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M20P - U1 - Quadratic Functions
M20P - U1 - Quadratic Functions
notebook August 30, 2010
• can be solved by factoring
A. Greatest Common Factor (GCF always look for this 1st!!)
ex.1 Factor out the GCF from the following expressions
a) 35x2y 20xy2 b) 12x3 + 54x2y 30x
Aug 305:03 PM Sep 29:20 PM
C. Trinomial Factoring (ax2 + bx + c, a ≠ 0,1) 2 2
D. Difference of Squares a b = (a b)(a + b)
ex.3 Factor the following quadratics and find the roots ex. 4 Factor and find the roots
2 2
a) 6x + 11x + 4 b) 5x 3x 2
Sep 29:25 PM Sep 29:32 PM
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M20P U1 Quadratic Functions.notebook August 30, 2010
1.2 Graphing Quadratic Functions
A rock is thrown off a bridge at a speed of 12 m/s at a starting height of 70 m.
The height of the rock at any given time is given by the function:
Assignment 2
height as a function of time = h(t) = 0.5at + vt + d where:
h(t) = height
2
a = acceleration of the rock (9.81 m/s )
v = speed of the rock
Factoring Worksheet d = starting height of the rock
2
so the function of the flying rock is h(t) = h = (0.5)(9.81)t + 12t + 70 or
2
h = (0.5)(9.81)t + 12t + 70
Aug 303:26 PM Sep 29:35 PM
To graph on your TI83/84+:
1. Enter the equation
How can the height of the rock be changed 2
[Y =] 4.9[X,θ,n,T][x ] + 12[X,θ,n,T] + 70 5. Using the CALC menu [2nd][TRACE], test out the
without adjusting the starting height? features:
Maximum = find the maximum point on the function
2. Press [GRAPH] , if the graph doesn't
show up or looks strange, press [WINDOW] Zero = finds the xintercept on the function
and change the grid size
Xmin = Move the cursor to the left of the max/zero, press [ENTER]
Xmax = Move cursor to the right of the max/zero, press [ENTER]
Xscl = Move the cursor in between (guess?), press [ENTER]
**Try tossing a set of keys or a paper ball in an arc Ymin =
6. Press [2nd][WINDOW] for the TBLSET menu
from hand to hand to see what could work. Ymax =
Yscl =
TblStart = 0 (means the Table of Values starts at 0)
ΔTblStart = 1 (means the x values go up by 1)
3. Press [TRACE] and use the [←][→]
buttons. Press [2nd][GRAPH] for the Table of Values and in the x
What does it do? column is time (seconds) and Y1 column is height (metres)
4. Press [ZOOM] and try ZBox, Zoom in,
Zoom out and ZStandard features
Aug 303:40 PM Sep 29:59 PM
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M20P U1 Quadratic Functions.notebook August 30, 2010
1.3 Graphs of Quadratic Functions
assignment Quadratic Function
• 2nd degree function
• defined by the equation
p. 8487 #19 y=ax2+bx+c where a, b, c
are constants and a≠0
• can be solved by factoring
• graph is called a parabola
read through and understand how to use • line of symmetry is called
zoom, trace, maximum, and zero • the axis of symmetry
• the vertex is minimum or
maximum point on the
graph and it is on the
axis of symmetry
Aug 303:49 PM Sep 39:19 AM
Quadratic functions are always 2nd degree: ex. 1 Graph y = x2 x 6 using a graphing calculator and
need the ax2 term find the following:
Which of the following are quadratic? a) yintercept
a) x25
b) x32x+1
c) √x
d) (2x1)2 + 2 b) xintercept(s) (roots)
e)
How can you tell when the equation/expression c) equation for the axis of symmetry
isn't quadratic?
d) coordinates of the vertex
Sep 39:34 AM Sep 39:40 AM
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M20P U1 Quadratic Functions.notebook August 30, 2010
ex. 2 Using the features on the TI83/84+, ex. 3 Solve the equation 2x2 + 5x 3 = 0 algebraically (find the roots).
graph f(x) = y = 3x216x12 and find the following: Graph the function and use the zero feature to check your answer
a) yintercept
b) xintercept(s)
c)equation of the axis of symmetry
d) coordinates of the vertex
e) domain and range of f(x)
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ex. 4 Determine the equation that has zeros of 7/3 and 5/4
Assignment
p. 94 #1‐6, 9a, 12‐15 ace...
