TRIGONOMETRIC FORMULAE

Sexagesimal System :

60’’ = 1’
60’ = 1°
90° = Right angle

Centesimal System :

100`` = 1`
100` = 1g
100 g = Right angle

Conversions :

° 10 g g 9°
1= ∧1 =
9 10

Circular measure:

Circumference
=π
Diameter

1 radian = 57° 17' 44.8' ' nearly

180° =π radians
π π
1° = radians∧1g = radians
180 200

c 180° c 200g
1= ∧1 =
π π

sin2 θ+cos 2 θ=1

sec 2 θ=1+ tan 2 θ
cosec 2 θ=1+ cot 2 θ
 2 tanθ 1 √ sec 2 θ−1 1
sinθ=√ 1−cos θ= = = =
2
√1+ tan θ √ 1+cot 2
θ secθ cosecθ

2 1 1cotθ√ cosec 2 θ−1

cosθ= √ 1−sin θ= = = =
√1+ tan2 θ √ 1+cot2 θ secθ cosecθ

1−cos2 θ
=√
sinθ 1 1
tanθ= = =√ sec 2 θ−1=
√1−sin2 θ cosθ cotθ √ cosec 2 θ−1

1−sin 2 θ
cotθ= √
cosθ 1 1
= = = = √ cosec 2 θ−1
sinθ 2
√ 1−cos θ tanθ 2
√ sec θ−1

secθ=
1
=
1
= √ 1+ tan 2
θ= √ 1+ cot2 θ = cosecθ
√ 1−sin 2 θ cosθ cotθ √ cosec2 θ−1

cosecθ=
1
=
1
= √ 1+tan 2 θ =√ 1+cot2 θ= secθ
sinθ √ 1−cos 2 θ tanθ √ sec2 θ−1

sin ( 90−θ )=cosθ

cos ( 90−θ ) =sinθ
tan ( 90−θ ) =cotθ
cot ( 90−θ )=tanθ
cosec ( 90−θ )=secθ

sec ( 90−θ ) =cosecθ

sin (−θ ) =−sinθ

cos (−θ )=cosθ
tan ⁡(−θ)=−tanθ
cot (−θ ) =−cotθ
cosec (−θ ) =−cosecθ
sec (−θ )=secθ

sin ( 90+θ )=cosθ sin ( 180−θ )=sinθ

cos ( 90+ θ )=−sinθ cos ( 180−θ )=−cosθ
tan ( 90+θ )=−cotθ tan ( 180−θ )=−tanθ
cot ( 90+θ )=−tanθ cot ( 180−θ )=−cotθ
sec ( 90+ θ )=−cosecθ sec ( 180−θ )=−secθ
cosec ( 90+θ )=secθ cosec ( 180−θ )=cosecθ
 Angle 0° 30° 45 ° 60° 90° 120° 135° 150° 180°
sine 0 ½ 1/ √ 2 √ 3/2 1 √ 3/2 1/ √ 2 1/2 0
Cosine 1 √ 3/2 1/ √ 2 ½ 0 -1/2 −1/ √ 2 −√ 3/2 -1
Tangent 0 1/√ 3 1 √3 ∞ −√ 3 -1 -1/√ 3 0
Cotangent ∞ √3 1 1/√ 3 0 -1/√ 3 -1 -√ 3 ∞
Cosecant ∞ 2 √2 2/√ 3 1 2/√ 3 √ 2 2 ∞
secant 1 2/√ 3 √ 2 2 ∞ -2 -√ 2 -2/√ 3 -1

sin ( 180+θ ) =−sinθ

cos ( 180+θ )=−cosθ
tan ( 180+θ )=tanθ
cot ( 180+θ ) =cotθ
sec ( 180+θ
General )=−secθ
Expressions:
cosec ( 180+θ ) =−cosecθ
Sin and Cosec: nπ + (−1 )n α

Cos and sec : 2 nπ ± α

Tan and cot : nπ + α

Other Important Formulae:

 sin ( A+ B )=sinA . cosB+ cosA . sinB

 cos ( A+ B ) =cosA . cosB−sinA . sinB
 sin ( A−B )=sinA . cosB−cosA . sinB
 cos ( A−B )=cosA . cosB+ sinA . sinB
 sin ( A+ B ) .sin ( A−B )=sin 2 A−sin 2 B
 cos ( A+ B ) . cos ( A−B )=cos 2 A−sin2 B
C+ D C−D
 sinC +sinD=2sin 2 .cos 2
C +D C−D
 sinC−sinD=2 cos 2 . sin 2
C+ D C−D
 cosC +cosD=2 cos 2 .cos 2
C+ D D−C
 cosC −cosD=2sin 2 .sin 2
 2 sinA . cosB=sin ( A+ B ) +sin ( A−B )
 2 cosA . sinB=sin ( A+ B )−sin ( A−B )
 2 cosA .cosB=cos ( A +B )+ cos ( A−B )
 2 sinA . sinB =cos ( A−B )−cos ( A+ B )
tanA +tanB
 tan ( A+ B ) = 1−tanA . tanB
tanA −tanB
 tan ( A−B )= 1+tanA . tanB
 sin 2 A=2 sinA . cosA
 cos 2 A=cos2 A−sin2 A=1−2 sin2 A=2 cos 2 A−1
2 tanA
 tan2 A= 2
1−tan A
 sin 3 A=3 sinA−4 sin 2 A
 cos 3 A=4 cos3 A−3 cosA
3 tanA −tan 3 A
 tan3 A=
1−3 tan 2 A
A A
 sinA=2 sin . cos
2 2
A A
 c osA=cos 2 . sin 2
2 2
A
2 tan
2
 tanA=
A
1−tan 2
2
A
2 tan
2
 sinA=
A
1+tan 2
2
 A
1−tan 2
2
 cosA = A
1+ tan 2
2
A 1−cosA
 sin =±
2
A
√ 2
1+cosA
 cos =±
2
A
√ 2
1−cosA
 tan =±
A
2 √1+ cosA
A
 sin + cos =± √ 1+sinA
2 2
A A
 sin – cos =± √ 1−sinA
2 2
A
 2 sin =± √ 1+sinA ± √ 1−sinA
2
A
 2 cos =± √1+ sinA ∓ √ 1−sinA
2
A ± √ 1+ tan 2 A−1
 tan =
2 tanA