Principles of Scientific Management

 Scientific Job Analysis

 Scientific Selection and Training of Personnel
 Management Cooperation
 Functional Supervising
 Standardization – ‘One Best Way’
 Financial Incentive
Scientific Management: Taylor
• Examined time and motion details of a job
• Appropriate selection of manpower
• Proper training to workers to improve productivity
• Introduced piece rate method
Scientific Management: Henry Gantt
 Scheduling Innovation
 Gantt Chart – Scheduling summary of work
 Rewarding Innovation
 Bonus in addition to the piece rate if they exceeded their daily
production quota
 On time = Bonus, Good Performance = Reward
Scientific Management: The Gilbreths
 Studies on Bricklaying
 Reduced number of motions from 18 to 4
 Used graphical symbols to identify work elements – THERBLIGS
 Favored standard days with scheduled lunch breaks and rest periods for
workers
 Strived for removal of unsafe working conditions and the abolition of
child labour
Problems with Scientific Management
 Attention only to increasing output, human element ignored
 Focus on development of individual not for his own self-worth but for the
advantage of organization
 Specialized jobs - Boring and Dull – No job satisfaction
 Overemphasis on measurement and systematic working – Human beings
treated as Machines