Chapter 8 Generation of Electricity

8.2 Understanding Transformer

Prepared by:
L.C. Seah
 Learning Outcomes:

• identify the different parts of a transformer,

• describe how a transformer works,
• compare and contrast a step-up transformer
and a step-down transformer,
• describe the roles of transformer in the
transmission and distribution of electricity.
Transformer
 Iron core

• Many layers of thin iron

 How its work?

• When a.c. applied to primary coil, electrical

energy from the primary coil is transferred to
the secondary coil through the changing
magnetic field
 Transformer

• To step up or step down the voltage of

alternating currents
Step-up transformer
 Step-up Transformer

• Secondary coil > Primary coil

• Secondary voltage > Primary voltage
 Step-down Transformer

• Secondary coil < Primary coil

• Secondary voltage < Primary voltage
Transformer
 Pg 119, 8.3

dimly
Bulb lights _____
Secondary many
________ coil has _____
wire turns

Primary coil has _____

________ few
Bulb lights Step-up
________ wire turns
brightly
_____ transformer
 Pg 120, 8.3

brightly
Bulb lights ______
Secondary few
________ coil has _____
wire turns

Primary coil has _____

________ many
Bulb lights Step-down
________
wire turns
dimly
_____ transformer
 Role of Transformers

• Voltage is increased by a step-up transformer to

reduce the loss of energy in form of heat in
transmission cables
• Voltage is reduced by a step-down transformer
to distribute to consumer