SITAMARHI.

WHAT’S INSIDE?

1. MY FEELINGS. 2
2. INTRODUCTION. 3
3. LOCATION. 4
4. TOPOGRAPHY. 4
5. LAND USE PATTERN. 5
6. AGRICULTURE. 5
7. DEMOGRAPHY. 6
8. MARKET. 7
9. SOCIAL STRUCTURE. 7
10. EDUCATION AND LITERACY. 8
11. SOCIO-ECONOMIC STRUCTURE. 9-11
12. NATURAL DISASTER. 11-13
13. ELUCIDATION. 14
14. CRIME, FACTS AND FIGURES 14-15
15. TOURIST PLACES. 16-18
16. TRAVEL AND TOURISM. 19-20
17. OBJECTIVES. 21
18. HOW TO DEVELOP TOURISM IN SITAMARHI? 22
19. WHERE DO SITAMARHI LACK? 23
20. CHARTS. 24-25
21. REFERENCES. 26
22. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT. 27

Page | 1
SITAMARHI.

MY FEELINGS.

It has been a long time, when I started to think about my hometown Sitamarhi. I had
inferior feeling for my district, whenever I heard about Ayodhya. Birth place of lord
Ram is so popular worldwide, but the birth place of Maa Sita is hardly known to the
people of Bihar. This was the first time, I got an eternal voice for the development of
Sitamarhi. In a male dominated society, survival of even female deity is not an easy
affair. I think so.

Sitamarhi has sufficient tourism resource, but the political When the district was crafted
instability and natural calamities had made the path difficult out , it was considered that the
tourism resource can run the
to explore it. Whether we talk about the disastrous economy of the district. The
earthquake of 1934, which left nothing inside the city except perception later changed and
ruins or the annual flood from Lakshmana and Baghmati the district became a cataract
in the eyes of politicians , they
River, which ruins the agro based economy of the district. exploited the local people but
Sitamarhi was politically unstable; tension prevailed on none of them opted for the
various issues of casteism, communalism, nepotism etc. But exploitation of tourism
resource.
now the situation has changed, people are living in harmony
with each other. Mass participation of people in religious
festivals from all the religions and the peace and love in the
city is worth watching.

Political stability, prevention from natural calamities and communal harmony has
changed the prevailing face of the city and nearby. I will be selfish in developing
Sitamarhi and completely harnessing the tourism resource. I have some ideas. I will be
sharing through this report.

Page | 2
SITAMARHI.

INTRODUCTION

Sitamarhi, a word manipulated from “Sitamahi”, Mahi means a hermit, Sitamarhi

means a hermit of Sita, and Sita word is derived from “sit”, the lowest part of a plough
madeup of iron, which striked the earthen pot and Sita came out of it. The
mythological history of this
place dates back to treta
yug, 7,00,000 years back.

This place is not only the

birth place of Maa Sita, but
it is also the spiritual centre
for many sages and saints.
Pundrik rishi had his hermit
in pundrik aranya, punaura
of nowadays. Maharshi
bodhayan, Bhringi rishi and
many other names are
associated to the district.

This is the birth place of

Maa Sita, but it was famous for its annual flood situation.it was declared as most
undeveloped district in country by the India Today in the year 2003.earlier during
floods, this district had made its identity as
an island of north Bihar, completely drowned
in water and disconnected from all sides. The
situation is now under control by the present
government of Bihar, by the construction of
various roads, bridges and embankments.
Now, this district is easily accessible by rail
and road, without any obstruction.

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SITAMARHI.

LOCATION

Sitamarhi district, a part of north Bihar, is

situated on the Indo-Nepal Border at
85.500latitude and 26.330 longitudes. It is
surrounded by Madhubani and Darbhanga
districts of Bihar and part of Nepal in the
east, Muzaffarpur in the south, East
Champaran in the west and Nepal in the
north. The district had a mythological
past; days back to the period of Raja
Janak, from where Sita emerged. Earlier it
was a sub-division of Muzaffarpur district
and got the status of a separate district on
11th December, 1972 with 3 sub-divisions,
viz., Sitamarhi Sadar, Pupri and Sheohar.
On 6th October, 1994, the Sheohar sub-
division was also declared as a new
district. The present Sitamarhi district has 3 sub-divisions again and 17 blocks. There
are 1037 villages (including 53 uninhabited villages) in the district. The total number
of Panchayats is 298.

