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Comefri I&M English
Comefri I&M English
( November 1999)
Centrifugal Fans - Installation Operating and Maintenance Manual
1.0 FOREWORD
All Comefri Fans are manufactured according to our Quality Assurance System, in accordance
with UNI-EN 29001 (ISO 9001); since 1987 our Quality System is certified by BSI (certificate
no. FM-1403). Moreover all fans equipped with motor and belt drive are tested accurately
before leaving the factory.
However, obvious or hidden damage can occur due to a not correct installation or mishandling.
These operating instructions, complemented with the national Standards, Regulations and
Directives, must closely be observed to avoid uncorrect applications or possible damages
caused by risks even with correct applications. They must be read and observed by all personell
engaged on works involving fans.
Failure to comply with proper Installation Procedures may void the warranty. Manufacturer's
warranty does not apply following unauthorised and unacceptable conversions or alterations to
the product.
Comefri’s centrifugal fans, double or single inlet type, can be completed with a wide range of
accessories, according to application and installation requirements.
Particular attention must be paid in case of direct contact with rotating parts. If this is the case,
kindly ask for specific protection measures.
The technical data and the permissible limits are to clearly listed on fane plate. It's absolutely
not allowed to exceed the machine limits. For particular executions not foreseen in the
catalogues, kindly contact Comefri
2.3 Application
The fans are intended to move dust-free air or lightly dusty air. They are not suitable for
aggressive gases, vapours or dusty air. The improper use may cause damages to bearings,
corrosion, unbalancing of the impeller and vibrations.
Permissible operating temperature range for all fan types is - 20 °C - + 60 °C.
For temperatures outside of this range, kindly contact Comefri in order to define the appropriate
execution.
The max. ambient temperature of the standard drive motor is + 40 °C.
Fan operation in areas with combustible gases, vapours, fumes or with a possible danger of
explosion must adhere to explosion-proof guidelines.
These fans can be supplied in a spark-proof version conforming to the provisions of German
Standard VDMA 24 169, 3.1- 3.2 and 3.4
IEC 79-10 International Standard, , defines three zones of danger, according to the frequency
and period of time that a dangerous concentration of an explosive mixture can occurr.
0 Constant, or for long time even where few shutdowns are expected
1 Likely to occur where more frequent shutdowns are expected
2 Rarely, or for short time in normal operation
The customer should check whether the requested execution meets the requirements of the
installation zone and the site regulations.
All Comefri fans are suitable for operating in Zone 2. German Standard VDE 0165 and VDE
0171 applies for the motor and their control elements.
In Zone 1 (Temperature class T1 – T3) fan operation is still possible under the following
conditions:
2. For bearings
Theoretical bearing-operating life L10 should be 40.000 hours minimum (the bearings should
possibly be installed outside the air flow).
3. Fan shaft
The fan shaft must be installed in horizontal position.
4. Maximum speed
The maximum admitted operating speed must be reduced by 20% in comparison with the
catalogue data.
5. Pulleys
The allowable shaft power for the chosen pulleys must be reduced by 30%.
6. V-belts
V-belts must be electrostatically conductive; at least three belts must be used.
7. Protection
To prevent any possible ingestion of foreign elements inside the fan, protections according to
the safety regulations should be provided.
2.6 Storage
Adequate storage must be provided to protect the fans from dirt and moisture. Use of a
tarpaulin to cover the unit will aid in keeping it clean and dry. Do not use plastic sheets, as they
will promote condensation, specially in hot and umid environments. Permissible storage
temperature range is -20 °C and +45 °C.
With a storage time longer than 6 months, release the tension of the belts and rotate manually
the shaft in order to allow a better distribution of the grease inside the bearings.
3.0 INSTALLATION
Installation has only to be carried out by trained personnel in observance of these Operating
Instructions.
By choosing the fan you must consider the type of installation. Particular attention must be paid
to fans which have to be installed in atmosphere with humidity and critic temperatures.
The fans must be firmly fixed on a foundation or steel baseframes. The fixing must be made
avoiding any stress or deformation at the supporting structure. No forces or vibrations must be
transferred at the supporting structure. To this purpose use adequate antivibration dampers and
flexible connections for ducting.
An uncorrect fixing of the fan may affect the fan operation and generate dangerous situations.
Safety devices which have been removed from the machine must be re-installed before the
electrical connections are made.
The connection of the motor terminal box must be made in accordance with the information
given by the motor manufacturer. Motors with a nominal rating of 4kW can generally be direct
started while motors with a nominal rating > 4kW are usually star-delta of soft started.
