'H, nere HJ];3 (TeI<:CT), o'J{}JIeneH,8 co g'PY*IYH J1UKHH" a DO cpeA.HHa,T,B e asrpaaapaa a,Mekql~~M13. H roa caao DB, enna CTpaH8, aape-ten .aaepc",

Tne H:ajue'poj,aTHo Gone npasena BO ConYH <,3;Qe urro paoorene uorone·M 61poj 3BHRreT H' H Ka~'e, nrro nocroene YCJlOBH la, nneramro Jl;en:yualLe, 6HJI;'eju rpanor o,un rOJIeM co U8,JJ; CTO' H'Jlj a;a;1! ,:I(H.TenM,., ~ 32

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KH ---,aJn'pH,HH co nereana'ra, O:J!ltHOCHO T,e!c]CTOTI co OTDe1.laTOKorr~

129 )l,=p Anexca H8~fh, CTapH ,cpnc,KH e-ta If u r.pOOH,R" HOBtl CiUl! _'91 O~ 11.

130. Ilocrojar ne":J,3.'TIH: WTO ce Hlpa60TY83JUf on K.aMen i(~~Hmal'~) IU1R rOA BOCOK (EHQHKnO,neJlHja JljIliKOBHHX YMeTI-IOO'JM,,- 4" 3-3r'peo" ,t 966\,1 200-201 l: S, AtiiJlto ~Iak~ t~CTorru).

131 ~ De lila THTe MO',)!Ka,1r~ na 6 ~.naT 11 00]; ne:rel-mll'U '!' l:I 01 M'OW He per 1(0 Twe A,a 6HJl,e asrpa BMP3'1] H [00 Itpen I'li it T3 (A. i1:B,u'h, "CTOTO~ l J,).

131 MaKe:n;o.HH.ja 1(3KO np~lpotDlrf.l3 til ~'J()o.t[O'MCKa u.e11l1U18 (npeaon o~ oyrapcKHl ja.Jf-n;)~, ' KO je, ~ 97;8, 19 i

78

Q'Tn.E''qATOK on nE1LJlATOT

HA 'PEB10JrYQHOHEP, ATA 'OPfAHI13AQHJA FIA K,YMAHOBCK' TA O'K'OJlHJA

Osoj rre-rar e oparaaaneaa ce qyBa ·0 l1CTOPHCKII.OT' MY3ej 80 KYM3HOBO. Tlpoaajnen e cnytajH10 'BO ~.959 rO~IIHa npa pe-

.il ..

Hos·npa.}b·eT'O na KYK3T3 sa .He:IGOraWHlHOT BOJBOPl3 on KYM3HOBi=

'C:K OT xpaj AOHe I'panaurea. Hena'ror ce naoran BO M'8l1'3 KyTHja lUTO' 6Hna, 'CK)."UleHaJ ua 'TamaHO . neqaT10T ['0 npoaauron Jop}l.8l' AaBlle,BCKH" ((oj R ro npejran na 1l.yBaIbe ua HCTO:PHCK.HO'T' apxaa DO K" vu3HO'BO- ~33

! I.:'A.IJJ ,_: ;·~·,'I. . ... j~'~~'J. __ '_.' ," I ..... ,

Flesaror n pererasyea M:eT3n.8a DII'Ot.IK.a 11HjB. OCH.OBa e. DO enHnCOBH;EJlH3l q,OpM8 [34 co' rrpe'LIHHK 'o~ 41 : 36 MM',. Jle6eJIHH'.aT3 aa nno-ncara Ria lKoja e aarpasapat TeKCTOT 'HlHecYBa 3 'MM', a 6YKB,n:re. H3 TeKCT,QTl35 ce w'U:PO,Kll 4· J\,fM Ii KPY>K ,0 ce H,3rpaBH-

133 B ·'C' ...... M ii X"X'mv 213 '1:'... II I IX' ~ 9'c9 c. A' A

' '. ~'Ji.l..l1U;Vua ~,' ,,' w ", " " o...;,orpa i! .w II. .,. _ ~',J! 'Ii u: . "'. ' 'UCOBCKlt.

n poHajne H e ",e~a.TOT o~ n;peM e1'O' 1:1 a III Im I~ 'I [A't'U WCK'OTO BOC'Ta H ~1e I·U) rn 8D.UOIf H3 e;luma crapa '!'.llia ao Ky HUtOBO, a, .Hoea M,8K: J];ofu'Ija u 8 .. , mx 1959, B/~Ul9=j,_ [3.4 , .e ~I a T~fTe· 'Mo*a T na 11 "1 aar pa "],1. [M 1(IUJpM If[! K aso: rpxenea [-) H, TpnafiOJUUi~ KU3,npa "M HT~~. (S. A ntoljak , UCTOTOm 115,- ~ 17).

~ .l~i' Tlocrojar ne I:UII"Ir~ Il,2Il KOH 6:H J1Ile i13rpa B'K-paIJ ~I C8MO fiy K B,H 'i! nOTOO rpH,rypn "JUI noprperu co rp6 Hnl>l ea Hero, co nOTHlfC, ~H~TrnHC LiTH. (E U U;)~ KJIDOnep;uj a n'~K'CM sorpa (Ix war 3U'BOIla.., 5' • 3arpeGI~ 19'611 69 ],-694; (S. Antoljak, ~(CTOTO~ ~] '1.).

