Heinrich Hertz conducted early experiments with antennas in the late 1800s. Modern antennas face challenges to be broadband and small for mobile communications. Wireless technologies like WiMAX, UWB, and MIMO use multiple coordinated antennas to increase capacity and combat multipath effects, operating between 2-66 GHz. An antenna transfers signals between transmission lines and electromagnetic waves, and the combination of an antenna and its feed line is called an antenna system. Understanding antennas requires knowledge of transmission lines and radiowaves.
Heinrich Hertz conducted early experiments with antennas in the late 1800s. Modern antennas face challenges to be broadband and small for mobile communications. Wireless technologies like WiMAX, UWB, and MIMO use multiple coordinated antennas to increase capacity and combat multipath effects, operating between 2-66 GHz. An antenna transfers signals between transmission lines and electromagnetic waves, and the combination of an antenna and its feed line is called an antenna system. Understanding antennas requires knowledge of transmission lines and radiowaves.
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Heinrich Hertz conducted early experiments with antennas in the late 1800s. Modern antennas face challenges to be broadband and small for mobile communications. Wireless technologies like WiMAX, UWB, and MIMO use multiple coordinated antennas to increase capacity and combat multipath effects, operating between 2-66 GHz. An antenna transfers signals between transmission lines and electromagnetic waves, and the combination of an antenna and its feed line is called an antenna system. Understanding antennas requires knowledge of transmission lines and radiowaves.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Heinrich Rudolf Hertz Experiment • The first well-known satisfactory antenna experiment was conducted by the German physicist Heinrich Rudolf Hertz (1857-1894) Antennas from Theory to Practice
• One of the main challenges for antennas is
how to make them broadband and small in size for wireless mobile communications systems • WiMAX (worldwide interoperability for microwave access) IEEE 802.16 specified 10 to 66 GHz as the WiMAX band. IEEE 802.16a was updated in 2004 to 802.16-2004 and added 2 to 11 GHz as the additional frequency range Antennas from Theory to Practice
• UWB (ultra-wide band) wireless system
• 3.1 to 10.6 GHz ,power spectrum density is limited to -41.3dBm/MHz • Free of cost • MIMO (multiple-in multiple-out) antenna • an effective means to combat the multipath effects in the radio propagation channel and increase the channel capacity, where several co- ordinated antennas are required. Antennas from Theory to Practice
• The antenna is an essential device of a radio
system, but not an isolated device • An antenna, is defined as a device which can radiate and receive electromagnetic energy in an efficient and desired manner Antennas from Theory to Practice
• The antenna is actually a transformer that
transfers electrical signals (voltages and currents from a transmission line) into electromagnetic waves (electric and magnetic fields), or vice versa • An antenna system is defined as the combination of the antenna and its feed line. • To understand the antenna theory, one has to understand transmission lines and radiowaves. Conclusion • The antenna is a very special device; it deals with electrical signals as well as EM waves • The subject of Antennas is about how to design a suitable device which will be well matched with its feed line and radiate/receive the radiowaves in an efficient and desired manner