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M20P U1 Quadratic Functions.notebook August 30, 2010
1.4 Parabola of Best Fit and Modelling Part 2: Modelling Using Quadratic Functions
Part 1: Parabola of Best Fit Quadratic functions are useful in describing projectile motion and applications
where there are increasing and decreasing quantities being multiplied together
A concert for the Lady Gaga is selling tickets in advance. Depending on
the price of the ticket, the revenue made at the concert is as follows:
Ticket price ($) 10 12 14 16 18 20
Revenue ($) 10500 10920 11180 11280 11220 11000
Using the TI83/84+, we can use Quadratic 3. Enter the data into the List Editor where L1 contains
Regression (finding the best curve to fit the the x values and L2 contains the y values
data):
1. Clear the graphing screen [Y=] Press [STAT][1] (Edit) and enter in the data
Clear previous data by highlighting the list name &
2. Based on the x,y data, choose press[CLEAR][ ↓ ]
appropriate window settings
4. Set up the scatterplot graph
[WINDOW]
[2ND][Y=][1](STAT PLOT)
Turn Plot1 On; Select Scatterplot type
[Xmin, Xmax, Xscl] = [0, 30, 5] Xlist: L1
[Ymin, Ymax, Yscl] = [0, 15000, 1000] YList: L2
5. Use Quadratic Regression to find the equation of the
line of best fit
Press [STAT][ →][ 5 (QuadReg (ax2+bx+c)][ 2ND][1]
[ , ][2ND][2][Enter]
Displays: QuadReg(ax2+bx+c) L1, L2
Press [GRAPH] and enter in Y1= ax2+bx+c to graph
Sep 78:06 PM Sep 78:31 PM
ex. 1 You have 64m of fencing for a garden to make a rectangular pen. c) Find the dimensions needed to maximize the area of the pen
a) Represent the area of the pen as a function of the length of the pen
d) Find the (domain) needed to make an area greater than 200m2
b) Graph the function
Sep 78:38 PM Sep 78:42 PM
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M20P U1 Quadratic Functions.notebook August 30, 2010
ex. 2 Calgary Transit moves 300 000 passengers daily. An adult fare is
$2.00, but management decides to raise it $0.25 to increase profit. Every
fare increase causes 10000 people to stop taking transit.
Assignment
Let p = bus fare amount ($); n = number of passengers;
x = number of fare increases
a) Find the number of passengers as a function of the bus fare
p. 100 1‐2
p. 105 3‐6
b) Represent the revenue as a function of the bus fare
Sep 78:48 PM Sep 78:53 PM
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1.5 Graphing y = a﴾xp﴿ +q ﴾standard form﴿
Part 1: Changing parameters p, q, and a b) Compare the following functions to the original y=x2 by graphing
a) Compare the following functions to the original y=x2 by graphing
Function Value of q Dirn of opening Vertex Axis Congruent to y=x2
Function Value of p Dirn of opening Vertex Axis Congruent to y=x2
y = x2
y = x2
y = (x 2)2 y = x2 + 1
y = (x + 3)2 y = x2 4
y = (x 6)2
y = x2 9
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M20P U1 Quadratic Functions.notebook August 30, 2010
c) Compare the following functions to the original y=x2 by graphing Part 2: Transforming the Parabola
y = a(x p)2 + q
Function Value of a Dirn of opening Vertex Axis Congruent to y=x2 where a = changes the direction of opening and stretch factor
y = x2 p = moves the vertex horizontally
y = 2x2 q = moves the vertex vertically
y = 0.5x2
y = 2x2
y = 0.5x2 a > 0 : opens ________
a < 0 : opens ________
|a| > 1: stretches ________
0 < |a| < 1: stretches ______
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2
p > 0 (or x p): moves ______ ex. 1 Sketch the graph of y = (x 4) 5 and describe the
p < 0 (or x + p): moves ______ concavity, vertex, axis of symmetry and the yintercept
q > 0: moves _______
q < 0: moves _______
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M20P U1 Quadratic Functions.notebook August 30, 2010
ex. 3 Determine the equation of the quadratic in standard
ex. 2 Sketch the graph of y = 2(x + 2)2 + 1 and describe the
concavity, vertex, axis of symmetry and the yintercept form y = a(xp)2+q if the vertex is (6, 1) and the parabola
goes through the point (3, 242)
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1.6 Graphing ax +bx+c ﴾general form﴿
Part 1: Perfect Trinomial Squares
ex. 1 Factor
b) x2 18x + 81
Assignment a) x2 + 10x + 25
Aug 304:22 PM Sep 79:56 PM
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M20P U1 Quadratic Functions.notebook August 30, 2010
Part 2: Completing the Square
ex1) Convert y = x2+10x+30 into standard form by completing the square
and describe the vertex, axis of symmetry, yintercept, and concavity
Most quadratics are given in general form y = ax2+bx+c
but it's more useful if it is in standard form y = a(xp)2+q.