TOPOGRAPHY
Topographically, the district forms a part of the Bihar plains and it is almost
completely leveled and at no point does its elevation exceed 80 meters above the sea
level. The only diversities seen on the surface are those caused by the fluvial action of
rivers. The important rivers of the district are Baghmati, Lakhandei and Adhwara
group of rivers. It has therefore all the advantages and disadvantages of being
surrounded by rivers which are flooded during rains and mostly dry during summers.

Page | 4
SITAMARHI.

LAND USE PATTERN

The total reporting area of the district is 258127.29 hectares out of which negligible
area is under forest and 39258.25 hectares area is not available for cultivation. The
land use pattern in the district in four categories is given below.

LAND USE PATTERN

Area under forest Area not available for cultivation
Cultivable area Culturable waste
Irrigated area Unirrigated area

0%
0%

28%

63% 8%
1%

Agriculture

The agricultural land of Sitamarhi is

one of the most fertile lands in world.
But except wheat and maize, everything
is either destroyed in flood or gets
affected by the drought. Due to these
natural disasters; poor farmers are
forced to ply to the cities for their
livelihood. Most of them prefer to go to
Patna, Delhi and Punjab. It is amazing

Page | 5
SITAMARHI.
that most of them prefer the job of rickshaw puller.

DEMOGRAPHY.

According to the census 1991, the total population of the district was 23.91 lakh
constituted by 4,13,463 families. This gives an average family size of 5.8. Of the total
population, 53.1 percent (12.70 lakh) were males and 46.8 percent (11.20 lakh)
females. In other words, the sex ratio was very adverse with 882 females for every
1000 male population. It was very low as compared to 912 for Bihar and 929 for the
country as a whole. The sex
ratio has been decreasing. It
was 934 in 1981 and Population Distribution
drastically reduced to 882 in
1991. While there were few Minority
Schedules Tribes (STs) in the 21%
S.T.
district, Scheduled Castes 0% General
(SCs) constituted 12.12 S.C. S.C.
percent of the total population. 12% S.T.
The density of population in
Minority
the district was 910 per sq.
k.m. as compared to the General
average density of 497 persons 67%
per sq. k.m. for Bihar as a
whole. It implied that the

Page | 6
SITAMARHI.
pressure of population of children per school was very high and the schools should
have more space.

Market

The city has a sufficient market to

cater the daily needs of the people.
All the products available in
market comes from Muzaffarpur
and Patna.markets near to Nepal
border has abundance of Chinese
products. All kind of digital
products can be found here. Many
youths in the border area are
involved in smuggling items from
Nepal. The illegal import is too
difficult to check, as the
international border is not fenced. Locals grow vegetables in abundance and there is
“gudri” market, which provides them a good place to get good price.

SOCIAL STRUCTURE
In this district, both nuclear and joint family system prevails. But, joint family system
is common in rural areas and nuclear family system in urban areas. All the families are
paternal, where father looks after the livelihood and external affairs and mother cares
children and looks inside all family matters. Untouchability prevails in society, mostly
in the rural area. In the city, it has been abolished completely. Division on the basis of
caste and religion is on its peak high. The occupants of “mohallas” have common
understanding and they don’t want the intrusion of people from other caste in their
mohalla. None of the mohalla have both Hindus and Muslims and none of the
“mohalla” can have both “bhumihars” and “yadavs” .the national minority of Muslim
is in majority in the district, they constitute a total of around 20% of total population,
then comes bhumihars and yadavs, having an approximate share of 20% and 18%
respectively. According to the data given in DPEP plan for Sitamarhi, there are

Page | 7
SITAMARHI.
256445 families living below poverty line. These constitute 63.5 percent of the total
number of 403648 families in the district.

