C h a n g e

=cHange

topic : CHANGE AND FORCE FOR CHANGE

change means the alternation of status quo or
making things different.
• “The term change refers to any alternation
which occurs in the overall work
environment of an organisation.”
• “When an organisational system is disturbed
by some internal or external force, change
frequently occurs. Change, as a process, is
simply modification of the structure or
process of a system.
characteristics.
• Change results from the pressure of both internal
and external forces in the organisation.
• Change will affect the various parts of the
organisation .
• Changes may affect people, structure, technology
and other elements of the organisation.
• Change may be reactive or proactive.
Due to the pressure of external forces, it is called
reactive change.

Proactive
Change is initiated by the management on its own
to increase organisational effectiveness.
Forces

• A. External Forces

External environment affects the organisations

both directly and indirectly.
The organisations do not have any control over
the variables in such an environment.
 Technology
 Marketing Conditions
 Social Changes
 Political Forces:
Internal Forces

 Nature of the Work Force

 Change in Managerial Personnel
 Deficiencies in Existing Management
Structure
 To Avoid Developing Inertia
 Technology
• adoption of new technology such as
computers, telecommunicationsystems
and flexible manufacturing operations
• Managements will have to increase
their investment in training and
education ofthe employees
 Marketing Conditions
•rapid change as the needs, desires and
expectations of thecustomers change rapidly and
frequently
•spread of education, knowledge and a lot of
government efforts. Social equality
e.g. equal opportunities to women, equal pay for
equal work, has posed new
challenges for the management.

•organisations do not have any control over the

political and
legal forces, but they have to adapt to meet the
pressure of these forces
Political Forces:

•organisations do not have any control over the

political andlegal forces, but they have to adapt to
meet the pressure of these forces
–Thanks to all..