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Glass Ionomers
Glass Ionomers
Glass Ionomers
in Restorative Dentistry
Dental Amalgam
Dental Composite
Glass Ionomer
TERMINOLOGY
Don’t be confused by some of the strange language.
Glass Ionomer: “glass” refers to the glassy ceramic particles and the
glassy matrix (non-crystalline) of the set material, while “ionomer”
refers to ion-crosslinked polymer.
Silicate Cement
Ca+2 Glas s partic le
S i, Na,
H2 O, Al+3 Etc he d pe riphe ry
F, Ca, + H3 PO4 ,
H+
F-
Al
Al, Zn S i+4
REACTANTS PRODUCTS
Polycarboxylate Cement
HOOC -OOC
Zinc polya cryla te ge l
COO- -OOC Re s idual
ZnO
H2 O ZnO + COOH Zn++ ZnO
PAA COO- COO-
COOH
-OOC Zn++ COO-
HOOC
-OOC
GLASS IONOMERS
HYBRID = SC [Powder] and PCC [Liquid] = A.S.P.A.
H2O Si+4
PAA
SiO2, in Al+3
SiO2, Na+
Al2O3, H2O
Al2O3, Ca+2
Na, Ca,
Na, Ca, F-
F
F PAA
¯OOC
COO¯ H-O-H
Ca++
¯OOC
Ca+ ¯OOC
COO¯
¯OOC
¯OOC
¯OOC COO¯
Al+3
COO¯
H-O-H
Hydrophobic POLYMER
RM-GI
GI and
VLC Hydrophilic
monomer and polymer
CEMENTS
MM-GI GI RR-GI
GI and GI and
Metallic fillers Resin-Fillers
Cermet fillers
A.R.T. and
CORES TEMPORARIES
HYDROGEL
FLUORIDE RELEASE
Fluoride comes from matrix and particles at different rates.
rapid early
F release
from matrix
Slow long term
F release
by diffusion
from particle
F-1,
Ca+2, Al+3, Si+4
Initial
dissolution
for
starting
reaction
FLUORO-ALUMINO-SILICATE CEMENT
PARTICLE MATRIX
20
FLUORIDE RELEASE (ppm)
15
EFFECTIVE LEVELS
10
Fluoride Toothpaste,
Topical Fluoride,
Fluoride Mouthrinse
5
MATRIX
PARTICLES
0 7 14 21 28
TIME (Days)
CARIOSTATIC EFFECTS
GI is not more effective than composite or amalgam.
Glass Ionomer
Composite
Amalgam
0 20 40 60 80 100
Replacement rate (%) for secondary caries
1. Cement
2. Liner / Base
3. Restoration
4. Core / Foundation
5. (Tunnel Restoration)
6. (Sandwich Restoration)
7. Retrograde Filling Material
8. P/F Sealant
9. Root Caries Cervical Restoration
10. Temporary, or ART Restoration
Fuji IX
Fuji IX GP