DO
NOW



Find
the
Greatest
Common
Factor
(GCF)
of
105
and
42.

Factors
of
105:
1,
3,
5,
7,
15,
21,
35,
105.

Factors
of
42:
1,
2,
3,
6,
7,
21,
42.


Common
Factors:
1,
3,
7,
21.


GCF:
21.



Or
we
could
have
used
prime factoriza-on…


105
=
3
×
5
×
7 
 
42
=
2
×
3
×
7 
 
42
=
2
×
3
×
7



/\ 
 
 
 
 

/\ 
 
 
 





105
=
3
×
5
×
7







5

21 
 
 






2

21 
 
 




Both
have:
3
×
7






/\ 
 
 
 




/\ 
 
 




Therefore,
GCF
=
3
×
7
=
21




3


7 
 
 
 


3

7

 Lesson
5
–
Part
1:


What
is
Least
Common
MulPple
(LCM)?



Standards:
7.N.9
and
7.N.10

 What
are
MulPples?

The
 mulPples
 of
 a
 number
 are
 the
 whole‐number

products
 resulPng
 when
 that
 number
 is
 a
 factor.
 In

other
 words,
 you
 can
 find
 a
 mulPple
 of
 a
 number
 by

mulPplying
it
by
1,
2,
3,
and
so
on.



For
example,
the
first
five
mulPples
of
8
are
8,
16,
24,

32,
and
40.




Whereas
the
factors
of
8
are
1,
2,
4,
and
8.


 Find
all
of
the
factors
and
the
first
ten

mulPples
of
each
number:

1.
6
 
2.
9
 
3.
12 
 
4.
15 
 
5.
20



1. 
Factors
of
6:
1,
2,
3,
and
6.

The
first
ten
mulPples
of
6:
6,
12,
18,
24,
30,
36,
42,
48,
54,
60.



2.
Factors
of
9:
1,
3,
and
9.


The
first
ten
mulPples
of
9:
9,
18,
27,
36,
45,
54,
63,
72,
81,
90.

3.
Factors
of
12:
1,
2,
3,
4,
6,
and
12.

The
first
ten
mulPples
of
12:
12,
24,
36,
48,
60,
72,
84,
96,
108,
120.



4.
Factors
of
15:
1,
3,
5,
and
15.

The
first
ten
mulPples
of
15:
15,
30,
45,
60,
75,
90,
105,
120,
135,
150.





5.
Factors
of
20:
1,
2,
4,
5,
10,
and
20.

The
first
ten
mulPples
of
20:
20,
40,
60,
80,
100,
120,
140,
160,
180,
200.


 What
is
Least
Common
MulPple
(LCM)?

The
 LCM
 of
 two
 or
 more
 numbers
 is
 the
 lowest
 number
 that
 is
 a

mulPple
of
each
number.


There
are
various
methods
of
finding
the
LCM.
The
first
involves
simply

lisPng
 mulPples
 of
 the
 numbers
 unPl
 you
 find
 the
 first
 mulPple
 they

have
in
common.


For
example,
what
is
the
LCM
of
4
and
6?


MulPples
of
4:
4,
8,
12,
16,
20,
24,…


MulPples
of
6:
6,
12,
18,
24,
30,
36,…


Common
mulPples
of
4
and
6:
12,
24,…


Least
common
mulPple:
12.


12
is
the
lowest
mulPple
that
both
4
and
6
have.


 The
Prime
FactorizaPon
Method
for

Finding
the
LCM

Another
 method
 of
 finding
 the
 LCM
 involves
 using
 prime

factorizaPon.
For
example,
what
is
the
LCM
of
10
and
12?



First,
find
the
prime
factorizaPon
of
each
number.









10
=
2
×
5 



12
=
2
×
2
×
3 
Second,
count
the
maximum




/\ 
 
 




/\ 
 
 
 
number
of
Pmes
each
factor







2

5 
 
 


2


6 
 
 
 
appears
in
either
factorizaPon.