79

pa HI1 lUTO y6aeo, ce :r nena na orne ~ma.TOKOT ~ A~16J'H~;M'OT e =, arpaanpau BO nHnC'OBJtIl);HO none 80 . rp ']HHK OA 35 : 25 ).11\1: ICO C~I- '.'60JI1-Te H8 Opranuaauajara: KaMa mmrron u excnnonapana oO!\f6a. Ha}laMG,n,eMorr asrpaaaps HH ce !()'Y'KB T1e:: CB,. H,fll1 eM. WTO 3Ha,'1:18T '1IC'Bo60,~a an c ~-1'DP1""'b'h .. ~ 36 Flno-rsara e npauapcreaa · .. a. ;QP)K.3.JIK8 COl ABa urparba Hal paerojaune O'A 22 'MM., Bacanara na nexa'ro ... 331eJ)l;HO co n'p>K8n:KHT,3 H3Hecysa 73 M\.'I, a CaMaTH AP,)KanK8 BHCO'Ka 70 MM, AonHu',o' .. en H'3 ;Qp)KDll ca a

8M3 KOiHYCH'a Ict>OpUa. CO eJ1HnCOBU~eH 6a,3HC co . :pe'LIHHK o;q 401 :

32 MM" KOUyCOT Ice iCTecHy.B8J aa '8 caaa 0,' 30 MM H ~06l[B3 WB ... 'p'HHla lo;tt 8 'MM, in noroa npO~01l)KyBa DO ODnUK, na xyna ,Koj ee nponrapyaa narope 'n '33BpWy.BB co Dlon.YTO.[JKa. co' OfSe:M 0'111 9,4,,2 MM"

OPHflfHA.n·HHOT' nEqAT HA PEBO.nYQHOiHEPHATA DiP '3AQHJAHA K.YMA:HOBCKAT:A. OKOJrnJA

Oooji n:e~J,a,T e H"CTOI TaKa opUrUH3J1eH'" co nCT TleKeT KaKOM rrperxonaaor. Toj ce qYBa BO AP'XHBO'T Ha Ma.'Ke,~oHBj,(JJ Be Csonje.

nC1LnaTOT npeT'IcTtlBYB8 MeT,alllHa Kpy>KHa nnO'1K3 co npeuaax OJJ( 28 MM H .e6enHHa 01l, 61 MM. T,e~CTOT' e H3rpaBHpan '0 K -' 'y""V 'l)iO non ',iQ! BO" I W if;!' pO" H T.JI!H·,a o· In' ,4, - 'M~ A' :8, 6' y'" K' '-0- T]I'T' Pi 1i""',Q 'Q! co: . "Klt.ll

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80

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HA PEBO'JIYUHO'HEP'H,ATA 'O,P'rA ,VJ'3AQH'JA HA, 'K'Y,MAHO'BCKATA O,K'ODHJA

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IcoUHjaJ11H8 cn:oooJ]t,a. 137 O~ eJlRaT,a erpaaa e H3rpaBupaH naurron, a QQ npyrara 6YKBHTe: CB" MH. eM. 'WTO 3Ha~H, xaxo 'R xaj PIPyrHTe n'ieqaTH ;"CBololo;qa HJlH ICM:~iPT1:.u~ TYKB e aanpaseaa TeXH)I~a rpemxa, T e." MeCTO H3rpaSM'PaH3Ta 6YKBH. M TJ,l.6a,no ;0;3 6H;Q;e aarpasapaaa 6YK:RaT,a 11 (. na) ..

III

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'HA, THKB,EDlKH'OT PEBOJIYQHOHEfEH PEOR

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Jleua'ror e npoaajnea BO KyKa.Ta .. ~a }b,y,nqo ,BY~~~OB 0)1; H,erO'TH,HO HO' 198.0. ro'B;HH3" To1' e oparaaanea " 10,' Qy,Ba, ,BO Mysejo Ha rpanor Heroraao,

neq,aTOT npe T,el .asysa MeTaJ1Ha. enHnC~OBHp:Ha nnosxa co npe1JHHK O~, 43 : 26 MM~ Hesea ,~p>KanKa KojamTO e aajsepoj T:00 3arY'I6eHa~ 6'H~ejKH sa, CaM,3'f3 nno-nca (,,:Bae'pc"") ocraaane Tp,arH: o~ JlenHJ10T0~ Ilperrrocraeysaae J);'eKa, 'Dun:a n;pBeHa I, Te.KCTOT HMla, .BH.COltfHH·a H,I, D'YKBH,Te. O;U; 2,l. ,_ 3. MM' R3rpaBHpaHH BOI none co WUPO'JUHB 01.1;: 4 - 5 MM .. Ileaaror e e;m;,HHCT8e·H no' IToa WTO' :80 ,eJlHn'COgJ.lD~'O none co npev HlJJK. O'~ 3, l : l3 Mrd He,Ma H'lrpa·uH'·p.aH aM.6,neM" TyX.y Ut3.M'ecro uero lW'3rpa,Bupau:u ce 6po-' eBH,Te H.n'~ Crropen H8.WeTO C,O'3,U3HHe THe ']Ha:~aT':: M" rrps peBO,JlYI(HOiHepe'H oxpyr, DO cn:y·q:aJOB 'T,oa e conYUCKHOT, a 7~ peon,