The motor must be protected against overloading and particular care is required when using
motors with explosion protection or provided with thermistors. Damages due to insufficient
motor protection invalides the manufacturer's guarantee.
4.0 START-UP
4.1 Safety checks
- Disconnect and secure ot the “Off” position all electrical power to the fan.
- Check whether all mechanical and electrical safety devices have been fitted and connected.
The appropriate protection grids are available and must be expressely ordered according to
the type of installation of the fan and the DIN EN 294.
- Check the ducts and the fan for foreign bodies (tools, small components,etc.)
- Rotate the impeller by hand and assure no parts are rubbing
- Check the V-belt drive for proper alignment and tension
- Power setting, voltage and frequency for the main connections must be checked against the
fan or motor type plate
- Inspection openings (if they exist) must be closed.
The fan should be switched on briefly to check the direction of rotation of the impeller, which
should correspond to the one indicated by the arrow. Should the motor run in the wrong
direction, interchange any two of the three electrical leads. Single phase motors can be reversed
by chanching internal connections, as described on the motor label or wiring diaagram..
Always observe the electrical safety instructions.
On reaching the operating speed of the fan, immediately measure the delivered current and
compare it with the nominal current indicated on the motor type plate. In case of abnormal
current consumption, switch off immediately the motor.
After one hour of continuous run, stop the fan and check that belt tensioning is in accordance
with Point.5 and, if necessary, re-tension the belts.
5.0 MAINTENANCE
5.1 Safety notes
Before doing any maintenance operation on the fan it's imperative to ensure that:
- the drive motor is disconnected from all electric terminals
- the impeller has come to rest
- the surface temperature has been checked to prevent burning
- the impossibility of an uncontrolled running of the fan during the maintenance works
- no debris of damage or dangerous materials are inside the fan.
Only limited works may be carried out while in the operating condition and in observance of
the safety and accident prevention regulations (for ex. measurement of vibration).
The non-observance of these points endangers life for the maintenance personnel.
Depending on the type of transported media, wear and dirt can be expected inside the housing
and on the impeller (corrosion, abrasions, sticked materials). Regular inspection and cleaning
must take place. The intervals between them is to be fixed by the operator on accordance with
individual operating conditions.
It's recommended, depending on the installation site and type of fan-operation, to check
regularly the belt tension.
The test force must be calculated in accordance with the formula (1) and the values mentionned
on the table in Appendix:
Ea ≅ (E * e) / 100 (1)
where:
e = distance between shaft centres
E = test force for distance between shaft centres of 100mm
Ea = test force
The theoretical life L10 can be guaranteed only if the diametre of the pulley respects a minimal
value, i.e. if the permissible bearing loads are not exceeded. Allways replace damaged / weared
pulleys with new one of the same diameter.
The axle spacing should be reduced until the new belt/s can be easily fitted by hand. The re-
tensioning of the belts should be done in accordance with point 5.3
It's necessary to observe what stated out on chapter 4.0
Ensure that the motor pulley and the fan drive pulley are accurately aligned. Fit and
tension the belt in accordance with instructions.
The belt selection should be done by using our fan-selection program Aeolus. If not, do refer to
the technical catalogues.
Only electrostatically conductive belts are to be used with spark-proof execution (Ex-version)
fans.
5.7 Bearings
Like all components, the bearings must be periodically checked and if required cleaned and re-
lubrificated.
In heavy duty operating conditions (high speed or high humidity and dirt) we recommend to re-
lubrificate the bearings very often, for ex. every 2 weeks.
The re-lubrification intervals indicated on Appendix. 1 apply for fans with horizontal shaft and
with temperature which do not exceed +60°C.
To consider the accelerated ageing of the grease by high temperatures, it's opportune to reduce
by half the re-lubrification interval you can desume from the diagram for each 15°C of
operating temperature augmentation of the bearing over +70°C (the max. admissible
temperature for the grease musn't in any case be exceeded - see Table YYY). By temperatures
below +70°C, the re-lubrification interval can be lengthened correspondingly (the re-
lubrification interval should never be more than doubled and at least once yearly - see diagram).
This instructions are to be considered a general reference and must be adapted to each single
fan application.
The bearings mounted on the fans are of different types according to the fans size and the
absorbed power.
The base and R-version are supplied with pre-greased sealed for life ball bearings. They are
guaranteed for a L10 life of 20.000 hours at peak performance. By changing the bearings it's
necessary to change the rubber too.