EDUCATION AND LITERACY.

The overall literacy rate of
the district is 38.50% which 60.00%
Literacy rate
is too less as compared to
the national literacy rate of 50.00%

70%. Education is 40.00%

unfamiliar to the scheduled
30.00%
castes and scheduled tribes
residing in the district, 20.00%
22.20% of them are literate;
10.00%
females in SC have a
literacy rate of 8.50%. 0.00%
Overall male female
the district has got some Literacy rate 38.50% 49.40% 26.10%
good educational institutions
like Jawahar Navodaya
Vidyalaya and DAV public Literacy rate(SC)
30.00%
school , but the lack of basic
infrastructure in the 25.00%
government schools is a
20.00%
matter of concern for this
district. However, the 15.00%
construction of new
10.00%
buildings in past few years
have shown a new face of 5.00%
the development oriented
government of Bihar and 0.00%
Overall male female
local politicians. Literacy rate(SC) 22.20% 24.60% 8.50%

Page | 8
SITAMARHI.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC STRUCTURE
It must be obvious from the above analysis that Sitamarhi presents a spectre of
backwardness characterised by stagnant economy, lack of infrastructure, lack of
enterpreneurship and little investment in development and economic growth. If we try
to go into its causes, the most important cause would be the socio-economic structure
of the district. As a matter of fact, this is the cause as well as the effect of under
development.

The social structure of Sitamarhi is characterised by clear cut divisions on caste lines.
The position in caste hierarchy is the determining factor for social relationships,
behavioural patterns and cultural norms. Here, the composition of society has all the
castes and sub-castes. There are Brahmins, Rajputs, Bhumihars, Yadavas, Kurmis and
the castes now include OBCs and the scheduled castes divided into sub-castes like
Paswan, Chamars and the
lowest in the rung -Mushars. Per Capita Expenditure
In Sitamarhi, the
180
reminiscents of a feudal 160
140
society now well saddled in 120
100
the form of semi-feudalism 80
60
40
are so pronounced that one
Rs.

20
0
could feel its impact as soon s
p
as he enters the rural scene. e higher
D rimary
c e
The inequalities in the r
o
m e
d
inking edical d
erstwhile Zamindars and water
ndary
u
u
e cation
their subordinates pervade cation
d
through each and every
Per Capita Expenditure 10.83 164.66 40.37 0.34 43.02
realm of life.

The socio-economic structure in Sitamarhi revolves basically round the land

ownership or ownership of productive assets and the assetless people. As in Bihar as a
whole, the caste and class are so intermingled that it is difficult to make any
distinction while judging the status of a person.

It is a well known fact that the land reforms in Bihar has no impact and there is a very
skewed distribution of land. Either there are owners of very small holdings or very

Page | 9
SITAMARHI.
large holdings. The owners of large holdings mostly belong to the upper or middle
castes. For examples Rajputs, Bhumihars, Yadavas and Kurmis are among the main
land owners having sizable holdings. Although the lower castes and small land owners
might form the numerical majority in any multi caste village, the lower castes could
not become dominant castes. The dominance emerged out of the control over land and
other resources available in the village along with the legitimization of such
ownership by caste ideology. It is now well recognized that inequalities in economy
and social inequalities are mutually reinforcing. The following generalizations made
by some studies on Bihar are equally applicable to Sitamarhi also:

i) Persistence of caste as an important feature of rural structure.

ii) Rural power structure being concentrated in the hands of dominant castes.

iii) Ownership of productive assets could enable a caste in improving its inter-se

position in social structure.

iv) Dominant castes mediating and controlling the flow of resources and

technology coming from outside into the rural society and usurping of benefits

meant for the weaker sections.

v) Phenomenon of dominant caste was a feature of contiguous region and cuts

across villages in a given region. The lower castes are still facing lots of
discrimination in
their day to day life. 35000
The women folk of 30000
these sections are 25000
worst victims of this. 20000
Their status is 15000
abysmally low. 10000
Without any asset 5000
base and social 0
Patna Sitamarhi
disability, the
GDDP(Gross District
disadvantaged Domestic Product)
29482 4392
sections are not able
to sustain any economic activity and they have to depend on others for livelihood.