 
 
 
 
/\


 
 
 





2

3


The
product
of
these
factors
is
the
LCM:
2
×
2
×
3
×
5
=
60

That
might
seem
complicated
but
it
is
very
helpful
when

dealing
with
larger
numbers!

For
 example,
 try
 finding
 the
 LCM
 of
 54
 and
 300
 by
 just
 lisPng
 the

mulPples
 unPl
 you
 find
 a
 common
 mulPple!
 Or
 use
 the
 prime

factorizaPon
method!


Prime
factorizaPon
of
300
=
2
×
2
×
3
×
5
×
5
=
22
×
3
×
52


Prime
factorizaPon
of
54
=
 
2
×
3
×
3
×
3
=
2
×
33


LCM
=
22
×
33
×
52
=
2
×
2
×
3
×
3
×
3
×
5
×
5
=
2700



OR
you
can
look
at
the
prime
factorizaPons
like
this:



300
= 
2
×
2
×
3
×
 
 
5
×
5


54
 
=
 
2
×







3
×
3
×
3


This
is
the
same
as
32
x

5
x
7.

 PRACTICE
1


Find
the
LCM
of
each
of
the
following.

1.  6
and
9.

2.  4
and
20.


3.  7
and
15.


4.  14
and
18.

5.  8,
12,
and
20.

 SOLUTIONS!

1.
Find
the
LCM
of
6
and
9.


MulPples
of
6:
6,
12,
18,
24,
30,
36,
42,
48,
54,
60,
66,
72…

MulPples
of
9:
9,
18,
27,
36,
45,
54,
63,
72…

Common
mulPples:
18,
36,
54,
72…


LCM:
18

OR 
Prime
factorizaPon
of
6
=
2
×
3

Prime
factorizaPon
of
9
=
3
×
3

LCM
=
2
×
3
×
3
=
18

 SOLUTIONS!

2.
Find
the
LCM
of
4
and
20.


MulPples
of
4:
4,
8,
12,
16,
20,
24,
28,
32,
36,
40,…

MulPples
of
20:
20,
40,…

Common
mulPples:
20,
40,…


LCM:
20

OR 
Prime
factorizaPon
of
4
=
2
×
2

Prime
factorizaPon
of
20
=
2
×
2
×
5

LCM
=
2
×
2
×
5
=
20

 SOLUTIONS!

3.
Find
the
LCM
of
7
and
15.


MulPples
of
7:
7,
14,
21,
28,
35,
42,
49,
56,
63,
70,
77,
84,
91,
98,
105…

MulPples
of
15:
15,
30,
45,
60,
75,
90,
105…

Common
mulPples:
That
took
a
while
but
it’s
105!


LCM:
105

OR 
Prime
factorizaPon
of
7
=
7

Prime
factorizaPon
of
15
=
3
×
5

LCM
=
3
×
5
×
7
=
105

That
was
much
quicker!

 SOLUTIONS!

4.
Find
the
LCM
of
14
and
18.


I’m just going to use the prime factoriza-on method, because it 
seems like it will be much more efficient for these numbers!  

Prime
factorizaPon
of
14
=
2
×
7

Prime
factorizaPon
of
18
=
2
×
3
×
3

LCM
=
2
×
3
×
3
×
7
=
126

 SOLUTIONS!

5.
Find
the
LCM
of
8,
12,
and
20.


Again, I’m just going to use the prime factoriza-on method!  

Prime
factorizaPon
of
8
=
2
×
2
×
2

Prime
factorizaPon
of
12
=
2
×
2
×
3

Prime
factorizaPon
of
20
=
2
×
2
×
5

LCM
=
2
×
2
×
2
×
3
×
5
=
120


 PRACTICE
2

Find
the
LCM
of
each
of
the
following:


1.  34
and
57

2.  16
and
72

3.  28
and
144

4.  75
and
228

 HOMEWORK

Find
the
LCM
of
each
of
the
following.

1.  9
and
27.

2.  6
and
42.


3.  12
and
39.


4.  24
and
72.

5.  14,
42,
and
84.