The T-version fans are supplied with re-greasable ball bearings with plummer block.
The HLZ fans are supplied with splitted housing ball bearing type. These bearings are
regreasable and we recommend to substitute completely the grease after 2 re-lubrifications.
The grease quantity and regreasing interval depends from bearing type and rpm and are
indicated in the tables and figures in appendix.
1. Release the grains and remove the locking rings from the bearings using of punch and
hammer. Unthread the locking rings from the shaft. By mean of appropriate tools hold the shaft
in order to avoid damages to the wheel and inlet cone.
2. Remove the cross bearings from the side plates and unthread the cross bearings from the
shaft. Replace bearings and rubber rings. Mount new bearings and new rubber rings on cross-
arms.
3. Mount the cross-bearings on the side-plates having care to centre the impeller on the inlet
cone. Fix the cross-bearings on the side plates tightening the bolts. Thread and tighten the
locking rings on the bearings; then tighten the grains on the locking rings too. Turn the wheel in
order to check the correct rotation.
1. Release the grains and remove the locking rings from the bearings using of punch and
hammer. Remove the pins form the cast-iron pillow block and release the bolts. Unthread the
cast-iron pillow blocks from the shaft. By mean of appropriate tools hold the shaft in order to
avoid damages to the wheel and inlet cone.
3. Mount the cast-iron pillow blocks on the frames having care to centre the impeller on the
inlet cone. Fix the cast-iron pillow blocks on the frames tightening the bolts. Thread and
tighten the locking rings on the bearings then tighten the grains on the locking rings too. Turn
the wheel in order to check the correct rotation.
Replacement of bearings mounted into single cast-iron single blocks SKF mod. SNL:
1. Unlock the block cover releasing the bolts located on both sides. By mean of appropriate
tools hold the shaft in order to avoid damages to the wheel and inlet cone.
2. Remove the locking rings from the bearing side (note that only one bearing is equipped with
the locking rings) and the half sealing rings from the bottom and upper part of the block
housing after have cleaned of the grease.
3. Slide out the bearings straightening the feather key of threaded ring placed on the bush;
release the threaded ring from both sides using of punch and hammer. Place the bearings;
tighten the bush my mean of the threaded ring and bend the feather key.
4. Mount the new seal ring inside the grooves located on the bottom part of the block. Place the
greased group shaft/bearing over the block basement. Mount one of more locating rings on the
side of one bearing only (the other bearing will not be locked). Place the other seal ring inside
the upper part of the block. Place the upper part of the block over the bottom part and tighten
the bolts. Fill the bearing with the proper grease.
6.0 TROUBLESHOOTING
____________________ __________________
1) for the complete list of applied standards and technical specifications see the manufacturer's documentation
2) where not relevant harmonized standards exist.
Appendix
Table 1
Belt Type Test load for each belt Smaller Pulley Diameter Belt displacement for 100 mm
f (N) dk (mm) E (mm)
56 ≤ 71 2,45
> 71 ≤ 90 2,20
SPZ 25
> 90 ≤ 125 2,05
> 125 1,90
71 ≤ 100 3,20
> 100 ≤ 140 2,75
SPA 50
> 140 ≤ 200 2,55
> 200 2,45
112 ≤ 160 3,00
> 160 ≤ 224 2,55
SPB 75
> 224 ≤ 355 2,22
> 355 2,10
180 ≤ 250 2,55
> 250 ≤ 355 2,20
SPC 125
> 355 ≤ 560 2,00