Page | 10
SITAMARHI.
Consequently, they are subjugated and exploited. Due to their living being on
subsistence level and having no savings, they have to borrow money for meeting
social obligations and emergency needs like illness. The incidence of rural
indebtedness is very high. In such a situation, every member of the family whether old
or young has to be occupied in whatever work is available. This precludes their
participation in education.

As a matter of fact, non-participation of the disadvantaged groups in education and

other development activities should be seen in a historical perspective. It should be
realised that there is more to the poor than only rural poverty; that in their case, the
nature of social organisation of which they are an integral part, they have been at the
receiving end. The values they have inculcated and how they have oriented their
responses to the opportunities should also be seen in this background. Given these
disadvantages stretching back to centuries, it is meaningless to attribute to them a
capability for self help.

The socio-economic structure coupled with poverty and unemployment have further
lowered down the status of women, discrimination against girl child and low
educational status of the weaker sections and poorer among the Muslims.

NATURAL DISATSER

(i)FLOOD
Houses damaged in flood
The district was prone to
140000
flood till 2007, lacs of
120000
people were affected by 100000
this and every year it led 80000
to the death of people, 60000
destruction of building 40000
20000
and hampering the
0
livestock of the people. 2002 2004 2007 2008
Houses damaged in
30812 118903 10318 0
flood

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SITAMARHI.
Present government, after joining power in 2006 has concentrated on the construction
of embankments and started
checking the course of rivers. The
development is visible, through these
People affected by flood(in
charts and graphs.30812 houses were lac)
damaged in flood in the year of 2002, 35
30
in 2004 a record number of 118903 25
20
15
houses were destroyed , hich further 10
5
decreased in 2007 to a rare minimum 0
2002 2004 2007 2008
of 10318 and finally in the year of People affected by
2008, none of the resident of the 22.47 28.59 28.39 0
flood(in lac)
district was affected. Sitamarhi
people must feel proud of it. People who got affected by floods numbered 22.47 lacs

Cattles death in flood Human death in flood

800
120
700
600 100
500 80
400
60
300
200 40
100 20
0
2002 2004 2007 2008 0
2 2 2 2
Cattles death in 0 0 0 0
15 718 201 4
flood
Human death in
47 102 59 0
in 2002 , which decreased to 0 in 2008. The district flood known
was earlier as island of
north Bihar, but with the passage of time , flood has been controlled. Human death in
flood recorded a decrease from 47 in 2002 to 0 in 2008. Flood which had became a
synonym for Sitamarhi now seems to be a part of history.

Page | 12
SITAMARHI.
(ii) EARTHQUAKE

The district has suffered a severe earthquake in the year of 1934, which completely
destroyed the city, leaving nothing except the ruins. Dumra,the administrative
headquarter of the district was the epicenter. The district lies in the earthquake zone of
Zone V. It is prone to earthquake, after 1934 a heavy earthquake occurred in 1987.

Page | 13
SITAMARHI.
ELUCIDATION
VICIOUS CIRCLE OF ILLITERACY, POVERTY AND INEQUITIES

It may be concluded here that Sitamarhi is a poor and economically backward district
having the problems of flood affecting agriculture badly with large scale
unemployment and under employment. It also has gross inequalities in distribution of
productive assets leading to all kinds of disparities reinforced by outmoded socio-
economic structure. Super imposed over it is mass illiteracy. Therefore, the most
pressing need is that concerted and strong measures be taken to pull it out of the above
vicious circle. Empowerment of the weaker sections through education and improving
the quality of human resource amongst the disadvantaged must be the starting point.
For this, a big boost is required in bringing their children in the schooling system. This
provides sufficient justification for supplementing the efforts for educational
development through some special programme.

CRIME, FACTS AND FIGURES.

