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MPI (Slides 8085 Microprocessor)
MPI (Slides 8085 Microprocessor)
MPI (Slides 8085 Microprocessor)
INTRODUCTION
• 8085 microprocessor was introduced by
Intel in the year 1976.
• This microprocessor is an update of 8080
microprocessor.
• The 8080 processor was updated with
Enable/Disable instruction pins and
Interrupt pins to form the 8085
microprocessor.
Features of 8085
• It is an 8 bit microprocessor.
• It has 16 bit address lines, hence it can access
(216) 64 kB of memory.
• It provides 8-bit I/O addresses to access(28) 256
I/O ports.
• It has 8 bit accumulator, flag register, instruction
register, six 8 bit general purpose register and
two 16 bit register.
• It provide five hardware interrupts : TRAP,RST
7.5,RST 6.5,RST 5.5 AND INTR.
Architecture of 8085
microprocessor
It consists of various functional blocks as listed below:-
1. Registers
2. Arithmetic and logic unit
3. Instruction decoder and machine cycle encoder.
4. Address buffer
5. Address/Data buffer
6. Increment/Decrement address latch
7. Interrupt control
8. Serial I/O control
9. Timing and control circuitry
General Purpose Register
Individual B C D E H L
Accumulator
Instruction Register
Program Counter(PC)
Sixteen Bit register
Stack Pointer(SP)
General purpose resistors-
The 8 bit general purpose register B,C,D,E,H and l can be used a separate 8 bit register or as
16 bit register pair ,BC,DE and HL.When used in register pair mode,the higher byte resides in
the first register and lower order byte resides in the second register.
Temporary register-
1. Temporary data register-
The ALU has two inputs. One input is supplied by accumulator and other from temporary data
register. The programmer can not access its temporary data register.
2. W and Z register-
These registers are used to hold 8 bit data during execution of some instruction.
2. Flag register-
It is an 8 bit register in which five of the bits carry significant infromation in the form of flags
S(sign flag),Z(zero flag),AC(Auxuliary Carry),P(parity flag) and CY(carry flag) as shown in fig.
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
S Z AC P CY
S-Sign flag-After the execution of arithmetic or logical operations, If bit D7 of the result is
1,the sign flag is set means negative. If d7 is o, the number will be considered as positive
number.
Z-Zero flag-The zero flag sets if the result of operation in ALU is zero and the flag resets if the
result is non zero.
P-Parity flag-If the result has even number of 1’s ,the parity flag is set.if the parity is odd,flag
is reset.
2. Stack pointer(SP)-
A 16 bit stack pointer in used to hold the address of the most recent stack entry .
Instruction Decoder-
The instruction decoder decodes the opcode stored in the instruction register and
accordingly gives
the timing and control signal which control the register,the data buffer,ALU.
Address Buffer-
This is an 8 bit unidirectional buffer.It is used to drive external high order address
bus(A15-A8).
Address/Data Buffer-
This is an 8 bit bidirctional buffer.It is used to multiplexed address/data bus.
Interrupt control-
whenever the interrupt signal is enabled or requested the microprocessor shifts the control from
main program to process the incoming request and after the completion of request, the control goes
back to the main program.
AD0 TO AD7
Data bus and address bus
A8 TO A15
ALE
RD and WR
Control and status signals
IO/M
READY
RST 7.5
RST 6.5
Interrupt Signals
RST 5.5
TRAP
INTR
SID (Serial input data)
Serial I/0 Signals
SOD(Serial output data)
HOLD
DMA Signals
HLDA
RESET IN
Reset Signals
RESET OUT
Power supply and Frequency Signals-
1. Vcc:It requires a single +5V power supply.
2. Vss:Ground reference.
3. X1 and X2:A crystal ocillator is connected at these two pins.
DMA signals-
1. HOLD: This signal indicates that another master is requesting for the use of address bus, data
bus and control bus.
2. HLDA: This active high signal is used to acknowledge HOLD request.
Reset signals-
1. RESET IN:a).Sets the program counter to zero (000H).
b).resets the interrupt enable and HLDA flip flops.
c).Tristate the data bus, address bus and control bus.
2. RESET OUT: This active high signal indicates that processor is being reset.
ADDRESSING MODES
OF THE 8085
Immediate addressing mode-
In this type of addressing mode data is specified as a part of instruction.e.g.
MVI B,20H : moves 8 bit immediate data (20 H)into register B.