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noxpaj YW,Te ~pyrBT,e oe1ilIYM' peo 'H,,13R

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amna NeOQp;rurroeH,a, 8. BQC'Ii'!~n ae M3K.3'" WTO 'He Mf:UU{Y nyfie 6une rOTOBH Aa CT3rH1T BO lBocral'IH~J'Kt~1ie pe1t0BH~ 3a BDCT,a,I-lHero '80 THKBe,w~o BHlUt K,aj It .MlnIH~D" 3.a 11.1;,0 ue M~'C,T,'U.a Tlue eeWKO" e6., 'HJ1IHH.Q,e,HcKo-n' eOIOp,3- )f( eHCK'OTO D"bCTa.Ulue M xa] llH~ e Boea, J{06PM nacK.an,oIM: KaJDa.Q~PlJtH'I ~ '959~

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139' C opePl, K3JKYBaIbero Ha C"JiOj~H :UOt[eo,. neqaT'OT ro nO~[eco,n Foue ;Q,en.qeoJ IO~ C'onYH BOo 1900 rO'J];UHa n M,Y ro npenan ua ueroaaor TH'J'KO. Henoepeneu OHTaK.T co neoqa,TOIJ' Crojau U.oueol _i,Man no MJUl,AOTYPcKaTa pel101Jlyu.~ja. Oil. 1908 OOP;HH a. , topr.~'1 TpajKo8cKM~ ne~aTOIT na C pYP.Ut1..JKliOT OK PY.)I(ell M,BKe,QOHO-OApell-IIC 11tH pe'Bon YLV;fOi tepea KoOM l~,TeT, Ky,JllTypl-~O H acnenCTBO vn (19"16~1918)~ CKOl1je, ] 978! 243-·245~ B~ M', 3aWTlrn:H yWTe en;eH 3ua"laelil HCT0p'~CK,n A'OKYMeH 'i D'"I uHo,sa MaK.leAoH'l1ja,U1 20. ~x. 1911jl" XXXII '~02:95, Cxon]e, 10. Aa CIJOM1itMe p;e.K3 concreeUMK:Crr ua OBOj ne- ,aT re ~,yl~fUl ~~ lna Mere OJ]l, apestero na H JUt H;lle ~ [C KOTO 'BOC1"3 I He. 3,a raJ~OLll ro e ~ re rOBOl'"O HCl.feJl1ysa,lbe! 'I1MCtlO" TOS 6uno HCTaKH,a1"O 1-13 JJ;l!lIDOT .~a, oc1!lofiop,yoornbeTO HI, ICTPy,p.u~ua 19'45 ro.~~tlla H OTIotr,am My ce JarYUlllna cexaxsa l"para:~ Ocrauano ~a6ene)t(a,uo Ca.MO 1~](~rOROTO IHC:K,a}KyBa,u~e nexa :n~cU.-feT'O ij~JlO ncnro '80 CM ,00 POl003 6oja, M co CpM,eHt~ peca, a :001 CpeJ1i~H,a a 6HJl,a Hse3eua MoO'lll so HaUMOIHIJU~a JlOcnja, co 'CHHI.UtP"t ua pauere co 06'~yBarnbe ;Q,2il rM cxuue, Ileuec 'la lwerO :!·UIWWI I:-I'~ '::nrae'MC. :npeTnOCTHOYM e .Q~1<3 e neK3,p;e 0 y'reHo 'lB. ,HOlDa Ma K,eAoH M j a ~ \ 11'3](;1.'001'0. ).,

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84

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85

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144 lOA MeMOO pare aa 'TOAOPI Eupja:p' 3a:r1I:awalUii O}ll MM· a, .AUApeCKM;' En a)l(e PMCTOBC,Kl'I tl n liTY ry 11] UJ BO M3Kego HCKa Tt3 peUOJilyqHoHep'H3 ua pQ1aHB.

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93

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~ apon 38 .Her0B8T3 aanaoaanxa ,n conajanaa ICJ1060,~a, H uesaBMeR,oe'l' ..

1163 'Ymlle 0 1954 ~OAH"a YHECKO "M,a Jl'OHeCeuo npeJl110r 3B nOjl,!!JI.Qa, Ha, MY3CjCKMO"f M8T,ep,J:tjan no .Ka,TerOp]c~~ t(BH~.H: ,H~ Lavanshery ~ A~ Noblecnurt, Les tesnlques de protection des biens sulturels en cas de Icun:fmit ,mr-mc,

UN' cSC- 0 D· 1 t1J45 .;1/11"-)

I, .t:.:" '...:' ,:,I~ f"'M]S'II :__ i! .:,~ '" l' •

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94

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BepCKHTe 10 - penen'6u,., I

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