Murder in the district
Crime has been a major downfall in past 4
140
years; earlier the people were fed up of
120
crime, the change in government showed a
100
positive response. Crime is almost under 80
control. A society with unemployment and 60
under-employment population, crime is a 40
normal activity. 20
0
2005 2006 2007 2008
Dacoities in the district Murder in the
121 102 74 8
district
20
18 It is a good sign for the district’s
16
14 development. Murder, which numbered
12 121 in 2005, has come to a rare
10
8 minimum of 8 in 2008.
6
4
2
0
2005 2006 2007 2008
Dacoities in
19 12 13 8
the district

Page | 14
SITAMARHI.

Robbery and kidnapping, which was

Robbery in the district
a famous booming industry in Bihar
70
as well as in Sitamarhi, faced a
major drawback after the new 60

government came to power. 50

Robbery, which numbered 61 in 40
2005, decreased to 28 in the year of 30
2008. 20

Kidnapping, which were 4 in 10

number was completely eradicated 0
2005 2006 2007 2008
by the police, kidnappers readily
Robbery in the
used the international border as a district
61 50 42 28
big tool. Kidnappers used to ply to
Nepal, which was out of the Indian jurisdiction. Later, the district police with the help
of Nepal government, the kidnappings have been controlled.

The gradient of the graph shows a Kidnapping in the district

positive sign for the tourism 4.5
development of the district. It is 4
3.5
decreasing with a great slope. The
3
communal harmony, which was 2.5
disturbed by some of the Anti- 2
nationals has been re-established. 1.5
1
It is heart touching to see the new 0.5
form of harmony in the district. 0
2005 2006 2007 2008
Kidnapping in
4 2 2 0
the district

Page | 15
SITAMARHI.
TOURIST PLACES IN SITAMARHI.

(i) PUNAURA DHAM

Punaura Dham is the birth place of

Maa Sita, as per the Hindu
mythology , Sita came out of a
vessel when Raja Janak was
ploughing field. Mithila state was
facing the situation of drought, to
overcome the drought, Raja Janak
started ploughing field, when the
plouging reached Punaura ,the
plough striked a vessel, due the
strike of the lower portionof the , KUND, BIRTH PLACE OF SITA
plough, the vessel broke and Sita
came out of it. The place was the karmabhoomi for maharishi pundarik. Raja Janak
offered him the new baby , but he denied the offer. As he was a saint , he had no
consistency in living. Raja Janak brought the baby child to his palace in Janakpur. The
baby was named Sita, as the lower
portion of the plough “SIT” had
striked the vessel and she was born.

Punaura Dham has nothing of

archaeological interest presently, but
as per the locals they saw some
buildings buried inside the ground,
during 1934 earthquake.

JANKI TEMPLE, PUNAURA

Page | 16
SITAMARHI.

(ii) HALESHWAR STHAN

Haleshwar sthan is the place from

where Raja Janak started ploughing
the field. This palce is having a Shiv
temple, which is believed to be the
first shiva-linga established in the
state of Mithila. This place can be
good for the archaeological survey,
the old mandir parishar was having
stone shikhara, which dates back to
treat yug. Presently, no archeological
survey has been made, but the ENTRANCE OF HALESHWAR STHAN

manuscripts on the stones found are

probably 7,00,000 years old. The
Savan mela of this place is famous in northern Bihar and Nepal.

The temple was in ruins till 2000, but

the then District Magistrate Mr. Arun
Bhushan Prasad took initiative for the
renovation. He himself start coming to
this place and started to clean the
nearby areas, it ignited enthusiasm to
the locals. People started giving their
service without any incentive. The
temple got renovated. Stones were
found in the course, these stones are
kept in the mandir parishar.
TEMPLE AT HAELSHWAR STHAN

Page | 17
SITAMARHI.

(iii) PANTH PAAKAR

This is the place, which is believed to be the staying place of Maa Sita, when she was
going from Sitamarhi to Janakpur. The place is having a big “PAAKAR” tree, it’s the
belief of locals that the tree dates back to treta yug. Raja Janak sat here while in way.