Completing the square converts:
y = ax2+bx+c y = a(xp)2+q
Aug 304:24 PM Sep 710:03 PM
ex3) Determine if the vertex is a maximum or minimum for the function
ex2) Convert y = 3x2+18x28 into standard form by completing the square and y = 3x2+15x7
describe the vertex, axis of symmetry, yintercept, and concavity
Sep 710:04 PM Sep 710:05 PM
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M20P U1 Quadratic Functions.notebook August 30, 2010
1.7 Max/Min Problems
Part 1: Number Problems
Assignment ex1) Find two numbers that have a sum of 22 and a
product that is a maximum.
p. 124-126 #1-8, 10, 13
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ex2) Find two numbers that have a difference of 18 and a Part 2: Area Problems
product that is a minimum
ex3) A pasture for cattle is enclosed by 400m of fencing. Find the
dimensions of the pasture so that the area is a maximum
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M20P U1 Quadratic Functions.notebook August 30, 2010
ex4) A gardener is planting a vegetable patch along his greenhouse Part 3: Revenue Problems
wall. With the wall forming one side of the patch, only three sides
of fencing is needed. ex5) Feist is performing at a concert and tickets were originally $20.00
with 400 people in attendance. If the management decides to raise the
Determine the dimensions and maximum area for the vegetable price for later concerts $5.00 each time, they lose 20 concert goers each
patch. time.
What ticket price would bring in maximum revenue?
Assignment: p. 130 1 14 omit, 4, 13
Sep 710:11 PM Sep 710:13 PM
1.8 Inverse of a Linear Function Inverse of a Function
2 • the x values of a function are interchanged with the y
Changing parameters "a", "p", and "q" caused corresponding changes to y = x
values
What happens if x and y switch places? • the graph of the inverse function is the reflection of the
original function about the line y = x
Using y = 4x 3, interchange x and y and resolve for y. 1
• the symbol f(x) (called f inverse of x) is used to
represent the inverse of a function
Table of Values •
y = 4x 3 y = • to solve:
x y x y a) interchange x and y in the equation
b) solve the resulting equation in terms of y
ex1) Find the inverse of f(x) = 0.5(x5)
ex2) Determine the inverse of y = 4 5x
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M20P U1 Quadratic Functions.notebook August 30, 2010
ex3) Given a graph of f(x), graph the inverse of f(x) on the same grid
Assignment
p.136 # 1-7
Sep 710:32 PM Aug 304:58 PM
ex. (1,1), (2,4), (3,9), (4,16)
Not a function: (4,0), (5,1), (6,2), (5,1) Why?
Vertical Line Test
b) Graph f(x) and its inverse
If a vertical line intersects a
function NO MORE THAN
ONCE anywhere on the
graph, then it is a function
c) Is the inverse a function?
The graph on the left is a function,
while the graph on the right is a relation
(not a function)
Sep 811:26 AM Sep 811:35 AM
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M20P U1 Quadratic Functions.notebook August 30, 2010
1
ex3) Given f(x) = 3(x + 2)2 1,
f (x) notation [f inverse of x] is only used if the inverse is
a function a) determine the inverse of f(x)
ex2) Using y = x2 5 from ex. 1, restrict the domain in two
ways so that the inverse is a function
b) graph f(x) and its inverse
c) restrict the domain so that the inverse
is a function
Sep 811:37 AM Sep 811:41 AM
For an inverse:
Domain is the original f(x)'s range
Range is the original f(x)'s domain
Assignment
p 140 # 13, 45{ace...}, 6
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