Tutori

al

By
M. Firdaus, MT
www.dauspoli.co.cc
 Definition
• Examples of such quantities include distance,
displacement, speed, velocity, acceleration,
force, mass, momentum, energy, work,
power, etc. All these quantities can by divided
into two categories - vectors and scalars
• A vector quantity is a quantity that is fully
described by both magnitude and direction.
• a scalar quantity is a quantity that is fully
described by its magnitude
• Examples of vector quantities include
displacement, velocity, acceleration, and force

• For example, suppose your teacher tells you

"A bag of gold is located outside the
classroom. To find it, displace yourself 20
meters."
• To find it, displace yourself from the center of
the classroom door 20 meters in a direction
30 degrees to the west of north."

• This statement now provides a complete

description of the displacement vector - it lists
both magnitude (20 meters) and direction (30
degrees to the west of north) relative to a
reference or starting position (the center of
the classroom door).
Magnitude of Vector
• The magnitude of a vector in a scaled vector
diagram is depicted by the length of the arrow

• For example, the diagram at the right shows a

vector with a magnitude of 20 miles. Since the
scale used for constructing the diagram is 1
cm = 5 miles, the vector arrow is drawn with a
length of 4 cm. That is, 4 cm x (5 miles/1 cm) =
20 miles.
 Combining Vectors
• We have seen that forces are vectors, having a
magnitude and direction. Vector addition results
in a resultant force

• If the forces are equal in magnitude but opposite

in direction, the resultant force is zero.

• This does not mean that there is no force, but

that the overall force is zero. We say that the
forces are balanced
• If forces are in the same direction, they add up to form the
resultant. If they are in opposite direction, they subtract. The
direction of the resultant is in the direction of the larger force.
The forces are unbalanced and result in acceleration in the
direction of the unbalanced force (Newton II)
 Resultant Vector
• The resultant is the vector sum of two or more
vectors.
• If displacement vectors A, B, and C are added
together, the result will be vector R.
Ilustration