(iv) DEKULI DHAM

This place is the birth place of Draupadi. This place has many things for
archaeological development, in 1934 earthquakes; people saw buildings 20 feet
deep inside their land. No one has gone for the archaeological survey. This was the
place where all the Pandavas came before going for Vanvash.

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SITAMARHI.

TRAVEL AND TOURISM

Key facts Indian tourism.

Gross domestic product

the contribution of travel and tourism to gross domestic product is expected to rise
from 8.6 %(INR 5,532,5 billion ) in 2010 to 9.0% (INR 18543.8 billion) by 2020.

Employment

The contribution of the travel and tourism economy to employment is expected to rise
from 49086000 jobs in 2010, 10.0% of total employment or 1 in every 10 jobs to
58144000 jobs ,10.4% of total employment or 1 in every 9.6 jobs by 2020.

Growth

Real GDP growth for travel and tourism economy is expected to be 6.7% in 2010 and
to average 8.5% per annum over the coming 10 years.

Visitor exports

Export earnings from international visitor and tourism goods are expected to generate
3.8% of total exports (INR 519.7 billion) in 2010 growing to INR 1886.2 billion in
2020.

Investments

Travel and tourism investment is estimated at INR 1628.1 billion or 7.2 % of total
investment in 2010. By 2020, this should reach INR 6137.2 billion or 7.7% of total
investment.

Page | 19
SITAMARHI.

Travel and tourism is able to contribute to development which is economically,

ecologically and socially sustainable, because it:

 Has less impact on natural resources and the environment that most other
industries.

 Is based on enjoyment and appreciation of local culture , built heritage, amd

natural environment as such that the industry has a direct and powerful
motivation to protect these assets,

 Can play a positive part in increasing consumer commitment to sustainable

development principle through its unparalleled consumer distribution channels.

 Provides an economic incentive to conserve natural environments and habitats

which might otherwise be allocated to more environmentally damaging land
uses, threby, is helping to maintain bio-diversity.

 The development is possible on the religious tourism and nothing else.

 Tourism circle needs to be created.

 Religious tourism can be incorporated with the ecotourism.

 Four- fold development in the religious and ecotourism of state.

 Creating job and wealth with tourism

 Contribution to the sustainable development.

Page | 20
SITAMARHI.
OBJECTIVES.

 To expand the tourism industry and tourist activities, which are

currently concentrated in only a few areas, by building physical
infrastructure and promoting tourism to create additional
opportunities for employment. This, in turn, will help ease
poverty and raise the standard of living of the population;

 To increase the number of tourist arrivals;

 To promote the environmental, historical and cultural heritage

and raise the quality of services and facilities related to tourism;

 To take measures for overseeing the stable development of the

Tourism industry and link it to other economic sectors in a
Coordinated manner;

 To develop the necessary infrastructure for the operation of

Efficient, safe, comfortable and quality air services for the proper
Advancement of the tourism industry.

Tourist inflow
6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

0
J F A S O N D
M A J
a e May July u e c o e
arch pril une
n b gust p t v c
Tourist inflow 5560 5529 4316 3707 3503 2734 2715 2788 3466 3503 4113 3846
TOURIST INFLOW IN SITAMARHI

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SITAMARHI.

HOW TO DEVELOP TOURISM IN SITAMARHI?

 Most of the tourists on religious tour want to visit most of the tourist
places in a single go. So, creation of a tourist circle including Janakpur
Dham of Nepal can make a difference.

 The tourist influx of nearby district of Muzaffarpur, Darbhanga, &

Madhubani is more than Sitamarhi, the traffic diversion of the tourist
can help in the development of tourism.

 Advertisement on a bigger scale, if any personalities will visit this place,

it will be automatically advertised.

 Master planning of the city in relation to the tourist places.

 Creation of a tourism circle, including Dekuli Dham in Sheohar district

and Janakpur Dham in Nepal.

 NGOs in the district should create awareness amongst the locals about
the tourism.

 Education policy should be revised, proper education and awareness for

tourism should be included.

 Government should work for the renovation, conservation and publicity

of the temples and places.