> 560 1,90
TLZ/THLZ B / R
INA SKF
Fan size Bore (mm) Unit Rubber Ring Bearing Unit Rubber Ring Bearing
160 – 180
200 – 225 20 RABR-B 20/52 RABR-B 47/52 RAE 20 NPPB CYS 20 FM RIS 20 YET 204
– 250
280 – 315 25 RABR-B 25/62 RABR-B 52/62 RAE 25 NPPB CYS 25 FM RIS 25 YET 205
355 - 400 30 RABR-B 30/72 RABR-B 62/72 RAE 30 NPPB CYS 30 FM RIS 30 YET 206
450 - 500 35 RABR-B 35/80 RABR-B 72/80 RAE 35 NPPB CYS 35 FM RIS 35 YET 207
TLZ/THLZ T
INA SKF
Fan size Bore (mm) Unit Support Bearing Unit Support Bearing
160 – 180
200 – 225 20 PASE 20 ASE 04 GRAE 20 NPPB SY 20 FM SY 504 M YET 204
– 250
900 -
1000 60 PASE 60 ASE 12 GRAE 60 NPPB -- -- --
HLZ B/R
HLZ - R version HLZ - R version
INA SKF
Fan size Bore (mm) Unit Rubber Ring Bearing Unit Rubber Ring Bearing
RIS 35
400 35 RABR-B 35/80 RABR-B 72/80 RAE 35 NPPB CYS 35 FM YET 207
HLZ T
INA SKF
Fan size Bore (mm) Unit Support Bearing Unit Support Bearing
SKF
Fan size Bore (mm) Bearing Block Bearing Locking ring Bush Sealing ring
560 - 630 50 SNL 513-611 1311 EK FRB 11/120 P H 311 TSN 611 G
710 - 800 60 SNL 516-613 1313 EK FRB 12,5/140 P H 313 TSN 613 G
900 -
1000 60 SNL 516-613 2313 EK FRB 5/140 H 2313 TSN 613 G
TZAF B/R
INA SKF
Fan size Bore (mm) Unit Rubber Ring Bearing Unit Rubber Ring Bearing
355 - 400 30 RABR-B 30/72 RABR-B 62/72 RAE 30 NPPB CYS 30 FM RIS 30 YET 206
450 - 500 35 RABR-B 35/80 RABR-B 72/80 RAE 35 NPPB CYS 35 FM RIS 35 YET 207
RUBBER RUBBER
560 - 630 40 -- RING D. 40 RAE 40 NPPB -- RING D. 40 YET 208
RUBBER RUBBER
710 50 -- RING D. 50 RAE 50 NPPB -- RING D. 50 YET 210
TZAF T1
INA SKF
Fan size Bore (mm) Unit Support Bearing Unit Support Bearing
GRAE 30
355 - 400 30 PASE 30 ASE 06 NPPB SY 30 FM SY 506 M YET 206
GRAE 35
450 - 500 35 PASE 35 ASE 07 NPPB SY 35 FM SY 507 M YET 207
GRAE 40
560 - 630 40 PASE 40 ASE 08 NPPB SY 40 FM SY 508 M YET 208
GRAE 50
710 - 800 50 PASE 50 ASE 10 NPPB SY 50 FM SY 510 M YET 210
900 - GRAE 60
1000 60 PASE 60 ASE 12 NPPB -- -- --
GE 70
1120 70 RASE 70 S ASE 14 KRRB S -- -- --
SKF
Fan size Bore (mm) Bearing Block Bearing Locking ring Bush Sealing ring
TZAF T2
INA SKF
Fan size Bore (mm) Unit Support Bearing Unit Support Bearing
GRAE 35
355 - 400 35 PASE 35 ASE 07 NPPB SY 35 FM SY 507 M YET 207
GRAE 40
450 - 500 40 PASE 40 ASE 08 NPPB SY 40 FM SY 508 M YET 208
GNE 50
560 50 RSAO 50 SAO 10 KRRB -- -- --
SKF
Fan size Bore (mm) Bearing Block Bearing Locking ring Bush Sealing ring
710 - 800 60 SNL 516-613 1313 EK FRB 12,5/140 P H 313 F TSN 613 G
900 -
1000 60 SNL 516-613 2313 EK FRB 5/140 H 2313 TSN 613 G
1120 -
1250 75 SNL 517 22217 EK FRB 12,5/150 H 3173 TSN 517 G
Table 4. - Grease quantity for re-lubrication of SKF SNL type splitted-housing pillow block
bearings
Fan size 560 630 710 800 900 1000
M (g) φD(mm) M (g) φD(mm) M (g) φD(mm) M (g) φD(mm) M (g) φD(mm) M (g) φD(mm)
Table 5. - Grease quantity for initial filling or complete re-filling for SKF SNL type splitted-
housing pillow block bearings
Fan size 560 630 710 800 900 1000
M (g) φD(mm) M (g) φD(mm) M (g) φD(mm) M (g) φD(mm) M (g) φD(mm) M (g) φD(mm)
Comefri declines any responsibility for damages and inconveniences which can be sustained
as direct or undirect consequences of methods, procedures and applications in contradiction
or in not full correspondence with the instructions given by this document.
Comefri reserves the right to modify and update this document without any duty to give notice
to the previous Users.
For any further information and clarification concerning the above contents, contact Comefri
S.p.A., Air Conditioning Fans Division, Magnano in Riviera (UD).