The Emergence of

C.A.L.L.
Computer Assisted Language
Learning

Scarlett Dragustinovis
Lucy Borrego
 WHAT IS C.A.L.L?
It is any process in
which a learner uses
a computer and, as a
result, improves his
or her language.
 Materials for CALL can
include those which are
purpose-made for
language learning and
those which adapt existing
computer-based materials,
video and other materials.
Whatkind of materials
would you use as a
teacher?
 CALL is
CALL is employed
in many ways, promoted
both in and out
of the classroom. as a
complete
method of
learning a
language.
Computer-based language
functions are already
integrated into word
processing and other
software that corrects
spelling and grammar.
CLASS ACTIVITY

CALT CALT
CAI CAL
(Computer (Computer
(computer- (Computer-
assisted assisted
aided assisted
Language Language
instruction) learning)
Teaching) Testing)

Refers to
situations
in which Refers to
CALL but the P.C learning at
May refer
with considers the
to the
emphasis the answer computer,
learning of
on the to each but not
any subject
teacher. question necessaril
using a
and raises y with a
computer.
or lowers language
the level of focus.
difficulty.
CLASS ACTIVITY

CMC( Comput CAT( Comp CAT

CBT(Comput
er-mediated uter- (Computer-
er-based
Communicati assisted adaptive
Training)
on) Teaching) Testing)

Refers to Refers to a
Tends to
Using a learning at situation in
refer to
computer, the which
programs
but not computer, computer-
used for
necessaril but not based
corporate
y testing necessaril discussion
training,
language. yt with a may take
but may
language place but
refer more
focus. without
generally to
necessarily
any kind of
involving
training.
learning.
CLASS ACTIVITY

ICALL TELL
WELL (Web CMI (Intelligent (Technology
Embanced (Computer- Computer- Embanced
Language mediated assisted Language
Learning) Instruction Language Learning)
Learning)

Instruction
that takes
place Describes
through the software Refers to
use of a programs any
Refers to
P.C.learning which technology
CALL but
that occurs attempt to used in the
focuses on
when a customize classroom
the WWW
learner feedback such as
as the
communicat that carter video,
medium for
es with a to tapes
instruction.
distant tutor individual recorders,
through learner’s etc.
email. input.
CALL has become
increasingly integrated
into research and
practice in the general
skills of reading,
writing, speaking and
listening and more
discrete fields, such as
autonomy in learning.
TECHNOLOGY DRIVING CALL
In the last four decades,
CALL MATERIALS
TECHNOLOGY AND
PEDAGOGY?
 MATERIAL DESIGERS

Teacher with limitate Competent technicians with

technical skills no experience in teaching
ANOTHER BARRIER WITH
CALL MATERIALS

*Overlook incorrect syntax ( Talking he telephone the one)

Solutions
*Be confusing by variation in grammar (He talks on the telephone)

*Fail to accept synonyms (The man is speaking on the phone)

*Fail to notice erroneous and extraneous words (She is be talking and

waiting on the phone thing)
INTERACTIVE

REFERS TO…
- A software program in which the
learner has some degree of
choice, perhaps only in
selecting answers in multiple
choice question.

- Macromedia Authorware allows

teacher/programmers to choice
other questions such as
true/false, select images or part
of an image and move parts of a
picture or a sentence to correct
positions.
Multimedia and speech recognition capabilities have
attempted to extend the traditional reading and listening foci
of CALL to include writing and speaking activities too.
Each of these skills´ place in CALL continues to develop with
the technology. For example, at this point, computers are still
quite limitated in terms of speech synthesis and voice
recognitions.
Same problems with writing when having a sentence
grammatically correct but semantically nonsensical.
Work in Artificial intelligence and natural-
language processing attempts to address
this problem but has so far had only limitated
success.

Artificial intelligence

Natural-language
Expert system
processing

Is to allow people to
Examine a list of
Help make decision interact with computers
students errors and
based on a review of with speech, just as one
offer both solutions and
previous cases. would with another
exercises
person.
The recent history of rapid innovation in computer hardware and software suggests
these limitations are likely to be addressed by researchers and practitioners in
coming years…

THE CHANGING FOCUS

OF RESEARCH IN CALL

Need of Comparisons
between CALL
computers and traditional
in the learning in terms
classroom of effectiveness.
A general area of study is the advantages and disadvantages
of computers providing communicative tasks which foster
language learning.
SUMMARY
This chapter defined CALL and showed that there are many
related terms.

Much of CALL is technology-driven, with improvements in

computers´ power, speed, storage and software tools helping
to difine directions for pedagogy and research.

One area that is no longer a focus of CALL is direct either/or

comparison between CALL and classrooms teaching; is now
seen to be complementary to classroom activities.