 “Ramayana” by Ramanand sagar , publicidized Ayodhya.

Local investors can go for making television series, related to this place
and birth of Maa Sita.

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SITAMARHI.

Religious tourist places having nothing of archaeological interest, but providing an

economical support to a bigger society.

1. Shri mata vaishno devi shrine

2. Siddhi vinayak temple.
3. Tirupati balajee.

When we see the case of other religions except Hinduism, we can see that most
of the places are not having anything of archaeological interest, but have a
good amount of tourist inflow.

In Islam we can see different shrines of peer baba, and some of the shrines like
Ajmer Sharif attracts tourist from all the religions.

WHERE DO SITAMARHI LACK?

Where do Sitamarhi lack?

1.) Politically unstable,

2.) Flood prone
3.) Religious differences.
4.) Improper road, rail and air connectivity.
5.) Improper communication
6.) Lack of management in temples.
7.) Inefficient role of tourism on economy.

Page | 23
SITAMARHI.

CHARTS

Doctors in the district

140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
regular doctors contractual doctors
Sanctioned 121 52
working 84 35
vacant 37 17

Health services
14

12

10

0
CHC referral hospital sub-divisional hospital
rural 0 1 13
urban 0 0 1

Page | 24
SITAMARHI.

Livestock
350000

300000

250000
population

200000

150000

100000

50000

0
Cow Buffalo Pigs Lamb Goat Poultry
Livestock 216900 169500 12600 1300 307300 316800 0

Road network
250

200

150
Km.

100

50

0
NH SH MDR
Road network 102 50.42 199.2

Page | 25
SITAMARHI.
REFERENCES

1. www.wttc.org/India/

2. www.wikipedia.org/Sitamarhi

3. www.Sitamarhi.bih.nic.in

4. www.Sitamarhi.in

5. www.Indiatoday.com

6. “SITAMARHI EDUCATION PROJECT”, by the district education

department.

7. “BIHAR TOURISM ANNUAL STATISTICS REPORT”, BY

www.marketpulseIndia.com

8. “DISTRICT HEALTH ACTION PLAN”, BY National Rural Health Mission.

9. “INDIAN TOURISM STATISTICS”, BY Ministry of tourism , government of

India.

10. “CASE STUDY ON THE EFFECTS OF TOURISM ON CULTURE AND

THE ENVIRONMENT” by Ram Niwas Pandey, Pitambar Chettri, Ramesh
Raj Kunwar and Govinda Ghimire.

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SITAMARHI.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

In the time interval of two months, June 2010 to August 2010, it was interesting to
carry out surveys and interviews for the tourism report of Sitamarhi. Sitamarhi, being
my motherland, I have always tried for the tourism development of this place. Earlier
due to some infractions in the locality and governance, it was difficult to develop.
Now the situation has changed. People in the district are getting more awareness
through NGOs and government about the sustainable tourism.

I got help from all the sections of the society and the enthusiasm in locals was
worth watching. They were happy to know about the development plans for the
district. Even they had many development plans which can be incorporated in the
master plan.

Overall, the efforts by the government are not satisfactory, link roads are in
such a bad situation, just after three months of construction that it may call an enquiry.
Local people are unaware of their rights; they have adapted themselves in the same
environment. They have boiling heart but sticky tounge, they don’t dare to ask for
their rights.

Government will have to take the responsibility and proper share of the locals
involved in the development process. I was widely helped by Mr. Shyam Sundar
Sinha, Ex- ADM, who gave me lingual support and various contacts. Mr. Rakesh, an
economist and teacher, helped me to reach all the remote areas and made many
interactions with the locals. I am specially thankful to my cousins, Abhijeet, Neelabh
and Sailabh who invested their valuable time in the data collection, which helped me
in making this report.

Bhardwaj Madhav

Shri Mata Vaishno devi University

Jammu and Kashmir.

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SITAMARHI.

© Bhardwaj Madhav, 2010

Webpage:- www.madhav.tk
email- madhav@madhav.tk, pm.madhav@gmail.com
contact:- +919858276468

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