1

1. (a) For f(x) to be a probability distribution function,  f ( x)dx  1 .

0
1
  (e – ke
kx
)dx = 1 (M1)
0


 ex  e kx 
1
0 =1 (M1)
e–e +1 k
=1 (A1)
e=e  k
k = 1 (AG) 3
Thus f(x) = e – e , 0  x  1
x

(b) 
1/ 2

1/ 4
(e – e x )dx  ex  e x  
1/ 2
1/ 4 
e
2
e
 e 4 e
4
(M1)

e
=  e4 e (A1) 2
4
1 1
(c) =  0 
(e – e x )dx  (ex  xe x )dx
0
(M1)
1
 ex 2  1 e
   xe dx  2  [ xe – e
x x 1
=  ]0 (M1)
 2 0 0

e
= –1 (A1)
2
2
1 e 
Variance =  0
x 2 (e – e x )dx   – 1
2 
(M1)
1
 ex 3  e 
2
=   e x ( x 2  2 x  2)   – 1 (M1)
 3 0  2 
2 e2
=2– e– +e–1
3 4
e e2
=1+  (A1) 6
3 4
 1
(d) p(battery lasts more than 6 months) = p  x  
 2
1
=  1/ 2
(e – e x ) dx (M1)
= [ex  e x ]11 / 2
e
= e  or 0.290(3s.f.) (A1) 2
2
(e) p(no battery failed) = p(all lasted more than 6 months) (M1)
3
 e
=  e   or 0.0243 (3 s.f.) (A1) 2
 2

1
  3 
2
e  e
(f) p(exactly one battery failed) =  1  e   e   (M1)
 2  2  2
 0.179 (3 s.f.) (A1) 2
[17]

2. (a) Required probability

= P(Y  12 )
1/ 2
=  0
0.5e – y / 2 dy (M2)
= 0.2212. (G1)
OR
1/ 2
Required probability = 0
0.5e – y / 2 dy (M1)


= – e–y/ 2 1/ 2
0 (M1)
–1/4
=1–e
= 0.2212 (4 s.f.) (A1) 3
(b) Required probability
= P(2 or 3 of the components fail in six months) (M1)
 3
=   (0.2212)2(0.7788) + (0.2212)3 (M2)
 2
= 0.125. (G1) 4
[7]

3. METHOD 1
1 4x
E(X) = 
0 π(1  x 2 )
dx (M1)

= 0.441. (G2) (C3)

METHOD 2
1 4x
E(X) = 
0 π(1  x 2 )
dx (M1)

2
= [ln(1  x 2 )]10 (M1)
π
2  ln 4 
=
π
(ln 2) or π  . (A1) (C3)
 
[3]

2
4. Let m be the median.
m
1
 4 x (4 – x )dx = 0.5.
2
Then (M1)
0

 4 x – x dx
m
3
=> =2 (A1)
0

1 4 m
=> [2x2 – x ]0 = 2 (M1)
4
1
=> 2m2 – m4 = 2
4
=> m4 – 8m2 + 8 = 0 (A1)
m = 1.08 (G2)
OR
8  64 – 32 8  32
m2 = = =4 8 (4  2 2 ) (M1)
2 2
=> m = 4 – 8  4 – 2 2  (A1) (C6)
 
Note: Award (C5) if other solutions to the equation
m4 – 8m2 + 8 = 0 appear in the answer box.
[6]

 1 1 1
5. (a) k 1     = 1 (M1)(A1)
 2 3 4
12
k= (0.48) (A1) (C3)
25
12 6 4 3
(b) E(X) = 1 ×  2  3  4 (M1)(A1)
25 25 25 25
48
= ( = 1.92) (A1) (C3)
25
[6]

2
6. (a) k  0
x 2 dx = 1 (M1)
2
 x3  k8
k    =1 (A1)
 3 0 3
3
k= (AG) 2
8
2
3 2 3  x4 
 xx dx (   )
2
(b) (i) E(X) = (M1)
8 0 8  4 0
3
= (A1)
2

3
 (ii) The median m must be a number such that
3 m 2 1 3 2 2 
8 0 x dx   or
2 8 m
x dx 
  (M1)(A1)
m
3  x3  3  m3  1
     0   (A1)

8  3 0 8  3  2
m3 1
  m3 = 4.
8 2
 m = 3 4 (= 1.59 to 3 s.f.) . (A1) 6
[8]

2
7. (a) Since X is a continuous r.v.  
0
k (2 x – x 2 )dx  1 (M1)

2
 x3 
 k  x 2 –  1 (A1)
 3 0

 8  
 4 –  – 0  1
 3  
3
k  (A1) (C3)
4
0.5
(b) P(0.25  x  0.5) =  f ( x) dx
0.25
(M1)

29
  0.113 (A2) (C3)
256
[6]

8. (a)
y
2

f(x)
1

0 1 2 x
(A2) 2
(b) Mode = 2 (A1) 1

4
 b
(c) Using E(X) =  a
xf ( x) dx (M1)
2

6 
Mean= 1 ( x 2  x 4 ) dx
0
A1

2
 3 5

= 1 x  x  (A1)
6 3 5 0

= 68 (1.51) A1 4
45
m
(d) The median m satisfies 1 ( x  x 3 ) dx  1
6 2 
0
M1A1

m2  m4  3 (A1)
2 2
 m + 2m2 – 12 = 0
4

 2  4  48
m2 = = 2.60555... (A1)
2
m = 1.61 A1 5
[12]


a
9. Using f ( x)dx  1 (M1)
0

1 9

3
x dx  ( 0.5625) (M1)(A1)
0 8 16
27 27  1 1  27 9

a
dx         (M1)(A1)
3 8x 2
8  a 3 8a 8
27 9 7
  
8a 8 16
54
a ( 4.91) (A1) (C6)
11
[6]