Dispersed Phase – cannot combine Character:

- Emulsions - Exhibits thixotrophy

Different dosage forms:
 Suspensions
 Emulsions
 Aerosols
 Gels
 Lotion
10 – 15 um  coarse dispersions
0.5 – 10 um  fine dispersions
1 nm – 0.5um  colloidal dispersions
Aluminum Hydroxide Gel – is an aqueous
suspension or gelatinous precipitate
- Composed of insoluble Al(OH)3 & the
hydrated Al2O3
- Equivalent to about 4% Al2O3
- May contain peppermint oil, sorbitol,
sucrose, saccharin or other suitable
preservative and flavorant = not
exceeding 0.5%
Thixotrophy – if undisturbed, they may become
semisolid or gelatinous; if disturbed, they
liquefy
LOTION
- Liquid suspension or dispersions
intended for external application to the
body.
- Applied without friction
- More soothing to inflamed areas
- More effective in contact with infected
surface (Shake well & external)
- Particles should approach, colloidal
Methods of preparation:

1. Trituration method. Triturating the

PREPARATION # 29 ingredients to smooth paste & then
Aluminum Hydroxide Gel adding the remaining liquid phase
Official Internal a. Calamine Lotion (ZnO and FeO)
 High speed mixers &
homogenizers
INGREDIENTS OA CA 2. By chemical reactions
Ammonium Alum 800 g 18 g a. White lotion/ white sulfide
Sodium carbonate 1000 g 15 g ZnSO4+sulfurated potash  ZnS
Peppermint Oil 0.01% 0.003 mL
Sodium benzoate 0.1% 0.03 g 3. Clear solution
P.H20, qsad 2000 mL 30 mL a. Dimethisoquin HCl Lotion – in
which the active ingredient is a
water soluble substance
Method: Precipitation
WHY?
Gels – suspension in a water medium of
insoluble drugs e form in hydratwherein the -Solubility permitting liquid therapy
particle size attains or reaches colloidal
dispersions (part. Size < 0.5 um)